CN114893271A - Plug-in tappet welding structure and process thereof - Google Patents
Plug-in tappet welding structure and process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114893271A CN114893271A CN202210635381.5A CN202210635381A CN114893271A CN 114893271 A CN114893271 A CN 114893271A CN 202210635381 A CN202210635381 A CN 202210635381A CN 114893271 A CN114893271 A CN 114893271A
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- base
- tappet
- shell
- welding
- plug
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a plug-in tappet welding structure and a process thereof. The plug-in tappet welding structure comprises a shell and a base, wherein a pair of oil holes are transversely formed in the shell, a ball socket working surface is arranged on the base, the bottom surface of the base is a working surface at the bottom of the base, an inner cavity of the shell is spliced with the upper portion of the base, a welding gap L is reserved between the inner cavity of the shell and the upper portion of the base, a round arc-shaped base step surface is arranged at the top end of the upper portion of the base, and a round copper ring welding wire is arranged in the base step surface. The invention adopts the plug-in welding structure and process, has simple and reliable structure, simple processing process and better welding performance, and can greatly reduce the material cost because the plug-in welding shell can adopt 45 steel or 40Cr and other materials with relatively low price and the base adopts X210CrW12 material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine valve tappets, in particular to a plug-in tappet welding structure and a process thereof.
Background
The existing flat-bottom mechanical tappet is mainly divided into an integral type and a hard alloy welding type; the integral mechanical valve lifter is mainly made of X210CrW12 material and chilled cast iron material, the end face of the bottom is nitrided or plated, the hardness of the material is high, so that the machining is difficult, the precision size is difficult to control, and the machining cost is increased; the hard alloy welded type valve lifter is mainly formed by welding a cylinder made of SWRCH45K, C45EC or 40Cr materials and a hard alloy sheet by using a pure copper welding sheet as shown in a patent CN 201320062215.
At present, a tappet adopting a split type structure design, such as a cup-shaped valve tappet described in patent CN201920427105, is also provided, but the split type structure of the tappet is positioned and fixed through a clamping point, the process for machining and positioning the clamping point is complex, the process requirement is high, and meanwhile, the split type structure is easy to move relatively, so that the use of the product is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention designs a plug-in tappet welding structure and a process thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a bayonet tappet welded structure, includes casing and base, transversely is provided with a pair of oilhole on the casing, sets up the ball socket working face on the base, and the base bottom surface is base bottom working face, the casing inner chamber is pegged graft with base upper portion, leaves weld gap L between casing inner chamber and base upper portion junction, and base upper portion junction top is provided with the convex base step face of round, and the arrangement has the round copper ring welding wire in the base step face.
Preferably, the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell is provided with an inclined chamfer for positioning, the bottom of the joint of the upper part of the base is correspondingly provided with a circle of base inclined plane, and the inclined angle of the inclined chamfer is consistent with that of the base inclined plane.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the shell is 0.1mm larger than the outer diameter of the joint of the upper part of the base.
