CN114873725B - Device and method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization, belonging to the technical field of biological sewage treatment. The device comprises a nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank, a slow-speed biodegradable organic matter and phosphorus-containing water tank, a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor, a sludge sedimentation tank and an online monitoring and feedback control system; the method comprises the following steps: sludge of a sewage plant is taken as seed sludge, and slow biodegradable organic matters in an anaerobic section are converted into fast biodegradable organic matters along with intracellular carbon source storage and phosphorus release; the nitrate nitrogen in the anoxic zone is selectively reduced into nitrite by an intracellular carbon source, and simultaneously excessive phosphorus uptake is accompanied. Under the operation mode, the nitrogen-nitrogen load of the inlet water is increased to strengthen the enrichment culture of the fermentation type short-range denitrification phosphorus removal bacteria, and finally the short-range denitrification and the synchronous phosphorus removal are realized. The invention creatively solves the technical problems that denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria can not utilize slow biodegradable organic matters and produce nitrite on the premise of no external carbon source and simple control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal, belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and is a method for solving the technical problems that a denitrifying phosphorus removal technology cannot utilize slow biodegradable organic matters and stable output of nitrite is realized.
Background
The low-carbon and low-energy consumption treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in sewage is an important technical means for preventing and controlling water eutrophication and reducing emission of greenhouse gases.
The denitrifying phosphorus removal technology is a high-efficiency phosphorus removal technology, namely a process that phosphorus removal bacteria synchronously realize phosphorus removal by reducing nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen by taking an intracellular carbon source as an electron donor. Compared with the traditional aerobic dephosphorization technology, the method can save 50% of carbon source consumption, 30% of aeration energy consumption and 50% of sludge yield.
However, the denitrification dephosphorization technology has higher requirements on a carbon source. The rapid biodegradation of organic matters with volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid is a precondition for ensuring the carbon source in the storage of the denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria. The fast biodegradable organic matters are often in shortage in sewage, and an additional carbon source is often needed to ensure the efficient phosphorus removal effect, so that the operation cost of sewage treatment is greatly increased.
More than 50% of sewage is slow biodegradable organic matters which cannot be directly utilized by denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria at present, so that the waste of carbon sources in raw water is caused while external carbon sources are introduced to ensure the amount of the fast biodegradable organic matters. If the denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria can fully utilize the slow biodegradable organic matters in the raw water, the operation burden of the denitrifying phosphorus removal technology caused by the addition of an external carbon source can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the denitrification dephosphorization process also relates to the denitrification process of reducing the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen. If the nitrate nitrogen can be selectively reduced into nitrite, the short-range denitrification dephosphorization is realized, and 60 percent of carbon source consumption for the denitrification process can be further saved; the produced nitrite can be used as a substrate for anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification, and nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal combining denitrification dephosphorization and anaerobic ammonia oxidation is realized. However, the prior denitrifying phosphorus removal technology still cannot realize the high-efficiency removal of phosphorus and the stable output of nitrite on the premise of fully utilizing slow biodegradable organic matters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal, which realize high-efficiency phosphorus removal and stable output of nitrite on the premise of ensuring that denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacteria fully utilize slow biodegradable organic matters, and enrich functional strains with fermentation and short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal functions.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: sludge of a sewage plant is taken as seed sludge, and slow biodegradable organic matters in an anaerobic section are firstly converted into fast biodegradable organic matters along with the storage of intracellular carbon sources and the release of phosphorus; the anoxic stage nitrate nitrogen is selectively reduced to nitrite by an intracellular carbon source, and simultaneously excessive phosphorus uptake is accompanied. Under the operation mode, the enrichment culture of the intake nitrate nitrogen load strengthening fermentation type short-cut denitrification phosphorus removal bacteria is added, and finally the fermentation, the intracellular storage, the short-cut denitrification and the synchronous phosphorus removal of the slow biodegradable organic matters are realized. According to the invention, on the premise of no need of an external carbon source and simple control, the technical problems that slow biodegradable organic matters are not beneficial to denitrifying phosphorus removal and nitrite accumulation cannot be stably realized in the denitrifying phosphorus removal process are creatively and synchronously solved through enrichment of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria, so that the carbon source consumption is saved by 50% in phosphorus removal, the aeration energy consumption is reduced by 30% and the sludge yield is reduced by 50%, the carbon source consumption is reduced by 60% in nitrogen removal, and meanwhile, a stable nitrite source is provided for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal technology.
