CN1148835A - Method and apparatus for fixing a ship anchor on to a underwater anchoring unit - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for fixing a ship anchor on to a underwater anchoring unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1148835A CN1148835A CN 95193207 CN95193207A CN1148835A CN 1148835 A CN1148835 A CN 1148835A CN 95193207 CN95193207 CN 95193207 CN 95193207 A CN95193207 A CN 95193207A CN 1148835 A CN1148835 A CN 1148835A
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- ship
- anchor
- anchor unit
- pressure
- unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/02—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
- B63B22/021—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids
- B63B22/023—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids submerged when not in use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/02—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
- B63B22/021—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids
- B63B22/026—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids and with means to rotate the vessel around the anchored buoy
Abstract
A mooring system for a vessel including a mooring area on a bottom surface thereof, includes a mooring element coupled to the sea floor by a plurality of mooring tethers which resides, when not in use, in a storage position a preselected depth below the surface. An upper surface of the mooring element includes a sealing surface surrounding a target area to be coupled within the mooring area. The system includes apparatus for raising the mooring element from the storage position into a mooring position in which the sealing surface is in contact with the bottom surface of the vessel so that mooring area is sealed between the bottom surface of the vessel and the target area and a pump for lowering the pressure between the bottom surface of the vessel and the target area of the upper surface of the mooring element to a first level for immobilizing the mooring element with respect to the bottom surface of the vessel and a second level so that the mooring element is maintained in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the vessel. The system also includes a device for detecting a displacement of the mooring element from a desired position of the mooring element within the mooring area.
Description
The present invention relates generally in the unprotect waters system of one oil tanker or other ship grapplings is more specifically related to, utilize differential static pressure that one float of diving under water is fixed to the anchoring system of a boat bottom under water.
In US Patent 5,305, introduced several Floater Structure in 703, its disclosed overall content is included in herein for your guidance.One of them recommended embodiment has the float of flat disk upper surface roughly.The differential static pressure that this float is produced by dress pump aboard ship is fixed in the bottom of ship.But the grappling with flat-top float has a problem, that is, when float was arrived hull by the hydrostatic pressure differential pressure, this float is grappling groove centering therewith.Once solve this problem with simple termination of pumping, this grappling float was discharged, repaid examination once more.But in the big marine site of wave, this program may cause repeatedly repaying examination before realize the satisfied position of float.This is an elapsed time and risky program.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a system, the float that it utilizes hydrostatic pressure reduction to allow to have flat basically upper surface moves along hull in a controlled manner.Therefore, make float need not decontrol this float from hull bottom with respect to this grappling groove centering.
Another object of the present invention is, the power from the float anchor chain that applies combines with the propulsion system of ship so that the force vector of an expection to be provided, with along hull bottom mobile float on the direction of hope.
The present invention aims to provide a kind of anchoring system of ship, it comprises by many anchor chains and anchor unit of seabed bonded assembly, wherein, when not with the ship grappling, anchor unit remains on the storage location of desired depth under the sea, the upper surface of this anchor unit comprises one around the sealing surface that will be connected a target area within this grappling groove, with this anchor unit risen to sealing surfaces from storage location combine with the device of the contacted anchor station, bottom surface of ship, thereby a leak free anchor region forms in the bottom surface of ship with between by this sealing surfaces area surrounded.Pressure between a pump reduction hull bottom face and this anchor unit upper surface makes this anchor unit with respect to surperficial fixed first pressure reduction of hull bottom to produce one between the pressure in ambient pressure and this anchor region, and one of generation makes this anchor unit and hull bottom face keep moving contact between the living pressure in ambient pressure and this anchor region.This system comprises the device of the displacement of surveying the desired location of this anchor unit on its hull bottom.
A ship is anchored to method on the anchor unit comprise ship positionning promoted above this anchor unit deposit position and with anchor unit and make it and step that the hull bottom surface contacts according to of the present invention.Make and produce first pressure reduction between pressure in the anchor region and the ambient pressure and anchor unit is fixed on the hull bottom face by reducing static pressure in the anchor region between anchor unit upper surface and hull bottom surface then.The displacement of a desired location on determining at the bottom of this anchor unit disembark then, and under the fixing situation in this anchor unit and hull bottom surface ship being moved, consequently the tensile force that is applied to anchor unit by anchor chain points to the desired location of this anchor unit.Increase the static pressure in the anchor region then, static pressure in this anchor region and the pressure reduction between the ambient pressure reach one second pressure reduction so that this anchor unit along the hull bottom surface desired location to anchor unit slide.When arriving this desired location, the pressure of anchor region is reduced fast, producing the 3rd pressure reduction between static pressure in this anchor region and the ambient pressure, thereby with ship desired location therewith anchor unit fix.
