CN114893627A

CN114893627A - Gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline

Info

Publication number: CN114893627A
Application number: CN202210439089.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 堵树宏; 汪晨辉; 孙超杰; 王超; 牛艳颖; 时东; 于沛; 赵斌; 黄小云; 张冉; 张志成
Original assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-25
Filing date: 2022-04-25
Publication date: 2022-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-25
Also published as: CN114893627B; WO2023207052A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline which is used for connecting a reactor system and a power generation system. The straight pipe type main pipeline adopts a design scheme of an inner layer pipe and an outer layer pipe, and key technologies such as heat insulation and thermal compensation are adopted, so that the arrangement space is saved to a great extent, and meanwhile, the heat insulation effect is considered to ensure the system function. The invention provides an arrangement idea for the gas-cooled micro-reactor main pipeline.

Description

Gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the design technology of nuclear energy pipelines, and particularly relates to an air-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline.

Background

With the rapid development of the country, the demand of various industries for energy is rapidly increasing. In order to meet the requirements of China on high-efficiency and clean energy, nuclear energy cannot be explored at all. Compared with other traditional fossil fuel power generation such as coal and natural gas, nuclear power generation has the natural advantages of cleanness, high energy density, almost no emission of greenhouse gases and the like. Therefore, the energy structure in China is optimized, and the nuclear energy industry is imperative to be further developed.

The gas-cooled micro-reactor is an advanced reactor type of a fourth-generation nuclear power system researched and developed in China, and has the special advantages of miniaturization and flexible arrangement besides the safe, efficient and stable production of a common nuclear power plant. The container can be easily transported, easily assembled and quickly arranged under the special application scene, and has obvious advantages in emergency situations such as reconstruction after disaster, rescue in advance and the like.

At present, the gas-cooled micro-reactor is still in the exploration stage in China, and any experimental or commercial gas-cooled micro-reactor is not built in China, so that the research on the aspects is relatively less and the gas-cooled micro-reactor is still in the research stage.

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a design scheme of a straight pipe type main pipeline of an air-cooled micro-reactor aiming at the defects of the prior art and provide technical support for the development of the air-cooled micro-reactor.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline is used for connecting a reactor system and a power generation system and comprises an outer layer pipeline and an inner layer pipeline, wherein the inner layer pipeline and the outer layer pipeline are fixed through a plurality of supporting pieces which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.

Further, the gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline is characterized in that the inner layer pipeline and the outer layer pipeline are straight pipes and are in a coaxial state during installation.

Further, the gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline is characterized in that an outer layer flow channel is formed between the outer layer pipeline and the inner layer pipeline, an inner layer flow channel is formed inside the inner layer pipeline, and operating working media in the inner layer flow channel and the outer layer flow channel are helium; the working medium in the outer flow channel is helium with relatively low temperature and high pressure, the flow direction is from the power generation system to the reactor system, the working medium in the inner flow channel is helium with relatively high temperature and low pressure, and the flow direction is from the reactor system to the power generation system.

Further, the air-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline comprises an outer shell, a middle heat insulation layer and a lining which are coaxially arranged.

Furthermore, thermal displacement compensation mechanisms are respectively arranged on the shell and the lining of the inner-layer pipeline; the shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism adopts a cylindrical metal corrugated pipe expansion joint, and the lining thermal displacement compensation mechanism adopts a multi-section socket structure.

Further, as described above, the straight pipe type main pipe of the air-cooled micro-reactor, wherein the connection end of the inner pipe and the reactor system is provided with the annular carbon brick, and a certain degree of pre-pressure is provided by the inner pipe shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism during installation, so that the annular carbon brick is always in a pressed state during process operation, thereby ensuring the sealing property.

Further, as above, the straight tubular trunk line of air-cooled micro-reactor, wherein, outer pipeline includes outside casing, interrupt mechanism and terminal surface leak hunting mechanism, and the both ends of outer pipeline adopt the flange face to add double-deck metal C type sealing washer to seal, and set up between the inlayer and the skin of double-deck metal C type sealing washer terminal surface leak hunting mechanism, interrupt mechanism sets up in outside casing middle part for dismouting when shutting down the heap and reloading.

