CN114875702B - Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass - Google Patents
Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114875702B CN114875702B CN202210479005.1A CN202210479005A CN114875702B CN 114875702 B CN114875702 B CN 114875702B CN 202210479005 A CN202210479005 A CN 202210479005A CN 114875702 B CN114875702 B CN 114875702B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- straw
- lignin
- biomass
- sesame
- tio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently and cleanly degrading lignin in straw biomass, which is characterized in that sesame straw is used for degrading lignin in biomass at room temperature by a photocatalysis method, and a biomass precursor with high cellulose content and low lignin content is obtained by optimizing photocatalysis reaction conditions. After photocatalytic degradation, the biomass provided by the invention has the highest cellulose content of 55.43%, and the lignin content of 9.96%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomass material method, in particular to a method for efficiently and cleanly degrading lignin in straw biomass.
Background
Biomass energy has become an important point of research as a low-cost, green and renewable energy source due to the increasing shortage of non-renewable resources such as coal and petroleum. The straw biomass contains abundant cellulose and hemicellulose resources, and can be applied to preparing high-added-value products such as adsorbent, biomass ethanol, super absorbent resin and the like, so that the straw biomass can be efficiently utilized to generate huge economic and ecological benefits.
In the process of utilizing straw resources, researchers find that the efficiency of directly utilizing the straw resources is not high. The lignin in the composition structure of the straw has a highly cross-linked polymeric structure, so that the cellulose and the hemicellulose are coated, and are difficult to be directly degraded and utilized. Therefore, the lignin structure is destroyed in the pretreatment process, and the lignin is removed and separated. The connection bond in the lignin structure is mainly beta-O-4, which accounts for 45-62% of the lignin ether part, so that the cleavage of the alkyl-aryl ether beta-O-4 bond is the core for realizing lignin removal.
Multiphase photocatalysis has been widely studied in the conversion and utilization of biomass and derivative compounds thereof due to the advantages of clean and energy saving, easy separation of catalyst, mild reaction conditions and the like. Some semiconductor photocatalysts have been used for photocatalysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Titanium dioxide (TiO) 2 ) Is the most commonly used semiconductor material because of its strong oxidizing ability by pre-excitation under radiation of appropriate frequency, long-term light stability, commercial availability and low cost. Accordingly, much research has been conducted on the lignin beta-O-4 model and the photocatalytic conversion of natural lignin in lignocellulosic biomass.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a method for efficiently and cleanly degrading lignin in straw biomass.
The technical scheme is as follows: the high-efficiency clean method for degrading lignin by photocatalysis comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing and sieving the cleaned and dried sesame straw;
(2) Repeating the operation of the step (1) until all sesame straws are sieved;
(3) Drying the powder sieved in the step (2);
(4) Placing the sesame straw powder dried in the step (3) into a container;
(5) TiO is taken 2 Adding into the container in the step (4), adding distilled water, and dispersing to TiO by ultrasonic 2 The distribution is uniform;
(6) After fully and uniformly mixing, regulating the pH value of the system, transferring the system into a photocatalytic reaction device, and adsorbing the system for a certain time in a dark place;
(7) Starting an ultraviolet lamp to irradiate for photocatalytic reaction;
(8) After the reaction is finished, filtering and separating out a sample, and washing with distilled water until washing liquid is neutral;
(9) And drying the cleaned sample to constant weight to obtain the biomass with low lignin content.
Further, in the step (1), the sesame straw is washed by ultrapure water to remove surface impurities, and then is put into an oven at 80-110 ℃ to be dried for 12-24 hours, and is crushed by a crusher and is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw powder with uniform size.
Further, in the step (5), the ultrasonic dispersion time is more than 10 minutes; catalyst selection TiO 2 The mass ratio of the straw powder to the catalyst is 10-50:1;
further, in the step (6), a 1M sodium hydroxide solution is selected for adjusting the pH, and the pH is adjusted to be alkaline, preferably about 10; the light-resistant adsorption time is more than 30 minutes;
further, in the step (7), the ultraviolet irradiation wavelength is 254nm; the photocatalytic reaction temperature was room temperature.
