CN110697905A - Rapid culture of short-range denitrifying bacteria and NO production by using fermented sludge as carbon source2-In a semiconductor device - Google Patents
Rapid culture of short-range denitrifying bacteria and NO production by using fermented sludge as carbon source2-In a semiconductor device Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
Abstract
Rapid culture of short-range denitrifying bacteria and NO production by using fermented sludge as carbon source2 ‑Belonging to the field of biological sewage treatment. The device comprises a sludge storage tank, a nitrifying liquid raw water tank, a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification sequencing batch reactor and a water outlet tank. After being uniformly mixed, the residual sludge enters a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor to complete sludge hydrolysis and acidification, and then the nitrified liquid enters the reactor to realize NO2 ‑Is generated. In a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor,the sludge fermentation microorganisms firstly ferment to convert the excess sludge into easily degradable organic matters, so that the sludge reduction is realized and a carbon source is provided for short-cut denitrification; after the sludge fermentation is finished, the short-cut denitrification is realized by taking the fermentation product as a carbon source. The method combines sludge fermentation and short-range denitrification together, is applied to biological sewage treatment, and realizes NO on the basis of saving floor area, saving carbon source and realizing sludge reduction, harmlessness and recycling2 ‑Accumulation of (2).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for quickly culturing short-range denitrifying bacteria by taking fermented sludge as a carbon source and producing NO2 -Belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and aims to realize reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of excess sludge and NO2 -Test device and method for accumulation of (a).
Background
With the rapid development of industry, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, nitrogen pollution of water bodies is more serious, and eutrophication frequently occurs, which has attracted high attention of people. How to make the method for removing the nitrogen-containing compounds in the water body have the characteristics of high efficiency, economy and the like is also a popular problem for the researches of scholars. Among them, the anammox process is favored by most researchers because of its high efficiency, economical efficiency and good energy saving effect.
NO as main reactant in anaerobic ammonia oxidation process2 -The source of (A) is still a problem which is difficult to solve, and the existing engineering experiment solves NO by two processes of short-cut nitrification and short-cut denitrification2 -Problem of origin, in the short-cut nitrification anammox system, anammox bacteria are responsible for NO2 -Is less competitive than nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and the short-cut nitrification process is not easy to control, destroy and recover. And the short-range denitrification has the advantages of strong stability, difficult damage and the like.
The enrichment of the short-range denitrifying bacteria is difficult, the selectivity to carbon sources is strong, and easily degradable organic matters can be utilized but difficultly degradable organic matters cannot be utilized. Researches show that the conversion from refractory organic matters to easily degradable organic matters can be realized by a hydrolytic acidification technology. If the technical control is based on the means, the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification is hopeful to be realized so as to realize the conversion of the refractory organic matters and NO2 -Stable accumulation of (2).
At present, more than 99 percent of sewage treatment plants all adopt an activated sludge method all over the world, each urban sewage treatment plant discharges a large amount of excess sludge every day, and the treatment and disposal cost of the excess activated sludge almost accounts for half of the operation cost of the whole sewage treatment plant. When nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus are removed by urban sewage treatment plants in China, the problem of insufficient carbon source generally exists, hydrolysis products of excess sludge can be used as organic carbon sources to help realize the denitrification process, and the method not only realizes the reduction of the excess sludge, but also saves the carbon sources.
Compared with primary sludge, the excess sludge is mainly composed of active microorganisms, and the organic matters in the sludge are mainly microorganisms per se. And according to different treatment processes of different sewage treatment plants, the composition of active microorganisms in the excess sludge is different, so that the pretreatment can be carried out by a certain technical means, the activity of the excess sludge is reduced, and the influence on the short-cut denitrification is reduced. The existing sludge pretreatment methods comprise a physical method and a chemical method, wherein the physical method comprises ultrasonic treatment, thermal hydrolysis, mechanical crushing and the like, and the chemical method mainly comprises adding chemicals. Compared with a chemical method, the physical method is simpler, safer and easy to control.