Further, the gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type main pipeline is characterized in that the reactor system adopts a horizontal pressure vessel, and the power generation system adopts an integrated helium turbine.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a pipeline arrangement idea for the fourth generation nuclear power reactor in China, and meets the requirements of miniaturization and integration to the maximum extent on the basis of ensuring the functions of various devices. Partial early preparation is provided for requirements of later-stage container transportation, quick delivery and the like, and the blank of the field of related pipeline arrangement of the gas-cooled micro-reactor is filled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall arrangement of the systems of the gas cooled micro-reactor of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a main conduit according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer layer pipeline of the main pipeline of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner layer pipeline of the main pipeline of the invention.

In the figure:

1. a reactor system; 2. a main pipeline; 3. a power generation system; 4. reactor system equipment; 5. a power generation system device; 6. an outer pipeline of the main pipeline; 7. an outer-layer flow passage of the main pipeline; 8. an inner layer pipeline of the main pipeline; 9. an inner runner of the main pipeline; 10. the outer pipeline sealing structure of the main pipeline; 11. the inner layer pipeline shell of the main pipeline is sealed; 12. the inner layer pipeline lining sealing structure of the main pipeline; 13. a thermal displacement compensation mechanism (cylindrical metal corrugated pipe expansion joint) of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline; 14. a support member; 15. an outer shell of the outer pipeline of the main pipeline; 16. a pipeline loop flange at the outer layer of the main pipeline; 17. an outer pipeline interruption structure of the main pipeline; 18. a main pipeline end face leakage detection mechanism; 19. the end part of the outer pipeline of the main pipeline is sealed; 20. an annular carbon brick; 21. a cylindrical metal bellows expansion joint; 22. an inner pipeline shell of the main pipeline; 23. a main pipeline inner layer pipeline middle heat insulation layer; 24. an inner pipeline lining of the main pipeline; 25. the inner layer pipeline lining sealing structure of the main pipeline; 26. the inner layer pipeline shell of the main pipeline is sealed; 27. the inner layer pipeline of the main pipeline is lined with a thermal displacement compensation structure (socket structure).

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides a main pipeline arrangement scheme of a gas-cooled micro-reactor, as shown in figure 1, the gas-cooled micro-reactor comprises a reactor system 1, a main pipeline 2 and a power generation system 3. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that, for a complete gas cooled micro-reactor, not only these systems are included, but the present invention focuses on the connection relationship of the main pipelines, and other systems are not described in the present invention, but also these systems are well known in the art.

The reactor system 1 and the power generation system 3 are connected by a main pipeline 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the main pipeline 2 is a double-layer sleeve structure, and includes an outer layer pipeline 6 and an inner layer pipeline 8, both of which are straight pipelines, the inner and outer pipelines are fixed by an inner support member 14, a plurality of support members 14 are uniformly arranged between the inner layer pipeline and the outer layer pipeline in a circumferential direction, and the inner layer pipeline 8 and the outer layer pipeline 6 are coaxially installed between the reactor system equipment 4 and the power generation system equipment 5.

The space between the outer layer pipeline 6 and the inner layer pipeline 8 forms an outer layer flow passage 7, wherein the flowing working medium is in a relatively low-temperature high-pressure state, flows to the reactor system 1 from the power generation system 3 in the direction, and is reheated in the reactor module as exhaust gas after the working medium acts. The inner space of the inner layer pipeline 8 is an inner layer pipeline 9, wherein the flowing working medium is in a relatively high-temperature low-pressure state, flows to the power generation system 3 from the reactor system 1 in the direction, is used as reheated gas, and is conveyed to the power generation system for power generation.

As shown in fig. 3, the outer pipe 9 is composed of an outer shell 15, a main pipe outer pipe loop flange 16, an interruption structure 17, an end face leakage detection mechanism 18, a main pipe outer pipe end seal 19 and the like.

The outer pipeline loose flange 16 of the main pipeline is of an end fastening structure, and after the outer pipeline and the side equipment of the outer pipeline are aligned by using a hoisting tool, a corresponding bolt or nut is screwed to complete fastening.

Outer pipeline of trunk line breaks structure 17, reserves for reactor system reloading technology, need the trunk line of split again among the reloading process, but both ends flange occupation space is great, and fastening torque is firm, and the skin has corresponding shielding structure, consequently is difficult to follow tip split trunk line. Therefore, the middle part of the pipeline is provided with a pipeline interruption structure 17 at the outer layer of the main pipeline, so that the pipeline is convenient to disconnect when changing materials.

