CN114878094A - Multi-spectral-segment excited oil mark imaging device and detection method - Google Patents
Multi-spectral-segment excited oil mark imaging device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-spectrum-segment excited oil stain imaging device and a detection method, wherein in the multi-spectrum-segment excited oil stain imaging device, a multi-spectrum-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system comprises ultraviolet light source arrays with multiple central wavelengths, and the ultraviolet light source arrays are arranged at the end part of a circular table-shaped light source base and emit ultraviolet light to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; the halogen lamp light source system comprises a halogen lamp arranged on a circular truncated cone-shaped light source base, and emits halogen lamp light with uniform light source intensity distribution in a preset wavelength range; the hyperspectral image acquisition system acquires image data with a wave band interval of a preset length in a preset acquisition wavelength range and synchronously acquires three-dimensional data of a reflection spectrum and an image gray level; the data processing unit is connected with the hyperspectral image acquisition system to analyze three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum and the image gray level, and fusion of multispectral images is carried out to obtain a detection result of whether oil leakage exists.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil leakage online, and particularly relates to a multi-spectral-segment excited oil trace imaging device and a detection method.
Background
Oil-filled equipment, such as transformers, reactors, current transformers and the like, inevitably has oil leakage in the whole industrial link from production to operation, increases the risk of insulation failure and pollutes the environment.
To prevent oil leakage from equipment, several methods have been proposed to detect oil leakage defects. The most common method is visual observation, namely, the staff with abundant working experience observes the method through visual observation, and the accuracy and the detection efficiency of the method completely depend on the abundant working experience of the staff. The second common method is an oil gauge reading method, that is, whether an oil leakage accident occurs is directly judged through the reading change of an oil gauge, and obviously, the method is only suitable for faults with large oil leakage. The third common method is an infrared thermal imaging method, and the detection object of the method is an abnormal temperature rise fault of the power equipment caused by an oil leakage fault.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device and a detection method, which utilize an ultraviolet light source as a fluorescence excitation light source and combine with a hyperspectral imaging technology to subdivide spectral capability, and overcome the fatal defect that the complex power equipment is difficult to image texture information under a low-light environment, so that an oil leakage area is difficult to quickly locate.
The invention aims to realize the following technical scheme, and the multispectral excitation oil mark imaging device comprises:
a truncated cone-shaped light source base;
the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system comprises a plurality of ultraviolet light source arrays with different central wavelengths, wherein the ultraviolet light source arrays are arranged at the end part of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base and emit ultraviolet light to a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
a halogen lamp light source system including a halogen lamp provided on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base, which emits halogen lamp light having a uniform light source intensity distribution within a predetermined wavelength range;
the hyperspectral image acquisition system acquires image data with wave band intervals of a preset length in a preset acquisition wavelength range and synchronously acquires reflection spectrum-image gray three-dimensional data, wherein the spectral image data with the imaging wave band number higher than 100 wave bands is defined as a hyperspectral image, and the spectral resolution of the hyperspectral image acquisition system is taken as the preset length;
the data processing unit is connected with the hyperspectral image acquisition system to analyze the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum and the image gray level, and performs multispectral image fusion to obtain a detection result of a target area to be detected in the inspection process, wherein the result can indicate whether the target area to be detected leaks oil or not;
a central processing unit connected with the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system, the halogen lamp light source system, the hyperspectral image acquisition system and the data processing unit,
the central processing unit is used for adjusting the light source intensity of the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system according to the distance of a target area to be detected in the distance inspection process and switching the light-emitting wavelength after the excitation wavelength image is acquired;
the central processing unit is also used for adjusting the light source intensity of the halogen lamp light source system according to the distance of a target area to be detected in the distance inspection process;
the central processing unit is also used for controlling the hyperspectral image acquisition system to acquire hyperspectral image data and controlling the data processing unit to further perform data analysis on the acquired hyperspectral image data.
Preferably, the truncated cone-shaped light source base is a hollow truncated cone, and the top surfaces of the multi-spectral ultraviolet excitation light source system, the halogen lamp light source system and the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group for collecting images of an oil leakage area and a non-oil leakage area are arranged at the end part of the hollow truncated cone in an even manner.
Preferably, the central wavelengths of the ultraviolet light source arrays are 255nm, 265nm, 315nm and 365nm respectively, the ultraviolet light source arrays are connected with the central processing unit and the light-emitting wavelength and the light source intensity are controlled by the central processing unit, the plurality of ultraviolet light source arrays are centered on the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group, ultraviolet light sources with different wavelengths are arranged at the ends of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base at circular intervals and are uniformly arranged, the light source intensities of the plurality of ultraviolet light sources are consistent, and the light-emitting areas are overlapped.
Preferably, the halogen lamp light source system is centrally and symmetrically distributed on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base and is positioned between the wide-angle lens group of the hyperspectral imaging system and the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system, and the predetermined wavelength range of the halogen lamp light source is 400nm-900 nm.