The excess sludge after physical pretreatment is added into a hydrolytic acidification coupling short-cut denitrification system and is controlled by a certain technical means, so that the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification is hopeful to be realized, and the reduction of the excess sludge and the reduction of NO are realized2 -Accumulation of (2).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for sludge fermentation coupled with short-cut denitrification to provide a carbon source and generate NO through sludge fermentation2 -Realizes accumulation, realizes reduction of excess sludge, saves carbon source and solves the problem of NO in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology2 -Source of problems.
The purpose of the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: rapid culture of short-range denitrifying bacteria and NO production by using fermented sludge as carbon source2 -The device and the method are characterized by comprising a sewage storage tank(1) The system comprises a nitrifying liquid water tank (2), a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3), a water outlet tank (4) and an online monitoring and feedback control system (5); the sludge storage tank (1) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a sludge inlet pump (3.1); the nitrified liquid raw water tank (2) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a water inlet pump (3.2); the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) is connected with a water outlet tank (4) through a water discharge electric valve (3.3).
The sludge storage tank (1) is provided with a stirring device (1.1) and a stirring paddle (1.2); a drainage electric valve (3.3), a stirring device (3.4), a DO online detector (3.5), a first sampling port (3.6) and a second sampling port (3.7) are arranged in the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3); the water outlet tank (4) is provided with an overflow pipe (4.1) and a drain pipe (4.2);
the online monitoring and feedback control system (5) comprises a computer (5.1) and a programmable process controller (5.2), wherein a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.3), a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.4), a stirring relay (5.5), a DO data signal interface (5.6), a mud pump inlet relay (5.7), a water pump inlet relay (5.8) and a water drainage electric valve relay (5.9) are arranged in the programmable process controller (5.2); wherein, a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.3) on the programmable process controller (5.2) is connected with the computer (5.1) through a cable, and converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer (5.1); the computer (5.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (5.2) through a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.4) and transmits the digital instruction of the computer (5.1) to the programmable process controller (5.2); the DO data signal interface (5.6) is connected with a DO measuring instrument (5.6) through a sensor lead; the stirring relay (5.5) is connected with the stirring device (3.4); the mud inlet pump relay (5.7) is connected with the mud inlet pump (3.1); the water inlet pump relay (5.8) is connected with the water inlet pump (3.2); the electric drainage valve relay (5.9) is connected with the electric drainage valve (3.3).
The invention also provides a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification method, which comprises the following specific starting and regulating steps:
1) and (3) starting a system: and (3) adding the hydrolysis acidification coupling short-range denitrification sludge into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3) to ensure that the sludge concentration in the reactor after inoculation reaches 2000-6000 mg/L (in the effective volume of the reactor, calculated by MLSS).
2) Measuring the sludge fermentation potential and determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate:
taking the residual sludge to ferment at 30 ℃, and determining the concentration of SCOD (cyclic fatty acid dehydrogenase), wherein when the concentration of SCOD does not increase and the SCOD value does not increase within 20 minutes, the concentration is the maximum potential of sludge fermentation at the concentration.
Determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate according to the calculation formulas (1) and (2):
V1+V2＝Vρ (2)
note: SCOD in the formula is SCOD concentration of the residual sludge with the concentration under the maximum fermentation potential;
V1、V2v is the organic matter input, the nitrate solution input and the effective volume of the reactor respectively
NO3 -Is the influent nitrate concentration;
C/N represents the ratio of the SCOD concentration to the nitrate concentration, and the set value is selected within the range of 4: 1-6: 1;
ρ is a drainage ratio, a set value, 60%.
3) The runtime adjustment operation is as follows:
adding the excess sludge into a sludge storage tank (1), starting a stirrer (1.1) before the beginning of each period to uniformly mix the excess sludge, then starting a sludge inlet pump (3.1), and adding V at the beginning of each period1Pumping the residual sludge with the volume into a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) to ensure that the theoretical SCOD concentration in the effective volume of the reactor is 300-500 mg/L;
when the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) operates, the stirrer (3.4) is started through the stirring relay (5.5) at the beginning of each period, anaerobic stirring is carried out for 200-800 min, the anaerobic stirring is finished when the SCOD value reaches more than 95% of the maximum fermentation potential,during the process, the DO concentration in the short sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) is controlled to be below 0.01mg/L through an online monitoring and feedback control system (5); then nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid raw water tank (2) is started to be pumped into the water inlet pump (3.2) through the water inlet pump relay (5.8)2Pumping the nitrified liquid into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3), starting anoxic stirring until the nitrite conversion rate reaches more than 80% or the nitrate nitrogen concentration is less than 5mg/L, stopping stirring, starting precipitation and drainage, and entering the next period after idling.
