CN114874304A - Silkworm sericin extraction process - Google Patents
Silkworm sericin extraction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114874304A CN114874304A CN202210699206.2A CN202210699206A CN114874304A CN 114874304 A CN114874304 A CN 114874304A CN 202210699206 A CN202210699206 A CN 202210699206A CN 114874304 A CN114874304 A CN 114874304A
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- fumigation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/43504—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates
- C07K14/43563—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates from insects
- C07K14/43586—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates from insects from silkworms
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of silk processing, in particular to a sericin extraction process, which comprises the following steps: s1, removing silkworm pupa in the silkworm cocoon; s2, cleaning and drying the silkworm cocoons of which the silkworm pupas are removed in the step S1; s3, shearing the silkworm cocoons dried in the step S2 into silkworm cocoon fragments; s4, performing ammonia fumigation on the silkworm cocoon fragments obtained in the step S3 by using fumigation equipment 1, wherein the fumigation time is 1 h; s5, pouring the silkworm cocoon fragments fumigated in the S4 into a degumming tank 2, heating to 90-95 ℃, wherein the degumming liquid is a sodium carbonate solution, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 2.5%, the bath ratio is 1: 50, degumming for 30 minutes, wherein the mixture in the degumming tank needs to be continuously stirred in the degumming process, and filtering is carried out after 30 minutes to obtain the sericin containing a sodium carbonate solution; and S6, repeatedly washing the sericin containing the sodium carbonate solution obtained in the S5 with deionized water, filtering, and washing the sodium carbonate solution coated on the sericin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of silk processing, in particular to a sericin extraction process.
Background
Silk mainly comprises two kinds of protein of silk sericin and silk fibroin, is generally called silk fibroin, and silk sericin surrounds on silk fibroin's top layer, plays adhesive effect, and silk sericin and silk fibroin have different structures and performance: the sericin is globular protein, has a secondary structure mainly comprising random coil, has poor stability, and can be dissolved in hot water, acid, alkali, protease, low-concentration sodium carbonate solution, etc.; the silk fibroin is fibrous protein, contains a large amount of crystal structures, has stable performance, can be dissolved in solutions of high-concentration calcium chloride, calcium chloride ethanol water mixed solution, lithium bromide and the like, therefore, proper dissolving solution can be selected for extraction treatment according to the solubility difference and the practical application requirements of the silk fibroin in different solutions to obtain various silk proteins with different structures and performances, and the silk fibroin can be used for processing and preparing cosmetics, food additives, biological tissue repair materials, high water absorption materials, drug carriers, cell culture mediums and other functional materials with different forms.
However, in the prior art, the extraction of sericin is often incomplete, sericin in silkworm cocoons cannot be completely extracted, the extraction rate of sericin is very low, and thus material waste is caused, and even if an extraction method is adopted to efficiently extract sericin, the amount of disposable silkworm cocoons is extremely limited due to the limitation of special conditions, and the amount of the disposable silkworm cocoons is very small, so that the extraction efficiency is extremely low, for example, the application number is as follows: CN201410828143.1 discloses a method for extracting fibroin, which discloses fumigating with ammonia gas before degumming, and describes: the step two, namely, the silkworm cocoon fragments are fumigated by ammonia gas, specifically, the silkworm cocoon fragments are spread on a screen mesh, ammonia gas is introduced into a closed environment for fumigation, and the using amount of the ammonia gas is 0.5-0.8kg of ammonia gas for fumigating the spread silkworm cocoon fragments with one square meter; the mass fraction of the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution in the third step is 15-20% ", so that when the silkworm cocoon fragments are fumigated, the silkworm cocoon fragments need to be spread on a screen, if the fumigation effect is good, only a thin layer can be spread, the amount of the silkworm cocoon fragments degummed each time is very small, and once the silkworm cocoon fragments are spread on the screen cloth too thickly, the silkworm cocoon fragments in the middle can not be fumigated by ammonia gas at all or can be fumigated fully, so that the amount of the silkworm cocoon fragments degummed each time is obviously reduced, although the reelability of the silkworm cocoon fragments is greatly improved by the fumigation of the ammonia gas, the extraction rate of the sericin can be greatly improved finally, but the method greatly reduces the working efficiency, can not meet the large demand of the society for the sericin, therefore, on the premise of high extraction rate, a fumigation device with large disposable fumigation amount and good fumigation effect is urgently needed to realize high-efficiency extraction of silk keratin.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sericin extraction process, which solves the problems in the prior art, not only greatly improves the extraction rate of the sericin, but also can realize the extraction of the sericin of silkworm cocoon fragments in a large batch at one time, greatly improves the working efficiency, further can realize the extraction of the sericin of silkworm cocoons in a large batch, and meets the social requirements.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a sericin extraction process is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, removing silkworm pupa in the silkworm cocoon; s2, cleaning and drying the silkworm cocoons of which the silkworm chrysalis is removed in the S1 step; s3, shearing the silkworm cocoons dried in the step S2 into silkworm cocoon fragments; s4, performing ammonia fumigation on the silkworm cocoon fragments obtained in the step S3 by fumigation equipment, wherein the fumigation time is 1 h; s5, pouring the silkworm cocoon fragments fumigated in the S4 into a degumming tank, heating to 90-95 ℃, wherein the degumming liquid is a sodium carbonate solution, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 2.5%, the bath ratio is 1: 50, degumming for 30 minutes, wherein the mixture in the degumming tank needs to be continuously stirred in the degumming process, and filtering is carried out after 30 minutes to obtain the sericin containing a sodium carbonate solution; s6, repeatedly cleaning the sericin containing the sodium carbonate solution obtained in the step S5 with deionized water, filtering, cleaning the sodium carbonate solution coated on the sericin, and obtaining the sericin solution after cleaning; s7, obtaining the sericin by dialyzing the sericin solution obtained in the step S6: firstly, putting the sericin solution into a dialysis bag, wherein the molecular weight which can be intercepted by the dialysis bag is 3000-5000D, then dialyzing for 3 days by running water, then dialyzing for 12 hours by deionized water, then filtering to obtain a precipitate, then carrying out suction filtration by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to obtain white crystallized sericin.
Preferably, fumigation equipment in S4 includes the fumigation case, the top of fumigation case is equipped with the upper cover that can open and shut, on cover the intercommunication have the upper end of breather pipe, the lower extreme intercommunication of breather pipe has the gas holder, from the top down is fixed with a plurality of screens in proper order on the internal face of fumigation case, the material of screen is the rubber band, its four sides are fixed in proper order on the internal face of four sides of fumigation case, four edges are fixed with one deck balloon membrane on its bottom surface, the last fixed surface of balloon membrane has the lower extreme of a plurality of rubber bands, the juncture of mesh and mesh on the screen cloth is fixed to the upper end of rubber band.
Preferably, two prickers are fixed on the upper surface of the screen, and the two prickers are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the screen.
Preferably, the screen comprises a screen body, the screen body is fixedly connected with a frame, the outer surface of the frame is fixed on the inner wall surface of the fumigation box, and the bottom surface of the frame is fixed with an air balloon membrane.
Preferably, the shape of the mesh is rectangular, one end of a rubber band which is inclined outwards and downwards is fixed at each of four corners of the bottom surface of the mesh, the other end of the rubber band is fixed on a collection column, the collection column is positioned on a central vertical line of cross junctions of the four meshes, and the bottom surface of the collection column is fixed on the upper surface of the air balloon membrane.
Preferably, the pond of coming unstuck among S5 is including the pond body that comes unstuck, and the left and right sides of the pond body that comes unstuck is equipped with left branch strut portion and right branch strut portion rather than integrated into one piece respectively, and the upper surface of left branch strut portion is equipped with the fumigation case, and the bottom surface right side edge portion of fumigation case is in the same place with the upper surface of left branch strut portion is articulated, and its height is greater than the length of the pond body that comes unstuck, and detachably is connected with a plurality of shutter on its right flank, and the shutter setting is in the top of screen cloth.
Preferably, an arc-shaped rubber strip is fixed on the upper surface of the right supporting part.
Preferably, the fumigation box comprises a plurality of sub fumigation boxes and a bottom plate, wherein the bottom surface of the last sub fumigation box is fixed with an insertion frame, the top surface of the next sub fumigation box and the top surface of the bottom plate are provided with insertion grooves matched with the insertion frame, the inner wall of each insertion groove is fixed with the outer wall surface of a silica gel slot, and the width of each silica gel slot is slightly smaller than that of the insertion frame.
Preferably, the degumming tank body is internally provided with a silk fibroin collecting box, the silk fibroin collecting box is internally provided with a silk fibroin filtering box, and the inner wall surface of the silk fibroin filtering box is fully distributed with salient points.
Preferably, the sericin filter box is provided with octagonal filter holes, and a stirring mechanism is arranged on the filter holes.
(III) advantageous effects
1. The invention aims to provide a silkworm sericin extraction process, which introduces fumigation equipment with a special structure to fully fumigate silkworm cocoons before degumming by ammonia gas, so that the reelability of the silkworm cocoons is improved, the extraction rate of the silkworm sericin is greatly improved, the quantity of the once-fumigated silkworm cocoons is greatly increased, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;
2. according to the invention, through arranging the structures such as the screen mesh, the balloon membrane and the rubber band made of the rubber band materials in the fumigation box, the cocoons with larger quantities can be fumigated fully in the fumigation box to the greatest extent through the mutual linkage effect, and in addition, the whole power source is the introduction of ammonia, so that the intervention of external energy is not needed, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved;
3. according to the invention, the fumigation box is hinged with the degumming tank, so that the silkworm cocoon fragments in the fumigation box can be conveniently taken out;
4. according to the invention, the sericin collecting box, the sericin filtering box and the stirring mechanism are arranged in the degumming tank body, and meanwhile, the filtering holes in the sericin filtering box are octagonal, and the salient points are arranged on the filtering holes, so that the extraction efficiency and the extraction quality of the sericin are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the fumigation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fumigation chamber of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an overall schematic view of a screen according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the rubber band and gathering posts on the bottom surface of a cut-out portion of a screen of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an overall schematic view of the degumming tank according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the specific connection between the fumigation apparatus and the degumming tank according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the fumigation chamber of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the sub-fumigation chamber of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a top view of the degumming tank body, the silk fibroin collecting box and the silk fibroin filtering box according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-fumigation equipment, 1-1-fumigation box, 1-1-1-sub-fumigation box, 1-1-2-bottom plate, 1-1-3-plug frame, 1-1-4-plug groove, 1-1-5-silica gel slot, 1-2-upper cover, 1-3-vent pipe, 1-4-gas storage tank, 1-5-screen mesh, 1-5-1-screen mesh body, 1-5-2-frame, 1-6-balloon membrane, 1-7-rubber band, 1-8-mesh, 1-9-pricker, 1-10-gathering column, 1-11-stop gate, 2-degumming tank, etc, 2-1-degumming tank body, 2-2-left supporting part, 2-3-right supporting part, 2-4-arc rubber strip, 2-5-silk fibroin collecting box, and 2-6-silk fibroin filtering box.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a sericin extraction process is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, removing silkworm pupae in the silkworm cocoons; s2, cleaning and drying the silkworm cocoons of which the silkworm chrysalis is removed in the S1 step; s3, shearing the silkworm cocoons dried in the step S2 into silkworm cocoon fragments; s4, performing ammonia fumigation on the silkworm cocoon fragments obtained in the step S3 by using fumigation equipment 1, wherein the fumigation time is 1 h; s5, pouring the silkworm cocoon fragments fumigated in the S4 into a degumming tank 2, heating to 90-95 ℃, wherein the degumming liquid is a sodium carbonate solution, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 2.5%, the bath ratio is 1: 50, degumming for 30 minutes, wherein the mixture in the degumming tank needs to be continuously stirred in the degumming process, and filtering is carried out after 30 minutes to obtain the sericin containing a sodium carbonate solution; s6, repeatedly cleaning the sericin containing the sodium carbonate solution obtained in the step S5 with deionized water, filtering, cleaning the sodium carbonate solution coated on the sericin, and obtaining the sericin solution after cleaning; s7, obtaining the sericin by dialyzing the sericin solution obtained in the step S6: firstly, putting a silkworm sericin solution into a dialysis bag, wherein the molecular weight which can be intercepted by the dialysis bag is 3000-plus 5000D, dialyzing for 3 days by running water, dialyzing for 12 hours by deionized water, filtering to obtain a precipitate, filtering by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to obtain white crystalline silkworm sericin.
The fumigation device 1 in S4 comprises a fumigation box 1-1, an openable upper cover 1-2 is arranged at the top of the fumigation box 1-1, the upper cover 1-2 is communicated with the upper end of a vent pipe 1-3, the lower end of the vent pipe 1-3 is communicated with an air storage tank 1-4, a plurality of screen meshes 1-5 are sequentially fixed on the inner wall surface of the fumigation box 1-1 from top to bottom, the screen meshes 1-5 are made of rubber bands, four sides of the screen meshes 1-5 are sequentially fixed on the inner wall surfaces of four side surfaces of the fumigation box 1-1, a layer of balloon membrane 1-6 is fixed at four edges on the bottom surface, the lower end of a plurality of rubber bands 1-7 is fixed on the upper surface of the balloon membrane 1-6, the upper end of the rubber band 1-7 is fixed at the junction of meshes 1-8 and meshes 1-8 on the screen meshes 1-5, when the silkworm cocoon fragments need to be fumigated, firstly opening the upper cover 1-2, pouring the silkworm cocoon fragments into the upper cover 1-2, wherein the silkworm cocoon fragments are stacked on the uppermost screen mesh 1-5, then closing the upper cover 1-2, because a closed space needs to be kept when ammonia fumigation is carried out, the upper cover 1-2 can be spliced with the fumigation box 1-1, an inserting frame is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper cover 1-2, an inserting groove is arranged on the top surface of the fumigation box 1-1, a silica gel slot is fixed in the inserting groove, the inserting frame is extruded and inserted into the silica gel slot, so that good fixing and sealing effects are achieved, in order to facilitate the opening and closing of the upper cover 1-2, the fumigation box 1-1 can be fixed on the top surface thereof, a handle is closed, and ammonia is introduced into the fumigation box 1-1, wherein the air storage tank 1-4 stores compressed ammonia gas, the air pipe 1-3 is provided with a gas flow controller which can control the gas flow, the proper flow is selected to introduce the ammonia gas into the fumigation box 1-1, the air balloon membrane 1-6 can be slowly enlarged along with the continuous introduction of the ammonia gas into the fumigation box 1-1, which is equivalent to a process of blowing air balloons, and it needs to be explained that when silkworm cocoon fragments are piled up together, because the silkworm cocoon fragments are not compacted, gaps are still left among the silkworm cocoon fragments, and the gas is non-porous and non-permeable, so that the silkworm cocoon fragments can reach the air balloon membrane 1-6 through the gaps, the process of blowing the silkworm cocoon fragments to be large is only slow, in order to ensure that the air balloon membrane 1-6 can be blown to be large more quickly, the edge screen mesh can not be blocked when the silkworm cocoon fragments are placed, thereby facilitating the ammonia gas to blow the air balloon membrane 1-6 downwards, in the process that the balloon membrane 1-6 is blown to be large, the rubber band 1-7 pulls the screen mesh 1-5 downwards, the screen mesh 1-5 pulls the screen mesh 1-8 on the screen mesh 1-5 upwards in the process that the screen mesh 1-5 is pulled downwards, then the silkworm cocoon fragments fall downwards from the screen mesh 1-8 and fall into the balloon membrane 1-6, in the falling process, the screen mesh 1-5 deforms to a certain degree, so that the silkworm cocoon fragments on the screen mesh 1-5 move and roll to a certain degree, the fumigating effect is better, the silkworm cocoon fragments falling downwards also roll and shift in the falling process, and the like, so that the fumigating is more sufficient, the balloon membrane 1-6 becomes larger and larger along with the continuous introduction of ammonia gas into the fumigating box 1-1, and the bottom end of the enlarged balloon membrane 1-6 abuts against the screen mesh 1-5 below the fuming box, that is, the second screen mesh 1-5 from top to bottom is pressed downwards to deform until the balloon membrane 1-6 is burst, silkworm cocoon fragments originally falling into the balloon membrane 1-6 are burst out during burst, the burst silkworm cocoon fragments fall onto the second screen mesh 1-5, the silkworm cocoon fragments in the balloon membrane 1-6 are fully dispersed during burst, the fully dispersed silkworm cocoon fragments are fully fumigated by ammonia, the uppermost screen mesh 1-5 is subjected to a rebound process due to no downward pulling force during burst, the rebound process has a good rolling effect on the remaining silkworm cocoon fragments, and the silkworm cocoon fragments on the screen mesh can be fully fumigated, the second screen mesh 1-5 is not subjected to downward resistance of the air balloon membrane 1-6, and a rebounding process can also occur, so that a shaking process can be performed on silkworm cocoon fragments falling on the second screen mesh 1-5, and the silkworm cocoon fragments are further rolled, so that the fumigating effect is more sufficient, the air balloon membrane 1-6 on the third screen mesh 1-5 can be slowly blown to be large along with continuous introduction of ammonia, the process on the second screen mesh 1-5 is repeated, and the silkworm cocoon fragments can be fumigated fully after passing through the screen meshes 1-5 layer by layer, and the reelability of the silkworm cocoon fragments can be greatly improved.
The two puncture needles 1-9 are fixed on the upper surface of the screen cloth 1-5, and the two puncture needles 1-9 are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the screen cloth 1-5, because the balloon membrane 1-6 has the problem of difficult cracking or too long cracking time in the process of enlarging, the puncture needles 1-9 are needed to puncture the balloon membrane 1-5, and the puncture needles 1-9 are arranged on the two sides of the screen cloth 1-5, because the middle part of the balloon membrane 1-6 is not influenced to extrude the screen cloth 1-5 below the balloon membrane 1-6 in the process of enlarging, and the two sides of the balloon membrane 1-6 are relatively slowly enlarged until the balloon membrane 1-6 is enlarged to touch the puncture needles 1-9 and then cracks.
The screen 1-5 comprises a screen body 1-5-1, the screen body 1-5-1 is fixedly connected with a frame 1-5-2, the outer surface of the frame 1-5-2 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the fumigation box 1-1, an air balloon membrane 1-6 is fixed on the bottom surface of the frame, and the frame 1-5-2 is convenient to fix with the inner wall of the fumigation box 1-1 and the air balloon membrane 1-6.
The mesh 1-8 is rectangular, one end of a rubber band 1-7 which inclines outwards and downwards is respectively fixed at four corners of the bottom surface of the mesh 1-8, the other end of the rubber band 1-7 is fixed on a gathering column 1-10, the gathering column 1-10 is positioned on a central vertical line of a cross junction of the four mesh 1-8, the bottom surface of the gathering column is fixed on the upper surface of an air balloon membrane 1-6, the rubber band 1-7 can pull four corners of the mesh 1-8 outwards and downwards in the process of enlarging the air balloon membrane 1-6 by the arrangement mode, so that the mesh 1-8 is enlarged, cocoon fragments on the screen 1-5 can fall downwards conveniently, the four rubber bands 1-7 are fixed on the gathering column 1-10, and when the rubber bands 1-7 and the air balloon membrane 1-6 are fixed, only the collecting column 1-10 needs to be fixed on the balloon membrane 1-6, which saves much time.
The degumming tank 2 in the S5 comprises a degumming tank body 2-1, the left side and the right side of the degumming tank body 2-1 are respectively provided with a left supporting part 2-2 and a right supporting part 2-3 which are integrally formed with the degumming tank body, the upper surface of the left supporting part 2-2 is provided with a fumigation box 1-1, the right side edge part of the bottom surface of the fumigation box 1-1 is hinged with the upper surface of the left supporting part 2-2, the height of the fumigation box is larger than the length of the degumming tank body 2-1, the right side surface of the fumigation box is detachably connected with a plurality of baffle doors 1-11, the baffle doors 1-11 are arranged above the screen meshes 1-5, through the mode, after the silkworm cocoon fragment is fumigated, the baffle doors 1-11 can be opened, after the opening, the fumigation box 1-1 can be inclined to the right side for 90 degrees, so that the collision process is generated between the right side surface of the fumigation box 1-1 and the right supporting part 2-3 near the top, thus, the silkworm cocoon fragments in the fumigation box 1-1 fall into the degumming tank body 2-1 from the opening of the stop door 1-11, if the silkworm cocoon is poured more thoroughly, the process of pouring the silkworm cocoon pieces rightwards for multiple times can be carried out on the fumigation box 1-1 until all the silkworm cocoon pieces in the fumigation box are poured into the degumming tank body 2-1, so that the silkworm cocoon pieces can be taken out from the fumigation box 1-1 very conveniently, wherein the fumigation box 1-1 is provided with a socket matched with the shutter 1-11, a sealing gasket is arranged between the two for sealing, in addition, the cracked balloon membrane 1-6 can be mixed in the silkworm cocoon fragments poured into the degumming tank body 2-1, the balloon membrane 1-6 can be colored, for example, red, therefore, the fragments of the balloon membranes 1-6 in the degumming tank body 2-1 can be conveniently selected.
The upper surface of the right supporting part 2-3 is fixed with an arc-shaped rubber strip 2-4, and the arc-shaped rubber strip 2-4 can play a role in protecting the fumigation box 1-1 when the fumigation box 1-1 collides with the right supporting part 2-3.
The fumigation box 1-1 comprises a plurality of sub fumigation boxes 1-1-1 and a bottom plate 1-1-2, wherein the bottom surface of the upper sub fumigation box 1-1-1 is fixed with an insertion frame 1-1-3, the top surface of the lower sub fumigation box 1-1-1 and the top surface of the bottom plate 1-1-2 are provided with insertion grooves 1-1-4 matched with the insertion frame 1-1-3, the inner wall of the insertion groove 1-1-4 is fixed with the outer wall surface of a silica gel slot 1-1-5, the width of the silica gel slot 1-1-5 is slightly smaller than that of the insertion frame 1-1-3, and the new balloon membrane 1-6 can be conveniently fixed when the next fumigation is needed after one fumigation is completed, because the balloon membrane 1-6 is exploded in the previous fumigation process, the mode not only facilitates the fixation of the new balloon membrane 1-6, but also has good sealing performance, and can ensure the closed environment of the fumigation box 1-1 during fumigation.
The degumming tank body 2-1 is internally provided with a silk fibroin collecting box 2-5, the silk fibroin collecting box 2-5 is internally provided with a silk fibroin filtering box 2-6, and the inner wall surface of the silk fibroin filtering box 2-6 is fully distributed with salient points, so that the degummed silk fibroin eggs can be conveniently taken out, wherein the salient points are arranged so as to facilitate the processes of collision and friction of silk cocoon fragments and silk cocoon fragments during stirring, and further facilitate degumming.
The sericin filter box 2-6 is provided with octagonal filter holes, and is provided with a stirring mechanism, wherein the stirring mechanism can adopt a mode of fixing and stirring by a motor to centrifugally stir the mixture in the degumming tank body 2-1, in the stirring process, the sericin which is taken off can enter the sericin collecting box 2-5 through the octagonal filter holes, in the process, the octagonal filter holes can carry out the shearing process in the centrifugal direction on the sericin, and the shearing process can enable the sericin to be more fine and not to be coagulated into flocculent, thereby facilitating the later dialysis.
The working principle is as follows: when the sericin on the silkworm cocoon needs to be degummed, S1, removing the silkworm pupae in the silkworm cocoon; s2, cleaning and drying the silkworm cocoons of which the silkworm pupas are removed in the step S1; s3, shearing the silkworm cocoons dried in the step S2 into silkworm cocoon fragments; s4, performing ammonia fumigation on the silkworm cocoon fragments in the step S3 by using fumigation equipment 1, wherein the fumigation time is 1h, and the fumigation equipment 1 can fully fumigate the silkworm cocoon fragments with larger amount; s5, pouring the silkworm cocoon fragments fumigated in the S4 into a degumming tank 2, heating to 90-95 ℃, wherein the degumming liquid is a sodium carbonate solution, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 2.5%, the bath ratio is 1: 50, degumming for 30 minutes, wherein the mixture in the degumming tank 2 needs to be continuously stirred in the degumming process, and filtering is carried out after 30 minutes to obtain the sericin containing a sodium carbonate solution; s6, repeatedly cleaning the sericin containing the sodium carbonate solution obtained in the step S5 with deionized water, filtering, cleaning the sodium carbonate solution coated on the sericin, and obtaining the sericin solution after cleaning; s7, obtaining the sericin by dialyzing the sericin solution obtained in the step S6: firstly, putting a silkworm sericin solution into a dialysis bag, wherein the molecular weight which can be intercepted by the dialysis bag is 3000-plus 5000D, dialyzing for 3 days by flowing water, dialyzing for 12 hours by deionized water, filtering to obtain a precipitate, performing suction filtration by absolute ethyl alcohol, drying to obtain white crystalline silkworm sericin, fermenting the white crystalline silkworm sericin by a fermentation process to finally obtain liquid silkworm sericin, adding the liquid silkworm sericin into products such as cosmetics and the like, and performing sufficient ammonia fumigation on silkworm cocoons before degumming by virtue of fumigation equipment and a degumming tank with a special structure so as to improve the reelability of the silkworm cocoons, thereby greatly improving the extraction rate of the silkworm sericin, compared with the conventional extraction mode, the extraction rate of the silkworm sericin can be improved by nearly 20 percent, and simultaneously greatly increasing the amount of the silkworm cocoons subjected to one-time fumigation, the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A sericin extraction process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, removing silkworm pupa in the silkworm cocoon;
s2, cleaning and drying the silkworm cocoons of which the silkworm chrysalis is removed in the S1 step;
s3, shearing the silkworm cocoons dried in the step S2 into silkworm cocoon fragments;
s4, performing ammonia fumigation on the silkworm cocoon fragments obtained in the step S3 by using fumigation equipment (1), wherein the fumigation time is 1 h;
s5, pouring the fumigated silkworm cocoon fragments in the S4 into a degumming tank (2), heating to 90-95 ℃, wherein the degumming liquid is a sodium carbonate solution, the degumming time is 30 minutes, the mixture in the degumming tank needs to be continuously stirred in the degumming process, and the silkworm sericin protein containing the sodium carbonate solution is obtained after filtering after 30 minutes;
s6, repeatedly cleaning the sericin containing the sodium carbonate solution obtained in the step S5 with deionized water, filtering, cleaning the sodium carbonate solution coated on the sericin, and obtaining the sericin solution after cleaning;
s7, obtaining the sericin by dialyzing the sericin solution obtained in the step S6: firstly, putting the sericin solution into a dialysis bag, wherein the molecular weight which can be intercepted by the dialysis bag is 3000-5000D, then dialyzing for 3 days by running water, then dialyzing for 12 hours by deionized water, then filtering to obtain a precipitate, then carrying out suction filtration by absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to obtain white crystallized sericin.
