CN114891416A - Heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for lithium ion battery pack shell - Google Patents
Heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for lithium ion battery pack shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114891416A CN114891416A CN202210668545.4A CN202210668545A CN114891416A CN 114891416 A CN114891416 A CN 114891416A CN 202210668545 A CN202210668545 A CN 202210668545A CN 114891416 A CN114891416 A CN 114891416A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- heat
- battery pack
- lithium ion
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KYPYTERUKNKOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrachlorobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Cl)=C(O)C(Cl)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Cl)=C(O)C(Cl)=C1 KYPYTERUKNKOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q triazanium;borate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical class C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CMQUQOHNANGDOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromo-4-(2,4-dibromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(O)=C(Br)C=C1Br CMQUQOHNANGDOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 azo compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012767 functional filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
- C09D5/185—Intumescent paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/229—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
- C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell, which comprises halogen load epoxy resin system, flame retardant, foaming expanding agent, char forming agent, carbon-based reinforcing filler and hollow micro-beads; the coating is coated on the surface of an inner plate or a metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell; the halogen-group-loaded epoxy resin system is a film-forming component of a coating, wherein chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin are used for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing performance, and a flame retardant, a foaming expanding agent and a carbon forming agent are combined to quickly expand by more than 20 times at high temperature of a fire so as to obstruct the spread of the fire and win the escape time. The coating provided by the invention can be integrated with the shell, has the performances of heat insulation, heat preservation, flame retardance and fire prevention, can bear vibration, impact and temperature cold and heat circulation without falling off, and can effectively improve the use safety of the lithium ion battery in case of fire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell.
Background
The lithium ion battery mainly comprises a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material, an electrolyte and a diaphragm, and is mainly operated by the back-and-forth insertion and de-insertion of lithium ions between two electrodes through charge and discharge. The battery generally adopts a material containing lithium as a positive electrode material, but some materials have poor chemical stability and thermal stability, and are easy to cause fire and explosion accidents in the processes of overcharge, impact and short circuit. The safety of the lithium ion battery is one of the main restriction factors for inhibiting the development of the lithium ion battery and the related new energy industry.
The electrolyte in the lithium ion battery is flammable liquid, the electrode is flammable material, the lithium battery generates heat out of control under the conditions of overcharge, short circuit, overheating, puncture or collision and the like, the lithium battery is easy to catch fire and even explode, and the case of fire caused by the ignition of the battery in a mobile phone, an electric bicycle or an electric automobile sometimes occurs. Under the action of internal and external factors such as overcharge, overdischarge, overheating and mechanical collision, the lithium ion battery is easy to cause the collapse of a battery diaphragm and the internal short circuit, so that thermal runaway occurs, and the intrinsic cause of the safety problem of the lithium ion battery is the reason.
In addition, most of the electrolyte organic solvents adopted by the lithium ion batteries belong to flammable or combustible liquids, so that the hidden danger of fire is increased. In terms of the conventional safety fire-fighting measures at present, the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery cannot be effectively inhibited, so that the initial fire rapidly spreads, and then the fire develops into a large-scale fire. The state of the art stipulates in GB8384-2020 electric vehicle safety requirements, before an electric vehicle is on fire, after a battery monomer is required to generate thermal runaway, a battery system does not fire and explode within 5 minutes, and safe escape time is reserved for passengers.
At present, the traditional foam cotton heat insulation material is adopted, the heat insulation layer of the battery pack is made of a fireproof heat insulation felt composite material, the shape of the heat insulation layer needs to be cut according to actual requirements, and the surface shape of the module in the battery pack is irregular, and high-pressure copper bars and low-pressure wire harnesses are arranged on the periphery of the module, so that the heat insulation layer is pasted on a lower box body and an upper shell inner wall which are complex, the space of each gap and each boundary is difficult to fill, and the heat insulation and fire prevention technology is not ideal. The current novel technology is that when the aerogel heat insulation sheet is applied to a lithium ion power battery module, although the low heat conductivity coefficient can be obtained to prevent the heat diffusion generated by the rapid charge and discharge of a battery cell under the high multiplying power; however, when the battery core is out of control due to heat, the battery core only has a heat insulation effect, the fire spreading is delayed to a certain extent, the battery pack is guaranteed not to burn or explode within 5 minutes, the longer escape time is difficult to prolong, and the problems that the sheet material needs to be cut and the battery pack cannot completely conform to the shape of the battery pack shell, gaps are left and the battery pack is connected exist. Therefore, the aerogel heat insulation sheet has limitations in the aspect of improving the safety performance of the new energy automobile power battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the halogen-based load epoxy resin coating comprises 20-60% of halogen-based load epoxy resin and amine cured film forming system, 15-40% of flame retardant, 5-15% of foaming expanding agent, 5-15% of carbonizing agent, 1-5% of carbon-based reinforcing filler and 1-10% of hollow microsphere, wherein the halogen-based load epoxy resin system is composed of halogenated epoxy resin and chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin;
the coating is coated on the surface of the inner plate or the metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell.
