CN114864977A - Fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Fuel cell stack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114864977A
CN114864977A CN202210574381.9A CN202210574381A CN114864977A CN 114864977 A CN114864977 A CN 114864977A CN 202210574381 A CN202210574381 A CN 202210574381A CN 114864977 A CN114864977 A CN 114864977A
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
graphite
graphite plate
gas port
current collecting
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CN202210574381.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114864977B (en
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傅云峰
付宇
梁栋
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Shanghai Jiyi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Jiyi Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210574381.9A priority Critical patent/CN114864977B/en
Priority claimed from CN202210574381.9A external-priority patent/CN114864977B/en
Publication of CN114864977A publication Critical patent/CN114864977A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell stack. A fuel cell stack comprising: the first end plate, the first insulating plate, the first current collecting plate, the gas port graphite plate, the battery stack body, the dead end graphite plate, the second current collecting plate, the second insulating plate and the second end plate are sequentially stacked; the first end plate is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are both composite plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates; the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and negative/positive drainage tabs are correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate respectively; and a conductive pad is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the air port graphite plate, and a conductive pad is arranged between the second current collecting plate and the blind end graphite plate and is used for conductive connection and elastic matching. The collector plate can be made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, so that the cost and the processing difficulty are reduced, and the beneficial effect of more accurate temperature control on the cells at the end part of the pile is achieved.

Description

Fuel cell stack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack.
Background
A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and a stack structure is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell stack structure and mainly comprises front and rear end plates, front and rear insulating plates, positive and negative collecting plates and a cell stack body. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, cell cathode and anode gases flow and are stored in respective chambers enclosed by end plates, insulating plates, current collecting plates, and cell stacks.
In the operation of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the cathode and anode gases are corrosive to the end plate, the insulating plate, the current collector, and the cell stack, and therefore, the portions of the end plate, the insulating plate, the current collector, and the cell stack that contact the cathode and anode gases need to be chemically inert. Generally, for a metal bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a battery stack bipolar plate is processed by adopting corrosion-resistant metal or metal subjected to corrosion-resistant coating, and a collector plate is processed by adopting high-conductivity red copper plated noble metal, so that the problems of high processing price and serious pollution exist. In addition, in the stack structure of the conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the stack collector plate is in contact with the bipolar plate and the insulating plate of the stack end cell, the end cell generates heat during power generation, and the temperature of the cell at the end of the stack and the temperature of the cell at the inner side of the stack are different during power generation of the stack or cold start of the stack, so that performance difference is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell stack, which aims to solve the problems of high processing price and serious pollution of the fuel cell stack and the problem of poor temperature control performance of cells at the end part of the stack.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell stack including: the first end plate, the first insulating plate, the first current collecting plate, the gas port graphite plate, the battery stack body, the dead end graphite plate, the second current collecting plate, the second insulating plate and the second end plate are sequentially stacked;
the first end plate is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are both combined plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates;
the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and negative/positive current guiding lugs are correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate respectively;
and a conductive pad is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the gas port graphite plate, and a conductive pad is arranged between the second current collecting plate and the blind end graphite plate and is used for conductive connection and elastic matching.
Optionally, the gas port graphite plates include a first gas port graphite plate and a second gas port graphite plate;
the manifolds of the first air port graphite plate are respectively processed into hollow boss structures; the hollow hole of the boss corresponds to the battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacked body;
a collector plate manifold is arranged at a position corresponding to the first collector plate; the outer diameter of the manifold of the first air port graphite plate is smaller than that of the manifold of the current collecting plate, and the manifolds of the first air port graphite plate are respectively embedded into the manifold of the current collecting plate.
Optionally, the gas port graphite plates include a first gas port graphite plate and a second gas port graphite plate;
the manifold of the first air port graphite plate and the first air port graphite plate are processed into an integrated hollow boss, and a hollow hole of the boss corresponds to a battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacked body;
sealing grooves are respectively processed on the periphery of the boss hole, a plurality of positioning grooves are processed on the inner side of the boss, and positioning terminals are arranged at positions corresponding to the first current collecting plate; the first current collecting plate is embedded into the first air port graphite, and the positioning terminal of the first current collecting plate is positioned in the positioning groove of the first air port graphite.
