CN114888381B - Pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device and method, belonging to the technical field of electrolytic processing. The device includes a machine tool body, an electrolytic processing control system, an electrolyte supply system, a Z-direction reciprocating motion device, Working electrode system, workpiece clamping system and electrolytic processing pulse power supply, the working electrode system includes cathode sheet, cathode body, micro-textured manufacturing micro-cathode array, left cylinder, right cylinder and cylinder push rod, the method is one-step nesting processing by pulse electrolysis Blades and their surface micro-textures, the present invention improves the collaborative design method of cathode sheets and cathode bodies for electrolytic machining, and uses the combination of cathode sheets and cathode bodies to realize the processing of equal cross-section blade contours and the surface of the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade The manufacture of the micro-texture realizes the processing of the whole blade and the in-situ manufacture of the micro-texture on the surface of the blade through the same electrolytic equipment, and the invention has a significant effect on improving the surface quality and service performance of the blade.

Description

Pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic processing, and in particular relates to a pulse electrolytic one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device and method.

Background technique

Electrolytic machining can process a variety of difficult-to-machine conductive materials, and its anode corrosion mechanism determines the protection of the working cathode. Therefore, it can realize the manufacture of large-scale parts without replacing the working cathode. Electrolytic machining technology is one of the important technologies for non-contact manufacturing, non-recast layer manufacturing, and non-mechanical stress manufacturing. It is widely used in aerospace and deep-sea exploration and other fields. The blade is the core component of an aero-engine. Electrolytic nesting machining is a form of electrolytic machining aimed at the manufacture of a single blade with equal cross-section. Electrolytic machining does not have cutting force and is more suitable for the manufacture of thin-walled parts such as blades. It has significant advantages in one-time forming, eliminating cutting force, improving machining accuracy and surface integrity. Since the invention of electrolytic nesting processing technology, the academic and engineering circles have carried out a large number of research work on the overall blade processing and forming equipment and technology, and it has been practically applied in the manufacture of difficult-to-process conductive materials.

The manufacturing methods of surface micro-texture mainly include: reactive ion etching technology, embossing technology, laser surface texturing technology, grinding processing, elliptical vibration assisted cutting processing technology, etc. Among them, the laser processing technology is simple to operate, high in processing accuracy and fast in speed. Fast, the most widely used method for preparing surface textures. However, most of the above technologies require secondary processing. Making the surface texture on the blade basin and the blade back of the overall blade has significant advantages such as reducing drag and friction, reducing noise and flutter, and increasing aerodynamic performance. At present, the surface texture of the blade can be manufactured by CNC five-axis milling, but this technology still has cutting stress. The micro-texture is directly produced on the forming surface by electrolytic machining, which can be processed along the shape without cutting force, and the purpose of surface texture production can be achieved.

Through the analysis, it can be seen that a new technical solution is urgently needed in the existing technology to solve the problem of direct integral forming of thin-walled blades and efficient processing of the surface texture of the leading edge and trailing edge.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problem of direct integral forming of thin-walled blades and the efficient processing of the surface texture of the leading edge and trailing edge, a pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device are provided and method, by transforming the cathode of the electrolytic nesting process, the problem of integrated processing of the overall forming of the blade and the surface micro-texture is solved, the cumulative error problem caused by the secondary clamping is effectively solved, and the manufacturing efficiency of the integrated blade is effectively improved. An effective way is provided for the manufacture of difficult-to-machine conductive material blades. The combination of the cathode sheet and the cathode body realizes the machining of equal-section blade contours and the fabrication of the micro-textures on the blade leading edge and trailing edge surface. The invention has remarkable effect on improving the surface quality and service performance of the blade.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device, said device includes machine tool body, electrolytic processing control system, electrolyte supply system, Z-direction reciprocating motion device , working electrode system, workpiece clamping system and electrolytic processing pulse power supply. The machine tool body includes a flat worktable and a vertical vertical plate. The vertical vertical plate is fixedly installed on one side of the flat worktable, and the two are vertically arranged; the electrolyte supply system Fixedly installed on the vertical vertical plate and connected with the electrolytic processing control system; the Z-direction reciprocating motion device is connected with the electrolytic processing control system; the working electrode system is connected with the electrolytic processing control system, and the working electrode system is installed on the Z-direction reciprocating motion device The lower part of the Z-direction reciprocating motion device realizes the regular reciprocating movement of the working electrode system along the Z-axis direction as a whole, the workpiece clamping system is used to clamp the anode workpiece, and the workpiece clamping system is located directly below the working electrode system; it is characterized in that:

The working electrode system includes a cathode sheet, a cathode body, a micro-cathode array made of micro-texture, a left cylinder, a right cylinder, and a cylinder push rod. The cathode sheet is connected to the negative pole of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply, and the cathode sheet is matched by a screw and a nut. Installed on the bottom surface of the cathode body, the middle part of the cathode sheet is provided with a molding hole with the same contour as the anode workpiece, and the molding hole is a through hole; the cathode body has a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity and the molding hole in the middle of the cathode sheet Corresponding positions, the cavity walls on both sides of the hollow cavity of the cathode body are provided with array holes matching the array copper pillars in the micro-textured micro-cathode array, and the array holes are through holes; the micro-textured micro-cathode The number of cathode arrays is two, and the two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the cathode body. Each micro-textured micro-cathode array includes a substrate, and the substrate is provided with an array of copper arrays arranged in an array. column, and the array copper column is connected to the negative pole of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply; the left cylinder and the right cylinder are respectively electrically connected to the electrolytic machining control system, the number of cylinder push rods is two, and the front ends of the two cylinder push rods are respectively connected to the left cylinder , the right cylinder connection, the ends of the two cylinder push rods are respectively installed on the side of the substrate facing away from the cathode body of the two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays, and the two cylinder push rods are respectively driven by the left cylinder and the right cylinder, so that The array copper pillars on the two micro-texture-manufactured micro-cathode arrays can reciprocate along the corresponding array holes on the cavity wall of the cathode body.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the column diameter of the arrayed copper columns is 1 mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the workpiece clamping system includes a turntable, a conversion head and a clamping seat, the turntable is installed on the flat workbench through bolts, the conversion head is installed on the turntable through bolts; the bottom surface of the clamping seat is installed on the conversion head Above, the clamping seat is used to clamp and fix the anode workpiece.

The pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture method is characterized in that the method utilizes the pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device to simultaneously process the blade profile and the blade surface micro-texture, It specifically includes the following steps, and the following steps are carried out in sequence:

Step 1. Prepare the anode workpiece to be processed, and turn on the power of the device;

Step 2, installing the cathode sheet on the cathode body, and connecting it to the negative electrode of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply, and simultaneously connecting the array copper columns in the micro-cathode array manufactured by the microtexture to the negative electrode of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply;

Step 3, install the anode workpiece on the workpiece clamping system, and connect it to the positive pole of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply;

Step 4. Adjust the position of the Z-direction reciprocating motion device through the electrolytic machining control system, and set the initial machining gap between the cathode sheet and the anode workpiece to be 0.5 mm;

Step 5. Set the processing parameters in the electrolytic processing control system. The processing voltage applied between the working electrode system and the anode workpiece is 16V, the feed speed of the Z-direction reciprocating motion device is 0.3mm/min, and the electrolyte pressure is 300kPa. Electrolytic machining of workpiece nesting;

Step 6. After the contour of the anode workpiece is processed, the bottom surface of the anode workpiece is finished;

Step 7. After the finish machining is completed, control the left cylinder and the right cylinder to push the two cylinder push rods, so that the two cylinder push rods drive the micro-textured micro-cathode arrays on the left and right sides to move relative to each other, gradually approaching the front of the anode workpiece Edge and trailing edge, micro-textured manufacturing micro-cathode array array copper pillars extend into the cathode body 50 μm beyond the inner surface of the cathode for processing;

Step 8. Process the surface micro-texture of the processed anode workpiece. After the surface micro-texture processing of the anode workpiece is completed, control the left cylinder and the right cylinder to pull back the two cylinder push rods, so that the micro-texture on the left and right sides Manufacture the micro-cathode array away from the surface of the leading edge and trailing edge of the anode workpiece; return the Z-direction reciprocating motion device to zero, and turn off the power of the device.

Through the above design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

1. Expand the processing range of general electrolysis equipment and improve the processing efficiency of machine tools.

2. Through the same electrolysis equipment, the overall blade processing and the in-situ manufacturing of the blade surface micro-texture are realized, which solves the problem of integrated blade overall forming and surface micro-texture processing, and effectively solves the cumulative error problem caused by the secondary clamping, effectively Improve the manufacturing efficiency of integrated blades.

