CN114894037A - Deflection yawing type composite protection structure - Google Patents
Deflection yawing type composite protection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114894037A CN114894037A CN202210559905.7A CN202210559905A CN114894037A CN 114894037 A CN114894037 A CN 114894037A CN 202210559905 A CN202210559905 A CN 202210559905A CN 114894037 A CN114894037 A CN 114894037A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
- F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deflection yaw type composite protection structure which comprises an induced deflection layer, a back plate, a free deflection layer and an anti-elastic energy absorption layer, wherein the induced deflection layer is arranged on the back plate; the induced deflection layer comprises a special-shaped ceramic body, the special-shaped ceramic body comprises a bottom supporting plate and a plurality of head cylinders which are closely arranged on the outer surface of the bottom supporting plate, the axial direction of each head cylinder is parallel to the bottom supporting plate, the special-shaped side faces one side of the defense target, and the bottom supporting plate is fixedly connected with the back plate; the bottom support plate and all the head cylinders are integrally formed by adopting the elastic-resistant ceramic; the back plate is made of metal material; the free deflection layer is a non-filling gap arranged between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer or is a filling material filled between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer; the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer is made of high-strength alloy materials or fiber reinforced composite materials. According to the invention, the deflection of an attacking defense target is induced by the special-shaped body ceramic, and the column special-shaped body ceramic is adopted, so that the complete filling of a defense area can be realized, the weak surface is reduced, and the processing difficulty is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-explosion and anti-impact protection structures, and particularly relates to a deflection yaw type composite protection structure with a combined damage function of resisting high-speed fragments and shock waves.
Background
With the development of science and technology, modern missiles not only have ever-increasing explosive power, but also have extremely strong maneuvering penetration and precision guidance capabilities, and can often explode at a short distance from a target structure to realize the maximum damage to the target structure.
The explosive effect of the warhead of the semi-armor-piercing missile on the protective armor is a problem of multi-damage-load combined damage, the combined damage of the shock wave and the fragments to the protective structure is larger than the sum of the damage degrees of single load to the protective structure, and therefore the combined damage enhancement effect of the fragment groups and the explosive shock wave must be considered for the protective armor in important areas. Aiming at the combined load damage effect of the air blast shock wave and the high-speed fragment group, the armor based on the traditional metal material or structural design has generally poor protection efficiency and generally low defense efficiency. The current protection field is researched aiming at the problems, the advantages of various armor materials are generally fully exerted by utilizing the characteristic of multi-layer multi-phase medium dissipation stress waves, and a composite armor structure with excellent comprehensive performance is arranged by depending on a bulkhead structure. A sandwich type composite armor structure consisting of a steel front panel, a high-hardness ceramic, a fiber reinforced composite material bullet-resistant core layer (glass fiber, aramid fiber and high-strength polyethylene fiber) and a steel back panel; the protection idea is as follows: the front panel is used for resisting the action of shock waves, the core layer formed by combining high-hardness ceramic and fiber reinforced composite materials is mainly used for resisting the action of fragment armor piercing, and the back panel is used for absorbing the residual impact kinetic energy of fragments and the core layer.
The other research direction is based on the defense idea of 'deflection and yaw', and the main application form is various non-uniform protection structures, and the non-uniform protection structures generate deflection torque by applying resultant force which does not pass through the mass center to the defense target, so that the defense target deflects and yaws. Currently, the most typical non-uniform protection structure can be divided into an in-layer irregular induced deflection structure layer and a surface irregular deflection yaw structure, which are non-uniform layers respectively arranged inside and on the surface of the protection structure. The surface special-shaped deflection yaw structure is high in designability and flexible in installation, and is generally in a dot-matrix structure such as a hemisphere and a rectangular pyramid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the dot-matrix surface special-shaped deflection yawing structure has the defects that part of special-shaped ceramic bodies are difficult to completely fill, the number of weak surfaces is large, the processing is difficult and the like, and provides a deflection yawing type composite protection structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a deflection yaw type composite protection structure comprises an induced deflection layer, a back plate, a free deflection layer and an anti-elastic energy absorption layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the induced deflection layer comprises at least one special-shaped ceramic body, the special-shaped ceramic body comprises a bottom supporting plate and a plurality of head cylinders which are closely arranged on the outer surface of the bottom supporting plate, the head cylinders are horizontally arranged, the axial direction of the head cylinders is parallel to the bottom supporting plate, the special-shaped side surfaces of the head cylinders face to one side of a defense target, and the inner surface of the bottom supporting plate is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the back plate; the bottom support plate and all the head cylinders of the special-shaped ceramic body are integrally formed by adopting elastic-resistant ceramic; the back plate is made of metal materials; the free deflection layer is a non-filling gap arranged between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer, or is a filling material filled between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer; the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer is made of high-strength alloy materials or fiber reinforced composite materials.