Preferably, the preset collection wavelength range of the hyperspectral image collection system is 400nm-900nm, and the spectral resolution is 3 nm.
Preferably, the multispectral excitation oil stain imaging device further comprises,
the data storage unit is connected with the data processing unit to store the detection result of the target area to be detected in the inspection process;
the display unit is connected with the data processing unit to visually display the detection result of the target area to be detected in the routing inspection process;
the central processing unit is connected with the data storage unit and the display unit.
Preferably, the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system and the halogen lamp light source system are both connected with a power management module for power supply and energy consumption control, and the power management module is connected with the central processing unit.
Preferably, the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system and the halogen lamp light source system are uniformly emitted in a point light source mode, reach a target area to be detected in the routing inspection process in a parallel light mode, and reach the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group after the target area to be detected in the routing inspection process is reflected.
Preferably, the detection result of the target area to be detected in the inspection process comprises a multi-spectral-band ultraviolet excitation reflectivity value.
In addition, the invention also discloses a detection method of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, which comprises the following steps,
step S1, starting a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from the multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; starting a halogen lamp light source and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from the multi-spectrum section excitation oil mark imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
further, acquiring a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
then acquiring a hyperspectral image of the standard whiteboard, acquiring the hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, and acquiring three-dimensional data of a reflection spectrum-image gray scale when a 255nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing;
step S2, enabling the 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light and the halogen lamplight to reach a target area to be detected in the inspection process in a parallel light mode, after the target area to be detected in the inspection process is reflected, forming a photoelectric response intensity curve DN on each pixel point (x, y) of a photoelectric converter of the hyperspectral imaging system through the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 255nm (x, y, lambda), wherein (x, y) is the pixel point coordinate of the photoelectric converter and corresponds to the spatial position in the hyperspectral image one by one, and lambda represents the wavelength dimension of the photoelectric response intensity curve of the hyperspectral image acquisition system;
step S3: photoelectric response intensity DN of hyperspectral image acquisition system when standard white boards are respectively acquired as target areas to be detected in inspection process 255nmwhite (x, y, lambda) and the photoelectric response intensity DN of the hyperspectral image acquisition system when the lens cover of the hyperspectral image acquisition system is closed 255nmblack (x, y, λ), and DN for all coordinate points, respectively 255nmwhite (x, y, λ) and DN 255nmblack (x, y, λ) is averaged to obtain:
step S4: forming a photoelectric response intensity curve DN for each pixel point (x, y) 255nm (x, y, lambda) is converted into a reflectance value I after normalization treatment 255nm (x,y,λ)，
Step S5: for any coordinate (x) i ,y i ) The reflectivity value of the optical fiber is processed by decentralization, and covariance matrix and eigenvalue a and eigenvalue vector thereof are calculated
Selecting the maximum characteristic value a max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
As the reflectivity value coefficients under different wave bands, the W wave band data fusion and dimension reduction are realized, and the reflectivity value I after the data fusion and the dimension reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in the measurement space coordinate range are calculated 255nm (x,y)；
Step S6: closing a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a halogen lamp light source, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process, then obtaining a standard whiteboard hyperspectral image, obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, obtaining reflection spectrum-image gray three-dimensional data when the 265nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion and a reflectivity value I after dimensionality reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 265nm (x,y)；
Step S7: closing a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from a multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; keeping a halogen lamp light source in an open state, and acquiring a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
further acquiring a standard white board hyperspectral image, acquiring a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, acquiring three-dimensional data of a reflection spectrum and an image gray level when a 315nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing steps S2-S5, and obtaining a reflectance value I after data fusion and dimension reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 315nm (x,y)；
Step S8: closing a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 365nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from a multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process, keeping a halogen lamp light source in an opening state, obtaining a hyperspectral image of the target area to be detected in the inspection process, then obtaining a standard white board hyperspectral image, obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, obtaining three-dimensional data of reflection spectrum-image gray scale when the 365nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing steps S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range and a reflectivity value I after dimensionality reduction 365nm (x,y)；
Step S9: after the steps S1-S8, the reflectivity values after data fusion and dimensionality reduction under 4 ultraviolet excitation light sources are obtained:
I(x,y)＝[I 255nm (x,y) I 265nm (x,y) I 315nm (x,y) I 365nm (x,y)]，
for any coordinate (x) i ,y i ) I (x) of i ,y i ) Performing decentralized processing:
wherein m is the serial number of the wavelength of the ultraviolet excitation light source, and m is 1,2,3, 4;
calculation of I m (x i ,y i ) Of the covariance matrix
And its eigenvalue b and eigenvalue vector
Selecting the maximum characteristic value b max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
And as the reflectivity value coefficients under different wavebands, obtaining the multi-spectral-band reflectivity value:
