CN114895455A - High-stability optical path switching system and switching method thereof - Google Patents
High-stability optical path switching system and switching method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114895455A CN114895455A CN202210472186.5A CN202210472186A CN114895455A CN 114895455 A CN114895455 A CN 114895455A CN 202210472186 A CN202210472186 A CN 202210472186A CN 114895455 A CN114895455 A CN 114895455A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
- G02B26/0883—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements the refracting element being a prism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
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Abstract
A high-stability optical path switching system and a switching method thereof belong to the field of optics, and provide a high-stability optical path switching system in order to solve the problem that the prior art cannot well meet the requirement of low-loss high-stability optical path switching of a spatial optical path. In the system, the light path switching is mainly realized by a high-stability light path switching device, when light rays are emitted into one right-angle side of the A pentagonal prism, the light rays are refracted and emitted from the other right-angle side after the angle is changed by 90 degrees; after the light rays are reflected by the reflector, the light rays with the angle changed by 90 degrees irradiate into one right-angle side of the B pentagonal prism, and are refracted to be emitted from the other right-angle side after the angle is changed by 90 degrees. Therefore, the final emergent light path of the B pentagonal prism and the initial incident light path form 90 degrees, and the incident light angle is changed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, and provides a high-stability optical path switching system and a switching method thereof.
Background
The optical path needs to be switched frequently in a space optical system, the direction of light is changed to enable the light to enter different branches of the optical path, and the light can be switched in the optical fiber optical system through an electronic switch. The method can also be used for switching in a reflector mode, a reflector is arranged in a spatial light path, the direction of the light path is changed by changing the angle of the reflector or inserting the reflector into the light path after drawing out, but the reflector needs to generate angular motion or translational motion at the moment, the angle error caused by the motion of the reflector has large influence on the angle of a light ray, the consistency of the light path is reduced when switching is caused, the method provides higher requirements for the precision of a moving structure of the reflector when switching, and the precision of the light path switching is lower due to poorer stability. Therefore, how to realize high-stability optical path switching in a space optical system has important significance and urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-stability light path switching system, wherein a high-stability light path switching device in the system adopts a technical scheme of combining a double-pentagonal prism and a reflector, and can change the direction of a light path.
The invention provides a high-stability optical path switching system which comprises an incident optical path, an optical branch A, an optical branch B and a high-stability optical path switching device. The incident light path and the optical branch A are positioned on the same horizontal line and are vertical to the optical branch B, and the high-stability light path switching device in the system has two states of switching in a light path and switching out the light path. When the high-stability light path switching device is switched into a light path, incident light rays are switched in a direction of 90 degrees and then irradiate into the optical branch B after being emitted into the switching device along an incident light path; when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts out an optical path, the incident light does not change the direction of the incident optical path and irradiates the A optical branch.
Further, the light received by the incident light path is parallel light.
Further, high stability light path auto-change over device comprises A pentagon prism, B pentagon prism, translation mechanism and speculum, A pentagon prism and B pentagon prism are installed on same translation mechanism, are translational motion under translation mechanism drives, the speculum is installed in the middle of A pentagon prism and B pentagon prism, and the speculum is not connected with translation mechanism, A pentagon prism and B pentagon prism.
Further, the high-stability optical path switching device performs translational motion through the translation mechanism to realize the switching-in and switching-out of the optical path.
Furthermore, the translation mechanism adopts a sliding table combined with a stepping motor to realize translation.
Furthermore, the main cross sections of the pentagon prism A and the pentagon prism B are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism, and the light path needs to be ensured to be injected into and ejected out from the right-angle edges of the pentagon prism A and the pentagon prism B every time.
Further, the reflecting mirror is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the reflecting mirror maintains a fixed positional relationship with the B optical branch when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts in and cuts out the optical path.
The invention also provides a light path switching method of the high-stability light path switching system, which comprises the following steps: when the high-stability optical path switching system is used, when the high-stability optical path switching device is switched into an optical path, incident light rays are emitted into the A pentagonal prism after the direction of the optical path is changed by 90 degrees, and then are emitted out to the reflector, and are emitted into the B pentagonal prism after the direction of the optical path is changed by 90 degrees after being reflected by the reflector, and then are emitted out from the B pentagonal prism after the direction of the optical path is changed by 90 degrees again and enter the B optical branch, so that the method realizes that the direction of the optical path is changed by 90 degrees when the incident light rays are emitted out from the switching device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the mode of combining the double pentagon prism and the translation device, and simultaneously counteracts the influence of the precision of the switching device on the direction of the optical axis while realizing the switching of the optical path, thereby ensuring the switching stability of the optical axis, reducing the precision requirement of the switching device, and the device is a space optical path, and has the advantages of high optical efficiency, small attenuation, simple structure, no electrical component and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high stability optical path switching system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-stability optical path switching device.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a high-stability optical path switching system and a switching method thereof, wherein a high-stability optical path switching device in the system adopts a double-pentagonal prism to be combined with a reflector, the direction of an optical path can be changed, the position precision of the structure has little influence on the direction of the optical path, the precision requirement of a switching mechanism is reduced, the stability of an optical axis during optical path switching is ensured, and meanwhile, the method adopts a spatial optical path and has small optical path loss.
First, how the device reduces the precision requirement of the switching mechanism to realize the optical path switching with high stability will be specifically described.
According to the properties of the pentagonal prism, when the pentagonal prism rotates around a rotating shaft vertical to the main section, the pentagonal prism has no influence on the light transmission angle, the included angle between emergent light and incident light of the pentagonal prism is unchanged at 90 degrees, and when the pentagonal prism rotates around other two shafts, the deviation of the output light can affect the emergent light angle of the pentagonal prism.