Optionally, the manifold of the first port graphite plate comprises a graphite port manifold and a graphite cooling cavity manifold; the graphite cooling cavity manifold is disposed between the two graphite gas port manifolds.
Optionally, the method further includes: gas port graphite plate manifold seal ring;
the gas port graphite plate manifold sealing ring is arranged between the first insulating plate and the first gas port graphite plate;
manifold sealing grooves are formed in the manifold of the first air port graphite plate, the manifold sealing grooves are matched with the air port graphite plate manifold sealing rings, and the first air port graphite plate and the first insulating plate form a sealing pair.
Optionally, the method further includes: the first end plate manifold sealing ring is arranged on one side, far away from the first insulating plate, of the first end plate;
the first insulating plate comprises an insulating plate manifold, the first end plate comprises an end plate manifold, and the insulating plate manifold, the end plate manifold and the first end plate manifold sealing ring form a sealing pair.
Optionally, a cooling cavity flow field is processed on the back side of the manifold of the first air port graphite plate; one side of the second gas port graphite plate, which is close to the first gas port graphite plate, is a cooling cavity flow field, and one side of the second gas port graphite plate, which is far away from the first gas port graphite plate, is a plane and forms a sealing pair with the battery stacking body.
Optionally, the blind end graphite plates include a first blind end graphite plate and a second blind end graphite plate;
the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate are both provided with cooling cavity flow fields near the sides, and the first blind end graphite plate comprises a cooling cavity manifold used for introducing coolant to flow into a cooling cavity; the second dead end graphite plate comprises a cooling cavity groove, and the depth of the cooling cavity groove is the same as that of the cooling cavity flow field.
Optionally, the method further includes: a cooling cavity sealing ring;
the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate are both provided with corresponding cooling cavity sealing grooves, the cooling cavity sealing ring is arranged between the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate, the cooling cavity sealing groove is matched with the cooling cavity sealing ring, and the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate form a sealing pair;
the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate are provided with corresponding cooling cavity sealing grooves, the cooling cavity sealing rings are arranged between the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate, the cooling cavity sealing grooves are matched with the cooling cavity sealing rings, and the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate form a sealing pair.
Optionally, the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate, and the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate are laminated by using an overlapping method or bonding or an elastic sealing gasket.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is that the fuel cell stack comprises: the first end plate, the first insulating plate, the first current collecting plate, the gas port graphite plate, the battery stack body, the dead end graphite plate, the second current collecting plate, the second insulating plate and the second end plate are sequentially stacked; the first end plate is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are both composite plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates; the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and negative/positive drainage tabs are correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate respectively; and a conductive pad is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the air port graphite plate, and a conductive pad is arranged between the second current collecting plate and the blind end graphite plate and is used for conductive connection and elastic matching. The problem of the collector plate need adopt noble metal processing, have that the processing price is expensive and pollute seriously to and there is the difference in pile tip battery temperature and the inboard battery temperature of pile, produce the performance difference is solved, got the collector plate and can adopt non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conducting material, reduce cost and processing degree of difficulty, and to the more accurate beneficial effect of pile tip battery temperature control.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas port cell end configuration of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas port cell end configuration of another fuel cell stack provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dead-end cell of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example one
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of another fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1A, a fuel cell stack includes: the battery comprises a first end plate 1, a first insulating plate 2, a first current collecting plate 3, a gas port graphite plate 4, a battery stack body 5, a dead end graphite plate 6, a second current collecting plate 7, a second insulating plate 8 and a second end plate 9 which are sequentially stacked;
the first end plate 1 is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate 9 is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate 4 and the dead end graphite plate 6 are both composite plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates;
the first current collecting plate 3 and the second current collecting plate 7 are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and the first current collecting plate 3 and the second current collecting plate 7 are respectively and correspondingly provided with negative/positive drainage lugs (31 and 71);
and a conductive pad 10 is arranged between the first current collecting plate 3 and the air port graphite plate 4, and a conductive pad 10 is arranged between the second current collecting plate 7 and the blind end graphite plate 6 for conductive connection and elastic matching.