step S10: when I (x) i ,y i ) When the value is 1 or more, the coordinate (x) is considered i ,y i ) The fluorescence effect occurs, and the fluorescence effect is marked as an oil leakage pixel point when I (x) i ,y i ) If the value is less than 1, the coordinate (x) is considered i ,y i ) Marking the pixel points without oil leakage as the fluorescence effect does not occur; traversing and calculating multi-spectral-segment reflectivity values I (x, y) { I (x, y) } of all coordinate points (x, y) in the target region range to be detected in the routing inspection process 1 ,y 1 ),I(x 2 ,y 2 ),...,I(x i ,y i ) And judging the pixel-level oil leakage area, and further marking the judgment result of the coordinate point (x, y) on an image under any wave band in the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum-image gray scale, so that pixel-level oil stain imaging can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the ultraviolet light source is used as a fluorescence excitation light source to subdivide the spectral capability by combining with a hyperspectral imaging technology, the fatal defects that the traditional fluorescence oil leakage detection is easily interfered by an environmental light source and only can be suitable for dark environment, an unknown oil sample is difficult to accurately obtain a corresponding fluorescence waveband image, and the complex power equipment is difficult to image texture information per se under a weak light environment, so that an oil leakage area is difficult to quickly position are overcome, the visual reconstruction of the texture information and the oil leakage area of the power equipment is realized by combining with a characteristic extraction and image fusion method, the rapid positioning of a trace oil leakage area of oil-filled equipment is conveniently and rapidly mastered by power operation and maintenance personnel, and an operation and maintenance strategy is accurately formulated.
Drawings
Various additional advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a truncated cone-shaped light source base structure of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil trace imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which 3 is a wide-angle lens set of a hyperspectral imaging system, 4 is a multi-spectral-band ultraviolet excitation light source system, and 5 is a halogen lamp light source system;
fig. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of a multi-spectral ultraviolet excitation light source system and a halogen lamp light source system of a multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a1, a2, and A3 are ultraviolet light sources with a center wavelength of 255nm, B1, B2, and B3 are ultraviolet light sources with a center wavelength of 265nm, C1, C2, and C3 are ultraviolet light sources with a center wavelength of 315nm, D1, D2, and D3 are ultraviolet light sources with a center wavelength of 365nm, and L1, L2, and L3 are halogen lamp light sources;
fig. 4 is a mounting manner of a truncated cone-shaped light source base, a multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system, a halogen lamp light source system and a hyperspectral image acquisition system of a multi-spectral-segment excitation oil trace imaging device according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein 1 is a hyperspectral image acquisition system, 2 is the truncated cone-shaped light source base, 3 is a hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group, 4 is the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system, and 5 is the halogen lamp light source system;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an image data acquisition step of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil trace imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph according toAccording to one embodiment of the invention, the oil zone reflectivity value I in the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil trace imaging method oil (lambda) and non-oil zone reflectance values I non (λ) the calculation result;
FIG. 7 shows the data fusion and the dimensionality reduction reflectance values of all coordinate points (x, y) in the measurement space coordinate range calculated in a multi-spectral-segment excitation oil trace imaging method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of multi-spectral ultraviolet excitation reflectance values calculated for all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range in a multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 9(a) to 9(d) are the results of oil leakage detection of plant-type and mineral-type transformers on different power equipment surfaces by a multi-spectral-segment excitation oil trace imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9(a) shows the result of detecting the surface of the transformer tank facing the vegetable transformer oil; FIG. 9(b) is a detection result of the surface of the composite insulator silicone rubber shed on mineral transformer oil; FIG. 9(c) shows the results of detecting mineral transformer oil on the surface of the porcelain shed of the post insulator; FIG. 9(d) is a detection result of mineral transformer oil on the surface of the umbrella skirt of the epoxy resin bushing of the transformer;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a hyperspectral imaging system of a multispectral excitation oil trace imaging device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional data cube of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil trace imaging method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ layout and optical path of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil trace imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the photo-electric response intensity of a standard white image and a standard black image of a multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of a reflection spectrum curve normalization calculation method for a multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 14. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, as shown in fig. 1 to 9(d), the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging apparatus includes a light source base 10 in a shape of a circular truncated cone;
the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 comprises a plurality of ultraviolet light source arrays with different central wavelengths, wherein the ultraviolet light source arrays are arranged at the end part of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 and emit ultraviolet light to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; it should be noted that, if there is an oil leakage area, the invention actually utilizes the fluorescence characteristic generated by ultraviolet light excitation of the oil leakage area;
a halogen lamp light source system 2 including a halogen lamp disposed on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10, which emits halogen lamp light having a uniform light source intensity distribution in a predetermined wavelength range;
the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 acquires image data with a preset wavelength range and a preset wave band interval and synchronously acquires three-dimensional data of reflection spectrum-image gray;
the data processing unit 4 is connected with the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 to analyze the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum and the image gray level and perform multispectral image fusion to obtain a detection result of the oil leakage area;