In the scheme, the elastic ceramic is alumina ceramic, silicon carbide ceramic, boron carbide ceramic or boron nitride ceramic.
In the scheme, the thickness of a head cylinder of the special-shaped ceramic body is 2-30 mm, the width of the head cylinder is 4-60 mm, and the length of the head cylinder is equal to that of the bottom supporting plate; the thickness of the bottom supporting plate is 1-15 mm, and the width of the bottom supporting plate is equal to the sum of the widths of all the head cylinders.
In the scheme, the head cylinder of the special-shaped ceramic body is a semi-cylinder, and the curved surface of the semi-cylinder faces to one side of the defense target.
In the above scheme, the head cylinder of the special-shaped ceramic body is a triangular prism, and two side surfaces of the triangular prism face to one side of the defense target.
In the scheme, the thickness of the free deflection layer meets the requirement that the high-speed fragment cannot penetrate through the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer due to the bevel angle and the attack angle after the high-speed fragment is deflected by the free deflection layer.
In the above scheme, the filling material of the free deflection layer is a material with a lower wave impedance than the back plate.
In the above scheme, the thickness range of the free deflection layer is 0-100 mm.
In the scheme, the thickness of the back plate is 0-100 mm.
In the scheme, the thickness of the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer is 0-100 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the induced deflection layer is arranged on the outermost layer and used for inducing high-speed fragments generated by target explosion to change penetration direction, increasing penetration time, displacement and target contact area, and simultaneously eroding, upsetting and cracking the high-speed fragments, so that energy is dispersed in a larger range, and simultaneously the fragments penetrate the rear plate at an unfavorable posture with an initial inclination angle, an attack angle, an angular speed and the like, and the penetration capability of the rear plate is reduced. The whole body of the induced deflection layer is integrally formed by bulletproof ceramics, the processing difficulty can be reduced, the head of the induced deflection layer adopts a cylinder, the complete filling of a defense area can be realized, the induced deflection layer also comprises a bottom supporting plate, the strength of the joint of the cylinder at the head can be increased, the weak surface is reduced, and meanwhile, the integrated forming is convenient.
2. The back plate is made of metal materials, and is used for fixing the special-shaped ceramic body and providing rigidity support for the special-shaped ceramic body, and absorbs shock wave energy generated by explosion and shock kinetic energy of residual high-speed fragments, so that energy load acting on the free deflection layer is attenuated, and the energy absorption capacity of the free deflection layer is improved.
3. The free deflection layer provides a further deflection space for high-speed fragments, so that the high-speed fragments are fully deflected, and simultaneously, the energy of shock waves and the energy of the high-speed fragments are blocked and dissipated.
4. The elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer can absorb the residual high-speed fragment kinetic energy and shock wave energy, further deflect the high-speed fragment and complete the defense target.
In conclusion, the deflection yaw type composite protection structure considers the load characteristics of fragment groups and shock waves generated by explosion in the warhead cabin, fully utilizes the characteristics of non-uniform structure induced projectile body deflection, ceramic material penetration resistance, free deflection layer attenuation residual energy and load attenuation of the elastic energy absorption layer and the elastic energy absorption layer, and can resist combined damage of high-speed fragment groups and shock waves formed by near explosion in the warhead cabin.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a yaw compound containment structure in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a yaw type composite protective structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. an induced deflection layer; 11. a shaped ceramic body; 111. a bottom support plate; 112. a head cylinder; 20. a back plate; 30. a free deflection layer; 40. an anti-ballistic energy-absorbing layer; 200. and (4) breaking the slices at a high speed.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a yaw-type composite protective structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an induced deflection layer 10, a back plate 20, a free deflection layer 30, and an anti-elastic energy-absorbing layer 40, which are sequentially disposed from outside to inside.