The mechanism of the photocatalysis depolymerization lignin method provided by the invention is as follows: ti (Ti)O 2 Photocatalysis is a photon-driven reaction process with multiple basic steps, adsorption processes generally involving TiO 2 The surface begins. When TiO 2 Adsorption energy is higher than or equal to its band gap (E g ) Electrons in the filled valence band will be excited to the vacancy conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band. E (E) g The values of (2) and the band edge positions of the conduction band and valence band respectively determine TiO 2 The light absorption properties and redox capabilities of the photocatalyst. For TiO 2 The generation process of the photo-catalysis and electron-hole pairs is shown as the following formula:
TiO 2 +hv→e - (TiO 2 )+h + (TiO 2 )
after separation of the electron-hole pairs, only the separated electrons or holes that migrate to the surface have the opportunity to drive reduction or oxidation reactions, respectively. During migration, most electrons and holes recombine at the surface or in the bulk, and the energy of the charge carriers is converted into vibrational energy of lattice atoms (phonons) or photons. According to widely accepted TiO 2 The whole photocatalytic reaction can be divided into the following two half reactions: electron-induced reduction and hole-induced oxidation. More importantly, the photocatalytic reaction can only occur in TiO 2 Surface, which means that charge carriers generated by photon excitation must migrate to the surface and transfer to the reactants to drive the reaction. Thus, the charge needs to be separated, thermalized, trapped, recombined and transported to drive the reaction.
Photocatalysis depends on the use of TiO as a photocatalyst 2 Two successive intermolecular single electron transfer processes between electron donor and electron acceptor are initiated to facilitate conversion of reactants to products. TiO when absorbing visible photons 2 A long-lived triplet excited state is produced which is more oxidizing and reducing than the ground state species. Thus, the photocatalyst TiO 2 The reaction of (2) may be carried out by an oxidation or reduction quenching cycle. In the oxidative quenching cycle, the photocatalyst TiO 2 By reduction of the electron acceptor by single electron transfer, a long-life triplet excited radical anion of the acceptor and the photocatalyst is formed, the latter being derived from an electron donor (alsoBy single electron transfer) to receive electrons, generate free radical cations of the donor, and return to the long-life triplet excited state of the photocatalyst, completing the photocatalytic cycle, promoting the cleavage of alkyl-aryl ether beta-O-4 bonds in lignin. After cleavage of the β -O-4 bond, the acceptor radical anion and the donor radical cation are subsequently converted into stable end products.
Since lignin structure is mainly connected by beta-O-4 bond, tiO 2 The catalyst has high selectivity to the cleavage of beta-O-4 bond in the catalytic process, so that the lignin structure can be efficiently deconstructed. This process differs from conventional catalytic degradation methods in that a large amount of strong acid or strong base is required, and the photocatalyst TiO 2 Is easy to recycle after the reaction is finished, so the catalytic process is quite clean.
The efficient and clean method deconstructs the lignin structure in the biomass, so that the biomass precursor with high cellulose content and low lignin content is obtained, and the purpose of modification is achieved. The modified biomass can be used as a precursor for preparing biochar adsorbent and other products with high added value.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the preparation raw materials have the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness and the like. Sesame is one of the main oil crops, is widely planted, and generates a large amount of agricultural wastes (sesame leaves and stems). The leaves and stems are discarded or burned as agricultural by-products, which not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also causes huge resource waste. Therefore, the sesame straw which is agricultural waste is fully reused, and the resource utilization rate is greatly improved.
2. Compared with the traditional degradation method by strong acid and alkali, the method for degrading biomass by photocatalysis is cleaner and more efficient, and has beneficial effects on improving the added value of biomass.
3. After photocatalytic degradation, the biomass provided by the invention has the highest cellulose content of 55.43%, and the lignin content of 9.96%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM map of sesame straw before and after photocatalytic degradation; wherein a, b: sesame straw which is not subjected to photocatalytic degradation; c. d: sesame straw subjected to photocatalytic degradation;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of sesame straw before and after photocatalytic degradation;
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of sesame straw before and after photocatalytic degradation;
FIG. 4 is a thermogravimetric analysis map of sesame straw before and after photocatalytic degradation; wherein a: sesame straw which is not subjected to photocatalytic degradation; b: sesame straw subjected to photocatalytic degradation;
FIG. 5 shows the photocatalytic TiO at various concentrations 2 An evaluation result of the photocatalytic degradation degree;
FIG. 6 shows the results of evaluation of photocatalytic degradation levels at different pH values in a photocatalytic system;
fig. 7 is a graph comparing the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content of sesame straw before and after photocatalytic degradation.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
And (5) cleaning sesame straw, and then placing the cleaned sesame straw in an oven for drying. Then, the cleaned and dried sesame straw is crushed by a small crusher and is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the operation is repeated until all the sesame straw is sieved. The undersize powder was collected and placed in a vacuum dryer and kept dry.