the central processing unit 7 is connected with the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system 1, the halogen lamp light source system 2, the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 and the data processing unit 4, and the central processing unit 7 adjusts the light-emitting wavelength and the light source intensity of the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 and the light source intensity of the halogen lamp light source system 2 and controls the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 and the data processing unit 4.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device, the truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 is a hollow truncated cone, and the top surfaces of the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1, the halogen lamp light source system 2 and the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 for collecting images of an oil leakage area and a non-oil leakage area are flush mounted at the end part of the hollow truncated cone.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, the central wavelengths of the ultraviolet light source arrays are 255nm, 265nm, 315nm and 365nm respectively, the ultraviolet light source arrays are connected with the central processing unit 7, the central processing unit 7 controls the light-emitting wavelength and the light source intensity, the ultraviolet light source arrays take the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 as the center, the ultraviolet light sources with different wavelengths are arranged at the ends of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 at intervals in a circular shape, the light sources with different wavelengths are arranged at the ends of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 uniformly, and the light sources with the same intensity are overlapped in the light-emitting areas.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device, the halogen lamp light source systems 2 are centrally and symmetrically distributed on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 and are located between the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 and the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1, and the preset wavelength range of the halogen lamp light source is 400nm-900 nm.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, the preset collection wavelength range is 400nm-900nm, and the spectral resolution is 3 nm. It is to be understood that the specific parameters herein are examples. Typically, the hyperspectral image acquisition system is a spectral image acquisition system with a wavelength range of 400-1000 or 2500nm and a spectral resolution below 5 nm. In principle, the predetermined collection wavelength range covers the predetermined wavelength range, for example, the halogen lamp is 400-.
In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excited oil stain imaging device, the multi-spectral-segment excited oil stain imaging device further comprises,
a data storage unit 5 connected to the data processing unit 4 to store a result of the oil leakage region detection,
a display unit 6 connected to the data processing unit 4 for visually displaying the detection result of the oil leakage area,
the central processing unit 7 is connected with the data storage unit 5 and the display unit 6.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, both the multi-spectral-band ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 and the halogen lamp light source system 2 are connected to a power management module 8 for power supply and energy consumption control, and the power management module 8 is connected to the central processing unit 7.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device, the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 and the halogen lamp light source system 2 are uniformly emitted in a point light source form, reach the detection area in a parallel light mode, and reach the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 after being reflected in a non-oil leakage area.
In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, the oil region detection result comprises a multi-spectral-band excitation reflectivity value.
In one embodiment, a multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device comprises,
a light source base 10 in the shape of a circular truncated cone,
the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 is arranged on the top surface of the truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 to collect image signals of an oil leakage area and a non-oil leakage area,
a multi-spectral band uv excitation light source system 1, comprising a plurality of uv light source arrays of different center wavelengths, and: the central wavelengths of the ultraviolet light source arrays are 255nm, 265nm, 315nm and 365nm respectively, the ultraviolet light source arrays are connected with the central processing unit 7, the light-emitting wavelength and the light source intensity are controlled by the central processing unit 7, the plurality of ultraviolet light source arrays are centered on the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9, ultraviolet light sources with different wavelengths are arranged at intervals in a circle and are uniformly arranged at the end part of the truncated cone-shaped light source base 10, the intensities of the ultraviolet light sources are consistent, and light-emitting areas are overlapped;
a halogen lamp light source system 2, which is composed of halogen lamp light with uniform light source intensity distribution in the wavelength range of 400nm-900nm, the halogen lamp light source system 2 is connected with the central processing unit 7 and the light source intensity is controlled by the central processing unit 7, wherein, the halogen lamp light source system 2 is used for: the light source is provided for the imaging of the surface texture information of the power equipment in the indoor or dark light condition, and can be turned off in the outdoor condition;
the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 is controlled by the central processing unit 7 to acquire data, wherein the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 is used for: collecting data images with the wave band interval of 3nm in the wavelength range of 400nm-900nm, and synchronously obtaining three-dimensional data of reflection spectrum-image gray;
a data processing unit 4 connected to the central processing unit 7, wherein the data processing unit 4 is configured to: analyzing the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum-image gray level, and performing multi-spectral image fusion;
a data storage unit 5 connected to the data processing unit 4, wherein the data storage unit 5 is configured to: storing and analyzing the detection result of the oil leakage area;
a display unit 6 connected to the data processing unit 4, wherein the display unit 6 is configured to: visually displaying the detection result of the oil leakage area;
a central processing unit 7, connected to the other units, wherein the central processing unit 7 is configured to: data acquisition, data analysis, task allocation and manual interaction are realized;
a power management module 8, which is connected to all the other units, wherein the power management module 8 is configured to: and each unit supplies power and controls energy consumption.