3. Improve the collaborative design method of the cathode sheet and cathode body for electrolytic processing used in a complete set, and use the combination of the cathode sheet and the cathode body to realize the processing of the contour of the blade with equal cross-section and the manufacture of the micro-texture on the surface of the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade. The present invention It has a significant effect on improving the surface quality and service performance of the blade.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing description and specific embodiment:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the state when the surface micro-texture device is not working;

Figure 4 is the working state of the surface micro-texture device.

In the figure: 1-machine tool body, 2-Z reciprocating motion device, 3-working electrode system, 4-anode workpiece, 5-workpiece clamping system, 6-electrolytic machining pulse power supply, 101-plane workbench, 102-vertical Vertical plate, 301-cathode sheet, 302-cathode body, 303-micro-textured micro-cathode array, 304-left cylinder, 305-right cylinder, 306-cylinder push rod, 501-turntable, 502-transfer head, 503- Holder.

Detailed ways

In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art. The content specifically described below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. In order to avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, procedures, procedures and components have not been described in detail.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the pulse electrolytic one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device include a machine tool body 1, an electrolytic machining control system, an electrolyte supply system, and a Z direction Reciprocating motion device 2, working electrode system 3, workpiece clamping system 5 and electrolytic machining pulse power supply 6, the machine tool body 1 includes a plane workbench 101 and a vertical vertical plate 102, and the vertical vertical plate 102 is fixedly installed on one side of the plane workbench 101 , and the two are vertically arranged to ensure high-precision processing effect; the electrolyte supply system is fixedly installed on the vertical vertical plate 102, and is connected with the electrolytic processing control system; the Z-direction reciprocating motion device 2 is connected with the electrolytic processing control system, The working electrode system 3 is connected to the electrolytic machining control system, and the working electrode system 3 is installed on the lower part of the Z-direction reciprocating device 2, and the working electrode system 3 is regularly reciprocated along the Z-axis direction through the Z-direction reciprocating device 2 , the workpiece clamping system 5 is used to clamp the anode workpiece 4 , and the workpiece clamping system 5 is located below the working electrode system 3 . The electrolyte supply system and electrolytic processing control system not shown in the figure belong to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

The working electrode system 3 moves along with the movement of the reciprocating device 2 in the Z direction; the working electrode system 3 includes a cathode sheet 301, a cathode body 302, a micro-textured micro-cathode array 303, a left cylinder 304, a right cylinder 305 and a cylinder Push rod 306, cathode sheet 301 middle part is provided with the molding hole identical with the profile of anode workpiece 4, and described molding hole is through hole, and the molding hole that offers on cathode sheet 301 can realize the contour processing of anode workpiece 4, and cathode body 302 has Hollow cavity, as the processing height of the anode workpiece 4 increases, the processed area of the anode workpiece 4 enters the hollow cavity of the cathode body 302; wherein the cathode piece 301 is mounted on the cathode body 302 through a screw and a nut. On the lower bottom surface of the cathode body 302, the cavity walls on both sides of the hollow cavity are provided with array holes matching the array copper pillars in the micro-textured micro-cathode array 303, and the number of micro-textured micro-cathode arrays 303 is Two, two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays 303 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the cathode body 302, each micro-textured micro-cathode array 303 includes a substrate, and the substrate is provided with an array of copper pillars arranged in an array. The column diameter of the copper column is 1 mm, and the array copper column of the micro-cathode array 303 made of micro-texture can reciprocate along the array hole of the cathode body 302 cavity wall under the action of external force; the number of cylinder push rods 306 is two, The two cylinder push rods 306 are respectively used as the executive parts of the left cylinder 304 and the right cylinder 305, and the ends of the cylinder push rods 306 are installed on the side of the substrate of the micro-cathode array 303 made of micro-texture facing away from the cathode body 302, so that the left The power of the cylinder 304 and the right cylinder 305 is transmitted to the micro-textured micro-cathode array 303 . The left cylinder 304 and the right cylinder 305 control the telescopic movement of the cylinder push rod 306 to push the micro-texture manufacturing micro-cathode array 303 to move along the array holes in the cavity wall of the cathode body 302 .

The workpiece clamping system 5 includes a turntable 501, a conversion head 502 and a clamping seat 503. The turntable 501 is directly installed on the plane workbench 1 through bolts, and the conversion head 502 is installed on the turntable 501 through bolts to realize the anode workpieces of different shapes. 4, the bottom surface of the clamping seat 503 is installed on the conversion head 502, and the anode workpiece 4 is installed and fixed on the clamping seat 503 by clamping.

The working method of the pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device adopts the pulse electrolysis method to process the blade contour and the blade surface micro-texture simultaneously, including the following steps, and the following steps are carried out in sequence:

Step 1. Check the working environment, prepare the anode workpiece 4 to be processed, clean it with an ultrasonic cleaner, turn on the power of the device, and check whether each part of the device is normal;

Step 2, install the cathode sheet 301 on the cathode body 302, and connect it to the negative electrode of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply 6, and connect the array copper column in the micro-cathode array 303 made of micro-texture to the negative electrode of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply 6;

Step 3, install the anode workpiece 4 on the clamping seat 503, and connect it with the positive pole of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply 6;

Step 4, adjust the Z-direction reciprocating motion device 2 through the electrolytic machining control system, and set the initial machining gap between the cathode sheet 301 and the anode workpiece 4 to be 0.5mm;

Step 5. Set the processing parameters in the electrolytic processing control system. The processing voltage applied between the working electrode system 3 and the anode workpiece 4 is 16V, the feed speed of the Z-direction reciprocating device 2 is 0.3mm/min, and the electrolyte pressure is 300kPa , carry out the electrolytic processing of the anode workpiece 4 sets of materials;

Step 6: After the contour processing of the anode workpiece 4 is completed, the bottom surface of the anode workpiece 4 is finished to make it meet the precision requirements;

Step 7. Push the left cylinder 304 and the right cylinder 305 in the working electrode system 3 to push the cylinder push rod 306, forcing the micro-textured micro-cathode arrays 303 on the left and right sides to move relative to each other, gradually approaching the front and rear edges of the anode workpiece 4 , the micro-textured micro-cathode array 303 protrudes from the cathode body 302 beyond the inner surface of the cathode body 302 by 50 μm for processing;

Step 8: Carry out surface micro-texture processing on the processed and formed anode workpiece 4. After the surface micro-texture processing of the anode workpiece 4 is completed, control the left cylinder 304 and the right cylinder 305 to pull back the cylinder push rod 306, forcing the micro-textures on the left and right sides to Fabricate the micro-cathode array 303 away from the front and rear surfaces of the anode workpiece 4; return the Z-direction reciprocating device 2 to zero, and turn off the power of the device.

To sum up, the present invention provides a pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device and method, by transforming the cathode of electrolytic nesting processing, it solves the problem of integrated processing of blade integral forming and surface micro-texture, It effectively solves the cumulative error problem caused by the secondary clamping, effectively improves the manufacturing efficiency of the integrated blade, and provides an effective way for the manufacture of difficult-to-machine conductive material blades.

Claims (4)

1. Pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device, said device includes machine tool body (1), electrolytic processing control system, electrolyte supply system, Z-direction reciprocating motion device (2), working electrode system ( 3), the workpiece clamping system (5) and the electrolytic machining pulse power supply (6), the machine tool body (1) includes a plane workbench (101) and a vertical vertical plate (102), and the vertical vertical plate (102) is fixedly installed on the plane work One side of the platform (101), and the two are vertically arranged; the electrolyte supply system is fixedly installed on the vertical vertical plate (102), and is connected with the electrolytic machining control system; the Z-direction reciprocating motion device (2) is connected with the electrolytic machining control system System connection; the working electrode system (3) is connected with the electrolytic processing control system, the working electrode system (3) is installed on the bottom of the Z-direction reciprocating device (2), and the working electrode system is realized by the Z-direction reciprocating device (2). (3) The whole reciprocates regularly along the Z-axis direction, the workpiece clamping system (5) is used to clamp the anode workpiece (4), and the workpiece clamping system (5) is located directly below the working electrode system (3); it is characterized in that : The working electrode system (3) includes a cathode sheet (301), a cathode body (302), a micro-textured micro-cathode array (303), a left cylinder (304), a right cylinder (305) and a cylinder push rod (306) , the cathode sheet (301) is connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic processing pulse power supply (6), the cathode sheet (301) is installed on the lower bottom surface of the cathode body (302) through a screw and a nut, and the middle part of the cathode sheet (301) is provided with a The anode workpiece (4) has a molding hole with the same profile, and the molding hole is a through hole; the cathode body (302) has a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity corresponds to the position of the molding hole in the middle of the cathode sheet (301), and the cathode body The cavity walls on both sides of the hollow cavity of (302) are provided with array holes matched with the array copper pillars in the micro-cathode array (303) manufactured by the micro-texture, and the array holes are through holes; the micro-texture manufacturing The number of micro-cathode arrays (303) is two, and two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays (303) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the cathode body (302), and each micro-textured micro-cathode array (303) includes The substrate is provided with an array of copper pillars arranged in an array, and the array copper pillars are connected to the negative electrode of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply (6); the left cylinder (304) and the right cylinder (305) are respectively connected to the electrolytic machining control system Electric connection, the number of cylinder push rods (306) is two, the front ends of the two cylinder push rods (306) are connected with the left cylinder (304) and the right cylinder (305) respectively, and the ends of the two cylinder push rods (306) are respectively Installed on the side of the substrate facing away from the cathode body (302) of two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays (303), the two cylinder push rods (306) are driven by the left cylinder (304) and the right cylinder (305) respectively , so that the array copper pillars on the two micro-textured micro-cathode arrays (303) can reciprocate along the corresponding array holes on the cavity wall of the cathode body (302). 2. The pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the column diameter of the arrayed copper columns is 1 mm. 3. The pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface micro-texture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the workpiece clamping system (5) includes a turntable (501), a conversion head (502) and a clamp The holding seat (503), the turntable (501) is installed on the plane workbench (101) by bolts, the conversion head (502) is installed on the turntable (501) by bolts; the bottom surface of the clamping seat (503) is installed on the conversion head (502 ), the clamping seat (503) is used to clamp and fix the anode workpiece (4). 4. Pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface microtexture method, characterized in that the method utilizes the pulse electrolysis one-step nesting processing blade and its surface microtexture device described in any one of claims 1-3 Simultaneously processing the blade profile and the micro-texture of the blade surface specifically includes the following steps, and the following steps are performed in sequence: Step 1, prepare the anode workpiece (4) to be processed, and turn on the power of the device; Step 2, install the cathode sheet (301) on the cathode body (302), and connect it to the negative pole of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply (6), and at the same time, make the array copper pillars in the microcathode array (303) with the micro texture and the electrolytic process Negative pole connection of processing pulse power supply (6); Step 3, installing the anode workpiece (4) on the workpiece clamping system (5), and connecting it to the positive pole of the electrolytic machining pulse power supply (6); Step 4, adjust the position of the Z-direction reciprocating device (2) through the electrolytic machining control system, and set the initial machining gap between the cathode sheet (301) and the anode workpiece (4) to be 0.5 mm; Step 5. Set the processing parameters in the electrolytic processing control system. The processing voltage applied between the working electrode system (3) and the anode workpiece (4) is 16V, and the feed speed of the Z-direction reciprocating device (2) is 0.3mm/min. , the pressure of the electrolyte is 300kPa, and the electrolytic machining of the anode workpiece (4) nesting is carried out; Step 6, after the contour processing of the anode workpiece (4), the bottom surface of the anode workpiece (4) is finished; Step 7. After finishing finishing, control the left cylinder (304) and the right cylinder (305) to push the two cylinder push rods (306), so that the two cylinder push rods (306) drive the micro texture manufacturing micro The cathode array (303) carries out relative motion, gradually approaching the leading edge and the trailing edge of the anode workpiece (4), and the distance of the array copper pillars of the micro-texture manufacturing micro-cathode array (303) extending into the cathode body (302) exceeds the distance of the cathode body ( 302) The inner surface is 50 μm for processing; Step 8: Process the surface micro-texture of the processed anode workpiece (4), after the surface micro-texture processing of the anode workpiece (4) is completed, control the left cylinder (304) and the right cylinder (305) to pull back the two cylinders Push rod (306), so that the micro-textures on the left and right sides make the micro-cathode array (303) away from the front edge and trailing edge surface of the anode workpiece (4); return the Z-direction reciprocating device (2) to zero, and turn off the power of the device .

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