CN114868756A - Mung bean mature period defoliation dehydrating agent composition and application thereof - Google Patents
Mung bean mature period defoliation dehydrating agent composition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000035613 defoliation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005630 Diquat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SYJFEGQWDCRVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N diquat Chemical compound C1=CC=[N+]2CC[N+]3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SYJFEGQWDCRVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- HFCYZXMHUIHAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thidiazuron Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)NC1=CN=NS1 HFCYZXMHUIHAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005510 Diuron Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ODPOAESBSUKMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-b:1',2'-e]pyrazine-5,8-diium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC=[N+]2CC[N+]3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 ODPOAESBSUKMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dehusking dehydrating agent composition for mung beans in a mature period and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of planting. The invention discloses a mung bean maturity-stage defoliation dehydrating agent composition which comprises 1 part of diquat water agent and 3 parts of ethephon water agent in parts by volume, wherein the concentration of the diquat water agent is 200g/L, and the mass fraction of the ethephon water agent is 40%. The invention also provides application of diquat and ethephon or the composition of the mung bean leaf-removing dehydrating agent in mung bean maturation stage leaf-removing dehydration. The dehulling and dehydrating agent composition provided by the invention is sprayed in the mung bean maturation stage, the pod maturity and the dehulling effect can be improved, and the water content of the stalks can be reduced. Experiments show that the mung bean plants have dry leaves and fall off 6 days after the application of the pesticide; after 9 days of application, the mung bean plants are all dry, most leaves fall off, the pod ripening rate reaches 100%, and the water content of the stems is reduced to 67.53%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a mung bean mature period defoliating and dehydrating agent composition and application thereof.
Background
The results mode of mung bean has been for a long time for the manual work cut down the pile-field air-dries-threshing in the sunning ground rolls, this kind of mode consumes the manpower, the breakage rate is high, if meet continuous precipitation still easily milden and rot and increase the loss, and the mung bean pod is mostly ripe in batches, plant greedy when the pod is ripe, make the mung bean be difficult to carry out machinery and gather, these have become the important restriction factor of mung bean industry scale development, the planting enthusiasm that the regional peasant family should be planted to the mung bean has greatly been influenced, consequently, current mung bean production has urgent demand to high-efficient practical mechanized harvesting technique. In the mung bean mechanical harvest test carried out in recent years, the fact that when mung beans are mature, plants are greedy, namely stems are high in water content, and winding and knotting phenomena are easily caused, so that a series of problems of low mechanical harvesting speed, serious seed breakage, poor cleaning quality and the like are caused. Therefore, in order to realize the mechanized combined harvest of the mung beans, the characteristics of the plants are required to be suitable for mechanical harvest and the field maturity is relatively consistent. The existing research shows that the chemical dehydration technology can reduce the water content of each organ of the plant and simultaneously greatly reduce the load during mechanical harvesting, thereby reducing the mechanical harvest loss and improving the economic benefit. In view of this, chemical regulation and control technology can be adopted at the later stage of the growth and development of the mung beans, namely near the mature stage, so that the stems of the mung beans are dehydrated, the bean pods are mature uniformly, the leaves are dry and fall off, and favorable conditions are created for realizing mechanical harvesting.
In the mung bean mechanical harvest test carried out in recent years, the fact that the stalks have high water content and are easy to wind and knot is found, and further, the mechanical harvesting speed is low, the seeds are seriously damaged, and the cleaning quality is poor. However, the existing defoliating and dehydrating agent has no obvious effect on reducing the water content of the green bean stalks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mung bean maturity defoliation dehydrating agent composition and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a dehusking dehydrating agent composition for mung beans in a mature period, which comprises 1 part of a diquat aqueous agent and 3 parts of a ethephon aqueous agent in parts by volume, wherein the concentration of the diquat aqueous agent is 200g/L, and the mass fraction of the ethephon aqueous agent is 40%.
The invention also provides the application of the mung bean mature-period defoliating and dehydrating agent composition in mung bean mature-period defoliating and dehydrating.
The invention also provides a method for defoliating and dehydrating mung beans in the mature period, which comprises the following steps: and spraying the mung bean plant with the defoliation dehydrating agent composition in the mung bean maturation stage.