The purpose of the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: a device for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization comprises a nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank, a slow-speed biodegradable organic matter and phosphorus-containing water tank, a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor, a sludge sedimentation tank and an on-line monitoring and feedback control system; wherein the nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor through a second water inlet pump; the water tank containing slow biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor through a first water inlet pump; the sludge sedimentation tank is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor through a muddy water mixture outlet pipe;
the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor is provided with a first water inlet pump, an anaerobic zone, an anaerobic stirrer, an anoxic zone, an anoxic stirrer, a muddy water mixture water outlet pipe, a second water inlet pump and a sludge reflux pump;
the on-line monitoring and feedback control system comprises a computer and a programmable process controller, wherein a signal converter AD conversion interface, a signal converter DA conversion interface, a sludge reflux pump relay, a second water inlet pump relay, an anoxic stirring relay, an anaerobic stirring relay and a first water inlet pump relay are arranged in the programmable process controller; the signal converter AD conversion interface on the programmable process controller is connected with a computer through a cable, and converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer; the computer is connected with the programmable process controller through a DA conversion interface of the signal converter and transmits a digital instruction of the computer to the programmable process controller; the sludge reflux pump relay is connected with the sludge reflux pump; the second water inlet pump relay is connected with the second water inlet pump; the anoxic stirring relay is connected with the anoxic stirrer; the anaerobic stirring relay is connected with the anaerobic stirrer; the first water inlet pump relay is connected with the first water inlet pump.
The invention also provides a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) Adding sludge of a sewage plant into a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor;
2) Starting a first water inlet pump, pumping the wastewater containing the slow biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus into an anaerobic zone of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification phosphorus removal reactor, and starting an anaerobic stirrer to perform fermentation, intracellular carbon source storage and phosphorus release reaction;
3) Starting a second water inlet pump, pumping the nitrate-nitrogen wastewater into an anoxic zone of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor, controlling the mass ratio of the slow-speed biodegradable organic matter in the inlet water to the nitrate-nitrogen in the inlet water to be more than 15, and starting an anoxic stirrer to perform short-cut denitrification and excessive phosphorus absorption reaction;
4) The sludge-water mixture of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor flows into a sludge sedimentation tank through a sludge-water mixture water outlet pipe to realize sludge-water separation, wherein the effluent water flows out through the water outlet pipe, and the sludge flows back to an anaerobic zone of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor through a sludge reflux pump to strengthen the enrichment of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria;
5) After the removal performance of organic matters, phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen in the anaerobic zone and the anoxic zone of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor is stable, the load of the influent nitrate nitrogen is increased in a gradient manner, so that the mass ratio of the influent slowly biodegradable organic matters to the influent nitrate nitrogen is reduced to below 10 by more than 15, the enrichment of fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization bacteria is further enhanced, and the successful start of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization is finally realized.
The device and the method for realizing the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal have the following advantages:
1) Under the condition of no external carbon source, the slow biodegradable organic matters in the sewage are fully utilized, the high-efficiency removal of phosphorus and the stable output of nitrite are realized, and the cost burden caused by the external carbon source addition of the denitrification phosphorus removal technology is effectively reduced.
2) Compared with the denitrification dephosphorization technology, on the premise of fully utilizing the slow biodegradable organic matters, the stable output of the nitrite in the denitrification process is realized, and a stable nitrite source is provided for anaerobic ammonia oxidation.
3) Compared with the short-range denitrification technology, the method realizes the high-efficiency removal of phosphorus on the premise of fully utilizing the slow biodegradable organic matters.
4) Compared with the short-range denitrification dephosphorization technology, the method overcomes the technical problem that the slow-speed biodegradable organic matters can not be utilized, and enriches functional strains with fermentation and short-range denitrification dephosphorization.