The fuel cell stack provided by the embodiment is a classical stack structure with one end being air inlet and the other end being a blind end, and is characterized in that a first end plate 1, a first insulation plate 2, a first current collecting plate 3, a gas port graphite plate 4, a cell stack body 5, a blind end graphite plate 6, a second current collecting plate 7, a second insulation plate 8 and a second end plate 9 are sequentially stacked and arranged in the direction from the first end plate 1 to the second end plate 9, and are tightly fastened and fastened by screws after being compressed by the first end plate 1 and the second end plate 9, and the end plates mainly function in controlling contact pressure. The first insulating plate 2 and the second insulating plate 8 serve to electrically isolate the current collecting plate from the end plate.
The first end plate 1 is provided with an air inlet, the second end plate 9 is a blind end, fuel gas enters a fuel cell stack from the first end plate 1 to react, the cell stack 5 is a place where electrochemical reaction occurs, when the cell stack 5 works, hydrogen and oxygen are respectively distributed to a bipolar plate of each single cell through a gas main channel of the cell stack 5, are uniformly distributed to an electrode through flow guidance of the bipolar plate, and are contacted with a catalyst through an electrode support body to perform electrochemical reaction. The gas port graphite plate 4 and the dead end graphite plate 6 are formed by superposing two graphite plates, a cooling cavity flow field is processed on one surface of each graphite plate, and the two graphite plates form a sealing pair to form a combined plate containing the cooling cavity, so that the temperature of a fuel cell stack is reduced when the fuel cell stack generates electricity. The collector plates are key parts for transmitting the electric energy of the fuel cell to an external load, and are metal plates made of metal materials with high conductivity, the first collector plate 3 is provided with a negative flow guide lug 31, and the second collector plate 7 is correspondingly provided with a positive flow guide lug 73. A conductive pad 10 is arranged between the first current collecting plate 3 and the air-vent graphite plate 4, a conductive pad 10 is arranged between the second current collecting plate 7 and the blind-end graphite plate 6, the conductive pad 10 can be flexible graphite paper or carbon fiber paper or felt or metal net or foil, the conductive pad 10 is used for electrically connecting the first current collecting plate 3 and the air-vent graphite plate 4, the second current collecting plate 7 and the blind-end graphite plate 6 on one hand, and is used for elastic matching during assembly on the other hand. In the fuel cell stack structure provided by the embodiment, the current collecting plate is not directly contacted with the cell stack body, and conducts electricity with the cell stack body through the graphite plate, the current collecting plate only plays a role in conducting current, and is not contacted with a cell chemical reactant and a chemical product, so that a chemical reaction is not generated, the current collecting plate is not required to be subjected to chemical inert treatment for plating a precious metal coating, the processing cost of the current collecting plate and the fuel cell stack is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
In the prior art, the collector plate is in contact with the bipolar plate and the insulator plate of the stack, the bipolar plate will generate heat when generating electricity, while the collector plate is in direct contact with the end cell bipolar plate to generate contact resistance, and the passage of large current will generate joule heat.
In the fuel cell stack structure provided by this embodiment, because the current collecting plate is not in contact with the bipolar plate and the insulating plate of the cell stack, but the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are in direct contact with the bipolar plate of the cell stack, and the graphite plate contains a cooling cavity, the cooling effect in the power generation process of the bipolar plate can be optimized, the cell temperature can be reduced, and the thermal distribution between the current collecting plate and the interior of the fuel cell stack can be maintained; and the gas port graphite plate and the blind end graphite plate are contacted with the current collecting plate through the conducting pads, the resistivity of the conducting pads is selectable, and when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the temperature of the end cell of the fuel cell stack can be adjusted through the heating of the conducting pads, so that the performance stability of the fuel cell is maintained.
