CN114889295B - 一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料及其制备方法,包括基层面料,所述基层面料上均匀分布有若干个穿孔,所述穿孔内部设有加固构件,所述穿孔腰部通过加固构件收缩呈中部收紧状,所述基层面料上下表面以及若干个穿孔内部涂覆和填充有粘合剂形成粘合层,所述粘合层上表面粘合有支撑层,所述支撑层上表面设有耐磨层,所述粘合层下面粘合有防绒层。本发明通过以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔并于穿孔内缝制加固构件,从而提高合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,而后通过粘合层粘合支撑层和防绒层,并在支撑层上表面制备得到湿法聚氨酯人造革,进一步地提高合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于合成革面料技术领域,具体涉及一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
合成革在质感和外观上更趋近于天然革,而且还有着优异的透气性,合成革光泽美观,质量较轻,具有一定的防水性,吸水后不易膨胀,因此被广泛应用于各个领域中。
但现有技术中的合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能较差,因此需要发明一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种结构简单,设计合理的一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料及其制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的:
一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料,包括基层面料,所述基层面料上均匀分布有若干个穿孔,所述穿孔内部设有加固构件,所述穿孔腰部通过加固构件收缩呈中部收紧状,所述基层面料上下表面以及若干个穿孔内部涂覆和填充有粘合剂形成粘合层,所述粘合层上表面粘合有支撑层,所述支撑层上表面设有耐磨层,所述粘合层下面粘合有防绒层;
所述加固构件包括第一缝制线和第二缝制线,所述第一缝制线和第二缝制线延伸入穿孔内部并相互交叉后从穿孔腰部位置两侧的基层面料内部穿过,所述第一缝制线和第二缝制线再次相互交叉后延伸出穿孔,相互交叉的第一缝制线和第二缝制线分别从基层面料上表面穿行至基层面料下表面,所述第一缝制线和第二缝制线的尾端分别缠绕固定在自身的首端。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,所述基层面料为干法聚氨酯人造革,所述基层面料中聚氨酯树脂含量为56%~86%,所述基层面料厚度为0.12~0.38mm。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,所述支撑层由棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织而成的网格状的布料。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,所述耐磨层为湿法聚氨酯人造革。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,所述防绒层为防绒布。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,所述第一缝制线与第二缝制线由棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织而成的纤维线。
一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取干法聚氨酯人造革,以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,通过穿孔设备在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔。
步骤二:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织成纤维线,取两根纤维线,将两根纤维线交叉,通过穿行针带两根纤维线在穿孔内穿行,行至穿孔腰部位置处,通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革内穿过,并将穿出干法聚氨酯人造革的两根纤维线再次交叉后延伸出穿孔,抽紧两根纤维线,令穿孔腰部呈收紧状,而后通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革上表面穿行至干法聚氨酯人造革下表面,然后将两根纤维线的尾端缠绕绑定在纤维线自身的首端,每一个穿孔均重复上述动作。
步骤三:取粘合剂填充入穿孔内,并涂覆在干法聚氨酯人造革的上下表面上,填充和涂覆次数为3~5次,每次填充和涂覆间隔时长为3~5min,每次填充和涂覆后,需使用震动设备带动干法聚氨酯人造革横向震动和纵向震动,每次横向震动和纵向震动时间均为5~10min,填充和涂覆完成后静置30~40min,然后通过干燥设备干燥后形成粘合层。
步骤四:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织成网格布。
步骤五:将网格布平铺在粘合层上表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成支撑层,将防绒布平铺在粘合层下表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成防绒层。
步骤六:通过湿法聚氨酯人造革加工工艺在支撑层上表面制备得到湿法聚氨酯人造革,以此形成耐磨层。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,在步骤一中,干法聚氨酯人造革的厚度为0.12~0.38mm,穿孔的分布密度为100~200个/cm2。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案,在步骤三中,震动频率为2000~4200次/min。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1)本发明通过以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔并于穿孔内缝制加固构件,从而提高合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,而后通过粘合层粘合支撑层和防绒层,并在支撑层上表面制备得到湿法聚氨酯人造革,以此形成耐磨层,进一步地提高合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能;
2)本发明在穿孔内填充粘合剂以及在基层面料上下表面涂覆粘合剂后,通过震动设备带动基层面料横向震动和纵向震动,从而排出粘合剂中的气泡,进一步地提高合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图;
图2是本发明的图1的A部结构放大图;