Example 2
Experiment of influence of photocatalyst concentration on lignin degradation rate: weighing 2.5g of dry sesame straw powder, placing the sesame straw powder into a 250mL conical flask, and respectively weighing 50mg, 100mg, 150mg, 200mg and 250mg of TiO 2 Add to the conical flask and add 250mL distilled water and sonicate for 15min. After fully and uniformly mixing, regulating the pH value of the system to 10, transferring the system into a photocatalytic reaction device, absorbing for 35min in a dark place, and then starting an ultraviolet lamp (wave254nm long) is irradiated for 6 hours to perform photocatalysis reaction. After the reaction is finished, a sample is separated by suction filtration and is washed by distilled water until the washing liquid is neutral. The cleaned sample is put into a constant temperature drying oven and dried to constant weight at 80 ℃. When TiO 2 When the mass concentration is 0.8g/L, the cellulose content reaches the maximum value of 55.02%.
Example 3
Experiment of influence of pH value of catalytic system on lignin degradation rate: weighing 2.5g of dried sesame straw powder and 150mg of TiO 2 Placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask and 250mL distilled water was added and sonicated for 15min. After being fully and uniformly mixed, the pH values of the system are respectively adjusted to 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12, the mixture is transferred into a photocatalytic reaction device, is adsorbed for 35 minutes in a dark place, and then an ultraviolet lamp (with the wavelength of 254 nm) is started to irradiate for 6 hours for photocatalytic reaction. After the reaction is finished, a sample is separated by suction filtration and is washed by distilled water until the washing liquid is neutral. The cleaned sample is put into a constant temperature drying oven and dried to constant weight at 80 ℃. When the initial pH of the photocatalytic system is 10.0, the lignin mass concentration reaches the minimum value, 14.07%, and the cellulose content reaches the maximum value, 54.88%.
Example 4
Weighing 2.5g of dried sesame straw powder and 200mg of TiO 2 Placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask and 250mL distilled water was added and sonicated for 15min. After being fully and uniformly mixed, the pH value of the system is regulated to 10, the system is transferred into a photocatalytic reaction device, is adsorbed for 35min in a dark place, and then an ultraviolet lamp (with the wavelength of 254 nm) is started to irradiate for 6h for photocatalytic reaction. After the reaction is finished, a sample is separated by suction filtration and is washed by distilled water until the washing liquid is neutral. The cleaned sample is put into a constant temperature drying oven and dried to constant weight at 80 ℃. After photocatalytic degradation, the degradation rate of the lignin in the sesame straw reaches 9.96%, and the cellulose content is increased to 55.43%.
Example 5 evaluation of Performance the product was characterized in terms of morphology and crystallization Properties
The morphology of the performance evaluation product prepared in example 4 was characterized by using a scanning electron microscope, and as shown in fig. 1, SEM images of sesame straw samples of sesame straw not subjected to photocatalytic degradation and photocatalytic degradation were obtained. In contrast, some morphological changes occurred in sesame straw after photocatalytic degradation, indicating partial damage in the biomaterial structure, although their main backbone was unchanged. As can be observed in SEM images, the sesame straw that has not been photo-catalytically degraded is smooth in surface and regular in structure, while the sesame straw that has been photo-catalytically degraded is severely damaged in surface, becomes rugged, very rough, and has irregular holes. This indicates that after photocatalytic degradation, a part of lignin surrounding cellulose is destroyed and cellulose is exposed.