Further, the spraying amount of the diquat water agent is 1500mL/hm 2 The spraying amount of the ethephon aqua is 4500mL/hm 2 。
Further, the mung bean maturity stage is specifically when the maturity rate of mung bean pods reaches 80%.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a dehulling and dehulling agent composition for mung beans in the mature period, which is sprayed in the mature period of mung beans, can improve the maturity and the dehulling effect of bean pods and reduce the water content of stalks. Experiments show that the mung bean plants have dry leaves and fall off 6 days after the application of the pesticide; after 9 days of application, the mung bean plants are all dry, most leaves fall off, the pod ripening rate reaches 100%, and the water content of the stems is reduced to 67.53%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is field performance of the A1 treatment group after 9d spraying;
FIG. 2 is field performance of the A2 treatment group after spraying for 9 d;
FIG. 3 is a field performance of the A3 treatment group after spraying for 9 d;
FIG. 4 is field performance of the A4 treatment group after spraying for 9 d;
fig. 5 is field performance of the a5 treated group after spraying at 9 d.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every intervening value, to the extent any stated value or intervening value in a stated range, and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 materials
The mung bean variety to be tested is DeluL 0518, the reagent is diquat (200g/L water solution, Jiangsu Ruibang agro-chemical Co., Ltd.); ethephon (40 wt% water agent, Jiangsu Anbang electrochemical Co., Ltd.); thidiazuron (98% crude drug, guosu rapan agrichemicals gmbh); 81% thidiazuron water dispersible granule (75% thidiazuron + 6% diuron, Jiangsu Ruibang agro-chemical Co., Ltd.); 80% diuron wettable powder (Shandongban agricultural technology Co., Ltd.).
1.2 test methods
1.2.1 test design
The experimental site is arranged at the experimental base of the modern agricultural science and technology park of the agricultural science and research institute in Texas. The wheat of the previous crop of the test field has flat terrain, the soil is brown soil, and the soil volume weight of 0-20 cm plough layer is 1.38g/cm 3 pH value of7.87, the salt content is 0.10 percent, the organic matter content is 12.2g/kg, the total nitrogen is 1.308g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 57.11mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 102.57 mg/kg.
The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, with 5 treatments, a 1: thidiazuron is 1500g/hm 2 + ethephon 4500mL/hm 2 (ii) a A2: aquacide 1500mL/hm 2 + ethephon 4500mL/hm 2 (ii) a A3: mixing thidiazuron and diuron at the ratio of 36:18 as effective components, and 1500g/hm 2 + ethephon 4500mL/hm 2 (ii) a A4: 81% thidiazuron water dispersible granule; a5: CK (clear water), 3 replicates. When pod maturity reaches 80%, at 10 a.m.: 00 dew is dried in the air, the pesticide is uniformly mixed, and then spray treatment is carried out on the matured DeluL 0518, and all leaves are required to be sprayed. Area of each treatment zone is 30m 2 12 lines/area, 5m of line length, 50cm of line spacing, 16.7cm of plant spacing and 12 ten thousand plants/hm of seedling density 2 . The protection row is 5m, a 1m walkway is reserved in the treatment room, and the field management of the mung beans is as conventional as the field.
1.2.2 methods of investigation
Selecting 10 plants at random in each cell before spraying for listing and marking, recording the leaf number and pod number of each plant, and investigating the leaf removal rate, pod falling rate and mature pod rate in the field after spraying the medicament for 6 days and 9 days respectively; and sampling 10 plants on other plants in the plot, shearing main stems 25-30 cm above the base part, weighing fresh mass, de-enzyming at 105 ℃ for 30min, drying at 80 ℃ to constant weight, weighing dry mass, and calculating the water content of the stems.
The water content was calculated as follows:
P＝(M1－M2)/M1
wherein: p-water content,%; m1-wet weight, g; m2-dry weight, g.
After the mung beans are harvested, 90 seeds are taken every time of treatment (30 seeds are taken every time, 3 times of treatment), and the seeds are placed in a constant-temperature incubator at 20 ℃ for germination test, so that moisture is supplemented in time, and the normal germination of the seeds is ensured. After 3d of culture, the germination vigor was investigated, and after 7d, the germination rate was investigated.