The production process of the plug-in tappet welding structure comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: in the blanking stage, a steel pipe is selected as a blank making raw material of the shell, a copper wire is selected as a blank making raw material of a copper ring welding wire, and a bar is selected as a blank making raw material of the base;
s2, turning and winding the sub-parts: cutting an outer circle surface of the shell, an inner circle surface of the shell matched with the outer circle surface of the base, a shell and base positioning surface matched with the inclined surface of the base, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the shell on a blank making raw material of the shell, and processing oil holes by utilizing a stamping method or a drilling and milling method if oil holes are needed on the tappet;
turning an outer circular surface of the base matched with an inner circular surface of the shell, an inclined surface of the base matched with a positioning surface of the shell and the base, a step surface of the base for placing a copper ring welding wire, a ball socket working surface and upper and lower end surfaces of the base under a blank making raw material of the base;
winding a copper wire into a copper ring by using a ring winding machine under a blank making raw material of the copper ring welding wire and cutting the copper wire to form the copper ring welding wire;
s3, assembling sub-parts before welding:
placing a copper ring welding wire on the step surface of the base, and then inserting the base and the copper ring welding wire into the shell together until the inclined chamfer at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell tightly presses the inclined surface of the base;
s4, welding and heat treatment:
placing the assembled tappet into a mesh belt furnace for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 850-1100 ℃, the base can be quenched at the same time, a copper ring welding wire is heated and melted in the welding process, flows into an annular welding gap L reserved between the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circular surface of the base, and is cooled and re-solidified to form a welding line so as to weld the shell and the base into a whole; and carrying out low-temperature tempering and stress relief annealing on the base;
s5, tappet grinding:
grinding the reference surface of the outer circle surface of the tappet shell in a centerless grinding or plunge grinding mode after heat treatment, clamping the reference surface of the outer circle surface of the shell to grind the working surface at the bottom of the tappet base, and controlling the roughness, the convexity and the runout of the working surface at the bottom of the tappet base according to use requirements;
s6, nitriding the working surface at the bottom of the tappet base:
after grinding the working surface at the bottom of the tappet base, carrying out nitriding treatment, and controlling the surface hardness, the depth of a white layer, the depth of a diffusion layer, the brittleness grade and the grade of a loose layer of the nitrided working surface at the bottom of the tappet base according to the use requirement;
s7, heat treatment of the outer circular surface of the tappet shell:
carrying out induction quenching on the outer circular surface of the tappet housing, wherein the induction quenching ensures that the surface hardness of the outer circular surface of the tappet housing is not lower than 550HV10 and the depth of a hardened layer is not lower than 0.5mm, and carrying out low-temperature tempering on the tappet by using a box-type tempering furnace after induction quenching;
s8, fine grinding processing of the outer circle surface of the tappet shell:
and (3) carrying out fine grinding processing on the outer circular surface of the tappet housing after heat treatment, and controlling the diameter, the roughness and the cylindricity of the outer circular surface of the housing according to the use requirement.
Preferably, in the step S4, the hardness of the tappet base after quenching is 52 to 58 HRC.
Preferably, in the step S4, the low-temperature tempering temperature is 200-220 ℃, the destressing temperature is 600-700 ℃, and the hardness of the tappet base after annealing is above 48 HRC.
Preferably, in step S1, the steel pipe is 45 steel or 40Cr steel.
Preferably, in the step S1, the copper wire is a copper wire with a grade of HL105, S225 or T2.
Preferably, in step S1, the bar stock is a bar stock made of an X210CrW material.
Preferably, in the step S7, the low-temperature tempering temperature is 120-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the plug-in welding structure and process, has simple and reliable structure, simple processing process and better welding performance, and can greatly reduce the material cost because the plug-in welding shell can adopt 45 steel or 40Cr and other materials with relatively low price and the base adopts X210CrW12 material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a plug-in tappet welded structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a plug-in tappet weld configuration of the present invention prior to welding;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a plug-in tappet welded structure of the present invention after welding;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the base of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the welding fixture comprises a shell, 1-1 parts of a shell outer circular surface, 1-2 parts of a shell inner circular surface, 1-3 parts of an oil hole, 1-4 parts of a shell and base positioning surface, 1-5 parts of a shell upper end surface, a shell lower end surface, 2 parts of a base, 2-1 parts of a base outer circular surface, 2-2 parts of a base inclined surface, 2-3 parts of a base step surface, 2-4 parts of a ball socket working surface, 2-5 parts of a base bottom working surface, 3-1 parts of a copper ring welding wire, 3-2 parts of a welding line and a welding line.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments in combination with the attached drawings:
example (b): as shown in attached figures 1-5, the plug-in tappet welding structure comprises a shell 1 and a base 2, wherein a pair of oil holes 1-3 are transversely formed in the shell 1, ball socket working faces 2-4 are formed in the base 2, and the bottom surface of the base 2 is a base bottom working face 2-5. the plug-in tappet welding structure is characterized in that an inner cavity of the shell 1 is inserted into the upper portion of the base 2, a welding gap L is reserved between the inner cavity of the shell 1 and the upper portion of the base 2, a circle of circular base step face 2-3 is arranged at the top end of the upper portion of the base 2, and a circle of copper ring welding wires 3-1 are arranged in the base step face 2-3.