The sludge fermentation coupled with the short-cut denitrification of the invention realizes sludge reduction and NO2 -The accumulation device and the method have the following advantages:
1) the reduction of the residual activated sludge is realized by the sludge fermentation technology, the residual sludge is recycled, the addition of an external carbon source is reduced, and the carbon source is saved.
2) Realizes short-cut denitrification process and stable NO by condition control2 -The accumulation of (A) can provide a substrate source for an anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and provides a good reference idea for the realization of a short-cut denitrification process and the process control.
3) The sludge fermentation process and the short-cut denitrification process are coupled in the same SBR reactor, so that the sludge reduction and the NO reduction are synchronously realized2 -The generation and accumulation of the energy-saving device can save the occupied space and reduce the energy consumption.
4) The excess sludge is pretreated by a physical method, so that the addition of chemicals is reduced, the secondary pollution caused by excess sludge treatment is avoided, the side effect is reduced, and meanwhile, the physical pretreatment process is easier to control and has no hidden hazard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the sludge fermentation coupled with short-cut denitrification to realize sludge reduction and NO2 -Schematic structural diagram of the accumulation device.
In the figure, 1 is a sludge storage tank, 2 is a nitrifying liquid raw water tank, 3 is a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor, 4 is a water outlet tank, and 5 is an online monitoring and feedback control system; 1.1 is a stirring device, and 1.2 is a stirring paddle; 3.1 is a mud inlet pump, 3.2 is a water inlet pump, 3.3 is a water discharge electric valve, 3.4 is a stirring device, 3.5 is a DO online detector, 3.6 is a first sampling port, and 3.7 is a second sampling port; 4.1 is an overflow pipe of the water outlet tank, and 4.2 is a water outlet tank drain pipe; 5.1 is a computer, 5.2 is a programmable process controller, 5.3 is a DA conversion interface of a built-in signal converter, 5.4 is an AD conversion interface of a signal converter, 5.5 is a stirring relay, 5.6 is a DO data signal interface, 5.7 is a mud pump relay, 5.8 is a water inlet pump relay, and 5.9 is a water drainage electric valve relay.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples: as shown in figure 1, sludge reduction and NO are realized by coupling single sludge fermentation with short-cut denitrification2 -The device and the method for accumulating are characterized by comprising a sewage storage tank (1), a nitrifying liquid water tank (2), a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3), a water outlet tank (4) and an online monitoring and feedback control system (5); the sludge storage tank (1) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a sludge inlet pump (3.1); the nitrified liquid raw water tank (2) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a water inlet pump (3.2); the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) is connected with a water outlet tank (4) through a water discharge electric valve (3.3).
The sludge storage tank (1) is provided with a stirring device (1.1) and a stirring paddle (1.2); a drainage electric valve (3.3), a stirring device (3.4), a DO online detector (3.5), a first sampling port (3.6) and a second sampling port (3.7) are arranged in the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3); the water outlet tank (4) is provided with an overflow pipe (4.1) and a drain pipe (4.2);
the online monitoring and feedback control system (5) comprises a computer (5.1) and a programmable process controller (5.2), wherein a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.3), a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.4), a stirring relay (5.5), a DO data signal interface (5.6), a mud pump inlet relay (5.7), a water pump inlet relay (5.8) and a water drainage electric valve relay (5.9) are arranged in the programmable process controller (5.2); wherein, a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.3) on the programmable process controller (5.2) is connected with the computer (5.1) through a cable, and converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer (5.1); the computer (5.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (5.2) through a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.4) and transmits the digital instruction of the computer (5.1) to the programmable process controller (5.2); the DO data signal interface (5.6) is connected with a DO measuring instrument (5.6) through a sensor lead; the stirring relay (5.5) is connected with the stirring device (3.4); the mud inlet pump relay (5.7) is connected with the mud inlet pump (3.1); the water inlet pump relay (5.8) is connected with the water inlet pump (3.2); the electric drainage valve relay (5.9) is connected with the electric drainage valve (3.3).