The induced deflection layer 10 comprises a special-shaped ceramic body 11, the whole special-shaped ceramic body 11 is integrally formed by elastic-resistant ceramic, and comprises a bottom supporting plate 111 and a plurality of head cylinders 112 which are tightly arranged on the outer surface of the bottom supporting plate 111, each head cylinder 112 is a semi-cylinder, the head cylinders 112 are horizontally arranged, the axial direction of each head cylinder is parallel to the bottom supporting plate 111, the curved surfaces of the semi-cylinders face one side of a defense target, and the induced deflection layer is used for inducing high-speed fragments 200 generated by explosion of the defense target to change the penetration direction, corroding, upsetting and cracking the high-speed fragments 200 and dispersing the impact kinetic energy of the high-speed fragments 200. The bottom support plate 111 can increase the strength of the joint of the head column, reduce the weak surface, and facilitate the integral forming, and the inner surface of the bottom support plate 111 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the back plate 20. In other embodiments, when the size of the composite guard structure is large and the integral formation of a single shaped ceramic body 11 is limited by the specifications of the mold and the molding press, the induced deflection layer 10 may be composed of a plurality of shaped ceramic bodies 11 arranged closely.
The back plate 20 is used for fixing the special-shaped ceramic body 11, providing rigidity support for the special-shaped ceramic body 11, absorbing shock wave energy generated by explosion and shock kinetic energy of the residual high-speed fragments 200, attenuating energy load acting on the free deflection layer 30 and improving energy absorption capacity of the free deflection layer 30. The back plate 20 is made of a metal material, preferably high-strength steel, high-strength titanium alloy, high-strength aluminum alloy, high-strength titanium alloy, or high-strength aluminum alloy.
The free deflection layer 30 is disposed between the backplate 20 and the anti-elastic energy-absorbing layer 40, and provides a space for further deflection of the high-speed fragment 200, so that the high-speed fragment 200 is fully deflected, and simultaneously, the energy of the shock wave and the high-speed fragment 200 is blocked and dissipated. The thickness of the free deflection layer 30 is designed to target the high speed fragment 200 after deflection through the layer to have a bevel angle, angle of attack such that it cannot penetrate the subsequent ballistic resistant layer 40. The free deflection layer 30 may be a gap without filling disposed between the back plate 20 and the elastic energy absorbing layer 40, or may be a filling material filled between the back plate 20 and the elastic energy absorbing layer 40, and the filling material is a material having a lower wave impedance than the back plate 20, such as polyurea, aerogel felt, PVC foam, and the like, and can reduce the transmission degree of stress waves at the interface. The materials with different wave impedances can be reasonably adjusted and set according to the size of the stress wave.
The anti-elastic energy-absorbing layer 40 is made of high-strength alloy material or fiber reinforced composite material, and is used for absorbing the residual kinetic energy and shock wave energy of the high-speed fragment 200 and further deflecting the high-speed fragment 200.
Further optimized, the elastic-resistant ceramic is preferably alumina ceramic, silicon carbide ceramic, boron carbide ceramic and boron nitride ceramic.
Further optimization, when the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer 40 is made of a high-strength alloy material, the high-strength alloy material is preferably high-strength steel, high-strength titanium alloy, high-strength aluminum alloy or foamed aluminum; when the fiber reinforced composite material is adopted, the glass fiber reinforced composite material, the aramid fiber reinforced composite material, the high-strength polyethylene fiber reinforced composite material and the carbon fiber reinforced composite material are preferably selected.
Further optimization, the defense targets can be bullets, tank shells, anti-tankmark bullets, grenades, anti-ship missiles and the like. The size of the yaw type composite protection structure can be flexibly adjusted according to the application scene and the defense target, and the adjustment mode comprises the adjustment of the geometric dimension of the special-shaped ceramic body 11 and the thicknesses of the back plate 20, the free deflection layer 30 and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer 40. Wherein, the thickness of the head cylinder 112 of the special-shaped ceramic body 11 is 2-30 mm, the width of the head cylinder 112 is 4-60 mm, and the length of the head cylinder 112 is equal to the length of the bottom support plate 111; the thickness of the bottom support plate 111 is 1-15 mm, and the width of the bottom support plate 111 is equal to the sum of the widths of all the head cylinders 112. The preferred range of the thicknesses of the back plate 20, the free deflection layer 30 and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer 40 is 0-100 mm.
Further optimized, the special-shaped ceramic body 11 and the back plate 20 are fixedly connected with the special-shaped ceramic body 11 through organic adhesives such as epoxy resin or brazing.
