CN114873880A - Oily sludge treatment system and method - Google Patents
Oily sludge treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114873880A CN114873880A CN202210662481.7A CN202210662481A CN114873880A CN 114873880 A CN114873880 A CN 114873880A CN 202210662481 A CN202210662481 A CN 202210662481A CN 114873880 A CN114873880 A CN 114873880A
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
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- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/32—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively adsorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/324—Dispersions containing coal, oil and water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for treating oily sludge, belonging to the technical field of industrial solid waste treatment; the device comprises a feed hopper, wherein the outlet end of the feed hopper is connected with a grit chamber, and the discharge hole of the grit chamber is connected with a cyclone separator; the outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with the inlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank; introducing the oily sludge in the grit chamber and the coal water slurry in the water mill into the cyclone separator, rotating the cyclone separator for a preset time, introducing the obtained mixture of the oily sludge and the coal water slurry into an oil-phase settling tank, standing and settling to obtain the coal water slurry of the oily sludge; gasifying the oily sludge water-coal slurry in a gasification furnace, and generating gas through a synthetic ammonia unit for industrial ammonia production; the invention realizes the harmless utilization of the oil-containing sludge resource, mixes the oil-containing sludge with the coal water slurry, makes up the defect of high ignition point and low heat of the coal water slurry, is a novel energy source, and provides a new way for changing waste into valuable for the treatment of the oil-containing sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a system and a method for treating oily sludge, and belongs to the technical field of industrial solid waste treatment.
Background
The source of the oily sludge is very complex, and oil sludge in an oil refinery, oil sludge at the bottom of a tank, oil sludge on the ground and the like generated in crude oil extraction, transportation, storage and the like in the petroleum industry belong to the oily sludge; the oil sludge contains a large amount of crude oil, wax, asphaltene, colloid and other substances, and also contains a large amount of benzene series, phenols and other toxic and harmful substances. Therefore, the oily sludge is listed in the national hazardous waste list, and if the oily sludge is directly discharged, not only is the waste of petroleum resources, but also toxic substances in the sludge can cause great pollution to water, air, soil and the like, so that the oily sludge is extremely unfavorable for the sustainable development of the petroleum industry in China.
At present, the traditional oily sludge treatment methods comprise processes such as a mechanical centrifugation method, chemical hot washing, solvent extraction, landfill, pyrolysis, biological treatment, incineration, coking, surfactant washing treatment and the like, on the basis of the traditional oily sludge treatment process, related personnel continuously summarize technical methods to form a plurality of modern oily sludge treatment technologies, such as microwave treatment, ultrasonic treatment, freezing and thawing treatment, electrodynamics technology, photocatalysis treatment and the like, and the oily sludge treatment methods have the following problems: the burning method has large energy consumption, is easy to generate secondary pollution, and the resources are not recycled; the solvent extraction method has the problems of long flow, complex process and high treatment cost, and is only suitable for oily sludge containing a large amount of refractory organic matters; the ultrasonic power is too high, the treatment time is too long, the internal structure of the oily sludge can be changed, the viscosity of the oily sludge can be increased, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for treating oily sludge, which aim to carry out reasonable treatment and resource utilization on the oily sludge and further reduce the problem of environmental pollution caused by the oily sludge in the treatment process.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides an oily sludge treatment system which comprises a feed hopper, wherein the outlet end of the feed hopper is connected with a grit chamber, a stirring kettle is arranged in the grit chamber, and oily sludge enters the grit chamber through the feed hopper and is stirred by the stirring kettle; the top of the grit chamber is provided with a spray tank for spraying hot water, and the hot water in the spray tank is sprayed into the grit chamber;
a discharge port of the grit chamber is connected with a cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is provided with a plurality of inlets, one inlet is connected with an outlet of the grit chamber, the other inlet is connected with an outlet of a water mill, and coal is arranged in the water mill and is used for grinding the coal to prepare coal water slurry; the outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with the inlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank; introducing the oily sludge in the grit chamber and the coal water slurry in the water mill into the cyclone separator, rotating the cyclone separator for a preset time, introducing the obtained mixture of the oily sludge and the coal water slurry into an oil phase sedimentation tank, standing and settling to obtain oily sludge coal water slurry;
the outlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank is connected with a gasification furnace for gasifying the coal water slurry, the outlet of the gasification furnace is connected with a synthetic ammonia unit, and the gas generated by the synthetic ammonia unit is used for industrial ammonia production.
Further, the upper oil phase of the fluid in the oil phase sedimentation tank is coal water slurry, and the lower oil phase of the fluid is a high-temperature water phase; the outlet end of the cyclone separator is connected with a jet flow tank, and the high-temperature water phase at the lower layer of the oil phase sedimentation tank is conveyed into a spraying tank.
Furthermore, a viscosity reducer is arranged in the grit chamber, and a fluid viscosity detector is arranged at a discharge port of the grit chamber and is used for detecting the viscosity of the oily sludge contained in the grit chamber.
Further, the gasification furnace comprises a combustion chamber, wherein a first nozzle is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of second nozzles are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber;
a slag outlet is formed in the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is connected with the cooling chamber through the slag outlet; slag generated in the water-coal slurry of the oil-containing sludge in the gasification process is discharged to a cooling chamber through a slag outlet, and the cooling chamber is used for cooling the slag into vitreous bodies.
Furthermore, a condenser is connected to an outlet of the gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace introduces generated gas into the condenser for cooling so as to remove water vapor.
Furthermore, the outlet of the condenser is connected with an adsorption tower, and modified zeolite is arranged in the adsorption tower.
Further, the outlet end of the adsorption tower is connected with a gas detector, the outlet of the gas detector is connected with a synthetic ammonia unit, the outlet of the synthetic ammonia unit is connected with a water mill, and ammonia distillation wastewater in the synthetic ammonia unit is added to the water mill.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an oily sludge treatment method, which comprises the oily sludge treatment system, and the method comprises the following steps:
putting 20% oily sludge into a feed hopper, removing solid particles with the diameter of more than 200mm, introducing the oily sludge into a grit chamber, adding a viscosity reducer, spraying the oily sludge with hot water from a spraying tank, and removing the solid particles with the diameter of more than 5mm after stirring in a stirring kettle; obtaining the oily sludge with the viscosity of less than 500mPa.s and the granularity of less than 5 mm;
grinding coal in a water mill to prepare coal water slurry with the granularity of less than 100 mu m and the coal concentration of 65 percent;
introducing the oil-containing sludge and the coal water slurry into a cyclone separator according to a ratio, mixing and separating, and then introducing into an oil phase sedimentation tank for standing and sedimentation, wherein the upper oil phase is the oil-containing sludge coal water slurry, and the lower layer is a high-temperature water phase;
conveying the water-coal slurry of the oily sludge on the upper layer to a gasification furnace for gasification, and conveying the high-temperature water phase on the lower layer to a spraying tank;
gas generated by gasification of the gasification furnace enters a condenser to remove water vapor, and then is conveyed into an adsorption tower to be purified and harmful gas is removed;
and (3) carrying out gas detection on the purified gas through a gas detector, detecting the gas qualified, then sending the gas into the ammonia synthesis unit for industrial ammonia, and if the gas qualified, sending the gas to the adsorption tower again for secondary purification.
Further, the oil-containing sludge is one of oil sludge falling to the ground, oil sludge in a refinery and oil sludge at the bottom of a tank, the viscosity reducer is one of lignosulfonate, and the addition amount of the viscosity reducer is 3% of the mass of the oil-containing sludge.
Furthermore, the coal in the water mill is bituminous coal, and the coal water slurry is 65% of coal, 34% of water and 1% of ammonia evaporation wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
on one hand, in the embodiment of the invention, the oil-containing sludge and the coal water slurry are introduced into a cyclone separator for mixing and separation, then the mixture of the oil-containing sludge and the coal water slurry is introduced into an oil phase sedimentation tank for standing and sedimentation, and layering appears after standing, wherein the upper oil phase is the oil-containing sludge coal water slurry, and the lower layer is a high-temperature water phase;
on the other hand, conveying the high-temperature water phase at the lower layer of the oil phase sedimentation tank into a spraying tank; discharging slag generated in the water-coal slurry of the oil-containing sludge in the gasification process to a cooling chamber through a slag outlet, wherein the cooling chamber is used for cooling the slag into a vitreous body; ammonia evaporation wastewater can be generated in the treatment process of the ammonia synthesis unit, and the ammonia evaporation wastewater is recycled to a water mill to prepare coal water slurry, so that waste utilization can be realized, and environmental pollution can be reduced; the produced high-temperature water and ammonia distillation wastewater can be recycled, so that secondary pollution to the environment is avoided, and the overall energy consumption of the system is reduced.
In another aspect, the first nozzle is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace, and the side wall of the gasification furnace is provided with the second nozzles to form an opposed five-nozzle gasification furnace, so that the adaptability of the gasification furnace to load adjustment is greatly improved, and the gasification capacity of single gasification 8 is obviously increased: the first nozzle efflux of four evenly distributed nozzle efflux of second nozzle stove side has the impact and blocks the effect for the high-speed efflux that it formed can not directly reach stove bottom export, and the aqueous coal slurry granule dwell time in the whole gasifier is long, and the torrent is violent, and the degree of mixing is good, provides good condition for burning and gasification reaction's going on
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oily sludge treatment system provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulated CO distribution diagram for gasification provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a gasification simulation H provided in example 2 of the present invention 2 A distribution map;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of a gasification simulated CO provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a gasification simulation H provided in example 3 of the present invention 2 A distribution diagram;
FIG. 7 is a simulated CO distribution diagram for gasification provided in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a gasification simulation H provided in example 4 of the present invention 2 A distribution diagram;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing C conversion rates of gasification simulations for different batching ratios of oily sludge provided in examples 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a grit chamber; 2-spraying a tank; 3-a feed hopper; 4-a fluid viscosity detector; 5-water mill; 6-a cyclone separator; 7-oil phase sedimentation tank; 8-gasifying the furnace; 9-a first nozzle; 10-a condenser: 11-adsorption column: 12-a gas detector; 13-a synthetic ammonia unit; 14-a cooling chamber; 15-a combustion chamber; 16-a second nozzle; 17-slag outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the following examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
Example 1
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides an oily sludge treatment system, which comprises a feed hopper 3, wherein the outlet end of the feed hopper 3 is connected with a grit chamber 1, oily sludge enters the grit chamber 1 through the feed hopper 3, a stirring kettle is arranged in the grit chamber 1, a spray tank 2 is arranged at the top of the grit chamber 1, the spray tank 2 is a hot water spray tank 2, hot water in the spray tank 2 is sprayed into the grit chamber 1 and is stirred by the stirring kettle, a viscosity reducer is arranged in the grit chamber 1, the viscosity reducer is one of lignosulfonate, and the addition amount of the viscosity reducer is 3% of the quality of the oily sludge. A fluid viscosity detector 4 is arranged at a discharge port of the grit chamber 1 and is used for detecting the viscosity of the oily sludge; the oily sludge is pretreated by spraying and stirring in a grit chamber 1, and the viscosity of the oily sludge is reduced by pretreatment;
a discharge port of the grit chamber 1 is connected with a cyclone separator 6, the cyclone separator 6 is provided with a plurality of inlets, one inlet is connected with an outlet of the grit chamber 1, the other inlet is connected with an outlet of a water mill 5, the water mill 5 is used for grinding coal, and the water mill 5 is internally provided with coal for grinding the coal to prepare coal water slurry; the outlet end of the cyclone separator 6 is connected with the inlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank 7; the method comprises the following steps of (1) pretreating oil-containing sludge, then feeding the pretreated oil-containing sludge into a cyclone separator 6, feeding the coal water slurry into the cyclone separator 6, rotating the cyclone separator 6 for a preset time, and feeding the obtained oil-containing sludge and the obtained coal water slurry into an oil phase sedimentation tank 7 for standing and sedimentation; the fluid in the oil phase sedimentation tank 7 is layered after standing, the oil phase at the upper layer is oil-containing sludge water-coal slurry, the high-temperature water phase at the lower layer, and the water-coal slurry utilizes the oleophylic hydrophobicity of carbon in the water-coal slurry and the hydrophilic oleophobic property of coal powder to ensure that the oil phase replaces the water phase on the surface of carbon to obtain the oil-containing sludge water-coal slurry, so that the heat of the novel water-coal-slurry fuel is increased, the ignition point is reduced, and the resource utilization of the oil-containing sludge is realized; the outlet end of the cyclone separator 6 is respectively connected with the jet flow tank 2 and the gasification furnace 8, the oily sludge water-coal slurry on the upper layer of the oil phase sedimentation tank 7 is sent to the gasification furnace 8 for gasification, and the high-temperature water phase on the lower layer of the oil phase sedimentation tank 7 is sent to the spray tank 2 for system reuse, so that the waste of heat energy is avoided;
as shown in fig. 2, the gasification furnace 8 comprises a combustion chamber 15, the top of the combustion chamber 15 is provided with a first nozzle 9, and the bottom is connected with a cooling chamber 14 through a slag outlet 17; the coal water slurry can generate slag in the gasification process, the bottom of the slag gasification furnace 8 is discharged to the cooling chamber 14, and the cooling chamber 14 cools the slag into a vitreous body which can be directly buried; be equipped with a plurality of second nozzles 16 on the lateral wall of combustion chamber 15, in this embodiment, second nozzle 16 sets up quantity and is 4, has avoided the direct offset bad consequence that produces of 8 nozzle efflux of gasifier, through the top of gasifier 8 sets up first nozzle 9, and the lateral wall sets up a plurality of second nozzles 16 and forms five opposite nozzle gasifiers for gasifier 8 improves greatly to the adaptability of load control, and the gasification capacity of single gasifier 8 obviously increases: the jet flow of the first nozzle 9 of the jet flow of the four evenly distributed nozzles at the furnace side of the second nozzle 16 has the impact blocking effect, so that the formed high-speed jet flow can not directly reach the outlet of the furnace bottom, the retention time of coal water slurry particles in the whole gasification furnace 8 is long, the turbulence is violent, the mixing degree is good, good conditions are provided for the combustion and gasification reaction, the oil-containing sludge coal water slurry is fully gasified, toxic substances in the coal water slurry are melted and damaged under high temperature and high pressure, and the high molecular organic compound is gasified into gas.
The outlet of the gasification furnace 8 is sequentially connected with a condenser 10, an adsorption tower 11 provided with modified zeolite, a gas detector 12 and a synthetic ammonia unit 13; the gasification furnace 8 is used for introducing the generated effective gas into a condenser 10 for cooling and removing water vapor; harmful gas is removed through adsorption of modified zeolite in the adsorption tower 11, the purified gas is detected through a harmful gas detector 12, if the purified gas is qualified, the purified effective gas enters the synthetic ammonia unit 13, if the purified gas is unqualified, the effective gas returns to the adsorption tower 11 for secondary adsorption and purification, in addition, ammonia evaporation wastewater can be generated in the treatment process of the synthetic ammonia unit 13, the outlet of the synthetic ammonia unit 13 is connected with a water mill 5, the ammonia evaporation wastewater in the synthetic ammonia unit 13 is added to the water mill 5, the ammonia evaporation wastewater is recycled to the water mill 5 to realize waste utilization, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the embodiment adopts an opposed five-nozzle gasification furnace and contains oilThe sludge coal water slurry is fully gasified, toxic substances in the sludge coal water slurry are melted and damaged under high temperature and high pressure, and the high molecular organic compound is gasified into gas to generate H 2 And CO is used for industrial ammonia production.
Example 2
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an oily sludge treatment method, where the method is implemented by the oily sludge treatment system in embodiment 1, and the method includes the following steps: the oil-containing sludge selected in the experiment is oil sludge at the bottom of a crude oil storage tank of a petrochemical refinery, the coal selected in the experiment is Shandong Liangzhuang bituminous coal, the physical and chemical characteristic analysis of the bituminous coal is shown in Table 1, and the industrial analysis and the element analysis of the bituminous coal are shown in Table 2:
table 1: analysis result of physicochemical properties of oil-containing sludge selected in experiment
Table 2: analysis result of coal component for preparing oil-containing sludge coal-water slurry
Weighing 37.2kg of oily sludge, placing the oily sludge in a feed hopper 3, removing solid particles larger than 200mm through a grid of the feed hopper 3, flowing into a grit chamber 1, adding a viscosity reducer accounting for 3% of the mass of the oily sludge, spraying the oily sludge by hot water through a spraying tank 2, stirring in the grit chamber 1 at the stirring speed of 1200r/min, and adding the oily sludge subjected to viscosity reduction treatment into a cyclone separator 6 when a fluid viscosity detector 4 detects that the characteristic viscosity of the oily sludge is smaller than 1000mPa & s; the operation can remove large-particle-size particles in the oily sludge, change the flowing state, and reduce the viscosity of the oily sludge by the viscosity reducer to obtain the oily sludge with the viscosity of less than 500mPa.s and the particle size of less than 5 mm;
weighing 334.8kg of coal powder, 175.1kg of water and 5.1kg of ammonia evaporation wastewater, placing the coal powder, the water and the ammonia evaporation wastewater in a water mill 5, grinding the coal powder to obtain coal water slurry with the coal particle size of less than 100 mu m and the coal concentration of 65%, and flowing the coal water slurry into a cyclone separator 6;
the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 6 is 2500r/min, the time is 20min, the obtained fluid is introduced into an oil phase sedimentation tank 7 for standing and sedimentation, the upper oil phase is oily sludge water-coal slurry and is conveyed to a gasification furnace 8 for gasification, and the lower high-temperature water phase is conveyed to a water mill 5 for system recycling, so that the waste of heat energy is avoided;
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 9, fluent simulation software is used for simulating the gasification effect, the working pressure of the gasification furnace 8 is set to be 4MPa, and the coal water slurry is introduced into the gasification furnace 8 for gasification to generate effective gases of CO and H 2 Analog monitoring of CO and H 2 The content was 31.78%, the conversion of C was 98.68%, and CO and H were produced 2 Introducing a condenser 10 for cooling to remove water vapor, adsorbing and removing harmful gas by modified zeolite in an adsorption tower 11, detecting the purified gas by a gas detector 12, and if the purified gas is qualified, purifying effective gases such as CO and H 2 Will enter the ammonia synthesis unit 13, if not qualified, CO and H 2 The ammonia distillation wastewater is returned to the adsorption tower 11 for secondary adsorption and purification, and in addition, ammonia distillation wastewater is generated in the treatment process of the ammonia synthesis unit 13, and the ammonia distillation wastewater is recycled to the water mill 5, so that the waste utilization can be realized, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the slag produced is discharged through a slag outlet 17 to a cooling chamber 14, which cooling chamber 14 cools the slag into vitreous bodies, which can be directly landfilled.
Example 3
Weighing 74.4kg of oily sludge, placing the oily sludge in a feed hopper 3, removing solid particles larger than 200mm through a grid of the feed hopper, flowing into a grit chamber 1, adding a viscosity reducer accounting for 3% of the mass of the oily sludge, spraying the oily sludge by hot water from a spraying tank 2, stirring in the grit chamber 1 at the stirring speed of 1200r/min, and adding the oily sludge subjected to viscosity reduction treatment into a cyclone separator 6 when a fluid viscosity detector 4 detects that the characteristic viscosity of the oily sludge is smaller than 1000mPa s;
weighing 297.6kg of coal powder, 155.7kg of water and 4.5kg of ammonia evaporation wastewater, placing the coal powder, the water and the ammonia evaporation wastewater in a water mill 5, grinding the coal powder to obtain coal water slurry with the coal particle size of less than 100 mu m and the coal concentration of 65%, and flowing the coal water slurry into a cyclone separator 6;
the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 6 is 2500r/min, the time is 20min, the obtained fluid is introduced into an oil phase sedimentation tank 7 for standing and sedimentation, the upper oil phase is oily sludge water-coal slurry and is sent to a five-nozzle gasification furnace 8 for gasification, and the lower high-temperature water phase is sent to a water mill 5 for system recycling, so that the waste of heat energy is avoided;
as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 9, fluent simulation software is used for simulating the gasification effect, the working pressure of the gasification furnace 8 is set to be 4MPa, and the coal water slurry is introduced into the gasification furnace 8 for gasification to generate effective gases of CO and H 2 Analog monitoring of CO and H 2 Content 22.83%, C conversion 99.29%, CO and H to be produced 2 Introducing a condenser 10 for cooling to remove water vapor, adsorbing and removing harmful gas by modified zeolite in an adsorption tower 11, detecting the purified gas by a gas detector 12, and if the purified gas is qualified, purifying effective gases such as CO and H 2 Will enter the ammonia synthesis unit 13, if not qualified, CO and H 2 The ammonia distillation wastewater is returned to the adsorption tower 11 for secondary adsorption and purification, and in addition, ammonia distillation wastewater is generated in the treatment process of the ammonia synthesis unit 13, and the ammonia distillation wastewater is recycled to the water mill 5, so that the waste utilization can be realized, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the slag produced is discharged through a slag outlet 17 to a cooling chamber 14, which cooling chamber 14 cools the slag into vitreous bodies, which can be directly landfilled.
Example 4
Weighing 111.6kg of oily sludge, placing the oily sludge in a feed hopper 3, removing solid particles larger than 200mm through a grid of the feed hopper, flowing into a grit chamber 1, adding a viscosity reducer accounting for 3% of the mass of the oily sludge, spraying the oily sludge by hot water through a spraying tank 2, stirring in the grit chamber 1 at the stirring speed of 1200r/min, and adding the oily sludge subjected to viscosity reduction treatment into a cyclone separator 6 when a fluid viscosity detector 4 detects that the characteristic viscosity of the oily sludge is smaller than 1000mPa & s;
260.4kg of coal powder, 136.2kg of water and 4kg of ammonia evaporation wastewater are weighed and placed in a water mill 5, and the water mill 5 is ground to obtain coal water slurry with the coal particle size of less than 100 mu m and the coal concentration of 65 percent and flows into a cyclone separator 6;
the rotational speed of the cyclone separator 6 is 2500r/min, the time is 20min, the obtained fluid is introduced into an oil phase sedimentation tank 7 for standing and sedimentation, the upper oil phase is oily sludge water-coal slurry and is sent to a five-nozzle gasification furnace 8 for gasification, and the lower high-temperature water phase is sent to a water mill 5 for system recycling, so that the waste of heat energy is avoided;
as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, fluent simulation software is used for simulating the gasification effect, the working pressure of the gasification furnace 8 is set to be 4MPa, and the coal water slurry is introduced into the gasification furnace 8 for gasification to generate effective gases of CO and H 2 Analog monitoring of CO and H 2 The content of C was 20.53%, the conversion of C was 99.35%, and CO and H were produced 2 Introducing a condenser 10 for cooling to remove water vapor, adsorbing and removing harmful gas by modified zeolite in an adsorption tower 11, detecting the purified gas by a gas detector 12, and if the purified gas is qualified, purifying effective gases such as CO and H 2 Will enter the ammonia synthesis unit 13, if not qualified, CO and H 2 The ammonia distillation wastewater is returned to the adsorption tower 11 for secondary adsorption and purification, and in addition, ammonia distillation wastewater is generated in the treatment process of the ammonia synthesis unit 13, and the ammonia distillation wastewater is recycled to the water mill 5, so that the waste utilization can be realized, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the slag produced is discharged through a slag outlet 17 to a cooling chamber 14, which cooling chamber 14 cools the slag into vitreous bodies, which can be directly landfilled.
The gasification effect of the aqueous coal slurry of oily sludge obtained in example 2, example 3 and example 4 was examined, and the specific data are shown in table 3.
Table 3 data table of gasification simulation results of coal-water slurry of oily sludge in examples 2, 3 and 4
| Sample (I) | Effective gas Content (CO) at outlet | Effective gas content at outlet (H) 2 ) | C conversion efficiency |
| Example 2: adding 10% of oily sludge | 22.8％ | 8.98％ | 98.68％ |
| Example 3: adding 20 percent of oily sludge | 12.64％ | 10.19％ | 99.29％ |
| Example 4: adding 30 percent of oily sludge | 11.26％ | 9.27％ | 99.35％ |
As shown in Table 3 and FIG. 8, it can be seen that when the amount of the oily sludge added is increased from 10% to 30%, the C conversion is increased, but the export effective gases CO and H 2 The content is reduced from 31.78 percent to 20.53 percent, and after comprehensive consideration, the addition amount of the oily sludge is 20 percent when the oily sludge water-coal slurry is prepared.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The oily sludge treatment system is characterized by comprising a feed hopper (3), wherein the outlet end of the feed hopper (3) is connected with a grit chamber (1), a stirring kettle is arranged in the grit chamber (1), and oily sludge enters the grit chamber (1) through the feed hopper (3) and is stirred through the stirring kettle; the top of the grit chamber (1) is provided with a spray tank (2) for spraying hot water, and the hot water in the spray tank (2) is sprayed into the grit chamber (1);
a discharge hole of the grit chamber (1) is connected with a cyclone separator (6), the cyclone separator (6) is provided with a plurality of inlets, one inlet is connected with an outlet of the grit chamber (1), the other inlet is connected with an outlet of a water mill (5), and coal is arranged in the water mill (5) and is used for grinding the coal to prepare coal water slurry; the outlet of the cyclone separator (6) is connected with the inlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank (7); oil-containing sludge in the grit chamber (1) and the coal water slurry in the water mill (5) are introduced into the cyclone separator (6), the cyclone separator (6) rotates for a preset time, and the obtained mixture of the oil-containing sludge and the coal water slurry is introduced into an oil phase sedimentation tank (7) for standing and sedimentation to obtain oil-containing sludge coal water slurry;
the outlet of the oil phase sedimentation tank (7) is connected with a gasification furnace (8) for gasifying the coal water slurry, the outlet of the gasification furnace (8) is connected with a synthetic ammonia unit (13), and the gas generated by the synthetic ammonia unit (13) is used for industrial ammonia production.
2. The oily sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the oil phase in the upper layer of the fluid in the oil phase sedimentation tank (7) is coal water slurry, and the high temperature water phase in the lower layer; the outlet end of the cyclone separator (6) is connected with the jet flow tank (2), and the high-temperature water phase at the lower layer of the oil phase sedimentation tank (7) is conveyed into the spray tank (2).
3. The oily sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a viscosity reducer is arranged in the grit chamber (1), and a fluid viscosity detector (4) is arranged at a discharge port of the grit chamber (1) and is used for detecting the viscosity of the oily sludge in the grit chamber (1).
4. An oily sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace (8) comprises a combustion chamber (15), the top of the combustion chamber (15) is provided with a first nozzle (9), and the side wall is provided with a plurality of second nozzles (16);
a slag outlet (17) is formed in the bottom of the combustion chamber (15), and the combustion chamber (15) is connected with the cooling chamber (14) through the slag outlet (17); the water coal slurry of the oil-containing sludge generates slag in the gasification process, and the slag is discharged to a cooling chamber (14) through a slag outlet (17), and the cooling chamber (14) is used for cooling the slag into vitreous bodies.
5. The oily sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a condenser (10) is connected to the outlet of the gasification furnace (8), and the gasification furnace (8) feeds the generated gas into the condenser (10) for cooling so as to remove water vapor.
6. The oily sludge treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the outlet of the condenser (10) is connected with an adsorption tower (11), and the adsorption tower (11) is internally provided with modified zeolite.
7. An oily sludge treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the outlet end of the adsorption tower (11) is connected with a gas detector (12), the outlet of the gas detector (12) is connected with an ammonia synthesis unit (13), the outlet of the ammonia synthesis unit (13) is connected with a water mill (5), and the ammonia distillation wastewater in the ammonia synthesis unit (13) is added to the water mill (5).
8. A method for treating oily sludge, comprising the oily sludge treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising the steps of:
putting 20% oily sludge into a feed hopper (3), removing solid particles with the diameter larger than 200mm, introducing the oily sludge into a grit chamber (1), adding a viscosity reducer, spraying the oily sludge with hot water by a spraying tank (2), and removing the solid particles with the diameter larger than 5mm after stirring in a stirring kettle; obtaining the oily sludge with the viscosity of less than 500mPa.s and the granularity of less than 5 mm;
grinding coal in a water mill (5) to prepare coal water slurry with the granularity of less than 100 mu m and the coal concentration of 65 percent;
oil-containing sludge and coal water slurry are fed into a cyclone separator (6) according to a proportion for mixing and separation, and then are fed into an oil phase sedimentation tank (7) for standing and sedimentation, wherein the oil phase at the upper layer is the oil-containing sludge coal water slurry, and the high-temperature water phase at the lower layer;
the coal water slurry of the oily sludge on the upper layer is conveyed to a gasification furnace (8) for gasification, and the high-temperature water phase on the lower layer is conveyed into a spraying tank (2);
gas generated by gasification of the gasification furnace (8) enters a condenser (10) to remove water vapor, and then is conveyed into an adsorption tower (11) to be purified and harmful gas is removed;
the purified gas is subjected to gas detection through a gas detector (12), the gas enters an ammonia synthesis unit (13) for industrial ammonia after being detected to be qualified, and if the gas is not qualified, the gas is conveyed to the adsorption tower (11) again for secondary purification.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the oily sludge is one of oil sludge falling to the ground, oil sludge from refinery and oil sludge at tank bottom, the viscosity reducer is one of lignosulfonate, and the amount of the viscosity reducer added is 3% by mass of the oily sludge.
10. The method for treating oily sludge according to claim 8, wherein the coal in the water mill (5) is bituminous coal, and the coal-water slurry is 65% coal, 34% water and 1% ammonia evaporation wastewater.
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| CN203960146U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-11-26 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Vapourizing furnace |
| CN105693055A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Oil-sludge separation and gasification recycling method |
| CN106915891A (en) * | 2017-05-14 | 2017-07-04 | 郭舒洋 | A kind of oil plant oily sludge is innoxious and processing method of resource |
| CN111440644A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-24 | 梵境新能源科技(浙江)有限公司 | Harmless recycling treatment method for oily sludge |
| CN114410349A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Waste pretreatment process matched with coal water slurry gasification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203960146U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-11-26 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Vapourizing furnace |
| CN105693055A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Oil-sludge separation and gasification recycling method |
| CN106915891A (en) * | 2017-05-14 | 2017-07-04 | 郭舒洋 | A kind of oil plant oily sludge is innoxious and processing method of resource |
| CN111440644A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-24 | 梵境新能源科技(浙江)有限公司 | Harmless recycling treatment method for oily sludge |
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