CN108439596B - Method for treating urban domestic sewage by one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process - Google Patents
Method for treating urban domestic sewage by one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating urban domestic sewage by a one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process. Adding prepared semi-nitrosation sludge and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge into an oxidation ditch, hanging braid type filler of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation biomembrane in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch, running the oxidation ditch in a continuous flow mode, arranging a bottom plug flow in a gallery to push water flow, and running and domesticating by adopting a comprehensive control strategy of high load, low dissolved oxygen concentration and time-period variable-gas-volume aeration control of aeration intensity. And in the initial operation stage, an artificial water distribution mode is adopted, the oxidation ditch stably operates, and after the total nitrogen removal efficiency reaches 45%, the total nitrogen removal rate is kept above 80% after 70 days of operation. The method solves the problems that the prior method for treating the total nitrogen in the urban domestic sewage has low effect, the quality of the effluent is difficult to stably reach the first class A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants, and the operation cost is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating urban domestic sewage by a one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process.
Background
At present, town sewage treatment plants face increasingly severe upgrading and transformation requirements, the effluent quality of a plurality of town sewage treatment plants is required to be improved from the first-grade B standard of the pollutant emission standard of the town sewage treatment plants to the A standard, but the existing traditional biological denitrification process has poor removal rate of total nitrogen and higher capital construction and operating cost, so that the development of a novel efficient domestic sewage treatment technology and the reduction of investment and operating cost are imperative.
The oxidation ditch process is widely applied to urban domestic sewage treatment plants, belongs to a modification mode of an activated sludge process, and is named because the structure is in a closed gallery shape. The oxidation ditch leads the mixed liquid to flow forwards at a certain speed through aeration and stirring equipment, an anoxic zone is formed by a corridor without aeration, and the oxidation ditch realizes the removal of organic matters and nitrogen by utilizing different distribution of dissolved oxygen in the ditch. The oxidation ditch has simple process flow, convenient operation and management and stable effluent quality, but after the domestic sewage discharge standard is improved from the first-class B of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants (GB 18918-2002) to the first-class A standard, the process is difficult to reach the standard and the operation cost is obviously increased, thereby limiting the further application of the process.
The one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anammox-denitrification coupling process is characterized in that the synergistic effect between nitrite bacteria and anammox bacteria is utilized to convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite, the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite are utilized to generate nitrogen, the removal of nitrogen is realized, meanwhile, the total nitrogen removal rate is further improved through denitrifying bacteria, and the stable standard of effluent is ensured. The coupling process integrates all biochemical reactions in one reactor, simplifies the process flow, reduces the occupied area and the capital construction cost, only partially converts ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, reduces the aeration amount, reduces the operation energy consumption and greatly reduces the sludge disposal cost. The coupling process is realized in the oxidation ditch, the total nitrogen treatment effect of the oxidation ditch process is effectively improved, the operation cost is further reduced, and the coupling process has remarkable social, economic and environmental benefits.
However, the core functional strains of nitrite bacteria and anammox bacteria in the process are autotrophic bacteria, the process running time is long, the start-up of the pilot scale anammox reactor usually needs several months, and the start-up time required by actual engineering application is longer. In addition, autotrophic bacteria are sensitive to temperature and pH value, have poor sludge settling performance and serious sludge loss, are difficult to regulate and control, and seriously restrict the further application of the process. The invention provides a method for treating urban domestic sewage by a one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process, and provides a powerful technical support for engineering of the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating urban domestic sewage by a one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process, which solves the problems of poor total nitrogen removal effect, high operation cost, slow start of the semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, difficult operation regulation and control and serious sludge loss in the urban domestic sewage treatment by the conventional oxidation ditch process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing an oxidation ditch, semi-nitrosation sludge successfully domesticated, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge and braid type filler hung with an anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological membrane;
step 2: adding prepared semi-nitrosation sludge and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge into the oxidation ditch according to the mass ratio of 1:2, so that the concentration of suspended sludge in the oxidation ditch is 3300-3400 mg/L, and meanwhile, a braid type filler of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological film is suspended in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch, so that the biomass of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch is increased;
and step 3: the oxidation ditch runs in a continuous flow mode, a bottom plug flow is arranged in the gallery to push water flow, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 hours; the comprehensive control strategy of controlling the aeration intensity by time-interval variable-air-volume aeration is adopted for operation and domestication with high load and low dissolved oxygen concentration; the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water is 110-130 mg/L, and the inlet water load is gradually reduced; aerating in different channels with variable air volume at different periods, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of an aerated area to be 0.2mg/L and controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of a non-aerated area to be less than 0.1 mg/L; maintaining the pH value at 7.8-8.3 and the temperature at 26-30 ℃; and in the initial operation stage, an artificial water distribution mode is adopted, the oxidation ditch stably operates, and the actual town sewage is treated after the total nitrogen removal efficiency reaches 45%. After the operation for 70 days, the total nitrogen removal rate is kept above 80%, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
A submersible stirrer is arranged at the bottom of each gallery of the oxidation ditch to push water flow, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 hours.