According to the conclusion in the literature, "the variation of the angle of the emergent light when the pentagonal prism rotates", when the pentagonal prism rotates around the rotating shaft of the non-vertical main section, the emergent light of the pentagonal prism generates deviation, the deviation angle of the emergent light is equal to the angle deviation angle of the pentagonal prism, and the two non-vertical main section errors of the pentagonal prism generate equal angle superposition in the fixed direction of the emergent light. Therefore, when the translation mechanism is switched, due to the influence of structural accuracy, the a pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism generate angular rotation in three directions.
And if the directions of the rays of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are ideal axes when the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism do not rotate at all, neglecting the rotation around the rotating shaft vertical to the main section, the rotation of the other two angles of the pentagonal prism can cause the angle of the emergent ray of the A pentagonal prism to deviate from the ideal axes, and the deviation value is equal to the sum of the rotation angles of the two directions of the A pentagonal prism and is set as theta. After the emergent light of the A pentagonal prism is reflected by the reflector, because the reflector is fixed, the incident light of the B pentagonal prism is deviated from an ideal incident axis according to the reflection principle, and the deviation angle is-theta. When the B pentagonal prism does not rotate, the angle of the emergent ray of the B pentagonal prism deviates from the ideal axis by an angle of-theta, because the B pentagonal prism and the A pentagonal prism are fixedly arranged on the same translation mechanism, the B pentagonal prism can generate the same angle deflection as the A pentagonal prism, so the B pentagonal prism can generate the deflection with the angle of theta of the emergent ray, the deflection is just offset with the angle deflection of the incident ray-theta of the B pentagonal prism, the emergent ray of the B pentagonal prism is superposed with the ideal optical axis, and the rotation generated by the resetting precision when the translation mechanism of the switching device moves does not influence the angle of the emergent ray of the switching device, thereby having higher optical axis switching stability.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching system is composed of an incident optical path, an a optical branch, a B optical branch, and a high-stability optical path switching device. The optical branch A and the optical branch B are placed at an angle of 90 degrees, and an incident light path and the optical branch A are on the same horizontal line. The high-stability optical path switching device has two states of switching in an optical path and switching out the optical path; when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts into the optical path, the position is shown as the position two in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching device is located on the extension line of the optical branch B and between the optical branch a and the incident optical path, and when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts out the optical path, the position is shown as the position one in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching device is located on the extension line of the optical branch B and above the optical branch a and the incident optical path. When the high-stability light path switching device is switched into a light path, incident light rays are switched in a direction of 90 degrees and then irradiate into the optical branch B after being emitted into the switching device along an incident light path; when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts out an optical path, the incident light does not change the direction of the incident optical path and irradiates the A optical branch.
Embodiment 2 is as shown in fig. 2, this high stability light path auto-change over device comprises a pentagon prism 2, B pentagon prism 4, translation mechanism 3 and speculum 5, and a pentagon prism 2 and B pentagon prism 4 install on same translation mechanism 3, do the translation motion under translation mechanism 3 drives, and translation mechanism 3 adopts the slip table to combine step motor to realize the translation. The main sections of the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism 3, and the light path needs to be ensured to be injected and injected from the right-angle sides of the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 every time. The reflecting mirror 5 is arranged between the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 and is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, the reflecting mirror 5 keeps a fixed position relation with the B optical branch in the figure 1 when the switching device cuts in and cuts out the optical path, and the reflecting mirror 5 is not connected with the translation mechanism 3, the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A high stability light path switching system, characterized in that: the device consists of an incident light path, an optical branch A, an optical branch B and a high-stability light path switching device; the incident light path and the optical branch A are positioned on a horizontal line and are vertical to the optical branch B; the high-stability optical path switching device in the system has two states of switching in an optical path and switching out the optical path; when the high-stability light path switching device is switched into a light path, incident light rays are switched in a direction of 90 degrees and then irradiate into the optical branch B after being emitted into the switching device along an incident light path; when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts out an optical path, the incident light does not change the direction of the incident optical path and irradiates the A optical branch.
2. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 1, wherein: the light received by the incident light path is parallel light.
3. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 1, wherein: the high-stability light path switching device is composed of an A pentagonal prism, a B pentagonal prism, a translation mechanism and a reflector, wherein the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are installed on the same translation mechanism and are driven by the translation mechanism to move in a translation manner, the reflector is installed between the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism, and the reflector is not connected with the translation mechanism, the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism.
4. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 3, wherein: the high-stability light path switching device performs translational motion through the translation mechanism to realize the cut-in and cut-out of light paths.
5. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 4, wherein: the translation mechanism adopts a sliding table combined with a stepping motor to realize translation.
6. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 3, wherein: the main sections of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism, and light paths need to be ensured to be injected into and ejected out from the right-angle edges of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism every time.
7. The high-stability optical path switching system according to claim 3, wherein: the reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, and the position relation between the reflecting mirror and the B optical branch is kept unchanged when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts in and cuts out the optical path.
8. An optical path switching method of the high stability optical path switching system according to claim 1, wherein: when the high-stability light path switching device is switched into a light path, incident light rays are emitted after the direction of the light path is changed by 90 degrees after being emitted into the A pentagonal prism, the incident light rays are emitted to the reflector after being reflected by the reflector, the light path is emitted into the B pentagonal prism after the direction of the light path is changed by 90 degrees after being reflected by the reflector, the light path is emitted from the B pentagonal prism after the direction of the light path is changed by 90 degrees again and enters the B optical branch, and the light path is changed by 90 degrees when the incident light rays are emitted from the switching device.
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| CN115236868A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-10-25 | 长春理工大学 | High-resolution optical axis adjusting device and high-resolution optical axis adjusting method |
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