As shown in fig. 1B and 2, the gas port graphite plates 4 optionally comprise a first gas port graphite plate 41 and a second gas port graphite plate 42;
the manifolds of the first port graphite plate 41 are respectively processed into hollow boss structures; the hollow hole of the boss corresponds to the battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacked body 5;
collecting plate manifolds (301, 302, 303) are arranged at the positions corresponding to the first collecting plates 3; the manifolds (411, 412, 413) of the first port graphite plate 41 have an outer diameter smaller than that of the collector plate manifolds (301, 302, 303), and the manifolds (411, 412, 413) of the first port graphite plate 41 are respectively fitted into the collector plate manifolds (301, 302, 303).
In the structure of the fuel cell stack, a first air port graphite plate 41 and a first current collecting plate 3 are oppositely arranged and have the same size, manifolds of the first air port graphite plate 41 are respectively processed into hollow boss structures, the inlet and outlet parts of the manifolds are bosses, and hollow holes of the bosses correspond to a cell fluid inlet and outlet of a cell stack body; and collecting plate manifolds are arranged at the corresponding positions of the first collecting plates 3, the manifolds of the first gas port graphite plates 41 respectively protrude out of the planes of the first gas port graphite plates 41, the height of the manifolds is equal to or lower than the thickness of the first collecting plates 3, the outer diameters of the manifolds of the first gas port graphite plates 41 are smaller than those of the collecting plate manifolds, the manifolds of the first gas port graphite plates 41 are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the collecting plate manifolds, and the rest parts of the first gas port graphite plates 41 except the manifolds are planes.
As shown in figures 3 and 4, the gas port graphite plates 4 optionally comprise a first gas port graphite plate 41 and a second gas port graphite plate 42;
the manifolds (411, 412, 413) of the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the first gas port graphite plate 41 are processed into an integrated hollow boss, and the hollow hole of the boss corresponds to the battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacked body;
sealing grooves (not shown) are respectively machined at the peripheries of the boss holes, a plurality of positioning grooves 414 are machined on the inner sides of the bosses, and positioning terminals 32 are arranged at positions corresponding to the first current collecting plates 3; the first current collecting plate 3 is fitted into the first gas port graphite 41, and the positioning terminal 32 of the first current collecting plate 3 is positioned in the positioning groove 414 of the first gas port graphite 41.
In the structure of the fuel cell stack, a first gas port graphite plate 41 and a first current collecting plate 3 are oppositely arranged, the first current collecting plate 3 is smaller than the first gas port graphite plate 41, a manifold of the first gas port graphite plate 41 and other parts are processed into an integrated hollow boss, the inlet and outlet parts of the manifold (411, 412 and 413) are bosses, protrude out of the plane of the graphite plate, and the height of the bosses is equal to or lower than the thickness of the first current collecting plate 3; a plurality of positioning grooves 414 are processed on the inner side of the boss, for example, 2-3 positioning grooves are provided, correspondingly, the positioning terminals 32 are arranged at the opposite positions of the first current collecting plate, when the first current collecting plate 3 is assembled, the positioning terminals 21 are positioned in the positioning grooves 414 and are matched to ensure that the current collecting plate is accurately embedded into the first air port graphite plate.
Optionally, the manifolds of the first port graphite plate 41 include graphite port manifolds (411 and 413) and graphite cooling chamber manifold 412; graphite cooling chamber manifold 412 is disposed between two graphite gas port manifolds (411 and 413).
In both configurations shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first port graphite plate includes three manifolds, including two graphite port manifolds and one graphite cooling chamber manifold, and the fuel cell stack introduces fuel gas through the graphite port manifolds (411 and 413) and coolant through the graphite cooling chamber manifold 412. In the configuration shown in fig. 2, the first collector plate 3 comprises three collector plate manifolds, two collector plate gas port manifolds (301 and 303) and one collector plate cooling cavity manifold 302, corresponding to the gas port graphite plate manifolds, respectively. In the structure shown in fig. 4, the first current collecting plate 3 is fitted into the first port graphite plate 41, and no manifold is provided on the first current collecting plate 3.
Optionally, the method further includes: gas port graphite plate manifold seal ring 11;
the port graphite plate manifold seal ring 11 is arranged between the first insulating plate 2 and the first port graphite plate 41;
a manifold sealing groove (not shown) is arranged at the manifold of the first gas port graphite plate 41, the manifold sealing groove is matched with the gas port graphite plate manifold sealing ring 11, and the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the first insulating plate 2 form a sealing pair.
Optionally, the method further includes: a first end plate manifold sealing ring 12, wherein the first end plate manifold sealing ring 12 is arranged on one side of the first end plate 1 far away from the first insulating plate 2;
the first insulating plate 2 contains an insulating plate manifold (not shown), and the first end plate 1 includes an end plate manifold 101, and the insulating plate manifold, the end plate manifold 101, and the first end plate manifold seal ring 12 constitute a seal pair.
The sealing ring is mainly used for ensuring that gas and liquid in the galvanic pile flow normally and safely. The first gas port graphite plate 41 and the first insulating plate 2 form a sealing pair requiring a sealing ring and a sealing groove to be matched, a gas port graphite plate manifold sealing ring 11 is arranged between the first insulating plate 2 and the first gas port graphite plate 41, and in the structure shown in fig. 2, a manifold sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of a manifold of the first gas port graphite plate 41. In the structure shown in fig. 4, seal grooves are respectively formed in the peripheries of the boss holes of the first port graphite plates 41, and the manifold of the first port graphite plates, the manifold seal ring, and the first insulating plate form a seal pair through the port graphite plate manifold seal ring 11.
The insulating plate manifold of the first insulating plate 2 and the end plate manifold 101 of the first end plate 1 form a sealing pair, and in one embodiment, since the insulating plate and the end plate are made of insulating materials, the same insulating material can be integrally processed into a composite plate, so that the processing cost and time are saved.
As shown in fig. 1B and 3, optionally, the manifold back side of the first ported graphite plate 41 is machined with a cooling cavity flow field (not shown); the side of the second port graphite 42 plate close to the first port graphite plate 41 is a cooling chamber flow field 421, and the side far from the first port graphite plate 41 is a plane and forms a sealing pair with the cell stack 5.
As shown in fig. 5, the blind end graphite sheet 6 may alternatively comprise a first blind end graphite sheet 61 and a second blind end graphite sheet 62;
the cooling cavity flow field 621 is machined on the side close to the first blind end graphite plate 61 and the second blind end graphite plate 62, and the first blind end graphite plate 61 comprises a cooling cavity manifold 610 for introducing coolant to flow into the cooling cavity; the second blind end graphite plate 62 includes a cooling cavity groove 622, the depth of the cooling cavity groove 622 being the same as the depth of the cooling cavity flow field 621.
In both configurations shown in fig. 1B and 3, the cooling chambers are identical in structure, namely, the cooling chamber sealed between the first port graphite plate 41 and the second port graphite plate 42, and the cooling chamber sealed between the first blind end graphite plate 61 and the second blind end graphite plate 62.
An air cavity sealing groove (not shown) is arranged on the non-cooling cavity flow field side of the second air port graphite plate 42, an air cavity sealing ring 13 is arranged on one side, close to the second air port graphite plate 42, of the battery stack body 5, the air cavity sealing groove is matched with the air cavity sealing ring 13, and the second air port graphite plate 42 and the battery stack body 5 form a sealing pair.
The first dead end graphite plate 61 and the cell stack 5 form a sealing pair, the coolant flows in from the cooling cavity manifold 610, the depth of the cooling cavity groove 622 is the same as that of the cooling cavity flow field 621, and uniform flow of the coolant in the cooling cavity flow field 621 is guaranteed.