5) The invention has simple control and convenient operation management, synchronously realizes the high-efficiency removal of phosphorus and the stable output of nitrite, and is beneficial to promoting the low-carbon and low-energy consumption engineering application of denitrification phosphorus removal and anaerobic ammonia oxidation technologies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device and a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal. In the figure, 1 is a nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank, 2 is a slow-speed biodegradable organic matter and phosphorus-containing water tank, 3 is a fermentation type short-distance denitrification dephosphorization reactor, 4 is a sludge settling tank, and 5 is an online monitoring and feedback control system; 3.1 is a first water inlet pump, 3.2 is an anaerobic zone, 3.3 is an anaerobic stirrer, 3.4 is an anoxic zone, 3.5 is an anoxic stirrer, 3.6 is a mud-water mixture outlet pipe, 3.7 is a second water inlet pump, and 3.8 is a sludge reflux pump; 4.1 is a water outlet pipe; 5.1 is a computer, 5.2 is a programmable process controller, 5.3 is a signal converter AD conversion interface, 5.4 is a signal converter DA conversion interface, 5.5 is a sludge reflux pump relay, 5.6 is a second water inlet pump relay, 5.7 is an anoxic stirring relay, 5.8 is an anaerobic stirring relay, and 5.9 is a first water inlet pump relay.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples: as shown in FIG. 1, a device and a method for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization apply the following devices: comprises a nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank 1, a slow-speed biodegradable organic matter and phosphorus-containing water tank 2, a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3, a sludge sedimentation tank 4 and an online monitoring and feedback control system 5; wherein the nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank 1 is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 through a second water inlet pump 3.7; the water tank 2 containing slow biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 through a first water inlet pump 3.1; the sludge sedimentation tank 4 is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 through a muddy water mixture outlet pipe 3.6;
wherein the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 is provided with a first water inlet pump 3.1, an anaerobic zone 3.2, an anaerobic stirrer 3.3, an anoxic zone 3.4, an anoxic stirrer 3.5, a muddy water mixture outlet pipe 3.6, a second water inlet pump 3.7 and a sludge reflux pump 3.8;
the on-line monitoring and feedback control system 5 comprises a computer 5.1 and a programmable process controller 5.2, wherein a signal converter AD conversion interface 5.3, a signal converter DA conversion interface 5.4, a sludge reflux pump relay 5.5, a second water inlet pump relay 5.6, an anoxic stirring relay 5.7, an anaerobic stirring relay 5.8 and a first water inlet pump relay 5.9 are arranged in the programmable process controller 5.2; wherein, the signal converter AD conversion interface 5.3 on the programmable process controller 5.2 is connected with the computer 5.1 through a cable, converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer 5.1; the computer 5.1 is connected with the programmable process controller 5.2 through a signal converter DA conversion interface 5.4, and transmits the digital instruction of the computer 5.1 to the programmable process controller 5.2; the sludge reflux pump relay 5.5 is connected with the sludge reflux pump 3.8; the second water inlet pump relay 5.6 is connected with the second water inlet pump 3.7; the anoxic stirring relay 5.7 is connected with the anoxic stirrer 3.5; the anaerobic stirring relay 5.8 is connected with the anaerobic stirrer 3.3; the first water inlet pump relay 5.9 is connected with the first water inlet pump 3.1.
In the test process, granular starch, monopotassium phosphate, 0.3 ml/L nutrient solution and tap water are adopted to simulate waste water containing slow-speed biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus, wherein the concentration of the slow-speed biodegradable organic matters is 500 mg COD/L, and the concentration of the phosphorus is 6 mg/L; sodium nitrate, 0.3 ml/L nutrient solution and tap water are adopted to simulate the wastewater containing nitrate nitrogen, and the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is adjusted according to the requirement. The nutrient solution components are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 nutrient solution formulation components
The test system is shown in figure 1, each reactor is made of organic glass, and the effective volume of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 is 30L; the effective volume of the sludge settling tank 4 is 20L.
The specific operation is as follows:
1) Adding the residual sludge of the sewage plant into a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 to ensure that the sludge concentration in the reactor is 5000 mg/L;
2) Starting a first water inlet pump 3.1, pumping wastewater containing slow-speed biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus into an anaerobic zone 3.2 of a fermentation type short-cut denitrification phosphorus removal reactor 3, starting an anaerobic stirrer 3.3, and performing fermentation, intracellular carbon source storage and phosphorus release reaction, wherein the 3.2 hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic zone is controlled to be 8 hours;
3) Starting a second water inlet pump 3.7, pumping 25 mg nitrogen/L of nitrate nitrogen wastewater into an anoxic zone 3.4 of the fermentation type short-distance denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3, controlling the mass ratio of the slow-speed biodegradable organic matter of water inlet to the nitrate nitrogen of water inlet to be 20, starting an anoxic stirrer 3.5 to perform short-distance denitrification and excessive phosphorus absorption reaction, and controlling the 3.4 hydraulic retention time of the anoxic zone to be 4 hours;
4) The sludge-water mixture of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor 3 flows into a sludge sedimentation tank 4 through a sludge-water mixture outlet pipe 3.6 to realize sludge-water separation, wherein the outlet water flows out through an outlet pipe 4.1, and the sludge flows back to an anaerobic zone 3.2 of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor 3 through a sludge reflux pump 3.8 to strengthen the enrichment of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria;
5) After the continuous operation for 40 days, the removal performance of organic matters, phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen in the anaerobic zone 3.2 and the anoxic zone 3.4 of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor 3 is found to be respectively stabilized to 60 percent, 45 percent and 98 percent; and then increasing the load of the nitrate nitrogen of the inlet water in a gradient of 10 mg nitrogen/L, so that the mass ratio of the slowly biodegradable organic matters of the inlet water to the nitrate nitrogen of the inlet water is gradually reduced from 20 to 8, and finally the successful start of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal is realized.