An inclined chamfer for positioning is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell 1, a circle of base inclined plane 2-2 is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the joint of the upper part of the base 2 on the base 2, and the inclined angle of the inclined chamfer is consistent with that of the base inclined plane 2-2.
The inner diameter of the inner cavity of the shell 1 is 0.1mm larger than the outer diameter of the joint of the upper part of the base 2.
The production process of the plug-in tappet welding structure comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: in the blanking stage, a steel pipe is selected as a blank making raw material of the shell 1, a copper wire is selected as a blank making raw material of a copper ring welding wire 3-1, and a bar is selected as a blank making raw material of the base 2;
s2, turning and winding the sub-parts:
as shown in fig. 6, the outer circle surface 1-1 of the shell, the inner circle surface 1-2 of the shell matched with the outer circle surface 2-1 of the base, the positioning surface 1-4 of the shell and the base matched with the inclined plane 2-2 of the base and the upper and lower end surfaces 1-5 of the shell are machined under the blank making raw material of the shell 1, and if the tappet has a hole, the oil hole 1-3 is machined by a stamping method or a drilling and milling method;
as shown in fig. 7, turning a base outer circular surface 2-1 matched with a shell inner circular surface 1-2, a base inclined surface 2-2 matched with a shell and a base positioning surface 1-4, a base step surface 2-3 for placing a copper ring welding wire 3-1, a ball socket working surface 2-4 and upper and lower end surfaces of a base under a blank making raw material of the base 2;
winding a copper wire into a copper ring by using a ring winding machine under a blank making raw material of the copper ring welding wire and cutting the copper wire to form a copper ring welding wire 3-1;
s3, assembling sub-parts before welding:
placing a copper ring welding wire 3-1 on a base step surface 2-3 of a base 2, then inserting the base 2 and the copper ring welding wire 3-1 into a shell 1 together until an inclined chamfer at the bottom of an inner cavity of the shell 1 tightly presses a base inclined surface 2-2;
s4, welding and heat treatment:
putting the assembled tappet into a mesh belt furnace for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 850-1100 ℃, the welding temperature can quench the base 2 at the same time, a copper ring welding wire is heated and melted in the welding process, flows into an annular welding gap L reserved between the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circular surface 2-1 of the base, and cools and resolidifies copper to form a welding line 3-2, so that the shell 1 and the base 2 are welded into a whole; and carrying out low-temperature tempering and stress relief annealing on the base;
s5, tappet grinding:
grinding the reference surface of the outer circle surface 1-1 of the tappet shell in a centerless grinding or plunge grinding mode after heat treatment, clamping the reference surface of the outer circle surface 1-1 of the shell to grind the bottom working surface 2-5 of the tappet base, and controlling the roughness, convexity and runout of the bottom working surface 2-5 of the tappet base according to use requirements;
s6, nitriding the bottom working surface of the tappet base by 2-5:
grinding the bottom working surface 2-5 of the tappet base, then performing nitriding treatment, and controlling the surface hardness, the depth of a white layer, the depth of a diffusion layer, the brittleness grade and the porosity grade of the nitrided bottom working surface 2-5 of the tappet base according to the use requirement;
s7, heat treatment of the outer circular surface 1-1 of the tappet shell:
carrying out induction quenching on the outer circle surface 1-1 of the tappet shell, wherein the induction quenching ensures that the surface hardness of the outer circle surface 1-1 of the tappet shell is not lower than 550HV10 and the depth of a hardened layer is not lower than 0.5mm, and carrying out low-temperature tempering on the tappet by using a box type tempering furnace after the induction quenching;
s8, fine grinding of the outer circle surface 1-1 of the tappet shell:
and (3) carrying out fine grinding processing on the outer circular surface 1-1 of the tappet housing after heat treatment, and controlling the diameter, the roughness and the cylindricity of the outer circular surface 1-1 of the housing according to the use requirement. The tappet with marking requirements can be subjected to marking operation after the 1-1 fine grinding of the outer circle surface of the shell.