Preferably, the halogenated epoxy resin in the halogen-based epoxy resin film is a film-forming resin system in which a tetrachlorobisphenol a-type epoxy resin or a tetrabromobisphenol a-type epoxy resin is combined with one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride, and chlorinated paraffin for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing property.
Preferably, the flame retardant comprises one or the combination of more than two of polyphosphate, organic phosphate, ammonium borate and ammonium sulfate, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree is 1000 or more.
Preferably, the foaming expansion agent includes any one or a combination of two or more of melamine, dicyandiamide, ammonium carbonate and an azo compound.
Preferably, the carbon forming agent is composed of one or a combination of two or more of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, ethylene glycol and 1, 2-propylene glycol.
Preferably, the carbon-based reinforcing filler is formed by one or a combination of more than two of chopped carbon fibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphite micro-sheets, the graphene is preferably selected, the number of the sheets is 5-10, the carbon content is more than or equal to 95%, the chopped carbon fibers are further preferably selected, and the length is less than or equal to 1000 microns.
Preferably, the hollow microspheres comprise any one or a combination of more than two of hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres and closed-cell expanded perlite; the hollow micro-bead is formed by combining two micro-beads with particle size distribution, wherein the diameter of the first micro-nano micro-bead is 1-40 microns, and the diameter of the second micro-bead is 40-200 microns.
Preferably, the coating is coated on the inner surface of a shell of the lithium battery and the inner surface of accessories, the thickness of the coating is 1-4mm, and the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft package aluminum plastic films.
Preferably, the coating is coated on the outer surface of a shell and the outer surfaces of accessories of the lithium battery, the thickness of the coating is 1-6mm, the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft package aluminum plastic films, the coating is covered on a bottom coating combined with the surface of the shell, and the surface of the coating is covered or not covered with a top coating.
Preferably, the flame retardant, the foaming expanding agent and the carbon forming agent are combined to rapidly expand by more than 20 times at the high temperature of the fire so as to block the spread of the fire, and the fireproof escape time is provided for 30 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the thin coating layer with the thickness of 1-4mm is formed on the metal plate of the shell or an attached box body, when fire is met, under the high temperature of the flame, the flame retardant, the foaming expanding agent and the carbon forming agent in the coating component immediately expand to form a 20-80mm microporous spongy flame-retardant heat-insulating layer, the flame spread is effectively isolated, the purposes of fire prevention and fire prevention are achieved, the space in the shell is filled with the expansion, the supply of oxygen outside is blocked, the leakage of toxic smoke generated by flame combustion is reduced, and the problems that the heat-insulating flame-retardant function can be realized only by the thick heat-insulating flame-retardant composite felt layer in the prior art and the space of a lithium battery pack box body is limited are solved. The problem that the traditional heat-insulating and heat-preserving coating is not fireproof and can burn potential safety hazards per se is solved, the technology of integrating heat insulation, flame retardance and fire prevention is realized in the limited space of the battery pack box body, and the coating adopts a spraying, brushing or blade coating mode, so that the coating can be implemented in any space shape of the battery pack and a structural form of complex module arrangement in the battery pack;
the flame retardant capability of the coating is increased, and the flame retardant capability mainly comprises the following components: halogenated epoxy resins, halogenated polyesters, polyethers, organic phosphates, and the like. Many of the ingredients in a coating not only serve one function, but also serve a dual, or even triple, function. Such as chlorinated paraffin, is a foaming agent, a carbon forming agent and a flame retardant. The ammonium polyphosphate is a dehydration catalyst, a foaming agent and a flame retardant. With the chopped carbon fibers, the graphene and the carbon nanotubes, the strength of the fireproof coating and the strength of the expanded carbon layer are increased: the design thickness of the fireproof coating is related to the requirement of fireproof time, and is in positive correlation. In case of preventing instantaneous fire such as lithium battery and requiring a long time for fire prevention, it is necessary to install a reinforcing net. The main function of the reinforcing mesh is to enhance the strength of the carbonized layer after the fireproof coating is heated and expanded, and avoid the fireproof coating from falling off earlier after being heated. The construction is difficult due to the laying of the reinforcing mesh, and the coating process is complicated and inefficient. The chopped fibers are added, so that the coating can resist long-term temperature alternation in the normal application process and has better anti-cracking capability under the dry-wet alternation environment, and the carbon fibers have the capabilities of flame retardance and carbon nucleus formation, so that an expanded carbon layer has a more uniform and more compact mechanism and is not easy to fall off, and longer fire resistance is obtained.