The crystallinity of the performance evaluation product prepared in example 4 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, and as shown in fig. 2, two peaks were mainly observed in the diffraction pattern. The main peak is at 22.0 °. Sharp diffraction peaks at 2θ=15.6° and 2θ=22° are typical features of cellulose I, and peaks of the sesame straw after photocatalytic degradation are slightly pointed, indicating that the crystallinity of the fiber after photocatalytic degradation is higher compared to the original fiber. Removing hemicellulose and lignin components can widely change the structure of natural fibers, increase the surface area of crystals and improve crystallinity. The analysis shows that the photocatalytic degradation can cause a certain change to the structure of the sesame straw.
Example 6 characterization of sesame straw results after photocatalytic degradation
The degraded sesame straw prepared in example 4 was subjected to infrared spectrum test, as shown in fig. 3, in which the first is located at 3500cm -1 The nearby Jiang Kuanfeng is related to the stretching vibration of the O-H of the phenol, alcohol and carboxylic acid functions. At 2800cm -1 ～3000cm -1 1300cm -1 The nearby peaks are probably due to the-CH on cellulose and hemicellulose 2 and-CH 3 Stretching vibration of C-H in the functional group. 1730cm -1 The peak at is the result of the stretching vibration of the free carbonyl c=o (aldehyde, ketone or carboxyl) in the hemicellulose component. 1650cm -1 The nearby peak may be the tensile vibration corresponding to c=c on the aromatic hydrocarbon in lignin. 1050cm -1 The nearby peak should then be the stretching vibration of the C-O in cellulose and hemicellulose. By comparing the spectra before and after photocatalysis, we can see that these peaks are blue shifted, which indicates thatThe sesame straw structure after photocatalysis treatment is destroyed, and the lignin structure is effectively degraded.
Example 6 thermal stabilization before and after photocatalytic degradation
Analysis of thermogravimetric analysis profile of biomass prepared in example 4 as shown in fig. 4, TGA (thermogravimetric) and DTG (differential thermogravimetric) analysis of raw and photocatalytically degraded biomass samples at a constant heating rate of 20 ℃/min were analyzed as a function of temperature evolution. In general, the pyrolysis process of lignocellulosic biomass can be divided into four main parts: moisture and very light volatile components removal (< 120 ℃); degradation of hemicellulose (220-315 ℃); lignin and cellulose decomposition (315-400 ℃) and lignin degradation (> 450 ℃). The original and photocatalytically degraded biomass samples showed different thermal behavior. In the region of 180-210 ℃, there is a shoulder on the DTG curve, which means that there is a poorly thermostable extractables in the biomass sample. Compared with the original biomass, the shoulder peak of the biomass sample subjected to photocatalytic degradation is obviously weakened, and the result shows that the content of the extractables in the sesame straw is reduced after the photocatalytic reaction.
Claims (3)
1. The method for efficiently and cleanly degrading lignin in straw biomass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Crushing and sieving the cleaned and dried sesame straw;
(2) Repeating the operation of the step (1) until all sesame straws are sieved;
(3) Drying the powder sieved in the step (2);
(4) Placing the sesame straw powder dried in the step (3) into a container;
(5) TiO is taken 2 Adding into the container in the step (4), adding distilled water, and dispersing to TiO by ultrasonic 2 The distribution is uniform;
(6) After fully and uniformly mixing, regulating the pH value of the system, transferring the system into a photocatalytic reaction device, and adsorbing the system for a certain time in a dark place;
(7) Starting an ultraviolet lamp to irradiate for photocatalytic reaction;
(8) After the reaction is finished, filtering and separating out a sample, and washing with distilled water until washing liquid is neutral;
(9) Drying the cleaned sample to constant weight to obtain biomass with low lignin content;
in the step (7), the ultraviolet irradiation wavelength is 254nm; the temperature of the photocatalysis reaction is room temperature;
the photocatalyst in the step (6) selects TiO 2 The mass ratio of the straw powder to the catalyst is 10-50: 1, a step of;
in the step (6), adjusting the pH to be alkaline by using a sodium hydroxide solution; the time of light-proof adsorption is more than 30 minutes.
2. The method for efficiently and cleanly degrading lignin in straw biomass according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), sesame straw is washed by ultrapure water to remove surface impurities, and the sesame straw is put into an oven at 80-110 ℃ to be dried for 12-24 hours, and then crushed by a crusher and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain straw powder with uniform size.