Optionally, the method further includes: a cooling chamber seal ring 14;
the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the second gas port graphite plate 42 are both provided with corresponding cooling cavity sealing grooves (not shown), the cooling cavity sealing ring 14 is arranged between the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the second gas port graphite plate 42, the cooling cavity sealing grooves are matched with the cooling cavity sealing ring 14, and the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the second gas port graphite plate 42 form a sealing pair;
first blind end graphite plate 61 and second blind end graphite plate 62 all set up corresponding cooling chamber seal groove (not shown), and cooling chamber sealing washer 14 sets up between first blind end graphite plate 61 and second blind end graphite plate 62, and cooling chamber seal groove and cooling chamber sealing washer 14 cooperate, and first blind end graphite plate 61 and second blind end graphite plate 62 form sealed vice.
Optionally, the first gas port graphite plate 41 and the second gas port graphite plate 42, and the first blind end graphite plate 61 and the second blind end graphite plate 62 are laminated by an overlapping method or bonding or elastic sealing gaskets.
Set up cooling chamber seal groove on the graphite cake, set up cooling chamber sealing washer between two graphite cakes, mutually support, form sealed vice, form the cooling chamber between two graphite cakes, the coolant flows and preserves in confined cooling chamber.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell stack, including: the first end plate, the first insulating plate, the first current collecting plate, the gas port graphite plate, the battery stack body, the dead end graphite plate, the second current collecting plate, the second insulating plate and the second end plate are sequentially stacked; the first end plate is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are both composite plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates; the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and negative/positive drainage tabs are correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate respectively; and a conductive pad is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the air port graphite plate, and a conductive pad is arranged between the second current collecting plate and the blind end graphite plate and is used for conductive connection and elastic matching. The collector plate is not contacted with the bipolar plate and the insulating plate of the battery stack body, the collector plate only plays a role in conducting current, is not contacted with a chemical reactant and a product of the battery, cannot generate a corrosion phenomenon, does not need to carry out chemical inert treatment for plating a noble metal coating on the collector plate, reduces the processing cost of the collector plate and the fuel battery stack, and reduces the environmental pollution. And the current collecting plate is contacted with the graphite plate through the conducting pad, the graphite plate is contacted with the battery stack body, and the graphite plate is internally provided with a cooling cavity, so that the cooling effect in the power generation process of the bipolar plate can be optimized, the resistivity of the conducting pad can be selected, the temperature of the end battery can be better adjusted, and the performance stability of the fuel battery can be kept. The problem of the collector plate need adopt noble metal processing, have that the processing price is expensive and pollute seriously to and there is the difference in pile tip battery temperature and the inboard battery temperature of pile, produce the performance difference is solved, got the collector plate and can adopt non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conducting material, reduce cost and processing degree of difficulty, and to the more accurate beneficial effect of pile tip battery temperature control.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell stack, comprising: the first end plate, the first insulating plate, the first current collecting plate, the gas port graphite plate, the battery stack body, the dead end graphite plate, the second current collecting plate, the second insulating plate and the second end plate are sequentially stacked;
the first end plate is provided with an air inlet, and the second end plate is a blind end; the gas port graphite plate and the dead end graphite plate are both combined plates containing cooling cavities and are overlapped by two graphite plates;
the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are made of non-noble metal or non-noble metal coating conductive materials, and negative/positive current guiding lugs are correspondingly arranged on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate respectively;
and a conductive pad is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the gas port graphite plate, and a conductive pad is arranged between the second current collecting plate and the blind end graphite plate and is used for conductive connection and elastic matching.
2. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the gas port graphite plates comprise a first gas port graphite plate and a second gas port graphite plate;
the manifolds of the first air port graphite plate are respectively processed into hollow boss structures; the hollow hole of the boss corresponds to the battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacked body;
a collector plate manifold is arranged at a position corresponding to the first collector plate; the outer diameter of the manifold of the first air port graphite plate is smaller than that of the manifold of the current collecting plate, and the manifolds of the first air port graphite plate are respectively embedded into the manifold of the current collecting plate.
3. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the gas port graphite plates comprise a first gas port graphite plate and a second gas port graphite plate;
the manifold of the first air port graphite plate and the first air port graphite plate are processed into an integrated hollow boss, and a hollow hole of the boss corresponds to a battery fluid inlet and outlet of the battery stacking body;
sealing grooves are respectively processed on the periphery of the boss hole, a plurality of positioning grooves are processed on the inner side of the boss, and positioning terminals are arranged at positions corresponding to the first current collecting plate; the first current collecting plate is embedded into the first air port graphite, and the positioning terminal of the first current collecting plate is positioned in the positioning groove of the first air port graphite.
4. A fuel cell stack according to claim 2 or 3 wherein the manifolds of the first port graphite plates comprise graphite gas port manifolds and graphite cooling chamber manifolds; the graphite cooling cavity manifold is disposed between the two graphite gas port manifolds.
5. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by further comprising: gas port graphite plate manifold seal ring;
the gas port graphite plate manifold sealing ring is arranged between the first insulating plate and the first gas port graphite plate;
manifold sealing grooves are formed in the manifold of the first air port graphite plate, the manifold sealing grooves are matched with the air port graphite plate manifold sealing rings, and the first air port graphite plate and the first insulating plate form a sealing pair.
6. The fuel cell stack of claim 5, further comprising: the first end plate manifold sealing ring is arranged on one side, far away from the first insulating plate, of the first end plate;
the first insulating plate comprises an insulating plate manifold, the first end plate comprises an end plate manifold, and the insulating plate manifold, the end plate manifold and the first end plate manifold sealing ring form a sealing pair.
7. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a manifold back side of the first port graphite plate is processed with a cooling cavity flow field; one side of the second gas port graphite plate, which is close to the first gas port graphite plate, is a cooling cavity flow field, and one side of the second gas port graphite plate, which is far away from the first gas port graphite plate, is a plane and forms a sealing pair with the battery stacking body.
8. A fuel cell stack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the blind end graphite plates comprise a first blind end graphite plate and a second blind end graphite plate;
the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate are both provided with cooling cavity flow fields near the sides, and the first blind end graphite plate comprises a cooling cavity manifold used for introducing coolant to flow into a cooling cavity; the second dead end graphite plate comprises a cooling cavity groove, and the depth of the cooling cavity groove is the same as that of the cooling cavity flow field.
9. The fuel cell stack of claim 8, further comprising: a cooling cavity sealing ring;
the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate are both provided with corresponding cooling cavity sealing grooves, the cooling cavity sealing ring is arranged between the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate, the cooling cavity sealing groove is matched with the cooling cavity sealing ring, and the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate form a sealing pair;
the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate are provided with corresponding cooling cavity sealing grooves, the cooling cavity sealing rings are arranged between the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate, the cooling cavity sealing grooves are matched with the cooling cavity sealing rings, and the first blind end graphite plate and the second blind end graphite plate form a sealing pair.
10. The fuel cell stack of claim 9 wherein the first gas port graphite plate and the second gas port graphite plate, and the first dead end graphite plate and the second dead end graphite plate are laminated together by lamination or bonding or by elastic gaskets.
CN202210574381.9A 2022-05-24 Fuel cell stack Active CN114864977B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111900430A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-06 上海骥翀氢能科技有限公司 Insulation board and galvanic pile
CN111952652A (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 北京中氢绿能科技有限公司 Air cooling fuel cell with elasticity and thermal-insulated end plate mechanism
CN112993312A (en) * 2019-12-14 2021-06-18 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High-temperature methanol fuel cell stack with spaced cooling cavities
CN214956972U (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-11-30 同济大学 Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111952652A (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 北京中氢绿能科技有限公司 Air cooling fuel cell with elasticity and thermal-insulated end plate mechanism
CN112993312A (en) * 2019-12-14 2021-06-18 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High-temperature methanol fuel cell stack with spaced cooling cavities
CN111900430A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-06 上海骥翀氢能科技有限公司 Insulation board and galvanic pile
CN214956972U (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-11-30 同济大学 Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack

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