The concentration of the suspended sludge is 3300-3400 mg/L, and the semi-nitrosation sludge and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are added according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation biomembranes are attached to the braid-type fillers, and the braid-type fillers are placed in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch to increase the biomass of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch.
The corridor is subjected to time-interval variable-air-volume aeration, the oxidation ditch corridor is divided into an aeration area and a non-aeration area, the aeration area is internally provided with a period of 4 hours, and the aeration rate in the first 2 hours is 1m3H, aeration rate of 2m in the next 2 hours3And/h, alternately carrying out, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration area to be 0.2mg/L, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the non-aeration area to be less than 0.1mg/L, and facilitating the improvement of the short-cut nitrification effect due to the alternate change of the aeration intensity.
The temperature of the oxidation ditch is controlled to be 26-30 ℃, and the pH value is 7.8-8.3.
The process is used for treating actual town sewage, the total nitrogen removal rate is kept above 80%, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard of pollutant discharge standard of town sewage treatment plants.
During the culture period, indexes such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and the like in and out of water can be monitored so as to master the process of starting the process.
According to the invention, the braid-type filler of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biomembrane is suspended in the non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch, so that the biomass of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch is increased, and meanwhile, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are retained on the braid-type filler, so that the problem of sludge loss of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is effectively solved, and the quick start and stable operation of the process are facilitated.
In the reaction stage, the invention adopts a comprehensive control strategy of high load, low dissolved oxygen concentration and time-interval variable-gas-volume aeration control of aeration intensity to operate and domesticate, so that the oxidation ditch gallery is divided into an aeration area and a non-aeration area, the time-interval variable-gas-volume aeration control is carried out in the aeration area, and the aeration intensity is alternately changed, thereby being beneficial to improving the semi-nitrosation effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the braid-type filler of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biomembrane is hung in the non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch, so that the biomass of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch is increased, and meanwhile, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are kept on the braid-type filler, so that the problem of sludge loss of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is effectively solved, the starting time of the process is accelerated, and the stable operation can be realized only in 70 days.
(2) In the reaction stage, the invention adopts a comprehensive control strategy of high load, low dissolved oxygen concentration and time-interval variable-gas-volume aeration control of aeration intensity to operate and domesticate, so that the oxidation ditch gallery is divided into an aeration area and a non-aeration area, the time-interval variable-gas-volume aeration control is realized in the aeration area, the flexible control of aeration volume is realized, and the alternate change of aeration intensity is favorable for improving the semi-nitrosation effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a statistical chart of the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate in Carrousel oxidation ditch 1-51 days;
FIG. 2 is a statistical chart of the total nitrogen removal effect of Carrousel oxidation ditch for 1-51 days;
FIG. 3 is a statistical chart of the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate removal effect of the Carrousel oxidation ditch in 52-80 days;
FIG. 4 is a statistical chart of the total nitrogen removal effect of Carrousel oxidation ditch for 52-80 days.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
The oxidation ditch is made of stainless steel, is 1.8m high and has a total volume of 6 m3. The channel body is composed of 4 galleries which are respectively named as gallery 1, gallery 2, gallery 3 and gallery 4, bottom flow pushing devices are installed in gallery 1 and gallery 3, and the flow pushing speed is regulated and controlled on line. And microporous aeration devices are paved in the galleries 2 and 4, and aeration is controlled in real time. The entire reactor was operated at ambient temperature. The prepared semi-nitrosation sludge and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are added into the oxidation ditch according to the mass ratio of 1:2, so that the concentration of the suspended sludge in the oxidation ditch is 3300 mg/L, and meanwhile, braid type fillers of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological film are suspended in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch, so that the biomass of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch is increased. Manual water distribution is adopted at the initial stage of starting, and water is discharged from a grit chamber of a sewage treatment plant after the total nitrogen removal efficiency reaches more than 45%. Adopts high-load, low-dissolved oxygen concentration and time-interval variable-air-volume aeration controlCarrying out operation and domestication on an integrated control strategy of aeration intensity; the inlet water is nitrogen-containing wastewater, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen inlet water is 110-130 mg/L, the inlet water load is gradually reduced, and simultaneously, trace elements are added into the inlet water; the air is aerated in variable air quantity at different periods by the galleries, and the aeration quantity is controlled to be 1-2 m3The dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration area is controlled to be about 0.2mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the non-aeration area is controlled to be below 0.1 mg/L; the pH value of the inlet water is 7.8-8.3, the temperature is 26-30 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 hours. After the operation for 70 days, the total nitrogen removal rate is kept above 80%, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
The reactor described in the present invention is a Carrousel oxidation ditch, but is equally suitable for other types of oxidation ditch reactors. The method provided by the invention can be used for treating actual urban domestic sewage in the oxidation ditch, successfully realizing the starting of the one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process after running for 70 days, and effectively shortening the starting time of the semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process. According to the method, aeration is controlled by reasonable parameters, particularly time-interval control, and meanwhile, braid-type fillers of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biomembrane are hung in a non-aeration area, so that the biomass of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in an oxidation ditch is increased, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are effectively intercepted, the screening and enrichment of functional flora in the reactor are accelerated, and the reactor is started successfully and rapidly.