The invention discloses an action mechanism of a deflection yaw type composite protection structure, which comprises the following steps: under the action of the high-speed fragment 200, the high-speed fragment 200 impacts the column 112 at the head of the special-shaped ceramic body 11, and erosion, upsetting and fragmentation, particularly the change of the motion direction, occur. The stress wave will be reflected and transmitted at the backplate 20 and transfer energy to the free deflection layer 30. since the wave impedance of the backplate 20 is much greater than the free deflection layer 30, the load and energy transferred to the free deflection layer 30 will be greatly attenuated. The remaining high speed fragments 200 penetrate through the back sheet 20 into the free deflection layer 30, and due to the angular velocity, the fragments will further deflect, and the high speed fragments 200 with further deflected attitude hit the ballistic resistant energy absorbing layer 40, and due to the initial inclination angle and attack angle, the fragments will further deflect in the ballistic resistant energy absorbing layer 40. Thereby achieving the function of resisting the high-speed fragment 200 and the shock wave.
Second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 4, a yaw type composite protection structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the first embodiment except that: the head cylinder 112 of the shaped ceramic body 11 is a triangular prism, and both side surfaces of the triangular prism face the side of the defense target.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A deflection yaw type composite protection structure is characterized by comprising an induced deflection layer, a back plate, a free deflection layer and an anti-elastic energy absorption layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the induced deflection layer comprises at least one special-shaped ceramic body, the special-shaped ceramic body comprises a bottom supporting plate and a plurality of head cylinders which are closely arranged on the outer surface of the bottom supporting plate, the head cylinders are horizontally arranged, the axial direction of the head cylinders is parallel to the bottom supporting plate, the special-shaped side surfaces of the head cylinders face to one side of a defense target, and the inner surface of the bottom supporting plate is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the back plate; the bottom support plate and all the head cylinders of the special-shaped ceramic body are integrally formed by adopting elastic-resistant ceramic; the back plate is made of metal materials; the free deflection layer is a non-filling gap arranged between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer, or is a filling material filled between the back plate and the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer; the elastic-resistant energy-absorbing layer is made of high-strength alloy materials or fiber reinforced composite materials.
2. The yaw-off composite protective structure of claim 1, wherein the ballistic ceramic is an alumina ceramic, a silicon carbide ceramic, a boron carbide ceramic, or a boron nitride ceramic.
3. The yaw type composite protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the head cylinder of the special-shaped ceramic body is 2-30 mm thick, the head cylinder is 4-60 mm wide, and the head cylinder is equal to the bottom support plate in length; the thickness of the bottom supporting plate is 1-15 mm, and the width of the bottom supporting plate is equal to the sum of the widths of all the head cylinders.
4. The yaw-type composite protective structure of claim 1, wherein the head cylinder of the shaped ceramic body is a semi-cylinder, and a curved surface of the semi-cylinder faces a side of the defense target.
5. The yaw-style composite guard structure according to claim 1, wherein the head cylinder of the shaped ceramic body is a triangular prism, and both side surfaces of the triangular prism face the side of the defense target.
6. The yaw-type composite protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the free deflection layer satisfies the requirement that the high-speed fragments cannot penetrate the elastic-elastic energy absorption layer due to the oblique angle and the attack angle after the high-speed fragments are deflected by the free deflection layer.
7. The yaw-style composite containment structure of claim 1, wherein the filler material of the free-yaw layer is a material having a lower wave impedance than the back plate.
8. The yaw-style composite guard structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the thickness of the free-yaw layer ranges from 0mm to 100 mm.
9. The yaw-type composite shield structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the back plate is 0-100 mm.
10. The yaw-type composite protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the elastic-resistant and energy-absorbing layer is 0-100 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210559905.7A CN114894037A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Deflection yawing type composite protection structure |
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| CN202210559905.7A CN114894037A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Deflection yawing type composite protection structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115468457A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-13 | 北京坤飞航天科技有限公司 | Anti-invasion structure with special-shaped surface penetration-resistant layer |
| CN115468456A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-13 | 北京坤飞装备科技有限公司 | Composite bullet shielding layer for resisting multi-stage series penetration warhead powder charge damage |
| CN115682837A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-02-03 | 潍坊衡瑞硼业新材料科技有限公司 | Light bulletproof material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109269350A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-25 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Ceramic body fills elastic sandwich composite protection structure |
| CN108680062A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-19 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院 | High shellproof antiknock composite construction of drag and preparation method thereof |
| CN112606495A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-06 | 北京理工大学 | Compound antiknock protective structure |
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