The outer pipe 6 is one of the sealing boundaries of the whole main circuit, and the material and quality of the outer pipe require more severe requirements. The main pipe outer layer pipe sealing structures 19 at both sides of the connected reactor system equipment 4 and power generation system equipment 5 may use different sealing methods according to the circumstances. In the invention, the main pipeline outer layer pipeline sealing structures 19 at two ends are sealed in a mode of adding double-layer sealing rings on the flange surfaces, the double-layer sealing rings are concentrically arranged on the flange surfaces of the pipelines, the sealing rings are metal C-shaped sealing rings, nickel-based alloy is used as a base material, and silver-plated C-shaped coating films are attached to the surfaces of the sealing rings. The sealing structure is widely applied to high-temperature pipelines of a nuclear power plant, and can ensure stable, safe and reliable operation.

The detection point of the main pipeline end surface leakage detection mechanism 18 is positioned between the coaxial double-layer sealing rings. In the two layers of sealing rings, the inner layer of the sealing ring has a complete sealing function as a sealing function. The outer sealing ring is used as a protective measure and plays a role in preventing gas diffusion when the inner sealing fails. When the main pipe end face leak detection mechanism 18 between the two sealing rings detects working medium gas, the sealing function of the inner layer sealing ring is failed, and the inner layer sealing ring needs to be maintained.

As shown in fig. 4, the inner pipeline 8 is composed of a main pipeline inner pipeline annular carbon brick 20, a main pipeline inner pipeline shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism 21, a main pipeline inner pipeline shell 22, a main pipeline inner pipeline middle heat insulation layer 23, a main pipeline inner pipeline lining 24, a main pipeline inner pipeline lining sealing structure 25, a main pipeline inner pipeline shell sealing structure 26, a main pipeline inner pipeline lining thermal displacement compensation mechanism 27 and the like.

The outer shell 22 and the inner lining 24 of the inner layer pipeline 11 are parts of the inner layer pipeline, but are separated by the heat insulation layer 23 in the middle, and the working condition temperature difference of the two sides is large. The calculated thermal displacements are therefore different, so different thermal displacement compensation structures are used to compensate the thermal displacements, which are the main pipe inner layer pipe outer shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism 21 and the main pipe inner layer pipe inner lining thermal displacement compensation mechanism 27, respectively. Wherein, the thermal displacement compensation mechanism 21 of the outer shell of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline is designed as a cylindrical metal corrugated pipe expansion joint, and the thermal displacement compensation mechanism 27 of the inner lining of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline is designed as a multi-section socket structure to ensure the elimination of thermal displacement. The adjacent both ends of socket joint structure, one end are public head, and one end is female head, and the inner wall of female head and the outer wall of public head are the echelonment structure of mutual adaptation at the two connection position, and the connection position can also be equipped with and be used for guaranteeing both to install smoothly and can be the high temperature resistant wear-resisting coating that slides under high temperature.

The intermediate heat insulation layer 23 of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline is in a high-temperature working condition during working, and can keep a latticed or flocculent structure (the material can be selected from a known heat insulation material) besides good heat insulation performance so as to ensure the optimal heat resistance capability and ensure that the working medium of the inner pipeline does not influence the outer shell 22 of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline to the maximum extent.

The sealing structure 25 for the inner lining of the main pipeline and the sealing structure 26 for the outer shell of the main pipeline can be flexibly changed according to the design and can be realized by adopting a traditional pipeline sealing structure or a specially designed pipeline sealing structure. In the invention, the sealing structure 25 of the inner lining of the main pipe inner layer pipe is not additionally designed, and the sealing structure 26 of the main pipe inner layer pipe shell is only used for completing the gas sealing between the left main pipe inner layer pipe shell 22 and the power generation system equipment 5. And one end of the opposite side connected with the reactor system equipment 4 is designed with a ring-shaped carbon brick 20, and when the annular carbon brick is installed, a certain degree of pre-pressure is provided through a corrugated pipe expansion joint structure in the thermal displacement compensation mechanism 21 of the inner pipeline shell of the main pipeline, so that the carbon brick 20 of the inner pipeline of the main pipeline is always in a pressed state under the complete process flow to complete sealing.