The technology introduces the synergistic effect of the hollow microspheres and other components of the coating to provide the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation. Among all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest influence on the charge and discharge performance of lithium ion batteries. It can be seen that the performance of lithium ion batteries is affected by ambient temperature. The low temperature environment can reduce the activity of lithium ions, so that the internal resistance is increased, the discharge capacity of the battery is weakened, and the service time is shortened. If the time that the lithium ion battery is in a low-temperature environment is short, the capacity of the battery cannot be damaged. The optimum working temperature range of the normal-temperature lithium battery is 0-45 ℃. The hollow microsphere adopted in the invention has a heat insulation function on a coating, and the heat insulation function and the flame-retardant function of the organic halogenated epoxy resin, the flame-retardant functional filler and the like are provided in the using process of the lithium battery pack, and the flame-retardant and fireproof functions are realized in the case of fire. The invention designs the combination of large-particle-size hollow microspheres and small-particle-size hollow microspheres, and finds that: the compound heat conductivity coefficient is lower than that of a single kind of hollow glass beads, the heat insulation effect obtained by mixing two kinds of glass beads with the ratio of 3:1 is the best finally, and the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced to 0.06W/m.k.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides three embodiments:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell comprises a halogen load epoxy resin and amine cured film forming system 20%, a flame retardant 40%, a foaming expanding agent 5%, a char forming agent 15%, a carbon-based reinforcing filler 1% and hollow microspheres 1%, wherein the halogen load epoxy resin system is composed of a halogenated epoxy resin and chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin;
the halogenated epoxy resin in the halogen-loaded epoxy resin film is a film-forming resin system formed by combining tetrachlorobisphenol A type epoxy resin and chlorinated paraffin for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing performance.
The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree is more than or equal to 1000.
The foam expansion agent comprises melamine.
The carbon forming agent is pentaerythritol.
The carbon-based reinforcing filler is chopped carbon fibers with the length less than or equal to 1000 microns.
The hollow microspheres comprise hollow glass microspheres and are formed by combining two types of microspheres with particle size distribution according to a ratio of 3:1, wherein the diameter of the first type of micro-nano microspheres is 1-40 micrometers, and the diameter of the second type of micro-microspheres is 40-200 micrometers. .
The coating is coated on the surface of the inner plate or the metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell.
The coating is coated on the inner surface of a shell of a lithium battery, the inner surface of accessories, the thickness of the coating is 1-4mm, and the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft package aluminum plastic films.
The coating is coated on the outer surface of a shell and the outer surfaces of accessories of the lithium battery, the thickness of the coating is 1-6mm, the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft-package aluminum-plastic films, the coating covers a bottom coating combined with the surface of the shell, and the surface of the coating is covered with or not covered with a surface coating.
Wherein the flame retardant, the foaming expanding agent and the carbon forming agent are combined to quickly expand by more than 20 times at the high temperature of the fire so as to block the spread of the flame and provide the fire-proof escape time for 30 minutes.
The coating adopts the modes of spraying, brushing or blade coating, and can be implemented in any space shape of the battery pack and a structural form with complex module arrangement in the battery pack.
Example two:
a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell comprises 60% of a halogen load epoxy resin and amine cured film forming system, 15% of a flame retardant, 15% of a foaming expanding agent, 5% of a char forming agent, 3% of a carbon-based reinforcing filler and 10% of hollow microspheres, wherein the halogen load epoxy resin system is composed of a halogenated epoxy resin, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin;
the halogenated epoxy resin in the halogen-loaded epoxy resin film is a film-forming resin system formed by combining tetrabromobisphenol A type epoxy resin and chlorinated rubber for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing performance.
The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree is more than or equal to 1000.
The foaming expanding agent is melamine.
The carbon forming agent adopts dipentaerythritol.
The carbon-based reinforced filler is 5-10 graphene in lamellar form, and the carbon content is more than or equal to 95%.
The hollow microspheres comprise hollow ceramic microspheres and are formed by combining two types of microspheres with particle size distribution according to a ratio of 3:1, wherein the diameter of the first type of micro-nano microspheres is 1-40 micrometers, and the diameter of the second type of micro-microspheres is 40-200 micrometers.
The coating is coated on the surface of the inner plate or the metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell.