In the multi-spectral-band excitation oil mark imaging device, the truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 is a hollow truncated cone.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device, the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 and the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1, and the top surfaces of the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9, the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 and the halogen lamp light source system 2 are flush. The multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system 1 comprises 4 groups of 12 ultraviolet light sources with different central wavelengths, namely ultraviolet light sources A-1, A-2 and A-3 with the central wavelength of 255nm, ultraviolet light sources B-1, B-2 and B-3 with the central wavelength of 265nm, ultraviolet light sources C-1, C-2 and C-3 with the central wavelength of 315nm, ultraviolet light sources D-1, D-2 and D-3 with the central wavelength of 365nm, wherein 12 ultraviolet light sources are arranged at intervals in a circle and are uniformly distributed at the end part of the circular table-shaped light source base 10, namely the arrangement sequence is A-1, B-1, C-1, D-1, A-2, B-2, C-2, D-2, A-3, B-3, C-3 and D-3, and simultaneously, the light source intensities at the central wavelengths of the light sources are consistent, and the radiation fields are superposed.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device, the halogen lamp light source system 2 comprises 3 halogen lamp light sources L-1, L-2 and L-3 with wavelength range of 400nm-900nm and consistent light source intensity, wherein the 3 halogen lamp light sources are axisymmetrically distributed on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base 10 and are positioned between the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 9 and the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device, the hyperspectral image acquisition system 3 can acquire data images with the wave band interval of 3nm in the wavelength range of 400nm-900nm and synchronously acquire three-dimensional data of reflection spectrum-image gray.
The multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device further comprises a data processing unit 4 for analyzing reflection spectrum-image gray scale three-dimensional data and performing multi-spectral-band image fusion, a data storage unit 5 for storing and analyzing detection results of an oil leakage area, a display unit 6 for visually displaying the detection results of the oil leakage area, a central processing unit 7 for realizing data acquisition, data analysis, task allocation and manual interaction, and a power management module 8 for supplying power and controlling energy consumption of all units.
The detection method of the multi-spectral-segment excitation oil stain imaging device comprises the following steps,
step S1, starting a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, starting a halogen lamp light source, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process (see S2 in the detailed process), then obtaining a standard white board hyperspectral image (see S3 in the detailed process), obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed (see S3 in the detailed process), and obtaining 255nm excitation reflection spectrum-image gray scale three-dimensional data through normalization processing (see S3 in the detailed process);
the hyperspectral imager selected by us is a push-broom hyperspectral imaging system, as shown in fig. 10, a slit image (i.e., a spatial dimension, x) is collected in each imaging period, then light is dispersed into spectral information (λ) by a dispersive element, and detection is performed on a photodetector array. And controlling the position of the entrance slit by a stepping motor, and scanning along another space dimension (y) to obtain a three-dimensional space spectrum cube (x, y, lambda). The spectral range of the hyperspectral imager is 176 wave bands of 400-900nm, and the pixel of the photoelectric detector is 1936 x 1456, namely x belongs to [1,1936], y belongs to [1,1456 ].
The hyperspectral data structure is a three-dimensional data cube, that is, the hyperspectral data structure includes planar spatial position information (x, y) and spectral information (λ), so that 176 images are obtained simultaneously, and a spectral curve of each pixel point position (x, y) is included, as shown in fig. 11.
Step S2, the 255nm band uv excitation light and the halogen lamp light reach the detection area in parallel, after the target area to be detected in the inspection process is reflected, as shown in fig. 12,
forming a photoelectric response intensity curve DN on each pixel point (x, y) of a photoelectric converter of the hyperspectral imaging system through the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 255nm (x, y, λ), which illustratively takes the form of the following table:
wherein (x, y) is the pixel point coordinate of the photoelectric converter and corresponds to the spatial position in the hyperspectral image one by one, and lambda represents the wavelength of light;
step S3: respectively collecting photoelectric response intensity DN of standard white board 255nmwhite (x, y, lambda) and photoelectric response intensity DN under the lens cover of the closed hyperspectral image acquisition system 255nmblack (x, y, λ), and DN for all coordinate points, respectively 255nmwhite (x, y, λ) and DN 255nmblack (x, y, λ) is averaged to obtain:
and
wherein,
the response value of the photoelectric detector under all wavelengths under the condition of total reflection is characterized,
the dark count results of the photodetector under the influence of thermal noise or the like are shown in fig. 13.
Step S4: the photoelectric response intensity curve DN (x, y, lambda) formed on each pixel point (x, y) is normalized and converted into a reflectivity value I 255nm (x,y,λ)，
Exemplary, I 255nm (x, y, λ) takes the form of the following table:
after normalization, I 255nm (x, y and lambda) are converted into reflection spectrum curves which have physical significance, and due to oil leakage, the oil region has a fluorescence effect and shows different characteristics from the substrate material, so that the oil region and the non-oil region can be distinguished through the difference shown by the reflection spectrum curves.