The test result shows that: under the conditions that the COD concentration of the slow biodegradable organic matter wastewater is 500 mg/L, the phosphorus concentration is 6 mg/L and the nitrate nitrogen concentration is 62.5 mg/L, the COD of the effluent is less than 100 mg/L, the phosphorus removal rate is more than 90%, the nitrate nitrogen removal rate is more than 98%, and the nitrate nitrogen-to-nitrite conversion rate is more than 75%, so that the short-range denitrification dephosphorization process is successfully started.
Claims (1)
1. A device for realizing fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a nitrate nitrogen-containing wastewater tank (1), a slow-speed biodegradable organic matter and phosphorus-containing water tank (2), a fermentation type short-distance denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3), a sludge sedimentation tank (4) and an online monitoring and feedback control system (5); wherein the nitrate-nitrogen containing wastewater tank (1) is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3) through a second water inlet pump (3.7); the water tank (2) containing slow biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3) through a first water inlet pump (3.1); the sludge sedimentation tank (4) is connected with the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3) through a muddy water mixture outlet pipe (3.6);
wherein the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3) is provided with a first water inlet pump (3.1), an anaerobic zone (3.2), an anaerobic stirrer (3.3), an anoxic zone (3.4), an anoxic stirrer (3.5), a muddy water mixture outlet pipe (3.6), a second water inlet pump (3.7) and a sludge reflux pump (3.8);
the on-line monitoring and feedback control system (5) comprises a computer (5.1) and a programmable process controller (5.2), wherein a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.3), a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.4), a sludge reflux pump relay (5.5), a second water inlet pump relay (5.6), an anoxic stirring relay (5.7), an anaerobic stirring relay (5.8) and a first water inlet pump relay (5.9) are arranged in the programmable process controller (5.2); wherein, a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.3) on the programmable process controller (5.2) is connected with the computer (5.1) through a cable, and converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer (5.1); the computer (5.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (5.2) through a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.4) and transmits the digital instruction of the computer (5.1) to the programmable process controller (5.2); the sludge reflux pump relay (5.5) is connected with the sludge reflux pump (3.8); the second water inlet pump relay (5.6) is connected with the second water inlet pump (3.7); the anoxic stirring relay (5.7) is connected with the anoxic stirrer (3.5); the anaerobic stirring relay (5.8) is connected with the anaerobic stirrer (3.3); the first water inlet pump relay (5.9) is connected with the first water inlet pump (3.1); the operation steps of the device comprise the following steps:
1) Adding sludge of a sewage plant into a fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3);
2) Starting a first water inlet pump (3.1), pumping the wastewater containing the slow biodegradable organic matters and phosphorus into an anaerobic zone (3.2) of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification phosphorus removal reactor (3), starting an anaerobic stirrer (3.3), and performing fermentation, intracellular carbon source storage and phosphorus release reaction;
3) Starting a second water inlet pump (3.7), pumping the nitrate-nitrogen wastewater into an anoxic zone (3.4) of the fermentation type short-cut denitrification dephosphorization reactor (3), controlling the mass ratio of the slow-speed biodegradable organic matter of water inlet to the nitrate-nitrogen of water inlet to be more than 15, and starting an anoxic stirrer (3.5) to carry out short-cut denitrification and excessive phosphorus absorption;
4) The sludge-water mixture of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor (3) flows into a sludge sedimentation tank (4) through a sludge-water mixture outlet pipe (3.6) to realize sludge-water separation, wherein the outlet water flows out through a water outlet pipe (4.1), and the sludge flows back to an anaerobic zone (3.2) of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor (3) through a sludge return pump (3.8) to strengthen the enrichment of fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria;
5) After the removal performance of organic matters, phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen in the anaerobic zone (3.2) and the anoxic zone (3.4) of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal reactor (3) is stable, the load of the influent nitrate nitrogen is increased in a gradient manner, so that the mass ratio of the influent slowly biodegradable organic matters to the influent nitrate nitrogen is reduced to below 10 by more than 15, the enrichment of fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria is further enhanced, and the successful start of the fermentation type short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal is finally realized.
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