After the expansion type fireproof coating is formed into a film, the film is a common paint film at normal temperature. Under the action of flame or high temperature, the coating is expanded and carbonized to form a nonflammable spongy carbon layer with the thickness being several times to dozens of times larger than the original film thickness. Can isolate the external fire source and air to play a role in flame retardance.
The foaming expanding agent, the flame retardant and the carbon forming agent are used for combined action, and the foaming expanding agent can immediately expand in fire. A foamy char layer is formed to block an external heat source. Organic flame retardant such as polyphosphate and organic phosphate expands and carbonizes under the combined action of charring agent and foaming expanding agent to form spongy carbonized layer with very low heat conductivity, so as to block external heat source and delay combustion. The combustible materials are sealed by the flame-retardant or non-combustible coating material to avoid contacting with air. It is necessary to isolate the object to be protected from any form of heat propagation, such as the formation of intumescent insulation, polyphosphates, borates, boric acid, etc., which form a non-combustible viscous melt at high temperatures, cover the combustible material, isolate it from contact with air, and achieve flame retardancy.
Example three:
a heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for a lithium ion battery pack shell comprises a halogen load epoxy resin and amine cured film forming system 40%, a flame retardant 30%, a foaming expanding agent 10%, a char forming agent 10%, a carbon-based reinforcing filler 5% and hollow microspheres 5%, wherein the halogen load epoxy resin system is composed of halogenated epoxy resin and chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin;
the halogenated epoxy resin in the halogen-loaded epoxy resin film is a film-forming resin system formed by combining tetrachlorobisphenol A epoxy resin and chlorinated paraffin for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing performance.
The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree is more than or equal to 1000.
The foaming expanding agent is melamine.
The carbon forming agent is pentaerythritol.
The carbon-based reinforced filler is 5-10 graphene in lamellar form, and the carbon content is more than or equal to 95%.
The hollow microspheres comprise hollow ceramic microspheres and are formed by combining two types of microspheres with particle size distribution according to a ratio of 3:1, wherein the diameter of the first type of micro-nano microspheres is 1-40 micrometers, and the diameter of the second type of micro-microspheres is 40-200 micrometers.
The coating is coated on the surface of the inner plate or the metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell.
The flame retardant capability of the coating was increased in the above examples mainly: halogenated epoxy resins, halogenated polyesters, polyethers, organic phosphates, and the like. Many of the ingredients in a coating not only serve one function, but also serve a dual, or even triple, function. Such as chlorinated paraffin, is not only a foaming expanding agent but also a carbon forming agent, or a flame retardant. The ammonium polyphosphate is a dehydration catalyst, a foaming expanding agent and a flame retardant. Chopped carbon fibers, graphene and carbon nanotubes increase the strength of the fire-retardant coating and the strength of the expanded carbon layer: the design thickness of the fireproof coating is related to the requirement of fireproof time, and is in positive correlation. In case of preventing instantaneous fire such as lithium battery and requiring a long time for fire prevention, it is necessary to install a reinforcing net.
The main function of the reinforcing mesh is to enhance the strength of the carbonized layer after the fireproof coating is heated and expanded, and avoid the fireproof coating from falling off earlier after being heated. The reinforcing mesh is laid at a position generally half the designed film thickness of the fire retardant coating. The common reinforcing nets such as metal nets and non-metal nets have great construction difficulty due to the laying of the reinforcing nets and complicated and inefficient coating process. The chopped fibers are added, so that the coating can resist long-term temperature alternation in the normal application process and has better anti-cracking capability under the environment of dry-wet alternation, and the carbon fibers have the capabilities of flame retardance and carbon nucleus formation, so that an expanded carbon layer has a more uniform and more compact mechanism, and longer fire resistance is obtained.
The technology introduces the synergistic effect of the hollow microspheres and other components of the coating, and provides the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation. The normal optimal use temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is between 0 ℃ and 45 ℃; the performance of the lithium ion battery with the lithium iron phosphate formula at different temperatures is obviously reduced after the lithium ion battery is subjected to multiple cycles, and the performance can be seen as a very destructive performance attenuation factor under the control of variables at low temperature and high temperature. Among all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest influence on the charge and discharge performance of lithium ion batteries. It can be seen that the performance of lithium ion batteries is affected by ambient temperature. The low temperature environment can reduce the activity of lithium ions, so that the internal resistance is increased, the discharge capacity of the battery is weakened, and the service time is shortened. If the time that the lithium ion battery is in a low-temperature environment is short, the capacity of the battery cannot be damaged. The hollow microspheres have the flame-retardant and fireproof functions under the synergistic effect of the coating, the organic halogenated epoxy resin with the flame-retardant function, the filler with the flame-retardant function and the like according to GB/T10295-2008; ASTM C447 can reduce the thermal conductivity to 0.06W/m.k.