图3是本发明的加固构件的正视图;
图中:1、基层面料;2、粘合层;3、支撑层;4、耐磨层;5、防绒层;6、穿孔;7、加固构件;71、第一缝制线;72、第二缝制线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步详细描述,有必要在此指出的是,以下具体实施方式只用于对本申请进行进一步的说明,不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制,该领域的技术人员可以根据上述申请内容对本申请作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
如图1-3所示,一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料,包括基层面料1,所述基层面料1上均匀分布有若干个穿孔6,所述穿孔6内部设有加固构件7,所述穿孔6腰部通过加固构件7收缩呈中部收紧状,所述基层面料1上下表面以及若干个穿孔6内部涂覆和填充有粘合剂形成粘合层2,所述粘合层2上表面粘合有支撑层3,所述支撑层3上表面设有耐磨层4,所述粘合层2下面粘合有防绒层5;
所述加固构件7包括第一缝制线71和第二缝制线72,所述第一缝制线71和第二缝制线72延伸入穿孔6内部并相互交叉后从穿孔6腰部位置两侧的基层面料1内部穿过,所述第一缝制线71和第二缝制线72再次相互交叉后延伸出穿孔6,相互交叉的第一缝制线71和第二缝制线72分别从基层面料1上表面穿行至基层面料1下表面,所述第一缝制线71和第二缝制线72的尾端分别缠绕固定在自身的首端。
所述基层面料1为干法聚氨酯人造革,所述基层面料1中聚氨酯树脂含量为56%~86%,所述基层面料1厚度为0.12~0.38mm。
所述支撑层3由棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织而成的网格状的布料。
所述耐磨层4为湿法聚氨酯人造革。
所述防绒层5为防绒布。
所述第一缝制线71与第二缝制线72由棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织而成的纤维线。
一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取厚度为0.12mm的干法聚氨酯人造革,以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,通过穿孔设备在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔,穿孔的分布密度为100个/cm2。
步骤二:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织成纤维线,取两根纤维线,将两根纤维线交叉,通过穿行针带两根纤维线在穿孔内穿行,行至穿孔腰部位置处,通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革内穿过,并将穿出干法聚氨酯人造革的两根纤维线再次交叉后延伸出穿孔,抽紧两根纤维线,令穿孔腰部呈收紧状,而后通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革上表面穿行至干法聚氨酯人造革下表面,然后将两根纤维线的尾端缠绕绑定在纤维线自身的首端,每一个穿孔均重复上述动作。
步骤三:取粘合剂填充入穿孔内,并涂覆在干法聚氨酯人造革的上下表面上,填充和涂覆次数为3~5次,每次填充和涂覆间隔时长为3~5min,每次填充和涂覆后,需使用震动设备带动干法聚氨酯人造革横向震动和纵向震动,每次横向震动和纵向震动时间均为5~10min,震动频率为2000次/min,填充和涂覆完成后静置30~40min,然后通过干燥设备干燥后形成粘合层。
步骤四:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织成网格布。
步骤五:将网格布平铺在粘合层上表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成支撑层,将防绒布平铺在粘合层下表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成防绒层。
步骤六:通过湿法聚氨酯人造革加工工艺在支撑层上表面制备得到湿法聚氨酯人造革,以此形成耐磨层。
实施例2
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤一中,取厚度为0.26mm的干法聚氨酯人造革,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤一中,取厚度为0.38mm的干法聚氨酯人造革,其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例1-3,每组合成革面料数量20个,单个合成革面料的长宽规格为100mm×100mm,在温度(23士2)℃和相对湿度(50士10)%的环境下,进行合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能测试,测试结果如表1:
表1
实验结论:以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,干法聚氨酯人造革的厚度会影响合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,如实施例1,干法聚氨酯人造革厚度较薄时,合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能均较差,干法聚氨酯人造革厚度过厚时,反而会大幅度降低合成革面料的耐磨性能,因此实施例2为最优实施例。
实施例4
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤一中,穿孔的分布密度为150个/cm2,其余步骤同实施例2。
实施例5
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤一中,穿孔的分布密度为200个/cm2,其余步骤同实施例2。
实施例2、实施例4和实施例5,每组合成革面料数量20个,单个合成革面料的长宽规格为100mm×100mm,在温度(23士2)℃和相对湿度(50士10)%的环境下,进行合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能测试,测试结果如表2:
表2
实验结论:在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔,再将每个穿孔内均缝制形成加固构件,穿孔和加固构件的分布密度会影响合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,穿孔和加固构件的密度较小时,合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能均较差,穿孔和加固构件的密度过大时,反而会大幅度降低合成革面料横向的拉伸负荷,从而使合成革面料的抗撕裂性能下降,因此实施例4为最优实施例。
实施例6
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤三中,震动频率为2750次/min,其余步骤同实施例4。