In the test process, the specific experimental water is taken from domestic sewage of family areas of Beijing university of industry and effluent of a nitration reactor, and the specific water quality of the domestic sewage is as follows: COD concentration is 30-50 mg/L, NH4 +N concentration of 0-2 mg/L, NO2 -N concentration < 1mg/L, NO3 -PO with-N concentration of 10-50 mg/L4 3-The concentration of-P is 0-2 mg/L, and the pH value is 7.3-7.6. Sludge fermentation the excess sludge is taken from pilot plant secondary sedimentation tank sludge of Beijing university of industry, is subjected to physical inactivation treatment and then is added into a sludge storage tank (1). The test system is shown in figure 1, the reactor is made of organic glass, and the effective volume of the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) is 10L.
The specific operation is as follows:
1) and (3) starting a system: and (3) adding the hydrolysis acidification coupling short-range denitrification sludge into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3) to ensure that the sludge concentration in the reactor after inoculation reaches 2000-6000 mg/L (in the effective volume of the reactor, calculated by MLSS).
2) Measuring the sludge fermentation potential and determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate:
taking the residual sludge to ferment at 30 ℃, and determining the concentration of SCOD (cyclic fatty acid dehydrogenase), wherein when the concentration of SCOD does not increase and the SCOD value does not increase within 20 minutes, the concentration is the maximum potential of sludge fermentation at the concentration.
Determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate according to the calculation formulas (1) and (2):
V1+V2＝Vρ (2)
note: SCOD in the formula is SCOD concentration of the residual sludge with the concentration under the maximum fermentation potential;
V1、V2v is the organic matter input, the nitrate solution input and the effective volume of the reactor respectively
NO3 -Is the influent nitrate concentration;
C/N represents the ratio of the SCOD concentration to the nitrate concentration, and the set value is selected within the range of 4: 1-6: 1;
ρ is a drainage ratio, a set value, 60%.
3) The runtime adjustment operation is as follows:
adding the excess sludge into a sludge storage tank (1), starting a stirrer (1.1) before the beginning of each period to uniformly mix the excess sludge, then starting a sludge inlet pump (3.1), and adding V at the beginning of each period1Pumping the residual sludge with the volume into a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) to ensure that the theoretical SCOD concentration in the effective volume of the reactor is 300-500 mg/L;
when the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) operates, starting a stirrer (3.4) through a stirring relay (5.5) at the beginning of each cycle, carrying out anaerobic stirring for 200-800 min, finishing the anaerobic stirring when the SCOD value reaches more than 95% of the maximum fermentation potential, and controlling the DO concentration in the short-cut sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) to be less than 0.01mg/L through an online monitoring and feedback control system (5) all the time; then nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid raw water tank (2) is started to be pumped into the water inlet pump (3.2) through the water inlet pump relay (5.8)2Pumping the nitrified liquid into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3), starting anoxic stirring until the nitrite conversion rate reaches more than 80% or the nitrate nitrogen concentration is less than 5mg/L, stopping stirring, starting precipitation and drainage, and entering the next period after idling.
The experimental result shows that the excess sludge can be converted into easily degradable organic matters in the sludge fermentation stage and can be used as a carbon source for short-range denitrification, and the sludge reduction effect can be realized50 to 70 percent; the denitrification stage can realize NO2 -The accumulation rate reaches 60 to 80 percent, and the concentration of the nitrate and the nitrogen in the effluent can be ignored.