The invention provides a gas-cooled micro-stack pipeline arrangement scheme, which pre-installs part of structures in practical application as follows:

the main pipeline inner layer pipeline 8 is composed of main pipeline inner layer pipeline carbon bricks 20, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism 21, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline shell 22, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline middle heat insulation layer 23, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline lining 24, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline lining sealing structure 25, a main pipeline inner layer pipeline shell sealing structure 26 and a main pipeline inner layer pipeline lining thermal displacement compensation mechanism 27.

The main pipeline outer layer pipeline 6 is formed by a main pipeline outer layer pipeline outer shell 15, a main pipeline outer layer pipeline loop flange 16, a main pipeline outer layer pipeline interruption structure 17, a main pipeline end face leakage detection mechanism 18 and a main pipeline outer layer pipeline end portion sealing 19.

All designs in the invention adopt integrated design. After the system is packaged, the space is compressed as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the functions, the miniaturization of the whole air-cooled micro-stack is ensured, and the precondition is provided for the purposes of subsequent container transportation, flexible putting and the like.

Meanwhile, due to the modular design, the consistency and the universality of the interface of each system are ensured as much as possible, so that the rapid disassembly, assembly and maintenance are possible, and convenience is provided for large-scale production.

And the interruption structure in the middle of the pipeline can integrally disassemble the reactor system without disassembling other structures of the whole gas-cooled micro-reactor, so that convenience is provided for overhauling and reloading the reactor system. The gas-cooled micro-reactor can be recycled by replacing fuel, thereby saving resources to a certain extent.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gas-cooled micro-reactor straight tubular main pipeline for connect reactor system (1) and power generation system (3), characterized in that, main pipeline (2) are including outer pipeline (6), inlayer pipeline (8), and it is fixed through a plurality of support piece (14) that the hoop was evenly arranged between inlayer pipeline (8) and outer pipeline (6).

2. A gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe main pipe according to claim 1, wherein the inner layer pipe (8) and the outer layer pipe (6) are straight pipes and are installed coaxially.

3. The gas-cooled micro-reactor straight-pipe type main pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein an outer-layer flow channel (7) is formed between the outer-layer pipeline (6) and the inner-layer pipeline (8), an inner-layer flow channel (9) is formed inside the inner-layer pipeline (6), and the operating working media in the inner-layer flow channel and the outer-layer flow channel are helium.

4. The gas-cooled micro-reactor straight-pipe main pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the working medium in the outer-layer flow channel (7) is helium gas with relatively low temperature and high pressure, the flow direction is from the power generation system (3) to the reactor system (1), the working medium in the inner-layer flow channel (9) is helium gas with relatively high temperature and low pressure, and the flow direction is from the reactor system (1) to the power generation system (3).

5. A gas-cooled micro-pile straight pipe main pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the inner layer pipeline (8) comprises an outer shell (22), an intermediate heat insulating layer (23) and an inner lining (24) which are coaxially arranged in sequence.

6. The gas-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe main pipeline according to claim 5, wherein thermal displacement compensating mechanisms are provided on the outer shell (22) and the inner liner (24) of the inner pipe (8), respectively.

7. The primary pipe of the air-cooled micro-reactor straight pipe type as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism adopts a cylindrical metal bellows expansion joint (21), and the inner lining thermal displacement compensation mechanism adopts a multi-section socket structure (27).

8. The straight gas-cooled micro-reactor pipe type main pipeline as claimed in claim 6, wherein the connecting end of the inner layer pipeline (8) and the reactor system (1) is provided with an annular carbon brick (20), and a certain degree of pre-pressure is provided by the inner layer pipeline shell thermal displacement compensation mechanism during installation, so that the annular carbon brick is always in a pressed state during process operation, and the sealing performance is ensured.

9. The straight gas-cooled micro-reactor pipe type main pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer layer pipeline (6) comprises an outer shell (15), an interruption mechanism (17) and an end face leakage detection mechanism (18), both ends of the outer layer pipeline are sealed by adopting a flange face and a double-layer metal C-shaped sealing ring, the end face leakage detection mechanism (18) is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the double-layer metal C-shaped sealing ring, and the interruption mechanism (17) is arranged in the middle of the outer shell (15) and used for disassembly and assembly during shutdown and refueling.

10. The gas-cooled micro-reactor straight-pipe main pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the reactor system (1) adopts a horizontal pressure vessel, and the power generation system (3) adopts an integrated helium turbine.