3. The method for efficiently cleaning lignin in a straw biomass according to claim 1 wherein the ultrasonic dispersion time in step (5) is greater than 10 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210479005.1A CN114875702B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210479005.1A CN114875702B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114875702A CN114875702A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
| CN114875702B true CN114875702B (en) | 2023-10-17 |
Family
ID=82673006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210479005.1A Active CN114875702B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114875702B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115536861A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-12-30 | 华南农业大学 | Pretreatment method for full-component utilization of corn straws and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101792495A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-08-04 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for ultrasonically catalyzing and extracting hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin from plant straws |
| CN103088692B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-09-23 | 河南科技大学 | Selective Separation lignin and cellulosic method from lignocellulose-like biomass |
| CN104974354A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | 东北林业大学 | Method for degrading lignin using visible-light response composite catalyst |
| WO2018060498A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Norwegian University Of Life Sciences | Process for degrading a polysaccharide employing a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase |
| CN114196039A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-18 | 华南理工大学 | Method for extracting lignin, cellulose and sugar from destructured corn straw lignocellulose |
-
2022
- 2022-04-29 CN CN202210479005.1A patent/CN114875702B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114875702A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Abdullah et al. | Bifunctional nano-catalyst produced from palm kernel shell via hydrothermal-assisted carbonization for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil | |
| CN111672497B (en) | Method for in-situ synthesis of cerium dioxide/graphite phase carbon nitride composite photocatalytic material | |
| CN114875702B (en) | Efficient and clean method for degrading lignin in straw biomass | |
| Jiang et al. | Surface modification of porous gC 3 N 4 materials using a waste product for enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light | |
| CN107670696A (en) | A kind of (NH of metal-organic framework materials UIO 662The preparation method of)/bar-shaped cadmium sulfide composite photo-catalyst | |
| Abdessemed et al. | Impregnation of ZnO onto a vegetal activated carbon from algerian olive waste: A sustainable photocatalyst for degradation of ethyl violet dye | |
| CN107243340B (en) | Preparation method of cerium dioxide nanorod doped titanium dioxide nanoparticle photocatalyst | |
| CN109126758B (en) | Preparation method and application of blue titanium dioxide | |
| Wu et al. | Effect of reaction temperature on properties of carbon nanodots and their visible-light photocatalytic degradation of tetracyline | |
| Yang et al. | Facile synthesis of nitrogen-defective gC 3 N 4 for superior photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B | |
| CN115283015B (en) | Organometallic framework composite photocatalyst BiVO 4 @NH 2 Preparation method of MIL-125 (Ti) | |
| CN108620109B (en) | Preparation method and application of cerium vanadate/modified attapulgite up-conversion heterojunction photocatalyst | |
| CN111701587A (en) | Core-shell structure catalysis-photocatalysis composite material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN114733534A (en) | Bismuth oxybromide-lignin composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof | |
| Wang et al. | Using diaper waste to prepare magnetic catalyst for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate | |
| CN112961697A (en) | Method for preparing catalytic pyrolysis product rich in monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon from moso bamboo cellulose | |
| CN111790409A (en) | Lanthanum oxide-bismuth-rich bismuth oxyiodide composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114044917B (en) | Method for pretreating cellulose by using 4-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate-ethanol binary system | |
| CN111484405B (en) | Method for preparing aromatic acid monomer by comprehensively utilizing agricultural waste raw materials | |
| Pang et al. | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green using titanium dioxide immobilised on oil palm empty fruit bunch derived cellulose | |
| Zhong et al. | Biomass carbon-based composites for adsorption/photocatalysis degradation of VOCs: A comprehensive review | |
| Liu et al. | Simultaneous photocatalytic biomass conversion and CO2 reduction over high crystalline oxygen-doped carbon nitride | |
| CN111659429A (en) | Preparation method of cadmium sulfide-cesium phosphotungstate composite material and application of composite material as visible-light-driven photocatalyst to hydrogen preparation | |
| CN116139921B (en) | Preparation method and application of tail coal-based zeolite@CDs-TiO 2 composite photocatalyst | |
| Nandanwar et al. | Thermocatalytic degradation of industrial waste lignin to prepare activated carbon |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |