CN107162186B - Device and method for urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal based on granular sludge - Google Patents
Device and method for urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal based on granular sludge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification device and method based on granular sludge, belonging to the technical field of biological sewage treatment. The device comprises an urban sewage raw water tank, a denitrification reactor and an online control system. The urban sewage enters the denitrification reactor from the raw water tank through the water inlet pump, firstly, anaerobic operation is started, and organic matters in the sewage are converted into an internal carbon source to be stored in microorganisms; then entering a low-oxygen operation stage, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be 0.2-0.5mg/L, and carrying out short-cut nitrification anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction; when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor begins to rise to 1.0mg/L, stopping aeration, entering an anoxic stage, and carrying out endogenous denitrification coupling anaerobic ammonia oxidation; then the sludge enters a short-time sedimentation, granular sludge is formed by sedimentation and selective pressure, and finally, the operation of one period is finished by draining water. The method has the advantages of low total nitrogen concentration of effluent, low energy consumption, stable operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal device and method for urban sewage based on granular sludge, belonging to the technical field of biological sewage treatment.
Background
The urbanization process of China is accelerated continuously in the year, urban residents are increased continuously, and the urban sewage quantity is increased continuously. In order to control the pollution of pollutant discharge to water, urban sewage treatment plants are established in China on a large scale in the year, and are mainly used for controlling the discharge of organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in sewage. The traditional biological denitrification technology is mostly adopted in the current urban sewage treatment plants, and the technology has the defects of high energy consumption, large sludge yield and the like, so that the development of the high-efficiency low-energy-consumption denitrification technology has important significance.
The anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology is a novel sewage biological denitrification technology, has the characteristics of low energy consumption, small sludge production and the like, and is mainly applied to high ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment at present. The main bottleneck limiting the application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification technology in urban sewage treatment plants is to control the growth and propagation of Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) in sludge, so that nitrite can be generated to provide a substrate for anaerobic ammonia oxidation. In a sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system with coexistence of granular sludge and floc sludge, nitrifying bacteria including Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) and NOB mainly exist in the floc sludge, and the other parts of AOB and NOB exist in the outer layer of the granular sludge; the anammox bacteria are mainly present in the granular sludge. Thus by forming granular sludge, avoiding the presence of floc sludge can greatly reduce the amount of NOB; in addition, endogenous short-range denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification is realized through postposition oxygen deficiency, and stable sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to promote the application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology in the municipal sewage treatment, based on the analysis, a municipal sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal device and method based on granular sludge are provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal device for urban sewage based on granular sludge is characterized by being provided with an urban sewage raw water tank 1, a nitrogen removal reactor 2 and an online control device 3; the urban sewage raw water tank 1 is connected with the denitrification reactor 2 through a water inlet pump 1.1, and the height-diameter ratio of the denitrification reactor 2 is 15-30; the denitrification reactor is provided with a reflux pump 2.1, an aeration pump 2.2, a dissolved oxygen on-line sensor 2.3, a drain valve 2.4, a three-phase separator 2.5 and a reflux pipe 2.6; the data of the dissolved oxygen on-line sensor 2.3 is transmitted to the on-line control device 3, the device is composed of a PLC programmable controller and a motor control cabinet, and the aeration pump 2.2, the water inlet pump 1.1, the reflux pump 2.1 and the drain valve 2.4 can be controlled according to the concentration of the dissolved oxygen and the set running degree.
The anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal method for urban sewage based on granular sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) inoculating activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into the denitrification reactor 2 to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS reaches 3000-4000 mg/L;
2) starting a water inlet pump to convey the urban sewage from the raw water tank to the denitrification reactor 2, and stopping the water inlet pump after 3-10min of water inflow; then starting a reflux pump to enter an anaerobic section; starting an aeration pump after anaerobic operation is carried out for 1-3 h; controlling the constant aeration quantity to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.2-0.5 mg/L; when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is increased to 1.0mg/L and the time for keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen to be more than 1.0mg/L exceeds 2min, stopping the aeration pump and entering an anoxic section; running for 1-3h in the absence of oxygen, stopping the reflux pump, and entering a precipitation section; settling for 1-5min to culture granular sludge; after the precipitation is finished, a drain valve (2.4) is opened, and the drainage ratio of the reactor is controlled to be 30-80% by controlling the drainage time; then setting a certain idle time to complete an operation cycle; the time of the whole period is 6-12 h; by regulating the reflux ratio, the ascending flow velocity of water in the reactor is maintained at 2-15m/h, and the good fluidization state of the granular sludge in the reactor is ensured.