The working principle of the technology is as follows: a thin coating layer 1-4mm is formed on a metal plate of the shell or an attached box body, when fire is met, the thin coating layer is immediately expanded to form a 20-80mm microporous spongy flame-retardant heat-insulating layer, flame spread is effectively isolated, the purposes of fire prevention and fire prevention are achieved, the space in the shell is filled with the expansion, the supply of oxygen outside is blocked, the leakage of toxic smoke generated by flame combustion is reduced, and the problems that the existing heat-insulating flame-retardant composite felt layer needs to be thick to achieve the heat-insulating flame-retardant function and the lithium battery pack box body has a limited space are solved. The coating is non-combustible, non-conductive, non-corrosive, safe and environment-friendly, extremely light in weight, reliable in performance and reasonable in cost, and can be widely applied to fire prevention and extinguishment in the processes of production, storage, transportation and use of lithium batteries. The fire prevention and extinguishing principle is as follows: when a fire disaster happens, the fire-resistant cable rapidly expands by more than 20 times, isolates oxygen, smothers, extinguishes fire, absorbs heat and cools, improves the fireproof performance, improves the escape time, is a solution realized by the technology, and can increase the escape time to 30 minutes from 5 minutes specified in the current GB8384-2020 electric automobile safety requirement and resist the fire flame of 1200 ℃. The escape time is 30 minutes, so that the death probability of spontaneous combustion of the new energy automobile is greatly reduced. Other effects of the coating of the technology are as follows:
the hydrophobic rate of the material is more than or equal to 98 percent (GB/T10299-2011)
Combustion class A (GB 8624-
In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also made experiments with other materials, process operations, and process conditions described in the present specification with reference to the above examples, and have obtained preferable results.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell is characterized in that: the halogen-based load epoxy resin coating comprises 20-60% of halogen-based load epoxy resin and amine cured film forming system, 15-40% of flame retardant, 5-15% of foaming expanding agent, 5-15% of carbonizing agent, 1-5% of carbon-based reinforcing filler and 1-10% of hollow microsphere, wherein the halogen-based load epoxy resin system is composed of halogenated epoxy resin and chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride or chlorinated paraffin;
the coating is coated on the surface of the inner plate or the metal outer plate of the lithium battery pack shell.
2. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the halogenated epoxy resin in the halogen-group loaded epoxy resin film is a film-forming resin system formed by combining tetrachlorobisphenol A epoxy resin or tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin with one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resin, chlorinated polyester, polyvinylidene chloride and chlorinated paraffin for improving the flame-retardant self-extinguishing performance.
3. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flame retardant comprises one or the combination of more than two of polyphosphate, organic phosphate, ammonium borate and ammonium sulfate, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree is 1000 or more.
4. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foaming expanding agent comprises any one or the combination of more than two of melamine, dicyandiamide, ammonium carbonate and azo compounds.
5. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon forming agent is formed by one or the combination of more than two of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, ethylene glycol and 1, 2-propylene glycol.
6. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon-based reinforcing filler is formed by combining one or more than two of chopped carbon fibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphite micro-sheets, the graphene is preferred, the sheet layer is 5-10, the carbon content is more than or equal to 95 percent, the chopped carbon fibers are further preferred, and the length is less than or equal to 1000 micrometers.
7. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow microspheres comprise any one or the combination of more than two of hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres and closed-cell expanded perlite; the hollow micro-bead is formed by combining two micro-beads with particle size distribution, wherein the diameter of the first micro-nano micro-bead is 1-40 microns, and the diameter of the second micro-bead is 40-200 microns.
8. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coating is coated on the inner surface of a shell of a lithium battery, the inner surface of accessories, the thickness of the coating is 1-4mm, and the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft package aluminum plastic films.
9. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coating is coated on the outer surface of a shell and the outer surfaces of accessories of the lithium battery, the thickness of the coating is 1-6mm, the shell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel base materials and soft-package aluminum-plastic films, the coating covers a bottom coating combined with the surface of the shell, and the surface of the coating is covered with or not covered with a surface coating.
10. The heat-insulating flame-retardant fireproof coating material for the lithium ion battery pack shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: wherein the flame retardant, the foaming expanding agent and the carbon forming agent are combined to quickly expand by more than 20 times at the high temperature of the fire so as to block the spread of the flame and provide the fire-proof escape time for 30 minutes.
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