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of the float of first embodiment of the invention, and wherein float is at a submarine site;
Fig. 2 is the lateral plan of the float of second embodiment of the invention; Wherein float is at a submarine site;
Fig. 3 is the lateral plan of the present invention's one float, and float is being wanted the bottom of bonded assembly ship near it;
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan of the present invention's one float, and float is positioned at contiguous its and wants the position of the hull bottom of bonded assembly ship;
Fig. 5 is the backplan of the present invention's one float, and float is positioned at eccentric position on it wants the hull bottom of bonded assembly ship;
Fig. 6 is the lateral plan away from the pump water inlet mouth of this anchor region.
Fig. 1 represents that float 10 under water just in time equals clean next balance position of sea that is suspended in of float 10 at anchor chain 11 on the height of buoyancy.Float 10 is equipped with the floating recovery rope 12 of energy, and its top 13 swims on the sea 14.Float 10 is by the anchor chain of a series of radial developments or restrict and 11 be anchored on the sea bed 15 under water, and each anchor chain or rope are connected with a corresponding anchor that is contained on the sea bed.
Rope 12 top be suitable for being reclaimed by ship 30 and with a bont, as the winch (not shown) that is contained on the ship 30 connects.When applying one during to upper pulling force by bont to reclaiming rope 12, anchor chain 11 is just lifted from sea bed 15, and float 10 rises to the bottom of ship 30.In case float 10 is near the bottom of ship 30, with regard to the float 10 of first and second embodiment, the operating process that ship 30 is anchored to float 10 is identical.After the float 10 of introducing second embodiment, this operation describes in detail with reference to Fig. 3-6.
Fig. 2 illustrates another similar to the float 10 shown in Fig. 1 float 10 under water, but this float 10 does not reclaim rope.This float 10 can be supplied with pressurized air by means of be connected in the lifter 20 of far putting the compressed air source (not shown) via extra large underground pipelines 21.Perhaps, float 10 can be equipped with when ship 30 is anchored on float 10 and can gas filed again pressurized air store up cylinder.This float is suspended in the favorite places of the keel of its ship that highly is lower than process.As is known in the art, with reference to known fixed position, a ship 30 can be used to position itself on float 10 tops from the data of earth position location satellite.When ship 30 is positioned at the anchor station,, make the water town dish out and make the bottom of float liter to ship 30 from float 10 by means of pressurized air by sonar signal of the transmission of receptor on float 10.The increase of float 10 net buoyancy that caused makes float 10 that anchor chain 11 is lifted from sea bed one additional distance and risen to an anchor station 23, engages with the end of ship 30 at these position float 10 upper surfaces.
More specifically say,, send a signal control float 10 to float 10 and on water column, rise, the pre-grappling degree of depth up to this one short range position, float 10 arrived ships 30 drafts below when ship 30 during near float 10.This pre-grappling degree of depth generally is below the ship draft 1 to 3 meter.Those skilled in the art know that this pre-grappling degree of depth should be selected greatlyyer in the distance of the draft of waves surging turbulently waters disembark, will select than the draft near ship 30 in tranquiler waters.Then the drift of considering ship 10 to float 10 after calculate the bottom of contact ship 30 under the water inlet 32, it is remaining apart from arrived ship 30 bottom surfaces to make it to rise to float 10 give a signals.The final buoyancy that depends on float 10, float 10 generally rise from the speed of the pre-grappling degree of depth with about per second 0.05-0.3 rice.Therefore, in the end the water town discharges back 3-60 second, and float 10 will contact with ship 30 basal surfaces.By first difference of pressure float 10 is fixed on the ship 30 the general 2-8 of continuing second, and whole grappling process can be finished in 5 seconds, although the grappling process can be time-consuming more than one minute.The grappling process need time is short to make both to have made in the propulsion system of ship 30 and can not be in the scope that is generally 5-10 rice still can carry out grappling above the float 10 ship 30 being held in place under the situation.That is to say, can before water inlet 32 process floats 10, send the order that allows float float in the needed several seconds, so that water inlet fully is positioned within the outer seal surface 17 of float 10 by the pre-grappling degree of depth.Slip away under the situation of ship 30 bottoms can not fully controlling ship 30 and float 10, ship 30 moves apart the anchor station, to 10 one signals of float, makes float Chong Jiashui town sink to the pre-at least grappling degree of depth.Be stabilized in when float on the degree of depth of hope, try to carry out the grappling process again.If repaid the pressurized air supply of float 10 in the examination in the repetition grappling exhausted, a service ship can be carried out supply to float.