The technical principle is as follows:
a municipal sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification device based on granular sludge combines the characteristics of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) and a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), adopts the form of the UASB reactor, operates in the operation mode of the SBR, increases water backflow to provide ascending flow velocity, and increases shearing force; meanwhile, water conservancy selective pressure is formed by shortening the settling time; in addition, the bacteria are in a starvation state by setting endogenous denitrification, so that the surface hydrophobicity of the microorganisms is increased; the formation and maintenance of the granular sludge are enhanced by combining the three measures. The denitrification technology principle of the invention is as follows: after the municipal sewage enters the denitrification reactor, firstly, anaerobic operation is carried out, and organic matters in the sewage are stored in a microorganism body in an endogenous form; then entering a low-oxygen reaction stage to generate short-cut nitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification; then entering an anoxic reaction stage to generate endogenous short-range denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification; then, precipitation and drainage are carried out, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient and deep denitrification of the sewage.
Compared with the traditional biological denitrification process, the device and the method for urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification based on granular sludge have the following advantages:
1) the formation of granular sludge increases the biomass in the reactor, shortens the settling time and improves the denitrification efficiency;
2) the technology has low oxygen demand and runs at low oxygen, thereby reducing the aeration energy consumption of the system;
3) the realization of endogenous short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification leads the total nitrogen removal rate of the system to be increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus and a method for anaerobic ammonia oxidation and autotrophic nitrogen removal of municipal sewage based on granular sludge according to the present invention.
In the figure 1, 1 is a raw water tank of municipal sewage, 2 is a denitrification reactor, and 3 is an online control device; 1.1 is a water inlet pump, 2.1 is a reflux pump, 2.2 is an aeration pump, 2.3 is a dissolved oxygen on-line sensor, 2.4 is a drain valve, 2.5 is a three-phase separator, and 2.6 is a reflux pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples: an anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal device for urban sewage based on granular sludge is provided with an urban sewage raw water tank 1, a nitrogen removal reactor 2 and an online control device 3; the urban sewage raw water tank 1 is connected with the denitrification reactor 2 through a water inlet pump 1.1, and the height-diameter ratio of the denitrification reactor 2 is 15-30; the denitrification reactor is provided with a reflux pump 2.1, an aeration pump 2.2, a dissolved oxygen on-line sensor 2.3, a drain valve 2.4, a three-phase separator 2.5 and a reflux pipe 2.6; the data of the dissolved oxygen on-line sensor 2.3 are transmitted to the on-line control device 3, which controls the aeration pump 2.2, the water inlet pump 1.1, the reflux pump 2.1 and the water discharge valve 2.4 according to the dissolved oxygen concentration and the set operation degree.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) inoculating activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into the denitrification reactor 2 to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS reaches 3000-4000 mg/L;
2) starting a water inlet pump to convey the urban sewage from the raw water tank to the denitrification reactor 2, and stopping the water inlet pump after 3-10min of water inflow; then starting a reflux pump to enter an anaerobic section; starting an aeration pump after anaerobic operation is carried out for 1-3 h; controlling the constant aeration quantity to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.2-0.5 mg/L; when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is increased to 1.0mg/L and the time for keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen to be more than 1.0mg/L exceeds 2min, stopping the aeration pump and entering an anoxic section; running for 1-3h in the absence of oxygen, stopping the reflux pump, and entering a precipitation section; settling for 1-5min to culture granular sludge; after the precipitation is finished, starting a drain valve 2.4, and controlling the drainage time to ensure that the drainage ratio of the reactor is 30-80%; then setting a certain idle time to complete an operation cycle; the time of the whole period is 6-12 h; by regulating the reflux ratio, the ascending flow velocity of water in the reactor is maintained at 2-15m/h, and the good fluidization state of the granular sludge in the reactor is ensured.
The test adopts the domestic sewage of a certain family area of Beijing as raw water, and the specific water quality is as follows: the COD concentration is 260-420 mg/L;the concentration is 50-70mg/L, the experimental system is shown in figure 1, and the denitrification reactor is made of organic glass and has an effective volume of 5L.