实施例7
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤三中,震动频率为3500次/min,其余步骤同实施例4。
实施例8
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
除步骤三中,震动频率为4200次/min,其余步骤同实施例4。
实施例4和实施例6-8,每组合成革面料数量20个,单个合成革面料的长宽规格为100mm×100mm,在温度(23士2)℃和相对湿度(50士10)%的环境下,进行合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能测试,测试结果如表3:
表3
实验结论:在每一个穿孔内均缝制形成加固构件后,在穿孔内填充粘合剂,在基层面料上下表面涂覆粘合剂,填充和涂覆分为多次,在每次填充和涂覆后,通过横向震动和纵向震动排出粘合剂中的气体,减少气泡的数量,粘合剂中气泡含量多少,影响着合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,震动频率较低时,气泡排出效果较差,致使粘合剂中气泡含量较多,而震动频率过高时,在震动过程中会令粘合剂间产生新的气泡,也会致使粘合剂中气泡含量较多,因此实施例6为最优实施例。
对比例1
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将步骤二删除,步骤一完成后,直接进行步骤三的操作,其余步骤同实施例6。
对比例2
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将步骤一中,厚度为0.26mm的干法聚氨酯人造革替换为厚度为0.26mm无纺布,其余步骤同实施例6。
对比例3
本实施例中,耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将步骤三替换为取粘合剂填充入穿孔内,并涂覆在干法聚氨酯人造革的上下表面上,填充和涂覆次数为3~5次,每次填充和涂覆间隔时长为3~5min,填充和涂覆完成后静置30~40min,然后通过干燥设备干燥后形成粘合层,其余步骤同实施例6。
实施例6和实施例1-3,每组合成革面料数量20个,单个合成革面料的长宽规格为100mm×100mm,在温度(23士2)℃和相对湿度(50士10)%的环境下,进行合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能测试,测试结果如表4:
表4
实验结论:根据实施例6和对比例1的实验数据相比较,若不在每个穿孔中缝制形成加固件,会大大削弱合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,而实施例6和对比例2的实验数据相比较,使用无纺布充当基层面料,也会令合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能大幅降低,而在穿孔内填充粘合剂以及在基层面料上下表面涂覆粘合剂后,没有通过横向震动和纵向震动排出粘合剂中的气泡也会降低合成革面料的抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料,其特征在于:包括基层面料(1),所述基层面料(1)上均匀分布有若干个穿孔(6),所述穿孔(6)内部设有加固构件(7),所述穿孔(6)腰部通过加固构件(7)收缩呈中部收紧状,所述基层面料(1)上下表面以及若干个穿孔(6)内部涂覆和填充有粘合剂形成粘合层(2),所述粘合层(2)上表面粘合有支撑层(3),所述支撑层(3)上表面设有耐磨层(4),所述粘合层(2)下面粘合有防绒层(5);
所述加固构件(7)包括第一缝制线(71)和第二缝制线(72),所述第一缝制线(71)和第二缝制线(72)延伸入穿孔(6)内部并相互交叉后从穿孔(6)腰部位置两侧的基层面料(1)内部穿过,所述第一缝制线(71)和第二缝制线(72)再次相互交叉后延伸出穿孔(6),相互交叉的第一缝制线(71)和第二缝制线(72)分别从基层面料(1)上表面穿行至基层面料(1)下表面,所述第一缝制线(71)和第二缝制线(72)的尾端分别缠绕固定在自身的首端;
所述基层面料(1)为干法聚氨酯人造革,所述基层面料(1)中聚氨酯树脂含量为56%~86%,所述基层面料(1)厚度为0.12~0.38mm;
所述耐磨层(4)为湿法聚氨酯人造革;
所述第一缝制线(71)与第二缝制线(72)由棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织而成的纤维线;
所述穿孔(6)的分布密度为100~200个/cm²。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料,其特征在于:所述支撑层(3)由棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织而成的网格状的布料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料,其特征在于:所述防绒层(5)为防绒布。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取干法聚氨酯人造革,以干法聚氨酯人造革为基层面料,通过穿孔设备在干法聚氨酯人造革上打出穿孔;
步骤二:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、碳纤维、聚乙烯纤维按照质量比8.5:0.3:1.2纺织成纤维线,取两根纤维线,将两根纤维线交叉,通过穿行针带两根纤维线在穿孔内穿行,行至穿孔腰部位置处,通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革内穿过,并将穿出干法聚氨酯人造革的两根纤维线再次交叉后延伸出穿孔,抽紧两根纤维线,令穿孔腰部呈收紧状,而后通过穿行针带两根纤维线分别从穿孔两侧的干法聚氨酯人造革上表面穿行至干法聚氨酯人造革下表面,然后将两根纤维线的尾端缠绕绑定在纤维线自身的首端,每一个穿孔均重复上述动作;
步骤三:取粘合剂填充入穿孔内,并涂覆在干法聚氨酯人造革的上下表面上,填充和涂覆次数为3~5次,每次填充和涂覆间隔时长为3~5min,每次填充和涂覆后,需使用震动设备带动干法聚氨酯人造革横向震动和纵向震动,每次横向震动和纵向震动时间均为5~10min,填充和涂覆完成后静置30~40min,然后通过干燥设备干燥后形成粘合层;
步骤四:通过纺织设备将棉纤维、羊毛纤维、亚麻纤维、天丝纤维、竹纤维按照质量比3.7:2.6:1.5:0.8:1.4纺织成网格布;
步骤五:将网格布平铺在粘合层上表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成支撑层,将防绒布平铺在粘合层下表面并通过热压辊热压定型后形成防绒层;
步骤六:通过湿法聚氨酯人造革加工工艺在支撑层上表面制备得到湿法聚氨酯人造革,以此形成耐磨层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的耐磨抗撕裂合成革面料的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤三中,震动频率为2000~4200次/min。
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