Those skilled in the art can be appreciated that the town system of anhydrating and recovery that float 10 can be equipped are as previously discussed restricted both, thereby reduce to reclaim the power that rope stands.This town system of anhydrating can be excited by sonar signal as mentioned above like that, perhaps also can be excited by the raising force that reclaims rope.
Fig. 3 illustrates the process that ship 30 anchors to the float that is raised to anchor station 23 10 of the sort of type shown in Figure 2.This ship 30 is equipped with a pump 31, and this pump has a water inlet 32 in ship 30 bottom sections 33 of grappling float 10 therein in hope.This pump is the pump of high capacity low head preferably, at one or more discharge port 34 places away from zone 33 seawater is expelled back in the sea.Each discharge port 34 can be installed a deflecting plate with guiding draining jet, so that pump 31 can apply a thrust along the direction of wishing by its one or more drain gutters 34.Pump 31 also is equipped with second water inlet 35 away from zone 33.Second water inlet 35 is equipped with a valve 36, is used to regulate the flow through second water inlet 35.Valve 36 is opened and closed by a dynamic start device 37, and by crewman's remote control of ship 30.
When ship 30 during near the anchor station of float 10 tops, valve 36 cuts out, and pump 31 only draws water by water inlet 32.As previously mentioned, the position of ship 30 can be determined with satellite and/or sonar data split hair caccuracy ground, so that ship can be positioned at directly over the float 10.Float 10 raised bottoms with ship 30 contact then, make water inlet 32 be positioned at fully within the outer gland sealing 17 on float 10 upper surfaces.Pump 31 draws water in the isolated enclosed volume of pent valve 36 and float 10 then.This will force float 10 recline ship 30 the bottom and make sealing 17 and the dash plate pressurized, up to the sealing 17 of the hull of ship 30 and float 10 equal the net buoyancy of anchoring system with the pressure between the dash plate 18 and act on differential water pressures between float 10 tops and bottom side with joint efforts till.Act on float 10 top minimum pressures at the suction vacuum pressure of pump 31 and reach minimum.In order to regulate float 10 top pressures, the valve 36 at water inlet 35 places can partly or entirely be opened, and makes current direction pump 31 and turns back to float 10 tops by water inlet 32.This has improved hydrostatic pressure, has reduced dash plate on the float 10 18 and sealing 17 are pressed to the pressure of the hull of ship 30.When the pressure on acting on dash plate 18 and sealing 17 reduces, stop float 10 also to reduce along the friction force that ship 30 bottom levels move, the power that is applied to float by anchor chain 11 can move float 10 along the lower surface of ship 30.
Fig. 4 is shown in further detail float 10 and is anchored on the ship 30.As mentioned above, the upper surface of float 10 is equipped with several dash plates 18 and sealing 17.Sealing 17 is pliable and tough continuous seal, arranges around the centres ground of float 10.Sealing 17 is preferably made by polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.Float 10 is equipped with a sealing 17 at least, and several this sealings 17 also can be arranged.Sealing 17 generally more projects upwards the end face of float than dash plate 18.This is applied in the sealing 17 enough pressure, makes and forms watertight basically connection between the bottom of ship 30 and the float 10.Dash plate 18 has three functions: 1) when carrying out grappling repay examination under the high situation of water wave, they give the bottom of ship 30 with buffering, prevent that the surface is subjected to the vertical impact of float 10; 2) when float 10 is anchored on the ship 30, their immense pressures that between float 10 and ship 30, distributes; 3) when float 10 is anchored on the ship 30 securely, they provide friction at ship 30 and 10 of floats, thereby are subjected to not moving along the end of ship 30 from the grappling masterpiece of ship 30 sometimes when float 10.