As shown in fig. 14, it can be seen that the reflectance, i.e., fluorescence, decreases with increasing wavelength when oil leaks, and the fluorescence reflectance of the oil stain is higher in a partial wavelength band than in a non-oil region, and in the wavelength range of visible to near infrared, the reflection spectrum of hydrocarbons is mainly due to electron transition, and on the other hand, the shape of the fluorescence reflectance curve is mainly determined by the base material due to the thinner oil stain.
Step S5: for any coordinate (x) i ,y i ) The reflectivity value of the optical fiber is processed by decentralization, and covariance matrix and eigenvalue a and eigenvalue vector thereof are calculated
Selecting the maximum characteristic value a max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
As the reflectivity value coefficients under different wave bands, the W wave band data fusion and dimension reduction are realized, and the reflectivity value I after the data fusion and the dimension reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in the measurement space coordinate range are calculated 255nm (x,y)；
Due to the fact that the fluorescence effect of the oil leakage area shows different characteristics from those of the base material, the reflection spectrum curves of the oil area and the non-oil area show difference, after data fusion and dimension reduction, the reflectivity value of the oil leakage area is obviously higher than that of the non-oil area, and therefore oil mark imaging is achieved, as shown in fig. 7, the reflectivity values of all coordinate points (x, y) in the measurement space coordinate range before data fusion and after fusion and dimension reduction are shown.
Step S6: closing a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, keeping a halogen lamp light source in an opening state, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in an inspection process (the detailed process is shown in S2), then obtaining a standard whiteboard hyperspectral image (the detailed process is shown in S3), obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed (the acquisition result can be directly applied to S11), obtaining 265nm excitation reflection spectrum-image gray scale three-dimensional data through normalization processing (the detailed process is shown in S3), executing S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion and a reduced-dimension reflectivity value I in all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 265nm (x,y)；
Step S7: closing a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, keeping a halogen lamp light source in an opening state, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in an inspection process (the detailed process is shown in S2), then obtaining a standard whiteboard hyperspectral image (the detailed process is shown in S3), obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed (the acquisition result can be directly applied to S11), obtaining 315nm excitation reflection spectrum-image gray scale three-dimensional data through normalization processing (the detailed process is shown in S3), executing S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion and a post-dimensionality reduction reflectivity value I of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 315nm (x,y)；
Step S8: closing a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 365nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, keeping a halogen lamp light source in an opening state, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be measured in the inspection process (see S2 in the detailed process), then obtaining a standard whiteboard hyperspectral image (see S3 in the detailed process), obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed (can directly apply S11 to obtain a result), obtaining 365nm excitation reflection spectrum-image gray scale three-dimensional data through normalization processing (see S3 in the detailed process), executing S2-S5, and obtaining all coordinate points in a measurement space coordinate range(x, y) data fusion and dimensionality reduction post-reflectance values I 365nm (x,y)；
Step S9: after the steps S1-S8, the reflectivity values after data fusion and dimensionality reduction under 4 ultraviolet excitation light sources are obtained:
I(x,y)＝[I 255nm (x,y) I 265nm (x,y) I 315nm (x,y) I 365nm (x,y)]，
for any coordinate (x) i ,y i ) I (x) of i ,y i ) Performing decentralized processing:
wherein m is the serial number of the wavelength of the ultraviolet excitation light source, and m is 1,2,3, 4;
calculation of I m (x i ,y i ) Covariance matrix of
And its eigenvalue b and eigenvalue vector
Selecting the maximum characteristic value b max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
And as the reflectivity value coefficients under different wavebands, obtaining the multi-spectral-band reflectivity value:
step S10: when I (x) i ,y i ) When the value is 1 or more, the coordinate (x) is considered i ,y i ) The fluorescence effect occurs, and the fluorescence effect is marked as an oil leakage pixel point when I (x) i ,y i ) When the value is less than 1, the coordinate (xi, yi) is considered to have no fluorescence effect, and the coordinate is marked as an oil-leakage-free pixel point; traversing and calculating the multi-spectrum of all coordinate points (x, y) in the target area range to be detected in the routing inspection processSegment reflectance values I (x, y) { I (x) 1 ,y 1 ),I(x 2 ,y 2 ),...,I(x i ,y i ) And judging the pixel-level oil leakage area, and further marking the judgment result of the coordinate point (x, y) on an image under any wave band in the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum-image gray scale, so that pixel-level oil stain imaging can be realized.
In-situ application verification
1. Measuring the oil leakage on the surface of the metal box body of the vegetable oil transformer: the device and the method are used for testing the actual plant test transformer, and a detection result is shown in fig. 9(a), so that the test result of the device and the method is accurate and effective;
2. measuring the leakage of mineral transformer oil on the surface of the silicon rubber material: by using the device and the method, the silicon rubber material is tested after being leaked by the mineral transformer oil, and a detection result is shown in fig. 9(b), so that the test result of the device and the method is accurate and effective;
3. measuring the leakage of mineral transformer oil on the surface of the ceramic material: by using the device and the method, the ceramic material is tested after being leaked by mineral transformer oil, and a detection result is shown in fig. 9(c), so that the test result of the device and the method is accurate and effective;
4. and (3) measuring the mineral transformer oil leaked from the surface of the epoxy resin material: by using the device and the method, the epoxy resin material is tested after being leaked by mineral transformer oil, and the result shows that the test result of the device and the method is accurate and effective as shown in a detection result (d) of fig. 9.
