CN114877543B - Tower type photo-thermal power station heliostat scheduling method based on heat absorber temperature control - Google Patents
Tower type photo-thermal power station heliostat scheduling method based on heat absorber temperature control Download PDFInfo
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- CN114877543B CN114877543B CN202210407930.3A CN202210407930A CN114877543B CN 114877543 B CN114877543 B CN 114877543B CN 202210407930 A CN202210407930 A CN 202210407930A CN 114877543 B CN114877543 B CN 114877543B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
- F24S2050/25—Calibration means; Methods for initial positioning of solar concentrators or solar receivers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tower type solar photo-thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a tower type photo-thermal power station heliostat dispatching method based on heat absorber temperature control, which comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring current parameters and states of a heat absorber and influence parameters of solar radiation, meteorological parameters and clouds in current and short periods, calculating temperature related parameters corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time, and judging whether the temperature related parameters exceed the limit; if the target points of the heliostats in each time sequence are not out of limit, confirming the target points of the heliostats in each time sequence; if the temperature-related parameter is out of limit, calculating whether the temperature-related parameter is out of limit or not by gradually moving each heliostat from an initial aiming point to a calculated aiming point after the edge of the heat absorber, and then confirming each heliostat target point at each time sequence until the temperature-related parameter is not out of limit any more, and dispatching the heliostat. According to the invention, the heliostat target point is controlled and the heliostat is scheduled based on the heat absorber temperature related parameters, so that the controllable temperature of the heat absorber can be ensured under various normal steady-state working conditions, starting and stopping and preheating, and the changing working conditions that the mirror field is affected by clouds and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tower type solar photo-thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a heliostat scheduling method of a tower type photo-thermal power station based on temperature control of a heat absorber.
Background
The tower type solar photo-thermal power generation technical route is one of main power generation modes in solar photo-thermal power generation, and more engineering application and popularization are being achieved at present. The basic principle is as follows: the sunlight is reflected to the heat absorber at the top of the heat absorption tower by utilizing a mirror field formed by a plurality of heliostats, working media in the heat absorber are heated, and the working media can directly enter a steam turbine generator unit to generate electricity; the solar energy power generation system can also firstly enter a heat storage system, and can exchange heat with a heat exchange system to generate steam to drive a steam turbine generator to generate electricity when the power generation is needed.
For tower heat collection, heliostats play a role in collecting and converging solar radiation energy, and the heat absorber is responsible for converting the radiation energy converged by the heliostats into heat energy of a heat transfer working medium. Heliostats are the primary devices in a thermal collection field and heat sinks are the core devices in a thermal collection field, which are also the primary and key devices in a tower-type photo-thermal power station. According to the existing project information, the number of heliostats of a tower type photo-thermal power station with a large scale is huge, and generally exceeds 10000 heliostats. The heliostat functions to track the sun and reflect sunlight precisely to the heat sink. When heliostats are required to reflect incident light of the sun, a target point must be assigned thereto. When determining a target point for each heliostat, on one hand, it is considered that the total power of the converging mirror fields on the heat absorber can be influenced by the characteristics of the heliostat and external factors such as solar radiation, solar position, weather, power station operation conditions and the like; on the other hand, the power distribution of heliostats converging on the heat absorber is also limited by the characteristics of the heat absorber itself.
The operation condition of the heat absorber is very bad, the heat absorber not only bears high heat flux density, but also is always in variation, and the heat absorber provides serious challenges for safe and reliable operation. Meanwhile, as the heliostat is far away from the heat absorber, the aiming precision of the heliostat on the heat absorber is limited by the performance of the heliostat, which also brings challenges to the operation of the heat absorber. Therefore, the heat collection field is used for ensuring the safety of the heat absorber in operation, maintaining the high-efficiency operation state of the mirror field, and ensuring that the working medium outlet parameters of the heat absorber meet the design requirements. To achieve the above objective, the target point of the heliostat needs to be set.
The heliostat scheduling method adopted at present mainly comprises the following steps: scheduling is based on heat sink power requirements and scheduling is based on heat sink surface heat flux density requirements. A common problem with both methods is that factors affecting the safe operation of the heat absorber are not fully considered. For example, factors such as uneven distribution of working media in the heat absorber, decomposition of working media, external wind speed, wind direction, interference of cloud and the like influence the temperature of the heat absorber, which causes the heat absorber to have overtemperature pipe explosion, and the risk of freezing and blocking of molten salt can also occur to the molten salt heat absorber, which brings adverse effects to the safe operation of the heat absorber.
Parameters closely related to the safe operation of the heat absorber are the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature distribution gradient. The method of taking the surface power or the heat flux density of the heat absorber as the heliostat dispatching basis cannot directly judge whether the heat absorber is in a safe operation state, for example, for the same heat flux density or power, the temperature values of the heat absorber can be doubled in different process ranges or under different operation conditions, and the method cannot directly and reliably reflect whether the heat absorber is in the safe operation.
In the original method, in order to ensure the safety of the heat absorber, the heat flux density on the surface of the heat absorber is uniformly arranged from top to bottom, the heat flux density value at the end part of the heating surface of the heat absorber is required to be larger, more heliostats aim at the end part of the heat absorber, so that the overflow loss of the heliostats is increased, and the operation efficiency of a mirror field is reduced.
The flow of the heating surface of the heat absorber from the inlet to the outlet is longer, and the metal and the working medium have higher specific heat capacity, so that the whole heat absorber has larger thermal inertia, and the heat absorber is not only influenced by the operation of the thermodynamic system equipment, but also influenced by external sunlight and weather changes such as cloud layers, solar radiation, solar position and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heliostat target point setting and scheduling method based on heat absorber temperature control, which can ensure that the temperature of a heat absorber can be controlled under various normal steady-state working conditions, starting and stopping and preheating and the changing working conditions that a mirror field is influenced by clouds and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the tower type photo-thermal power station heliostat scheduling method based on the temperature control of the heat absorber comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, current parameters and states of a heat absorber and influence parameters of solar radiation, meteorological parameters and clouds in the current and short periods are obtained, a heliostat aiming heat absorber fixed position is used as an initial aiming point, and a heat absorber calculation model is utilized to obtain heat absorber temperature absolute values, temperature change rates and temperature gradient parameters corresponding to each time sequence in a certain period;
s2: comparing the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time with a set value, and judging whether the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time exceeds the limit;
s3: if the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time are not out of limit, confirming each heliostat target point of each time sequence, and sending a target point signal to a heliostat controller;
if the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time are out of limit, calculating whether the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter are out of limit or not by gradually moving each heliostat from an initial aiming point to a calculation aiming point after the edge of the heat absorber until the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time are not out of limit any more; and confirming target points of each heliostat in each time sequence, sending target point signals to a controller of the heliostat, and dispatching the heliostat.
According to the invention, parameters such as the absolute temperature value, the temperature change rate, the temperature distribution gradient and the like of the heat absorber are used as heliostat scheduling basis, so that the aim of safe and controllable heat absorber is realized, and the problem that the operation safety of the heat absorber cannot be reliably, accurately and intuitively represented by the original method is solved.
According to the invention, a heliostat target point pre-aiming database with different time sequences is established by combining a high-precision short-time cloud prediction device technology and a solar radiation and position pre-calculation technology, so that the problem that the temperature of a heat absorber is uncontrollable due to thermal inertia caused by external condition changes such as sunshine weather is avoided.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step S3, a plurality of heliostats are aimed at an initial aiming point, which is close to the heated area in the middle of the heat absorber. According to the invention, parameters directly related to the safety of the heat absorber, such as the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate, the temperature distribution gradient and the like, are used as control objects, and the initial aiming point of the heliostat is aimed at the heated area in the middle of the heat absorber more on the premise of ensuring the safety and controllability of the parameters, so that the non-uniformity of the heat flux density on the surface of the heat absorber is properly allowed, the overflow loss of the heliostat is reduced, and the higher operation efficiency of the mirror field is considered on the premise of ensuring the safety of the heat absorber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats are set gradually, the calculated aiming points of the heliostats are moved gradually in the order from the inner heliostat to the outer heliostat. When the aiming point is set and calculated, the method sequentially carries out the calculation of the aiming points from the inner ring heliostat to the outer ring heliostat until the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time are stopped when the temperature exceeds the limit, and only heliostats of a plurality of layers in the inner ring heliostat are required to be scheduled. The inner ring small-spot heliostat is mainly scheduled, so that the number of heliostat scheduling is reduced, the heliostat scheduling frequency and the moving range are reduced, and the disturbance of parameters of the heat absorber caused by the fluctuation of target points of the heliostat is effectively avoided. Because the scheduling number and the frequency of heliostats are reduced, the calculation time consumption is reduced, and the tracking energy consumption of the heliostats is reduced.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats are set stepwise, the movement directions of the calculated aiming points of the adjacent heliostats are opposite. When heliostat target points are set, the method that the heliostat target points move to the upper part and the lower part of the heat absorber respectively according to the odd-even ring number in the mirror field is that the target points of a plurality of heliostats on the heat absorber are more uniform. Compared with the movement to the single side of the heat absorber, the movement method can reduce the temperature of the end part of the heat absorber, is beneficial to reducing the number of circulation iterations and can improve the operation safety of the heat absorber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the influence of solar radiation, weather parameters, and clouds in the current and short periods is also considered when the absolute value of the absorber temperature, the temperature change rate, and the temperature gradient parameter are calculated as new calculated aiming points.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the heat flux density of the heat absorber is also calculated after each adjustment calculation of the aiming point. The heliostat power and the heat absorber operating parameters change along with time, and after each target point adjustment, the heat flux density converged on the heat absorber is required to be continuously calculated for the next target point adjustment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, parameters such as the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate, the temperature distribution gradient and the like of the heat absorber are used as heliostat scheduling basis, so that the aim of safe and controllable heat absorber is realized, and the problem that the operation safety of the heat absorber cannot be reliably, accurately and intuitively represented by the original method is solved.
2. According to the invention, a heliostat target point pre-aiming database with different time sequences is established by combining a high-precision short-time cloud prediction device technology and a solar radiation and position pre-calculation technology, so that the problem that the temperature of a heat absorber is uncontrollable due to thermal inertia caused by external condition changes such as sunshine weather is avoided.
3. According to the invention, on the premise of ensuring the safety and controllability of the parameters, the initial aiming point of the heliostat is aimed more at the heated area in the middle of the heat absorber, the non-uniformity of the heat flux density on the surface of the heat absorber is properly allowed, the overflow loss of the heliostat is reduced, and the higher operation efficiency of the mirror field is considered on the premise of ensuring the safety of the heat absorber.
4. The inner ring small-spot heliostat is mainly scheduled, so that the number of heliostat scheduling is reduced, the heliostat scheduling frequency and the moving range are reduced, and the disturbance of parameters of the heat absorber caused by the fluctuation of target points of the heliostat is effectively avoided. Because the scheduling number and the frequency of heliostats are reduced, the calculation time consumption is reduced, and the tracking energy consumption of the heliostats is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of heliostat target point movement;
FIG. 3 is a layout of heliostats of a tower photo-thermal power plant;
FIG. 4 is a heliostat target point schedule in an embodiment.
In the figure: 1-a heat absorber; 2-heliostats; 3-target point.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for dispatching heliostats of a tower-type photo-thermal power station based on temperature control of a heat absorber of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, current parameters and states of the heat absorber 1 and influence parameters of solar radiation, meteorological parameters and clouds in the current and short periods are obtained, and the heat absorber calculation model is utilized to obtain the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time.
The heliostat 2 is aimed at the fixed position of the heat absorber 1 (for example, the height of the target point 3 of the heliostat 2 is the central elevation value z of the heat absorber 1, and the azimuth angle of the target point 3 of the heliostat 2 is the azimuth angle θ of the target point in the mirror field) as an initial aiming point.
The heat absorber calculation model is as follows: firstly, the heat flux density f of the lens field converged on each computing unit on the surface of the heat absorber 1 is calculated, and then the effective heat flux density f2=f-f 1 on the surface of the heat absorber 1 is obtained according to the subtraction of the reflectivity f1 on the surface of the heat absorber 1. Taking f2 as the effective heat flux density on the heat absorber calculation unit, the flow in the heat absorber calculation unit is Q, the specific heat of the heat transfer medium is lambda, and the temperature rise of the heat transfer medium can be calculated to be delta t. And then the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1 can be calculated according to a classical formula of heat transfer chemistry. The absolute temperature values of the heat absorbers 1 at the respective timings can be calculated for f, Q at the different timings. And the parameters of each time sequence are stored in a database form.
S2: comparing the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time with a set value, and judging whether the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time exceeds the limit.
S3: if the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter corresponding to each time sequence are not out of limit within a certain time, confirming the target point 3 of each heliostat 2 of each time sequence, and sending a target point signal to the controller of each heliostat 2.
If the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time are out of limit, calculating whether the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber 1 are out of limit or not by gradually moving each heliostat 2 from an initial aiming point to a calculated aiming point after the edge of the heat absorber 1 until the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time are no longer out of limit; the target point 3 of each heliostat 2 at each timing is confirmed, a target point signal is transmitted to the controller of the heliostat 2, and the heliostat 2 is scheduled.
Wherein, the calculation of the aiming point is to assume a target point 3, and is used to calculate the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters at the target point 3, instead of actually scheduling the target point 3 of the heliostat 2. And when the calculated absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter are not out of limits, the heliostat 2 is scheduled.
According to the invention, parameters such as the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate, the temperature distribution gradient and the like are used as the scheduling basis of the heliostat 2, so that the aim of safely and controllably controlling the heat absorber 1 is fulfilled, and the problem that the original method cannot reliably, accurately and intuitively represent the operation safety of the heat absorber 1 is solved.
The flow of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 from the inlet to the outlet is longer, and the metal and the working medium have higher specific heat capacity, so that the whole heat absorber 1 has larger thermal inertia, and the heat absorber 1 is not only influenced by the operation of the thermodynamic system equipment of the heat absorber 1, but also influenced by external sunlight and weather changes such as cloud layers, solar radiation, solar position and the like. According to the invention, a high-precision short-time cloud prediction device technology and a solar radiation and position pre-calculation technology are combined, a pre-aiming database of target points 3 of heliostats 2 with different time sequences is established, and the problem that the temperature of the heat absorber 1 is uncontrollable due to thermal inertia caused by external condition changes such as sunshine weather is avoided.
In order to achieve a compromise in field operation efficiency, a number of heliostats 2 are aimed at an initial aiming point, which is close to the heated area in the middle of the heat absorber 1, prior to step S3. According to the invention, parameters directly related to the safety of the heat absorber 1, such as the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate, the temperature distribution gradient and the like, are used as control objects, and the initial aiming point of the heliostat 2 is aimed at the heated area in the middle of the heat absorber 1 more on the premise of ensuring the safety and controllability of the parameters, so that the unevenness of the heat flux density on the surface of the heat absorber 1 is properly allowed, the overflow loss of the heliostat 2 is reduced, and the higher operation efficiency of the mirror field is considered on the premise of ensuring the safety of the heat absorber 1.
In order to reduce the number and frequency of heliostat 2 scheduling, in step S3, when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats 2 are set gradually, the calculated aiming points of the heliostats 2 are moved gradually in the order from the inner ring heliostats 2 to the outer ring heliostats 2. When the aiming point is set and calculated, the method sequentially carries out the calculation of the aiming points from the inner ring heliostat 2 to the outer ring heliostat 2 until the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber 1, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time are stopped when the temperature exceeds the limit, and only heliostats 2 in a plurality of layers in the inner ring heliostat 2 are required to be scheduled. The inner ring small-spot heliostat 2 is mainly scheduled, so that the scheduling number of the heliostats 2 is reduced, the scheduling frequency and the moving range of the heliostats 2 are reduced, and the parameter disturbance of the heat absorber 1 caused by the fluctuation of target points 3 of the heliostats 2 is effectively avoided. Because of the reduced scheduling number and frequency of heliostats 2, the calculation time consumption is reduced, and the tracking energy consumption of heliostats 2 is reduced.
Further, when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats 2 are set stepwise, the movement directions of the calculated aiming points of the adjacent heliostats 2 are opposite. When the target points 3 of the heliostats 2 are arranged, the method of moving to the upper part and the lower part of the heat absorber 1 respectively according to the odd-even ring number in the mirror field is that the target points of a plurality of heliostats 2 on the heat absorber 1 are more uniform. Compared with the movement to the single side of the heat absorber 1, the movement method can reduce the temperature of the end part of the heat absorber 1, is beneficial to reducing the number of circulation iterations and can improve the operation safety of the heat absorber 1.
It should be noted that in step S3, the influence of solar radiation, weather parameters, and clouds in the current and short periods is also considered when calculating whether the absolute value of the temperature, the rate of change of the temperature, and the temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber 1 are over-limited by the new calculated aiming point.
In step S3, after each adjustment calculation of the aiming point, the heat flow density of the heat absorber 1 is also calculated. The power of the heliostat 2 and the operation parameters of the heat absorber 1 change with time, and after each adjustment of the target point 3, the heat flux density converged on the heat absorber 1 needs to be continuously calculated for the next adjustment of the target point 3.
Examples:
taking a certain tower type photo-thermal power station as an example: 94.95 degrees of east longitude and 43.63 degrees of north latitude of the power station; the central coordinates of the heat absorption tower are (0, 0); the central elevation of the heat absorber 1 is 200m, and the diameter D of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 R High H of heating surface of heat absorber 1 R . The whole field is provided with 14000 heliostats 2 and distributed around the heat absorption tower in a ring shape, as shown in fig. 3.
According to the method, when 14000 heliostats 2 are aimed at the elevation of 200.0m of the heat absorber 1, absolute values of the surface temperature, temperature gradients and temperature change rates of the heat absorber 1 corresponding to time sequences in a certain time are calculated according to the step S1.
Calculated, there is the above-mentioned overtemperature problem, requiring the heliostat 2 to be scheduled. Calculated to obtain the light spot radius R of the first ring heliostat 2 close to the heat absorber 1 1 Considering tracking and surface type deviation of the heliostat 2, the distance between the light spot edge and the edge of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is C 1 Moving a target point 3 of the heliostat 2 of the first ring to the upper edge of the heat absorber 1, wherein the distance between the target point 3 and the upper edge of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is C 1 +R 1 As shown in fig. 4. The height of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is H R Then the target point 3 is high200.0+0.5×H R -(C 1 +R 1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For heliostat 2 with azimuth angle θ in the field of view, target point 3 is (200.0+0.5×h R -(C 1 +R 1 )，0.5×D R cosθ，0.5×D R sin θ). Similarly, the second ring heliostat 2 near the heat absorber 1 has a spot radius R 2 Considering tracking and surface type deviation of the heliostat 2, the distance between the light spot edge and the edge of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is C 2 Moving the target point 3 of the heliostat 2 of the second ring to the lower edge of the heat absorber 1, wherein the distance between the target point 3 and the upper edge of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is C 2 +R 2 As shown in fig. 4. The height of the heating surface of the heat absorber 1 is H R The height of the target point 3 is 200.0-0.5 XH R +(C 2 +R 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For heliostat 2 with azimuth angle θ in the field of view, target point 3 is (200.0-0.5×h R +(C 2 +R 2 )，0.5×D R cosθ，0.5×D R sinθ)。
The calculation steps are repeated until the scheduled mirror field target point 3 meets the temperature control requirement of the heat absorber 1, and then whether the scheduled mirror field target point 3 is sent to the heliostat 2 controller to adjust the tracking target position of the heliostat 2 is determined according to the requirement.
The invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and any person who may derive other various forms of products in the light of the present invention, however, any changes in shape or structure thereof, all falling within the technical solutions defined in the scope of the claims of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for dispatching heliostats of the tower type photo-thermal power station based on the temperature control of the heat absorber is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, current parameters and states of the heat absorber (1) and influence parameters of solar radiation, meteorological parameters and clouds in the current and short periods are obtained, a heliostat aiming heat absorber fixing position is used as an initial aiming point, and a heat absorber calculation model is utilized to obtain absolute temperature values, temperature change rates and temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence in a certain period;
s2: comparing the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time with a set value, and judging whether the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence in a certain time are out of limit;
s3: if the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameter of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time are not out of limit, confirming the target point (3) of each heliostat (2) of each time sequence, and sending a target point signal to a controller of each heliostat (2);
if the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time period are out of limit, calculating whether the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber (1) are out of limit or not by gradually moving each heliostat (2) from an initial aiming point to a calculated aiming point after the edges of the heat absorber (1) until the absolute value of the temperature, the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters of the heat absorber (1) corresponding to each time sequence within a certain time period are not out of limit; confirming target points (3) of heliostats (2) in each time sequence, sending target point signals to a controller of the heliostats (2), and dispatching the heliostats (2);
in step S3, when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats (2) are set gradually, the calculated aiming points of the heliostats (2) are moved gradually in the order from the inner ring heliostats (2) to the outer ring heliostats (2); when the calculated aiming points of the heliostats (2) are set gradually, the moving directions of the calculated aiming points of the adjacent heliostats (2) are opposite.
2. The tower-type photo-thermal power plant heliostat dispatching method based on heat absorber temperature control of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: before step S3, aiming a plurality of heliostats (2) at an initial aiming point, wherein the initial aiming point is close to a heated area in the middle of the heat absorber (1).
3. The tower-type photo-thermal power plant heliostat dispatching method based on heat absorber temperature control of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in step S3, the influence of solar radiation, weather parameters and cloud influence parameters in the current and short periods is also considered when the absolute value of the temperature of the heat absorber (1), the temperature change rate and the temperature gradient parameters are calculated with new calculated aiming points.
4. The tower-type photo-thermal power plant heliostat dispatching method based on heat absorber temperature control of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in step S3, after each adjustment calculation of the aiming point, the heat flow density of the heat absorber (1) is also calculated.
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