CN114876428A - Modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal - Google Patents
Modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN114876428A CN114876428A CN202210459217.3A CN202210459217A CN114876428A CN 114876428 A CN114876428 A CN 114876428A CN 202210459217 A CN202210459217 A CN 202210459217A CN 114876428 A CN114876428 A CN 114876428A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
Abstract
The invention provides a modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal, which comprises the following steps: dividing the selected rich-oil coal seam into a plurality of blocks, and performing step development on the rich-oil coal in each block; carrying out first-stage development on a coal bed by using microorganisms, and extracting coal tar and gas in the coal bed; secondly, developing the coal bed through heating fluid, and extracting coal tar in the coal bed for the second time; injecting a gasifying agent into the coal bed to carry out third-stage development on the coal bed, and converting the residual fixed carbon in the coal bed into combustible gas; and finally, filling a gasification cavity formed after the coal seam around the radial well is gasified. According to the invention, the rich coal development area is divided into a plurality of rich coal blocks, so that the construction difficulty of the whole rich coal development project can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of rich coal resources is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-rich coal mining, and particularly relates to a modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal.
Background
The oil-rich coal is a coal-based oil gas resource and is an important supplement of oil gas resources in China. The underground in-situ conversion technology is the main direction for realizing low carbonization and green development of coal resources, and compared with the traditional coal resource development process, the underground in-situ conversion technology can reduce the damage to the environment, improve the resource utilization rate and reduce the transportation and labor cost. The underground in-situ conversion technology of the oil-rich coal mainly comprises underground in-situ gasification and underground in-situ pyrolysis. In the underground in-situ gasification, rich oil coal is ignited in the underground in-situ mode, controlled combustion is carried out, the rich oil coal is converted into gas, and the gas is extracted to the ground surface for grading and quality-grading utilization. The underground in-situ pyrolysis is to crack organic matters in the oil-rich coal into coal tar and gas under the high-temperature condition, and then extract the products to the ground surface for grading and quality-grading utilization.
The existing underground in-situ conversion technology is mostly single underground in-situ gasification and underground in-situ pyrolysis technology, patent CN113803040A provides an oil-rich coal underground in-situ gasification and pyrolysis integrated co-mining method, the construction of a heat conduction column in the scheme is difficult, the cost is high, and a gasification cavity generated in the underground in-situ is not treated, so that a coal seam roof is likely to collapse, and the gasification process is blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal, which solves the problems of insufficient utilization of a coal bed and easy collapse of a cavity after gasification of the coal bed in the prior art by the modularization and cascade development method and reduces the development difficulty of comprehensive utilization of oil-rich coal resources.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular and step development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal, comprising the following steps:
step one, dividing an oil-rich coal development area into a plurality of oil-rich coal blocks;
drilling an injection well and a production well in each oil-rich coal block, wherein the injection well and the production well are drilled below a coal seam bottom plate, the injection well and the production well are communicated by a plurality of radial wells, cementing the whole well sections of the injection well and the production well, putting a casing into the radial wells, and then performing perforation operation on the radial wells;
injecting microbial fermentation liquor into the coal seam from the injection well, wherein the pressure of the microbial fermentation liquor is greater than the coal seam fracture initiation pressure, closing the injection well and the production well, performing first-stage development, extracting reaction products from the production well after the first-stage development is stopped, and separating the reaction products on the ground;
fourthly, a downhole heater is put into the injection well, a product extraction pipe is put into the production well, and a high-temperature-resistant packer is arranged at the lower part of the product extraction pipe and is positioned between the upper radial well and the lower radial well; injecting a heating fluid into the coal seam to heat the coal seam for secondary development, wherein the pressure of the heating fluid is greater than the coal seam initiation pressure, the heating fluid pyrolyzes the coal seam from bottom to top, and then extracting the products of the lower coal seam and the upper coal seam to the ground for separation;
step five, filling a filter layer into the production well after the second-stage development of the coal seam is completed, then descending a tubular igniter from the injection well to the lower-layer radial well, and injecting a gasification agent;
step six, carrying out third-stage development on the coal seam gasification operation, extracting a gasification product from a production well to the ground for separation, gasifying the coal seam around a lower-layer radial well to form a gasification cavity, filling solid particles into the gasification cavity through a tubular igniter, and finally injecting high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement slurry to consolidate the solid particles;
and seventhly, repeating the sixth step, gasifying the coal seam from bottom to top, and filling the gasification cavity.
Further, the solid particles are carried by the supercritical carbon dioxide to the gasification cavity.
Furthermore, the microbial fermentation liquid is Phanerochaete chrysocolla, and the microbial fermentation liquid can not only extract coal tar and gas in a coal bed, but also enhance the seam forming effect of the coal bed and improve the development quality of subsequent processes.