The tests are carried out under the condition of strong light, and the results show that the device and the method can effectively overcome the difficulty of detection under the condition of strong light when the components of the unknown oil sample are used.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-spectral-band excitation oil mark imaging device comprises,
a truncated cone-shaped light source base;
the multispectral ultraviolet excitation light source system comprises a plurality of ultraviolet light source arrays with different central wavelengths, wherein the ultraviolet light source arrays are arranged at the end part of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base and emit ultraviolet light to a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
a halogen lamp light source system including a halogen lamp provided on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base, which emits halogen lamp light having a uniform light source intensity distribution in a predetermined wavelength range;
the hyperspectral image acquisition system acquires image data with wave band intervals of a preset length in a preset acquisition wavelength range and synchronously acquires reflection spectrum-image gray three-dimensional data, wherein the spectral image data with the imaging wave band number higher than 100 wave bands is defined as a hyperspectral image, and the spectral resolution of the hyperspectral image acquisition system is taken as the preset length;
the data processing unit is connected with the hyperspectral image acquisition system to analyze the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum and the image gray level, and performs multispectral image fusion to obtain a detection result of a target area to be detected in the inspection process, wherein the result can indicate whether the target area to be detected leaks oil or not;
a central processing unit connected with the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system, the halogen lamp light source system, the hyperspectral image acquisition system and the data processing unit,
the central processing unit is used for adjusting the light source intensity of the multi-spectrum ultraviolet excitation light source system according to the distance of a target area to be detected in the distance inspection process and switching the light-emitting wavelength after the excitation wavelength image is acquired;
the central processing unit is also used for adjusting the light source intensity of the halogen lamp light source system according to the distance of a target area to be detected in the distance inspection process;
the central processing unit is also used for controlling the hyperspectral image acquisition system to acquire hyperspectral image data and controlling the data processing unit to further perform data analysis on the acquired hyperspectral image data.
2. The multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein preferably the frustum-shaped light source base is a hollow frustum body, and the top surfaces of the multi-spectral ultraviolet excitation light source system, the halogen lamp light source system and the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group for collecting images of oil leakage area and non-oil leakage area are flush mounted on the end of the hollow frustum body.
3. The multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the central wavelengths of the ultraviolet light source arrays are 255nm, 265nm, 315nm and 365nm respectively, the ultraviolet light source arrays are connected with the central processing unit and the central processing unit controls the light-emitting wavelength and the light source intensity, the ultraviolet light source arrays are centered on the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group, the ultraviolet light sources with different wavelengths are arranged at circular intervals and are uniformly arranged at the end of the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base, and the light sources of the ultraviolet light sources have the same intensity and the light-emitting areas are overlapped.
4. The multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging device according to claim 3, wherein the halogen lamp light source system is centrally symmetrically distributed on the circular truncated cone-shaped light source base and is located between the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group and the multi-spectral excitation light source system of ultraviolet light, and the predetermined wavelength range of the halogen lamp light source is 400nm-900 nm.
5. The multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined acquisition wavelength range of the hyperspectral image acquisition system is 400nm-900nm, and the spectral resolution is 3 nm.
6. The multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging apparatus further comprises,
the data storage unit is connected with the data processing unit to store the detection result of the target area to be detected in the inspection process;
the display unit is connected with the data processing unit to visually display the detection result of the target area to be detected in the routing inspection process;
the central processing unit is connected with the data storage unit and the display unit.
7. The multi-spectral excitation oil stain imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-spectral ultraviolet excitation light source system and the halogen lamp light source system are both connected to a power management module for power supply and energy consumption control, and the power management module is connected to the central processing unit.
8. The multi-spectral-segment excited oil stain imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-spectral-segment ultraviolet excitation light source system and the halogen lamp light source system are uniformly emitted in a point light source form, and reach a target area to be measured in an inspection process in a parallel light mode, and reach the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group after the target area to be measured in the inspection process is reflected.
9. The multi-spectral-band excited oil stain imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the detection result of the target area to be detected in the inspection process comprises a multi-spectral-band ultraviolet excited reflectance value.