Wherein FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrate the effect of removing various pollutants in Carrousel oxidation ditch operating for 1-51 days by gradually reducing NH entering water4 +N concentration, making the system gradually adapt to low NH4 +-N municipal sewage. At the end of this operating phase, system NH4 +The removal amount of-N is still maintained at about 35mg/L, and the effluent NO2 --N concentration is maintained below 5mg/L, NO3 -The concentration of N is maintained below 2mg/L, the removal amount of TN is maintained at 30mg/L, and the removal rate of TN is 45%.
FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate NH removal from 72d after 52-80 days of Carrousel oxidation ditch operation4 +The concentration of the-N effluent is maintained below 2mg/L, NO2 --N and NO3 -The concentration of-N is maintained within 1mg/L, andthe TN of the water is kept below 4mg/L, the TN removal rate is kept above 80%, and the effluent reaches the first class A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for treating urban domestic sewage by a one-stage type semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing an oxidation ditch, semi-nitrosation sludge successfully domesticated, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge and braid type filler hung with an anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological membrane;
step 2: adding prepared semi-nitrosation sludge and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge into the oxidation ditch, so that the concentration of suspended sludge in the oxidation ditch is 3300-3400 mg/L, and meanwhile, a braid type filler is suspended in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch;
and step 3: the oxidation ditch is operated in a continuous flow mode, and is acclimatized by adopting a comprehensive control strategy of high load, low dissolved oxygen concentration and time-interval variable-air-volume aeration control of aeration intensity; in the initial operation stage, a manual water distribution mode is adopted, the oxidation ditch stably operates, and after the total nitrogen removal efficiency reaches 45%, actual town sewage is treated; after the operation for 70 days, the total nitrogen removal rate is kept above 80%, and the effluent reaches the first-grade A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
2. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the comprehensive control strategy for controlling the aeration intensity by adopting high-load and low-dissolved oxygen concentration and time-interval variable-air-volume aeration is operated and domesticated, and specifically comprises the following steps: the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water is 110-130 mg/L, and the inlet water load is gradually reduced; aerating in different channels with variable air volume, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in an aerated area to be 0.2mg/L and controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in a non-aerated area to be less than 0.1 mg/L.
3. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a submersible stirrer is arranged at the bottom of each gallery of the oxidation ditch to push water flow, and the hydraulic retention time is 20 hours.
4. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the semi-nitrosation sludge and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are added according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
5. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: anaerobic ammonia oxidation biomembranes are attached to the braid-type fillers, and the braid-type fillers are placed in a non-aeration area in the oxidation ditch to increase the biomass of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the oxidation ditch.
6. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step 3, the oxidation ditch maintains the pH value to be 7.8-8.3, and the temperature is controlled to be 26-30 ℃.
7. The method for treating urban domestic sewage by using the one-stage semi-nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification coupling process according to claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the corridor is subjected to time-interval variable-air-volume aeration, the oxidation ditch corridor is divided into an aeration area and a non-aeration area, the aeration area is internally provided with a period of 4 hours, and the aeration rate in the first 2 hours is 1m3H, aeration rate of 2m in the next 2 hours3And/h, alternately carrying out, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration area to be 0.2mg/L, controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the non-aeration area to be less than 0.1mg/L, and facilitating the improvement of the short-cut nitrification effect due to the alternate change of the aeration intensity.
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| CN111908605A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for treating domestic sewage by anaerobic ammonia oxidation-oxidation ditch coupling |
| CN115231696B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-12-19 | 知和环保科技有限公司 | Method for quickly starting shortcut nitrification |
| CN115557607B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-02-23 | 达斯玛环境科技（北京）有限公司 | Integrated biological reaction tank system and method |
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| CN203048738U (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2013-07-10 | 北京工业大学 | Device for strengthening autotrophic nitrogen removal of urban wastewater oxidation ditch process |
| US9522833B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-12-20 | Manuel Alvarez-Cuenca | Simultaneous treatment of ammonia and phosphorus in a vertical reactor |
| CN106186323B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2019-02-22 | 福建省环境科学研究院 | A method of starting integrated short distance nitration-anaerobic ammoxidation technique |
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