When the suction by pump 31 made float be fixed on the bottom of ship 30, as long as pump 31 is being worked unceasingly, float 10 was just attached securely firmly.In order to reduce the consumption of power of pump 31, second pump 38 that has low draft and a much smaller capacity than pump 31 can be used.This can make the end of ship 30 and the pressure between the float 10 reduce with respect to the pressure that only obtains with the system of a pump 31.At this moment, the valve 39 between pump 31 and the water inlet 32 is closed, and pump 31 is quit work.The another kind of practice is, valve 35 can be opened entirely, and pump 31 can be used as a propelling unit and works on and load with the grappling that influence on the float 10.
When two or how concentric sealing 17 were housed on float 10, second pump 38 can dispose a water inlet 40, made to seal respectively that the pressure in the zone 42 reduces between 17.Can be the steam pressure of this differential pressure to seawater.Because the center of float 10 is isolated with area of low pressure 42 by interior sealing 17, can remove the water in the central volume 41 with a bilge pump (bilge pump) (not shown), allow air admission central volume 41 in the atmosphere.This central volume 41 can also dispose personnel's access hatchway 43, make personnel can enter into this central volume 41, so that connect via the fluid connector 55 of pipeline 45 conveying articles of lifter from the sea bed, the connection structure anchor line (not shown) between float 10 and ship 30, or on float 10, carry out maintenance work.As is known in the art, fluid connector 55 usually with float 10 on fluid connector far be connected.When do not need the people with fluid connector 55 when fluid connector on the float 10 is connected, this volume 41 can keep water-filling or unreactable gas, to reduce the risk that leakage of oil in the volume 41 or gas and air lump together the volatile combustible mixture of formation.
Preferably when ship 30 was anchored on the float 10, ship 30 can be done the rotation of weathercock formula around a vertical axis.When being anchored, ship can carry out one or more rotation corresponding to the wind direction, current and the wave that change.In order to make ship 30 can do weathercock formula rotation, float 10 comprises that two are made up of vertical axis airframe bearing 49 divided portion.One or more sealings 50 are contained between float 10 two parts 46 and 47 to prevent that seawater encroachment is in the central volume 41 on float 10 tops.When being connected with ship 30 securely, part 46 is static with ship 30 relative maintenances, rotates with ship 30 when ship 30 is done the rotation of weathercock formula around a vertical axis.Simultaneously, part 47 is not rotated with respect to sea bed 15.In addition, fluid connector 55 includes swivel joint, and the pipeline in the ship 30 can be rotated with respect to the pipeline in the part 47 of float 10 around a vertical axis.
Fig. 5 illustrates the bottom plan view of a ship 30, illustrates that how the bottom of bonded assembly situation lower edge ship 30 moves not breaking away from ship for float 10.
As mentioned above, sealing 17 is preferably given prominence on dash plate 18, and is by with the low material manufacture of the base plate friction coefficient of ship 30.Contrast ground, dash plate 18 is preferably by the material manufacture very high with the base plate friction coefficient of ship 30.Dash plate 18 is preferably made the standard rubbers material manufacture of known dock dash plate and also can be used and the similar material manufacture of the material of making motor tire by being used to.
In Fig. 5, be the ship of seeing from below 30, float 10 is contained in the eccentric position 51 with respect to water inlet 32 prejudicially.In order to realize that the fluid between float 10 and the ship 30 connects, and need move to float 10 position 52 at a center.Say that more specifically for being that single fluid bonded assembly float is arranged with ship 30, the position of float 10 must be fixed on the center in the scope of about 0.8 * r at water inlet 32 centers, r is the radius of water inlet.With float 10 location, float must be with respect to the bottom of ship 30 along direction 54 miles of relative movement 53 for suitably.At first, utilize main propeller machine tool and bow thruster skew ship 30 and float 10 on the direction opposite, anchor chain 11 is produced stretch with direction 54.When along the amount of deflection of this direction greatly when on anchor chain 11, having produced the stretching of a hope, as to Fig. 3 and 4 explain that the hydrostatic pressure between ship 30 and float 10 is raised, up to the basal sliding of float 10 along direction 54 beginnings along ship 30.When this sliding distance near distance 53 the time, the pressure of float top reduces fast, slip stops.If this process is success not, can on different direction 54 and distance 53, carry out repeatedly, in center 52 is in the scope of requirement.With after ship 30 contacts, the difference of pressure between ambient pressure and float 10 and ship 30 bottom surfaces in the zone preferably rises to 10-100 kPa immediately at float 10.In order to move float 10 along the bottom surface of ship 30, this hydrostatic pressure reduction drops to 2-50 kPa.After float 10 is centered on the desired location,, ship 30 is anchored on the float 10 by this static pressure difference is brought up between the 60-300KPa.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the actual difference of pressure that uses will depend on the draft of the diameter and the ship 30 of float 10 under each situation.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, float 10 can be determined by the window direct viewing float 10 that is formed on personnel access hatch's mouth 43 with respect to the position at water inlet 32 centers, or determine by observing the one or more lamps that are formed on the arbitrary concentric circles on float 10 upper surfaces or are contained on float 10 upper surfaces with a underwater television camera.In addition, float 10 can comprise that a sound sends a responser (not shown), passes to signal the sensor (not shown) on the bottom surface that is installed in ship 30.
Fig. 6 is shown specifically water inlet 35, and wherein, water inlet 35 is closed by hatchcover 60, and hatchcover is also as pressure-gradient control valve simultaneously.Opening by mechanical system of hatchcover 60, as hydraulic actuating cylinder 61 controls, this mechanical system can be closed hatchcover 60 fully in ship 30 is advanced, and hatchcover 60 can be remained on any position between the standard-sized sheet full cut-off.This fluid cylinder 61 also can be connected with a Fu (not shown), with the required selected pressure of opening degree to realize that this Fu is set of automatic maintenance.
Therefore, determining that float 10 is after the direction and size that move at the center of water inlet 32, anchoring system of the present invention combines with the power of wind, current and water wave and applies a propulsive force to ship 30, so that ship 30 and float 10 are offset on the opposite direction of the predetermined direction that moves along ship 30 bottoms with float 10 54.After the restoring force by the predeterminated level of float 10 from the determined anchoring system of the skew of its nature or balance position reaches, hydrostatic pressure fast rise on the float 10, thereby reduced the pressure between float 10 and the ship 30, this just makes the friction force between float 10 and ship 30 bottoms reduce, its result, float 10 will slide on the neutral position orientations of float 10 along ship 30 bottoms.
This decreased locomotion act on elastic restoring force on the float 10, thereby slip short range after beginning is just stopped.When float 10 during, can make float 10 be parked in any position by the static pressure on the rapid reduction float 10 near desired location.
By these steps of repeated use, float 10 can move to any position, as long as water inlet 32 is within the outer seal surface 17 that keeps firmly connecting with ship 30 fully.
Those skilled in the art can be appreciated that ship 30 bottom surfaces relatively do not have marine abrasion will help to keep a uniform static pressure.
In order to describe, the foregoing description to be provided, but to be not in order to limit the present invention.The people who is proficient in present technique can be appreciated that, is not departing under the only situation by this paper accompanying Claim restricted portion of the present invention, can carry out many changes to the embodiment that has introduced.
Claims (40)
1, a kind of a ship is anchored to one by the method on a plurality of anchor chains and the seabed bonded assembly anchor unit, wherein, when not being connected with ship, this anchor unit remains on the storage location of sea with next desired depth, wherein, the bottom surface of ship comprises an anchor region, and the method may further comprise the steps:
With this ship positionning above the anchor unit storage location;
Promoting anchor unit makes it contact with the bottom surface of ship;
By reduce static pressure in the anchor region between anchor unit upper surface and the hull bottom face in anchor region pressure and ambient pressure between produce first pressure reduction this anchor unit be fixed on the ship surface;
Detect the displacement of anchor unit apart from the desired location of anchor unit in anchor region;
Mobile ship and be fixed to the anchor unit of hull bottom face is so that be applied to the desired location that a tensile force on the anchor unit points to anchor unit by each anchor chain;
Static pressure and difference of pressure ambient pressure between of static pressure in anchor region that increases in the anchor region reaches second pressure reduction, and wherein, this second pressure reduction is less than first pressure reduction, so that anchor unit is slided towards the desired location of anchor unit along the bottom surface of ship;
During desired location in anchor unit reaches anchor region, reduce pressure in the anchor region rapidly to produce the 3rd pressure reduction between static pressure in the anchorage zone and the ambient pressure, ship is fixed to anchor unit in the desired location.
2, method according to claim 1, wherein, this anchor unit is passed through an optical imaging device with vision-based detection apart from the displacement of desired location.
3, method according to claim 1 wherein, reclaims rope with the anchor unit bonded assembly and anchor unit is risen contact up to anchor unit with ship and contact the bottom surface of ship therewith by drawing on the ship one.
4, method according to claim 1, wherein, wherein the anchor region that reduces of static pressure is one around the fluid bonded assembly annular space between anchor unit and the ship, so that after the desired location in anchor unit is fixed on anchor region, the fluid in the annular anchoring zone can be connected the water that is arranged in central volume wherein and discharge.
5, method according to claim 1, wherein, the first and the 3rd pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and the anchor region is in 10-300 kPa scope.
6, method according to claim 1, wherein, second pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and the anchor region is in 2-50 kPa scope.
7, method according to claim 1, wherein, anchor unit apart from the displacement of desired location by a plurality of bonded assembly of ship therewith sensor, these sensors accept from the signal of anchor unit bonded assembly sound transponder beacon.
8, method according to claim 1, wherein, anchor unit comprises a first and a second portion, and in the time of on being fixed on the hull bottom face, this first can not rotate with respect to ship, and this second portion can rotate with respect to ship.
9, a kind of ship anchoring system, wherein, ship comprises an anchor region that forms in its bottom surface, this system comprises:
An anchor unit that is connected in the seabed by many anchor chains, wherein, when not with the ship grappling, anchor unit remains on the storage location of next preliminary election degree of depth of sea, and the upper surface of anchor unit comprises a sealing surfaces around an interior target area to be connected of anchor region;
One and anchor unit bonded assembly recovery rope, wherein, this part that reclaims rope swims on the water surface;
Dress winch aboard ship rises to an anchor station with anchor unit from described storage location thereby be used for reclaiming rope, and in this position, described sealing surface contacts with the bottom surface of ship, so that the anchor region between hull bottom face and the described target area is sealed;
First pump of the pressure between target area that is used to reduce hull bottom face and anchor unit upper surface, wherein, this first pump is used for producing first pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region so that anchor unit maintains static with respect to the hull bottom face and the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region between generation second pressure reduction, wherein, the second pressure differential numeric ratio, the first pressure differential numerical value is little, so that anchor unit and hull bottom face maintenance moving contact; And
One is used to detect the device of anchor unit apart from the displacement of the desired location of anchor unit in anchor region.
10, ship anchoring system according to claim 9, wherein, described optical imaging system comprises a tele camera.
11, ship anchoring system according to claim 9, wherein, described anchor unit comprises a plurality of visual concentric circless on the surface thereon.
12, ship anchoring system according to claim 9, wherein, anchor unit mounted on surface thereon has a lamp.
13, ship anchoring system according to claim 9 comprises that further one the and first pump collaborative work is in order to produce second pump of a predetermined pressure difference between pressure in anchor region and the ambient pressure.
14, ship anchoring system according to claim 9, wherein, first pump comprise one with the be separated by outlet of a preset distance of described anchor region, and, wherein, the direction that goes out current of this outlet can be got the angle of expection, so that the power of an expection is provided to ship.
15, ship anchoring system according to claim 9, wherein, the upper surface of anchor unit comprises a dash plate that contacts with the bottom surface of ship after described sealing surfaces is pressed against the hull bottom face.
16, ship anchoring system according to claim 15, wherein, sealing surfaces is by first material manufacture, and dash plate is by second material manufacture, and wherein, the friction coefficient between hull bottom face and the described dash plate is greater than the friction coefficient between sealing surfaces and the hull bottom face.
17, ship anchoring system according to claim 16, wherein, when producing first pressure reduction between pressure in the anchor region and the ambient pressure, described sealing surface is contacted with the hull bottom face by pressured and described dash plate, when producing second pressure reduction between pressure in the anchor region and the ambient pressure, dash plate does not contact the hull bottom face.
18, a kind of ship anchoring system, wherein, ship comprises an anchor region in its bottom surface, this system comprises:
One by many anchor chains and seabed bonded assembly anchor unit, wherein, when not with a ship grappling, anchor unit remains on the storage location of next desired depth of sea, and the upper surface of anchor unit comprises a sealing surfaces around an interior target area to be connected of anchor region;
Be used for anchor unit is promoted to the device of an anchor station from storage location, contact with the hull bottom face, so that form a sealing anchor region between face and the described target area alow at the anchor station sealing surfaces;
The pump of the pressure between target area that is used to reduce hull bottom face and anchor unit upper surface, wherein, this pump is used for producing first pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region so that anchor unit maintains static with respect to the hull bottom face and the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region between produce second pressure reduction, wherein, the second pressure differential numeric ratio, the first pressure differential numerical value is little so that anchor unit and hull bottom face keep moving contact; And
Detect the device of anchor unit apart from the displacement of the desired location of anchor unit in anchor region.
19, ship anchoring system according to claim 18, wherein, the device of described detection displacement comprises an optical imaging system that is used to observe the anchor unit upper surface.
20, ship anchoring system according to claim 18, wherein, the device of described detection displacement comprises an anchor unit forwarder that is connected the signal that is used to transmit indication anchor unit position with anchor unit, with a plurality of sensors that are used to accept from the signal of anchor unit forwarder that are connected with ship.
21, ship anchoring system according to claim 20, wherein, described anchor unit forwarder is a sound transponder beacon.
22, ship anchoring system according to claim 18, wherein, the upper surface of anchor unit comprises a dash plate that contacts with the hull bottom face after described sealing surfaces presses the hull bottom face.
23, ship anchoring system according to claim 18, wherein, described target area is one and is connected the annular region that is positioned at one of them central volume around ship with fluid between the anchor unit.
24, ship anchoring system according to claim 23, wherein, described central volume comprises that the water in the central volume can be by the outlet of its discharge.
25, ship anchoring system according to claim 22, wherein, described sealing surfaces is by first material manufacture, and described dash plate is by second material manufacture, wherein, the friction coefficient between the dash plate is bigger than friction coefficient between described sealing surfaces and the hull bottom surface therewith for the hull bottom face.
26, ship anchoring system according to claim 25, wherein, when producing first pressure reduction between pressure in anchor region and the ambient pressure, described sealing surfaces is compressed and dash plate contacts with the hull bottom face, when producing second pressure reduction between pressure in anchor region and the ambient pressure, described dash plate does not contact the hull bottom face.
27, ship anchoring system according to claim 18, wherein, the device that is used to promote anchor unit comprises a compressed gas container and the ship forwarder with the water township territory fluid communication of anchor unit, this forwarder is used for sending an energizing signal from ship to anchor unit, discharges compressed gas to improve the buoyancy of this anchor unit in order to the water township territory to anchor unit.
28, ship anchoring system according to claim 27 wherein, is used for comprising a valve and the actuator by the control of the forwarder on the ship from the conduit in anchor unit discharge water town.
29, ship anchoring system according to claim 19, wherein, the device that is used to promote anchor unit comprise one with floating recovery rope of anchor unit bonded assembly and ship on a winch installing.
30, a kind ofly be suitable for anchoring to the ship of anchor unit under water, comprise: a hull that has a water inlet in its bottom surface, wherein, a first around this water inlet of bottom surface is suitable for admitting the top by many anchor chains and an anchor unit of seabed bonded assembly;
By water inlet seawater is discharged the anchor region that forms between anchor unit upper surface and the contacted with it hull section of anchor unit acts on the downward static pressure on anchor unit top with minimizing pump fast for one, wherein, this pump is used for producing between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region makes this anchor unit with respect to fixed first pressure reduction of hull bottom face and be used for producing second pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region, wherein, this second pressure differential numeric ratio, first pressure differential numerical value is little, so that anchor unit and hull bottom face keep moving contact; And
One is used to detect anchor unit apart from its sensor of the displacement of a desired location on face alow.
31, ship according to claim 30, wherein, ship comprises a outlet by the seawater of pump suction of being used for away from anchor region.
32, ship according to claim 31, wherein, described away from outlet to the water outlet stream of seawater guide with ship is provided one the expection thrust.
33, ship according to claim 31 comprises that also one is used for pulling on the winch of ship with one with anchor unit bonded assembly rope.
34, ship according to claim 31, thus comprise that also one is used for to the signal generator of anchor unit transmission signals with the buoyancy control anchor unit degree of depth of living in of control anchor unit.
35, a kind ofly be suitable for being anchored on a ship on the anchor unit under water, comprise:
A hull that is formed with a water inlet in its bottom surface, wherein, the first around water inlet of bottom surface is suitable for admitting the top of an anchor unit, is stored in the desired depth under the sea when this anchor unit is not connected with ship;
One is used to produce the dress signal generator aboard ship that the control anchor unit degree of depth of living in and lifting anchor unit make it the signal that contacts with the hull bottom face;
One seawater discharged anchor region between the hull section that anchor unit upper surface and anchor unit contact with it fast with the pump of the downward hydrostatic pressure that reduces to act on anchor unit top, wherein, pump is used for producing between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region presses and in order to produce second pressure reduction between the pressure in ambient pressure and anchor region anchor unit with respect to hull bottom face fixed first, wherein, the second pressure reduction numeric ratio, the first pressure differential numerical value is little so that anchor unit and hull bottom face keep moving contact; And
Be used to detect the device of anchor unit apart from the displacement of its desired location in anchor region.
36, ship according to claim 35, wherein, ship comprises an outlet that is used for the seawater that is drawn into by pump away from anchor region.
37, ship according to claim 36, wherein, described away from outlet to the water outlet stream of seawater guide with provide to ship one the expection thrust.
38, ship according to claim 35, wherein, the device that is used to detect displacement provides one directly with the light tunnel of visual observation anchor unit.
39, ship according to claim 35, wherein, the device that is used to detect displacement comprises an optical imaging device.
40, ship according to claim 35, wherein, the device that is used to detect displacement comprises a plurality of sensors that are used to receive the signal of expression anchor unit position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/439,008 US5515803A (en) | 1994-05-24 | 1995-05-11 | Method and apparatus for mooring a vessel to a submerged mooring element |
| US08/439,008 | 1995-05-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1148835A true CN1148835A (en) | 1997-04-30 |
| CN1072150C CN1072150C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
Family
ID=23742910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95193207A Expired - Fee Related CN1072150C (en) | 1995-05-11 | 1995-05-25 | Method and apparatus for fixing a ship anchor on to a underwater anchoring unit |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0824447A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1072150C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU711751B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2190637A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO964969L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ288410A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2145933C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996035608A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102897286A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 弗罗泰克有限公司 | Mooring disconnect arrangement |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3219779B2 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2001-10-15 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Fender and its management system |
| NO20080956L (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-06 | Moss Maritime As | Ice-strengthened vessel for drilling and production in Arctic waters |
| KR101500844B1 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2015-03-10 | 장영주 | Apparatus for Mooring Floater Using Submerged Pontoon |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3344116A1 (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1985-06-20 | Blohm + Voss Ag, 2000 Hamburg | ANCHORING AND TAKEOVER SYSTEM FOR LIQUID AND GASEOUS MEDIA ON A SHIP END OF A TANKER |
| US4604961A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-08-12 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Vessel mooring system |
| US5305703A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1994-04-26 | Jens Korsgaard | Vessel mooring system |
-
1995
- 1995-05-25 CN CN95193207A patent/CN1072150C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-25 EP EP95922899A patent/EP0824447A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-05-25 RU RU96124366A patent/RU2145933C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-25 CA CA002190637A patent/CA2190637A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-05-25 AU AU27627/95A patent/AU711751B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-05-25 NZ NZ288410A patent/NZ288410A/en unknown
- 1995-05-25 WO PCT/US1995/006694 patent/WO1996035608A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1996
- 1996-11-22 NO NO964969A patent/NO964969L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102897286A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 弗罗泰克有限公司 | Mooring disconnect arrangement |
| CN102897286B (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2015-10-07 | 弗罗泰克有限公司 | Mooring disengagement gear |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2190637A1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
| NO964969D0 (en) | 1996-11-22 |
| CN1072150C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
| WO1996035608A1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
| EP0824447A4 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
| AU2762795A (en) | 1996-11-29 |
| NO964969L (en) | 1996-11-22 |
| RU2145933C1 (en) | 2000-02-27 |
| EP0824447A1 (en) | 1998-02-25 |
| AU711751B2 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
| NZ288410A (en) | 1998-09-24 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20011003 Termination date: 20100525 |