10. The method for detecting a multi-spectral-band excitation oil stain imaging device according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of,
step S1, starting a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from the multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; starting a halogen lamp light source and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from the multi-spectrum section excitation oil mark imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
further, acquiring a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
then acquiring a hyperspectral image of the standard whiteboard, acquiring the hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, and acquiring three-dimensional data of a reflection spectrum-image gray scale when a 255nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing;
step S2, enabling the 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light and the halogen lamplight to reach a target area to be detected in the inspection process in a parallel light mode, after the target area to be detected in the inspection process is reflected, forming a photoelectric response intensity curve DN on each pixel point (x, y) of a photoelectric converter of the hyperspectral imaging system through the hyperspectral imaging system wide-angle lens group 255nm (x, y, lambda), wherein (x, y) is the pixel point coordinate of the photoelectric converter and corresponds to the spatial position in the hyperspectral image one by one, and lambda represents the wavelength dimension of the photoelectric response intensity curve of the hyperspectral image acquisition system;
step S3: photoelectric response intensity DN of hyperspectral image acquisition system when standard white boards are respectively acquired as target areas to be detected in inspection process 255nmwhite (x, y, lambda) and the photoelectric response intensity DN of the hyperspectral image acquisition system when the lens cover of the hyperspectral image acquisition system is closed 255nmblack (x, y, λ), and DN for all coordinate points, respectively 255nmwhite (x, y, λ) and DN 255nmblack (x, y, λ) is averaged to obtain:
step S4: forming a photoelectric response intensity curve DN for each pixel point (x, y) 255nm (x, y, lambda) is converted into a reflectance value I after normalization treatment 255nm (x，y，λ)，
Step S5: for any coordinate (x) i ，y i ) The reflectivity value of the optical fiber is processed by decentralization, and covariance matrix and eigenvalue a and eigenvalue vector thereof are calculated
Selecting the maximum characteristic value a max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
As reflectivity value coefficients under different wave bands, thereby realizing W wave band data fusion and dimension reduction, and calculating to obtain the reflectivity value I after the data fusion and the dimension reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in the measurement space coordinate range 255nm (x，y)；
Step S6: closing a 255nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a halogen lamp light source, obtaining a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process, then obtaining a standard whiteboard hyperspectral image, obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, obtaining reflection spectrum-image gray three-dimensional data when the 265nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion and a reflectivity value I after dimensionality reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 265nm (x，y)；
Step S7: closing a 265nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, and adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from a multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process; keeping a halogen lamp light source in an open state, and acquiring a hyperspectral image of a target area to be detected in the inspection process;
further acquiring a standard white board hyperspectral image, acquiring a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, acquiring three-dimensional data of a reflection spectrum and an image gray level when a 315nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing steps S2-S5, and obtaining a reflectance value I after data fusion and dimension reduction of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range 315nm (x，y)；
Step S8: closing a 315nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, opening a 365nm wave band ultraviolet excitation light source, adjusting the luminous intensity according to the distance from a multi-spectrum band excitation oil trace imaging device to a target area to be detected in the inspection process, keeping a halogen lamp light source in an opening state, obtaining a hyperspectral image of the target area to be detected in the inspection process, then obtaining a standard white board hyperspectral image, obtaining a hyperspectral image when a lens cover is closed, obtaining three-dimensional data of reflection spectrum-image gray scale when the 365nm ultraviolet light source is obtained through normalization processing, executing steps S2-S5, and obtaining data fusion of all coordinate points (x, y) in a measurement space coordinate range and a reflectivity value I after dimensionality reduction 365nm (x，y)；
Step S9: after the steps S1-S8, the reflectivity values after data fusion and dimensionality reduction under 4 ultraviolet excitation light sources are obtained:
I(x，y)＝[I 255nm (x，y) I 265nm (x，y) I 315nm (x，y) I 365nm (x，y)]，
for any coordinate (x) i ，y i ) I (x) of i ，y i ) Performing decentralized processing:
wherein m is the serial number of the wavelength of the ultraviolet excitation light source, and m is 1,2,3, 4;
calculating I m (x i ，y i ) Covariance matrix of
And its eigenvalue b and eigenvalue vector
Selecting the maximum characteristic value b max Corresponding eigenvalue vector
As a reverse at different wavebandsIndex coefficient, thereby obtaining multi-spectral reflectance values:
step S10: when I (x) i ，y i ) When the value is 1 or more, the coordinate (x) is considered i ，y i ) The fluorescence effect occurs, and the fluorescence effect is marked as an oil leakage pixel point when I (x) i ，y i ) If the value is less than 1, the coordinate (x) is considered i ，y i ) Marking the pixel points without oil leakage as the fluorescence effect does not occur; traversing and calculating multi-spectral-segment reflectivity values I (x, y) { I (x, y) } of all coordinate points (x, y) in the target region range to be detected in the routing inspection process 1 ，y 1 )，I(x 2 ，y 2 )，...，I(x i ，y i ) And judging the pixel-level oil leakage area, and further marking the judgment result of the coordinate point (x, y) on an image under any wave band in the three-dimensional data of the reflection spectrum-image gray scale, so that pixel-level oil stain imaging can be realized.
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