1.2.3 calculation method
(1) Defoliation rate (number of leaves per plant before spraying-number of leaves per plant at investigation)/number of leaves per plant before spraying × 100%
(2) The pod dropping rate is (number of single pod before spraying-number of single pod at investigation)/number of single pod before spraying × 100%
(3) The pod ripening rate is (number of pod per plant-number of immature pod per plant)/number of pod per plant × 100%
(4) The water content of the stalks is equal to (fresh mass of the stalks-dry mass of the stalks)/fresh mass of the stalks is multiplied by 100 percent
(5) The germination rate of the seeds is (number of germinated seeds/number of tested seeds) × 100%
1.2.4 data processing
Data sorting, calculation and tabulation are carried out by using Microsoft Excel 2007 statistical analysis software, variance analysis is carried out by using DPS7.05 statistical software, multiple comparison is carried out, a least significant difference method (LSD) is adopted, and the significance level is set to be 0.05.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 field Performance of different Agents treatment
TABLE 1 field Performance at various times after application
The mung bean plants treated by A1, A2 and A3 all have dry and fallen leaves to different degrees at 6d after application, and the leaves treated by CK and A4 are not dry and fallen. After application, plants A1 and A2 are all dried up at 9d, most of leaves are fallen off, and A2 is heavier than A1; a3 most of the leaves are withered and fall off; a4 most of the leaves are dry and only a few leaves fall off; the A5(CK) leaf is not dried and fallen off basically. From field performance, the medicament effect is A2> A1> A3> A4.
2.1 comparison of defoliation and dehydration effects of different agents
The statistics of the defoliation rate, the pod ripening rate and the stem water content of different defoliation and dehydrant agents are shown in table 2, and the statistics of the pod falling rate and the germination rate of different defoliation and dehydrant agents are shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 statistics of defoliation rate, pod maturity rate and stalk moisture content for different defoliating and dehydrating agents
TABLE 3 pod shattering and germination statistics for different defoliating and dehydrants
| Treatment of | 9d pod falling Rate (%) | 9d Germination (%) |
| A1 | 11.0 | 85.0 |
| A2 | 9.3 | 98.7 |
| A3 | 12.1 | 96.2 |
| A4 | 14.5 | 91.7 |
| A5(CK) | 3.8 | 95.0 |
As can be seen from tables 2-3, the defoliation effect of A2 is the best after spraying 9d, and the difference with other treatments is obvious; the defoliation effect of A4 is the worst, and the defoliation effect is not obvious from A5 (CK); the pod ripening rate of A2 is up to 100%, and then A1; the water content of the stems of the CK group is 73.77%, but the water contents of the stems of A1, A3 and A4 are not reduced, and only the water content of the stems of A2 is reduced to 67.53%. This shows that the agent treatments of a1, A3 and a4 can promote the withering and falling of plant leaves, but are not beneficial to the dehydration of stalks, while the agent treatment of a2 can promote the effective withering and falling of plant leaves and the dehydration of stalks, thereby being beneficial to mechanical harvesting. As can be seen from table 3, a2 has a lower pod shattering rate and a higher seed germination rate.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The mung bean maturity-stage defoliation dehydrating agent composition is characterized by comprising 1 part of diquat water agent and 3 parts of ethephon water agent in parts by volume, wherein the concentration of the diquat water agent is 200g/L, and the mass fraction of the ethephon water agent is 40%.
2. Use of the mung bean maturation stage dehulling and dehydrating agent composition according to claim 1 for dehulling and dehydrating mung beans during maturation stage.
3. A method for defoliating and dehydrating mung beans in a mature period is characterized by comprising the following steps: spraying the mung bean plant defoliating and dehydrating agent composition according to claim 1 on mung bean plants in a mung bean maturation stage.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the amount of the diquat water agent sprayed is 1500mL/hm 2 The spraying amount of the ethephon aqua is 4500mL/hm 2 。
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mung bean maturation stage is when the maturity of mung bean pods reaches 80%.
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| CN109673657A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-26 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of composite synergistic defoliation ripening agent and its application |
| CN111374141A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Pesticide composition for defoliation and ripening of cotton and application thereof |
| CN111528226A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-08-14 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton defoliation ripener and application thereof |
| CN113475519A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Mung bean defoliant composition, mung bean defoliant and preparation method and using method thereof |
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