2. The sericin extraction process as recited in claim 1, wherein the fumigating device (1) in S4 comprises a fumigating box (1-1), an openable upper cover (1-2) is disposed on the top of the fumigating box (1-1), the upper cover (1-2) is connected with the upper end of a ventilation pipe (1-3), the lower end of the ventilation pipe (1-3) is connected with a gas storage tank (1-4), a plurality of screens (1-5) are sequentially fixed on the inner wall surface of the fumigating box (1-1) from top to bottom, the screens (1-5) are made of rubber bands, four sides of the screens are sequentially fixed on the inner wall surfaces of the four side surfaces of the fumigating box (1-1), and a layer of balloon membrane (1-6) is fixed on the four edges of the bottom surface, the upper surface of the balloon membrane (1-6) is fixed with the lower ends of a plurality of rubber bands (1-7), and the upper ends of the rubber bands (1-7) are fixed at the junction of the meshes (1-8) and the meshes (1-8) on the screen (1-5).
3. The sericin extraction process as defined in claim 2, wherein two pricking pins (1-9) are fixed on the upper surface of the screen (1-5), and the two pricking pins (1-9) are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the screen (1-5).
4. The sericin extraction process as recited in claim 2, wherein the screen (1-5) comprises a screen body (1-5-1), the screen body (1-5-1) is fixedly connected with a frame (1-5-2), the outer surface of the frame (1-5-2) is fixed on the inner wall surface of the fumigation box (1-1), and the bottom surface of the frame is fixed with the balloon membrane (1-6).
5. The sericin extraction process according to claim 2, wherein the meshes (1-8) are rectangular, one end of the rubber band (1-7) which is inclined outward and downward is fixed at each of four corners of the bottom surface of the meshes, the other end of the rubber band (1-7) is fixed on a collection column (1-10), the collection column (1-10) is positioned on a central vertical line of a cross-shaped junction of the four meshes (1-8), and the bottom surface of the collection column is fixed on the upper surface of the balloon membrane (1-6).
6. The sericin extraction process as defined in claim 2, wherein the degumming tank (2) in the S5 comprises a degumming tank body (2-1), the left and right sides of the degumming tank body (2-1) are respectively provided with a left supporting part (2-2) and a right supporting part (2-3) which are integrally formed with the degumming tank body, the fumigation box (1-1) is arranged on the upper surface of the left support part (2-2), the right side edge part of the bottom surface of the fumigation box (1-1) is hinged with the upper surface of the left support part (2-2), the height of the glue removal tank is larger than the length of the glue removal tank body (2-1), the right side face of the glue removal tank body is detachably connected with a plurality of stop doors (1-11), and the stop doors (1-11) are arranged above the screen meshes (1-5).
7. The sericin extraction process as recited in claim 6, wherein an arc-shaped rubber strip (2-4) is fixed on the upper surface of the right support part (2-3).
8. The sericin extraction process as defined in claim 2, wherein the fumigation box (1-1) comprises a plurality of sub fumigation boxes (1-1-1) and a bottom plate (1-1-2), wherein the bottom surface of the last sub-fumigation box (1-1-1) is fixed with an insertion frame (1-1-3), the top surface of the next sub-fumigation box (1-1-1) and the top surface of the bottom plate (1-1-2) are provided with insertion grooves (1-1-4) matched with the insertion frame (1-1-3), the inner wall of the inserting groove (1-1-4) is fixed with the outer wall surface of the silica gel inserting groove (1-1-5), the width of the silica gel slot (1-1-5) is slightly smaller than that of the plug-in frame (1-1-3).
9. The sericin extraction process according to claim 6, wherein a sericin collection box (2-5) is placed in the degumming tank body (2-1), a sericin filter box (2-6) is placed in the sericin collection box (2-5), and salient points are distributed on the inner wall surface of the sericin filter box (2-6).
10. The sericin extraction process according to claim 9, wherein the sericin filter box (2-6) is provided with octagonal filter holes, and a stirring mechanism is arranged thereon.
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| CN111727955A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江穗丰机电科技有限公司 | Circulation fumigation machine |
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| CN114874304B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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