Further, the injected heating fluid is preheated at the surface by the products in the third step and the fourth step.
Further, the sleeve pipe outside of injection well and production well all is provided with temperature sensor, temperature sensor is located coal seam roof, coal seam middle part and coal seam bottom plate respectively for monitoring reaction temperature.
Further, the temperature of the heating fluid is 600-800 ℃.
Further, the filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite and is used for filtering the solid particles in the sixth step, so that the solid particles are ensured to be filled into the gasification cavity, and the solid particles are prevented from filling the production well.
Further, the first step to the sixth step are development steps of a single development block, and the combustible gas generated in the block n-1 can be used as a heat source for generating the heating fluid in the fourth step in the block n for the whole rich coal development block.
Further, the packed layer of block n-1 serves as a thermal reservoir for preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide in step six of block n.
And further, in the sixth step, the filling layer is completely made of porous high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement, and after the heat of the filling layer is used up, the filling layer can be used as a carbon dioxide reservoir.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention provides the modularization and cascade development method for the underground in-situ conversion of the oil-rich coal, which divides an oil-rich coal development area into a plurality of oil-rich coal blocks, can reduce the construction difficulty of the whole oil-rich coal development project and improve the utilization efficiency of oil-rich coal resources; the microbial fermentation liquor not only improves the seam making effect on the coal seam, but also produces partial coal tar and gas, improves the resource utilization efficiency of the oil-rich coal, and simultaneously preheats the coal seam, and reduces the heat required to be injected during the second-stage development; the heating fluid injected during the second stage of development can also kill the microorganisms remained in the coal bed; and during third-stage development, the filling layer is filled in the gasification cavity, so that the stability of the third-stage development can be improved, and meanwhile, the filling layer can be used as a fluid to be heated when the thermal reservoir preheats the second-stage development and the third-stage development, the waste of coal bed heat is reduced, and the resource utilization rate of the oil-rich coal is improved.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of coal-rich block division.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal seam drilling configuration.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of radial well perforation.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the microbial broth after injection.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of extracted coal tar.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial vaporization cavity fill layer.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a gasification cavity fill layer.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an injection well; 2. a production well; 3. a monitoring well; 4. a coal seam roof; 5. a coal seam; 6. a coal seam floor; 7. a radial well; 8. a microbial fermentation broth; 9. a high temperature resistant packer; 10. a downhole heater.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structural features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "aligned", "overlapping", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have particular orientations, be constructed and operated in particular orientations, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal, which comprises the following steps of:
step one, as shown in figure 1, dividing an oil-rich coal development area into a plurality of oil-rich coal blocks;
step two, as shown in fig. 2, drilling an injection well 1 and a production well 2 in each oil-rich coal block, wherein the injection well 1 and the production well 2 are drilled below a coal seam floor 6, specifically, the injection well 1 and the production well 2 are drilled to the position 5 meters below the coal seam floor 6, the injection well 1 and the production well 2 are completely fixed in the well section, temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the casings of the injection well 1 and the production well 2, the temperature sensors are respectively positioned 2 meters above a coal seam roof 4, 2 meters in the middle of a coal seam 5 and 2 meters below a coal seam floor 6, for monitoring the reaction temperature, the injection well 1 and the production well 2 are communicated by a plurality of radial wells 7, and a casing is arranged in the radial wells 7, the casing is a high temperature resistant casing and then a perforating operation is performed on the radial well 7, the perforating direction being as shown in figure 3, in FIG. 3, the x-axis is the upper and lower reference axes of the radial well 7, and the y-axis is the left and right reference axes of the radial well 7; in particular, the number of radial wells 7 depends on the thickness of the coal seam 5.
Step three, as shown in fig. 4, injecting prepared microorganism fermentation liquor 8 from an injection well 1 into a coal seam 5, wherein the pressure of the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 is greater than the fracture initiation pressure of the coal seam 5, specifically, the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 is phanerochaete chrysocola, then closing the injection well 1 and a production well 2, performing first-stage development, injecting the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 into the coal seam 5 through high pressure, allowing the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 to enter the coal seam 5 through a channel after perforation, allowing the high-pressure microorganism fermentation liquor 8 to generate dense cracks in the coal seam 5 in the fermentation process, filling the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 into the coal seam 5, monitoring the reaction temperature in an oil-rich coal block in real time through an arranged temperature sensor, detecting the components of a gas product in real time, and judging the biochemical reaction process of the coal seam 5; stopping the first-stage development of the coal seam 5 when the biochemical reaction rate of the coal seam 5 is not rapidly increasing; after the first-stage development is stopped, extracting reaction products from the production well 2, separating the reaction products on the ground, and respectively storing combustible gas, coal tar and carbon dioxide; because organic matters in the coal seam 5 and the high-pressure microbial fermentation liquor 8 generate a series of biochemical reactions, after reaction products are completely extracted, the coal seam 5 can generate a large number of pore fractures, and the method can be used for second-stage development of the coal seam 5;
the microbial fermentation liquid 8 not only enables the coal seam 5 to generate a large number of cracks before reaction, but also enables the microbial fermentation liquid 8 to further enhance the seam forming effect of the microbial fermentation liquid 8 through the reaction with organic matters in the coal seam 5, and improves the development quality of the subsequent process; meanwhile, the microorganism fermentation liquor 8 also converts part of organic matters in the coal seam 5 into oil and gas. During the first-stage development, the crack forming effect of the microbial fermentation liquid 8 on the coal seam 5 is greatly improved compared with the traditional hydraulic fracturing effect. In addition, the heat generated by a series of biochemical reactions is also used for preliminary preheating of the coal seam 5, so that the heat required to be injected during secondary development of the coal seam 5 can be reduced.
Step four, as shown in fig. 5, after the first-stage development process of the coal seam 5 is completed, a downhole heater 10 is put into the injection well 1, a product extraction pipe 11 is put into the production well 2, a high-temperature-resistant packer 9 is arranged at the lower part of the product extraction pipe 11, and the high-temperature-resistant packer 9 is positioned between the upper radial well 7 and the lower radial well 7; injecting heating fluid (nitrogen, supercritical carbon dioxide, combusted flue gas and the like) into the coal seam 5 to perform second-stage development on the coal seam 5, specifically, the temperature of the heating fluid is 600-800 ℃, the pressure of the heating fluid is greater than the fracture initiation pressure of the coal seam 5, the heating fluid flows through a large number of flow channels (hole fractures left after the first-stage development of the coal seam 5) in the coal seam 5, the coal seam 5 is rapidly pyrolyzed from bottom to top, products of the lower coal seam 5 are extracted from a product extraction pipe 11 to the ground and separated, and combustible gas, coal tar and carbon dioxide are respectively stored; then placing a high-temperature-resistant packer 9 at the lower part of the coal seam roof 4, extracting a product of the upper coal seam 5 from a product extraction pipe 11 to the ground for separation, and respectively storing combustible gas, coal tar and carbon dioxide;
when the energy of the combustible gas generated by the oil-rich coal block is enough to heat the fluid to the required temperature and pressure, the downhole heater 10 uses the combustible gas as a heat source, and when the energy of the combustible gas is insufficient, the downhole heater 10 uses electric energy to heat the fluid to the required temperature and pressure value range; the injected heating fluid can be preheated on the ground by using the products in the third step and the fourth step, so that the heat required for heating the heating fluid is reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the rich coal development block is improved; the heating fluid injected during the second stage development can also kill the microorganisms in the first stage;
step five, after the second-stage development of the coal seam 5 is completed, filling a filter layer into the production well 2, wherein the filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite and is used for isolating solid particles filled with a gasification cavity in the coal seam 5, then descending a tubular igniter (used for igniting the coal seam 5) from the injection well 1 to the lower-layer radial well 7, and injecting a gasification agent;
and sixthly, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, performing third-level development on the coal seam 5, extracting the gasification product from the production well 2 to the ground for separation, and respectively storing combustible gas, coal tar and carbon dioxide. Because the coal seam 5 has been heated at the time of the second stage development, the gasification of the coal seam 5 is more easily ignited than conventional coal seam 5 gasification. The coal seam 5 around the lower radial well 7 can form a gasification cavity after gasification, when the volume of the gasification cavity accounts for 10% of the developed block, solid particles (the solid particles are coal gangue, ground building solid waste and the like, and the utilization rate of the ground solid waste can be improved) are filled into the gasification cavity through a tubular igniter, the solid particles are carried to the cavity by supercritical carbon dioxide, after the first filling of the solid particles is completed, a vibrator is put into the lower radial well 7 from an injection well 1, the solid particles in the gasification cavity are densely filled, the solid particles are filled into the gasification cavity again, the filling effect is strengthened by the vibrator, then high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement slurry is injected, the solid particles are consolidated, the strength of a filling layer is strengthened, and the collapse of a coal seam roof 4 is prevented.
And seventhly, repeating the sixth step, gasifying the coal seam 5 from bottom to top, and filling the gasification cavity.
Furthermore, the cement used in the filling layer in the sixth step is common high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement and porous high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement. In fig. 1, in the marginal blocks (e.g., block 1 to block 5, block n-2, block n-1 and block n) of the whole rich coal development project, the filling layer (marginal portion of the block) where the left radial well 7 is located in the sixth step is made of ordinary high temperature resistant early strength cement, and the filling layer (portion of the block close to the center) where the right radial well 7 is located is made of porous high temperature resistant early strength cement; and in the sixth step, the filling layer is completely made of porous high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement, so that the fluid can pass through the filling layer, and a supercritical carbon dioxide storage cavity is formed.
Further, two monitoring wells 3 are drilled downwards in the coal seam roof 4, specifically, the bottom of the monitoring well 3 is 2 meters away from the coal seam, and the monitoring well 3 is used for placing a temperature sensor located on the coal seam roof 4.
Further, the first step to the sixth step are development steps of a single development block, and for the whole rich coal development block, the combustible gas generated in the block n-1 can be used as a heat source for the fourth step in the block n to generate a heating fluid
Further, the packed layer of block n-1 serves as a thermal reservoir for preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide in step six of block n.
After the heat of the filling layer is utilized, the filling layer can be used as a carbon dioxide reservoir layer, and the supercritical carbon dioxide is sealed in the filling layer, so that the carbon emission in the process of oil-rich coal development is reduced; the development steps of each rich coal development block can be independently carried out or can be carried out in a correlated mode.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A modularization and cascade development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing an oil-rich coal development area into a plurality of oil-rich coal blocks;
drilling an injection well (1) and a production well (2) in each oil-rich coal block, drilling the injection well (1) and the production well (2) below a coal seam floor (6), communicating the injection well (1) and the production well (2) by using a plurality of radial wells (7), cementing the whole well sections of the injection well (1) and the production well (2), putting a casing into the radial wells (7), and then performing perforation operation on the radial wells (7);
step three, injecting microorganism fermentation liquor (8) into the coal seam (5) from the injection well (1), wherein the pressure of the microorganism fermentation liquor (8) is greater than the fracture initiation pressure of the coal seam (5), then closing the injection well (1) and the production well (2), carrying out first-stage development, extracting reaction products from the production well (2) after the first-stage development is stopped, and carrying out separation on the ground;
fourthly, a downhole heater (10) is put into the injection well (1), a product extraction pipe (11) is put into the production well (2), a high-temperature-resistant packer (9) is arranged at the lower part of the product extraction pipe (11), and the high-temperature-resistant packer (9) is positioned between the upper radial well (7) and the lower radial well (7); injecting a heating fluid into the coal seam (5) to heat the coal seam (5) for secondary development, wherein the pressure of the heating fluid is greater than the fracture initiation pressure of the coal seam (5), the heating fluid pyrolyzes the coal seam (5) from bottom to top, and then extracting products of the lower coal seam (5) and products of the upper coal seam (5) to the ground for separation;
step five, after the second-stage development of the coal seam (5) is completed, filling a filter layer into the production well (2), then descending a tubular igniter into a lower radial well (7) from the injection well (1), and injecting a gasification agent;
step six, carrying out third-stage development on the gasification operation of the coal seam (5), extracting a gasification product from the production well (2) to the ground for separation, forming a gasification cavity after the coal seam (5) around the lower radial well (7) is gasified, filling solid particles into the gasification cavity through a tubular igniter, and finally injecting high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement slurry to consolidate the solid particles;
and seventhly, repeating the sixth step, gasifying the coal seam (5) from bottom to top, and filling the gasification cavity.
2. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solid particles are carried by the supercritical carbon dioxide to the gasification cavity.
3. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microbial fermentation liquid (8) is Phanerochaete chrysocolla.
4. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: preheating the injected heating fluid at the surface by using the products in the third step and the fourth step.
5. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sleeve pipe outside of injection well (1) and producing well (2) all is provided with temperature sensor, temperature sensor is located coal seam roof (4), coal seam middle part (5) and coal seam bottom plate (6) respectively for monitoring reaction temperature.
6. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the heating fluid is 600-800 ℃.
7. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite and is used for filtering the solid particles in the sixth step, ensuring that the solid particles are filled into the gasification cavity and preventing the solid particles from filling the production well.
8. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal according to claim 1, wherein: and the first step to the sixth step are development steps of a single development block, and for the whole oil-rich coal development block, the combustible gas generated in the block n-1 can be used as a heat source for generating a heating fluid in the fourth step in the block n.
9. The modular and step development method for underground in situ conversion of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the packed layer of block n-1 serves as a thermal reservoir, preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide in step six of block n.
10. The modular and step development method for underground in-situ conversion of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 or 9, characterized by: and in the sixth step, the filling layer is completely made of porous high-temperature-resistant early-strength cement, and after the heat of the filling layer is used up, the filling layer can be used as a carbon dioxide reservoir.
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| CN117823112A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 太原理工大学 | In-situ coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production different-layer mining method and device |
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| CN117823112B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-30 | 太原理工大学 | In-situ coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production different-layer mining method and device |
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