Claims (2)
1. Rapid culture of short-range denitrifying bacteria and NO production by using fermented sludge as carbon source2 -The device is characterized by comprising a sewage storage tank (1), a nitrifying liquid water tank (2), a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3), a water outlet tank (4) and an online monitoring and feedback control system (5); the sludge storage tank (1) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a sludge inlet pump (3.1); the nitrified liquid raw water tank (2) is connected with the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) through a water inlet pump (3.2); a drainage electric valve (3.3) of the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) is connected with a water outlet tank (4);
the sludge storage tank (1) is provided with a stirring device (1.1) and a stirring paddle (1.2); a drainage electric valve (3.3), a stirring device (3.4), a DO online detector (3.5), a first sampling port (3.6) and a second sampling port (3.7) are arranged in the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3); the water outlet tank (4) is provided with an overflow pipe (4.1) and a drain pipe (4.2);
the online monitoring and feedback control system (5) comprises a computer (5.1) and a programmable process controller (5.2), wherein a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.3), a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.4), a stirring relay (5.5), a DO data signal interface (5.6), a mud pump inlet relay (5.7), a water pump inlet relay (5.8) and a water drainage electric valve relay (5.9) are arranged in the programmable process controller (5.2); wherein, a signal converter AD conversion interface (5.3) on the programmable process controller (5.2) is connected with the computer (5.1) through a cable, and converts the analog signal of the sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the computer (5.1); the computer (5.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (5.2) through a signal converter DA conversion interface (5.4) and transmits the digital instruction of the computer (5.1) to the programmable process controller (5.2); the DO data signal interface (5.6) is connected with a DO measuring instrument (5.6) through a sensor lead; the stirring relay (5.5) is connected with the stirring device (3.4); the mud inlet pump relay (5.7) is connected with the mud inlet pump (3.1); the water inlet pump relay (5.8) is connected with the water inlet pump (3.2); the electric drainage valve relay (5.9) is connected with the electric drainage valve (3.3).
2. Use of the device of claim 1 for the cultivation of short range denitrifying bacteria and the production of NO2 -The method of (2), comprising:
1) and (3) starting a system: adding the hydrolysis acidification coupling short-range denitrification sludge into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3) to ensure that the sludge concentration in the reactor after inoculation reaches 2000-6000 mg/L in terms of MLSS;
2) measuring the sludge fermentation potential and determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate:
taking the residual sludge to ferment at 30 ℃, and determining the concentration of SCOD (cyclic fatty acid dehydrogenase), wherein when the concentration of SCOD does not increase and the SCOD value does not increase within 20 minutes, the concentration is the maximum potential of sludge fermentation at the concentration;
determining the input amount of organic matters and nitrate according to the calculation formulas (1) and (2):
V1+V2＝Vρ (2)
note: SCOD in the formula is SCOD concentration of the residual sludge with the concentration under the maximum fermentation potential;
V1、V2v is the organic matter input, the nitrate solution input and the effective volume NO of the reactor respectively3 -Is the influent nitrate concentration;
C/N represents the ratio of the SCOD concentration to the nitrate concentration, and the set value is selected within the range of 4: 1-6: 1;
rho is a drainage ratio, and the set value is 60 percent;
3) the runtime adjustment operation is as follows:
adding the excess sludge into a sludge storage tank (1), starting a stirrer (1.1) before the beginning of each period to uniformly mix the excess sludge, then starting a sludge inlet pump (3.1), and adding V at the beginning of each period1Pumping the residual sludge with the volume into a sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) to ensure that the theoretical SCOD concentration in the effective volume of the reactor is 300-500 mg/L;
when the sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (3) operates, starting a stirrer (3.4) through a stirring relay (5.5) at the beginning of each cycle, carrying out anaerobic stirring for 200-800 min, finishing the anaerobic stirring when the SCOD value reaches more than 95% of the maximum fermentation potential, and controlling the DO concentration in the short-cut sludge fermentation coupling short-cut denitrification reactor (4) to be less than 0.01mg/L through an online monitoring and feedback control system (5) all the time; then nitrifying liquid in the nitrifying liquid raw water tank (2) is started to be pumped into the water inlet pump (3.2) through the water inlet pump relay (5.8)2Pumping the nitrified liquid into a sludge fermentation coupling short-range denitrification reactor (3), starting anoxic stirring until the nitrite conversion rate reaches more than 80% or the nitrate nitrogen concentration is less than 5mg/L, stopping stirring, starting precipitation and drainage, and entering the next period after idling.
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| CN109055436A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南大学 | A method of free nitrous acid is prepared based on excess sludge anaerobic digestion solution |
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