In step S4, the hardness of the pedestal of the tappet after quenching is 52-58 HRC.
In step S4, the low temperature tempering temperature is 200-220 ℃, the destressing temperature is 600-700 ℃, and the hardness of the tappet base 2 after annealing is above 48 HRC.
In step S1, the steel pipe is 45 steel or 40Cr steel.
In step S1, the copper wire is HL105 or S225 or T2 grade copper wire.
In step S1, the bar stock is a bar stock made of X210CrW material.
In step S7, the low temperature tempering temperature is 120-.
The invention adopts the plug-in welding structure and process, has simple and reliable structure, simple processing process and better welding performance, and can greatly reduce the material cost because the plug-in welding shell can adopt 45 steel or 40Cr and other materials with relatively low price and the base adopts X210CrW12 material.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A plug-in tappet welding structure comprises a shell (1) and a base (2), wherein a pair of oil holes (1-3) is transversely formed in the shell (1), ball socket working faces (2-4) are arranged on the base (2), and a base bottom working face (2-5) is arranged on the bottom surface of the base (2).
2. The welding structure of the inserted tappet according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing (1) is provided with an inclined chamfer for positioning, the bottom of the base (2) at the joint of the upper part of the base (2) is correspondingly provided with a circle of base inclined plane (2-2), and the inclined chamfer has the same inclination angle with the base inclined plane (2-2).
3. The welding structure of a plug-in tappet according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the housing (1) is 0.1mm larger than the outer diameter of the upper connection of the base (2).
4. A production process of a welded structure of a plug-in tappet according to claim 1, characterized in that the process steps are as follows:
s1, blanking: in the blanking stage, a steel pipe is selected as a blank making raw material of the shell (1), a copper wire is selected as a blank making raw material of the copper ring welding wire (3-1), and a bar is selected as a blank making raw material of the base (2);
s2, turning and winding the sub-parts: turning an outer circle surface (1-1) of the shell, an inner circle surface (1-2) of the shell matched with the outer circle surface (2-1) of the base, a shell and base positioning surface (1-4) matched with an inclined surface (2-2) of the base and upper and lower end surfaces (1-5) of the shell under a blank making raw material of the shell (1), and processing oil holes (1-3) by utilizing a stamping method or a drilling and milling method if the tappet is required to have the oil holes;
turning a base outer circular surface (2-1) matched with an inner circular surface (1-2) of a shell, a base inclined surface (2-2) matched with a base positioning surface (1-4) of the shell, a base step surface (2-3) for placing a copper ring welding wire (3-1), a ball socket working surface (2-4) and upper and lower end surfaces of the base under a blank making raw material of the base (2);
under the blank-making raw material of the copper ring welding wire, winding a copper wire into a copper ring by using a ring winding machine and cutting the copper ring to form a copper ring welding wire (3-1);
s3, assembling sub-parts before welding:
placing a copper ring welding wire (3-1) on a base step surface (2-3) of a base (2), and then inserting the base (2) and the copper ring welding wire (3-1) into a shell (1) until an inclined chamfer at the bottom of an inner cavity of the shell (1) tightly presses a base inclined surface (2-2);
s4, welding and heat treatment:
putting the assembled tappet into a mesh belt furnace for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 850-1100 ℃, the welding temperature can quench the base (2) at the same time, a copper ring welding wire is heated and melted in the welding process, flows into an annular welding gap L reserved between the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circular surface (2-1) of the base, and cools and resolidifies copper to form a welding line (3-2) so as to weld the shell (1) and the base (2) into a whole; and carrying out low-temperature tempering and stress relief annealing on the base;
s5, tappet grinding:
grinding the reference surface of the outer circle surface (1-1) of the tappet shell in a centerless grinding or plunge grinding mode after heat treatment, clamping the reference surface of the outer circle surface (1-1) of the shell to grind the working surface (2-5) at the bottom of the tappet base, and controlling the roughness, the convexity and the runout degree of the working surface (2-5) at the bottom of the tappet base according to use requirements;
s6, nitriding the bottom working surface (2-5) of the tappet base:
grinding the working surface (2-5) at the bottom of the tappet base, then performing nitriding treatment, and controlling the surface hardness, the depth of a white layer, the depth of a diffusion layer, the brittleness grade and the grade of a loose layer of the nitrided working surface (2-5) at the bottom of the tappet base according to the use requirement;
s7, heat treatment of the outer circular surface (1-1) of the tappet shell:
induction quenching is carried out on the outer circle surface (1-1) of the tappet shell, the induction quenching enables the surface hardness of the outer circle surface (1-1) of the tappet shell to be not less than 550HV10, the depth of a hardened layer to be not less than 0.5mm, and a box type tempering furnace is used for carrying out low-temperature tempering on the tappet after the induction quenching;
s8, fine grinding of the outer circle surface (1-1) of the tappet shell:
and (3) carrying out fine grinding processing on the outer circular surface (1-1) of the tappet housing after heat treatment, and controlling the diameter, the roughness and the cylindricity of the outer circular surface (1-1) of the tappet housing according to the use requirement.
5. The process for producing a welded structure of a plug-in tappet according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the hardness of the quenched tappet base is 52-58 HRC.
6. The production process of the welding structure of the inserted tappet according to the claim 4, wherein in the step S4, the low temperature tempering temperature is 200-220 ℃, the stress relief temperature is 600-700 ℃, and the hardness of the tappet base (2) after annealing is more than 48 HRC.
7. The process of claim 4, wherein in step S1, the steel tube is 45 steel or 40Cr steel.
8. The production process of the plug-in tappet welded structure according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the copper wire is HL105 or S225 or T2.
9. The process for producing a welded structure of a plug-in tappet according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, the bar stock is X210CrW bar stock.
10. The process for producing a welded structure of a plug-in tappet according to claim 4, wherein in step S7, the low temperature tempering temperature is 120 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the tempering time is controlled to be 40 minutes to 1.5 hours.
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2526656A1 (en) * | 1975-06-14 | 1976-12-23 | Wizemann & Co J | Valve rod for IC engine - has hollow shaft electron welded to base of harder material |
US4790473A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-12-13 | Eaton Corporation | Process for welding a cast iron wear member to a cam follower |
JPH0315610A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-01-24 | Riken Corp | Tappet material and manufacture of tappet |
JPH04103809A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-04-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Manufacture for tappet |
US5400951A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-28 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Method of brazing a joint portion of an intake manifold with preplaced brazing |
CN105889059A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波派锐森液压有限公司 | Hollow plunger and machining technology thereof |
CN109642530A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-04-16 | 臼井国际产业株式会社 | End cap |
-
2022
- 2022-06-07 CN CN202210635381.5A patent/CN114893271B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2526656A1 (en) * | 1975-06-14 | 1976-12-23 | Wizemann & Co J | Valve rod for IC engine - has hollow shaft electron welded to base of harder material |
US4790473A (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-12-13 | Eaton Corporation | Process for welding a cast iron wear member to a cam follower |
JPH0315610A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-01-24 | Riken Corp | Tappet material and manufacture of tappet |
JPH04103809A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-04-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Manufacture for tappet |
US5400951A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-28 | Showa Aluminum Corporation | Method of brazing a joint portion of an intake manifold with preplaced brazing |
CN105889059A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波派锐森液压有限公司 | Hollow plunger and machining technology thereof |
CN109642530A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-04-16 | 臼井国际产业株式会社 | End cap |
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