The specific operation is as follows:
1) inoculating activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into the denitrification reactor 2 to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS reaches 3500 mg/L;
2) starting a water inlet pump to convey the urban sewage from the raw water tank to the denitrification reactor 2, and stopping the water inlet pump after 3min of water inlet; then starting a reflux pump to enter an anaerobic section; after anaerobic operation is carried out for 2 hours, starting an aeration pump; controlling the constant aeration quantity to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.2-0.5 mg/L; when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is increased to 1.0mg/L and the time for keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen to be more than 1.0mg/L exceeds 2min, stopping the aeration pump and entering an anoxic section; running under an anoxic condition for 2 hours, stopping the reflux pump, and entering a precipitation section; settling for 5min to culture granular sludge; after the precipitation is finished, starting a drain valve 2.4, and controlling the drainage time to ensure that the drainage ratio of the reactor is 50%; then setting a certain idle time to complete an operation cycle; the time of the whole period is 12 h; by regulating and controlling the reflux ratio, the ascending flow velocity of water in the reactor is maintained at 6m/h, and the good fluidization state of granular sludge in the reactor is ensured.
Claims (1)
1. An anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal method for urban sewage based on granular sludge is provided with an urban sewage raw water tank (1), a nitrogen removal reactor (2) and an online control device (3); the urban sewage raw water tank (1) is connected with the denitrification reactor (2) through a water inlet pump (1.1), and the height-diameter ratio of the denitrification reactor (2) is 15-30; the denitrification reactor is provided with a reflux pump (2.1), an aeration pump (2.2), a dissolved oxygen on-line sensor (2.3), a drain valve (2.4), a three-phase separator (2.5) and a reflux pipe (2.6); the data of the dissolved oxygen on-line sensor (2.3) is transmitted to the on-line control device (3), and the on-line control device controls the aeration pump (2.2), the water inlet pump (1.1), the reflux pump (2.1) and the drain valve (2.4);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inoculating activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into the denitrification reactor (2) to ensure that the sludge concentration MLSS reaches 3000-4000 mg/L;
2) starting a water inlet pump to convey the urban sewage from the raw water tank to the denitrification reactor (2), and stopping the water inlet pump after 3-10min of water inflow; then starting a reflux pump to enter an anaerobic section; starting an aeration pump after anaerobic operation is carried out for 1-3 h; controlling the constant aeration quantity to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor is 0.2-0.5 mg/L; when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is increased to 1.0mg/L and the time for keeping the concentration of the dissolved oxygen to be more than 1.0mg/L exceeds 2min, stopping the aeration pump and entering an anoxic section; running for 1-3h in the absence of oxygen, stopping the reflux pump, and entering a precipitation section; settling for 1-5min to culture granular sludge; after the precipitation is finished, a drain valve (2.4) is opened, and the drainage ratio of the reactor is controlled to be 30-80% by controlling the drainage time; then idling to finish an operation cycle; the time of the whole period is 6-12 h; the rising flow velocity of water in the reactor is maintained at 2-15m/h by regulating the reflux ratio.
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CN108862587B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-07-30 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater and domestic sewage by combining continuous flow shortcut nitrification/anaerobic ammonium oxidation with DEAMOX |
CN109231448B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2024-01-30 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Device for rapidly realizing anaerobic ammonia oxidation granulation and operation method thereof |
CN109111058B (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2021-04-27 | 煤科集团杭州环保研究院有限公司 | Domestic sewage treatment system and method |
CN109879429A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-14 | 东华大学 | Based on Anammox autotrophic denitrification biological treatment of waste water system and method |
CN110606575A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-24 | 江西省科学院能源研究所 | Synchronous short-cut denitrification-partial nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation system and method for sewage |
CN111410295A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Rapid starting and stable operation method for shortcut nitrification of biochemical reaction tank |
CN112250175B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-04-22 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for realizing deep denitrification of municipal sewage by virtue of integrated shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupling with endogenous shortcut denitrification |
CN112479363A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 青岛大学 | Device and method for simultaneously treating municipal sewage and nitrate-containing wastewater |
CN115557610B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-04-26 | 北京工业大学 | Method for realizing anaerobic ammoxidation granulation and synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization by shortening precipitation time in stages |
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