CN114862280A

CN114862280A - Block chain-based carbon emission data processing method and device

Info

Publication number: CN114862280A
Application number: CN202210780712.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田启明; 李梦南; 李怀瑞; 龚琼琼; 陈晨
Original assignee: Beijing Yingshi Ruida Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Yingshi Ruida Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-05
Filing date: 2022-07-05
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-05
Also published as: CN114862280B

Abstract

The application discloses a block chain-based carbon emission data processing method and device, and relates to the technical field of data processing. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: performing quality audit on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise; after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and informing the carbon emission enterprise and a competent department of the carbon emission enterprise of linking viewing information. The problem of relatively poor authenticity of enterprise carbon emission data in the correlation technique is solved.

Description

Block chain-based carbon emission data processing method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a block chain-based carbon emission data processing method and device.

Background

As the basis of the carbon market, the accuracy of carbon check data directly influences the formulation of emission reduction measures, meanwhile, the quality of carbon emission data is the life line of the carbon trading market, the stable operation of the carbon trading market can be ensured only by real and accurate carbon emission data, the carbon trading mechanism can play a role in emission reduction, and the carbon trading mechanism becomes a powerful tool for carbon emission reduction.

At present, the main process of enterprise carbon emission accounting data and carbon emission checking reports is that enterprises record data required for accounting according to relevant industry guidelines, compile enterprise carbon emission reports, submit the reports to relevant departments, and check the quality of the enterprise carbon emission reports by a designated and delegated third-party checking organization, so as to ensure the quality of the enterprise carbon emission reports. However, the fictitious cases of carbon emission data are discovered in succession, and besides the fictitious problems of data of enterprises, the fictitious data of detection institutions and third-party verification institutions are also included, so that the quality supervision of the carbon emission data becomes the work focus of carbon emission reduction at present.

It can be seen that, only rely on the manual work of checking the mechanism to carry out the quality of enterprise carbon number data and confirm, not only consume manpower and materials, still can receive the influence of inspection personnel professional degree, degree of responsibility, to the not compliant, numerous and diverse, chaotic condition of enterprise data preparation, data comparison and check are more difficult.

In summary, the quality control of carbon emission data currently performed by third-party verification institutions and enterprises mainly has the following defects: 1) manpower and material resources are consumed, more and more enterprises need to perform supervision and verification on the carbon emission data quality along with the expansion of the carbon trading market coverage industry, the data quality is confirmed only by a third-party checking mechanism after the enterprise submits a checking report, and a lot of checking personnel spend more time to finish checking, so that the clearing and paying work of the carbon emission right is influenced; 2) the method has the advantages that scientific and technological support is lacked, the behavior of combining fictitious data by enterprises and third-party checking mechanisms is difficult to avoid, data verification and source tracing are difficult, and the method is a prominent problem of carbon emission quality supervision; 3) only depending on large-scale manual checking, the method can be influenced by the professional and responsible degree of checking personnel, and the credibility of the checking result needs to be improved.

In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a block chain-based carbon emission data processing method and device, and aims to at least solve the problem that the authenticity of enterprise carbon emission data in the related technology is poor.

According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a method for processing carbon emission data based on a blockchain, including: quality audit is carried out on carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprises by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is obtained by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprises; after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and informing the carbon emission enterprises and the competent departments of the carbon emission enterprises to link the viewing information.

Optionally, the quality audit of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise is performed by using an intelligent contract algorithm, including: performing data quality verification on the carbon emission data; carrying out boundary integrity accounting and accuracy verification on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise; and (5) carrying out carbon emission result verification on the carbon emission enterprises.

Optionally, performing data quality validation on the carbon emission data comprises: processing raw carbon emission data, wherein the processing comprises standardization processing and normalization processing; respectively verifying the processed carbon emission data, wherein the verification comprises continuity verification, same type data comparison verification, industry big data verification and enterprise historical data verification; wherein, in case the carbon emission data passes all the above verifications, the subsequent flow is executed; and under the condition that the carbon emission data does not pass at least one item of verification, performing problem troubleshooting, correcting the data and verifying the problem description if the problem exists, and verifying the abnormal reason of the data if the problem does not exist.

Optionally, the carbon emission result verification is performed on the carbon emission enterprise, and includes: determining the carbon emission amount of a carbon emission enterprise according to an accounting scheme issued by a national governing department; comparing the carbon emission amount of the carbon emission enterprise with data in an enterprise carbon emission report of the carbon emission enterprise; and judging whether the results of the enterprise carbon emission reports are abnormal or not by comparing the results with a set abnormal recognition threshold value.

Optionally, after the distributed blockchain node within the carbon emission enterprise acquires the carbon emission data, the method further comprises: the method comprises the steps of adopting a data structure of a binary tree to construct a block, storing a root node in the binary tree in a block head of the block, wherein the root node is used for storing version information of carbon emission data, storing leaf nodes in the binary tree and child nodes in the binary tree in the block body of the block, the leaf nodes in the binary tree are used for storing the carbon emission data, the child nodes in the binary tree are used for storing hash values of data on the respective child nodes, wherein a time stamp and the hash value of a previous block are also stored in the block head, and each block is used for storing data acquired by a link point of the same distributed block.

Optionally, before the distributed blockchain nodes within the carbon emission enterprise obtain carbon emission data, the method further comprises deploying the distributed blockchain nodes as follows: deploying distributed block chain nodes at an automatic recording end of a carbon emission enterprise so as to link up carbon emission data acquired by the automatic recording end through the deployed distributed block chain nodes; and/or deploying distributed block chain nodes at a manual recording end of a carbon emission enterprise to chain the carbon emission data and evidence storing data recorded at the manual recording end through the deployed distributed block chain nodes, wherein the evidence storing data is used for proving authenticity of the carbon emission data recorded manually.

Optionally, before performing the quality audit on the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise using the intelligent contract algorithm, the method further comprises: checking enterprise carbon emission accounting boundaries and gas of the carbon emission enterprises to obtain enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprises; determining a layout scheme of distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise according to enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprise and a corresponding data acquisition mode; determining a construction scheme and an encryption design scheme of a block chain data layer in a carbon emission enterprise, wherein the construction scheme and the encryption design scheme of the block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise comprise a block structure and a data structure design, and the encryption design scheme comprises asymmetric encryption and a digital signature; constructing a network layer for controlling the quality of the carbon data in the distributed block chain through a P2P network to form a distributed ledger of the carbon emission data; and establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the governing departments.

Optionally, after linking the carbon emissions data using the intelligent contract algorithm, the method further comprises: and carrying out comprehensive credit scoring on the quality result of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a block chain-based carbon emission data processing apparatus, including: the auditing unit is used for performing quality auditing on carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise; and the uplink unit is used for linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, and informing the carbon emission enterprises and the administrative departments of the carbon emission enterprises of uplink viewing information.

Optionally, the auditing unit is further configured to: performing data quality verification on the carbon emission data; carrying out boundary integrity accounting and accuracy verification on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise; and (5) carrying out carbon emission result verification on the carbon emission enterprises.

Optionally, the auditing unit is further configured to: processing raw carbon emission data, wherein the processing comprises standardization processing and normalization processing; respectively verifying the processed carbon emission data, wherein the verification comprises continuity verification, same type data comparison verification, industry big data verification and enterprise historical data verification; wherein, in case the carbon emission data passes all the above verifications, the subsequent flow is executed; and under the condition that the carbon emission data does not pass at least one item of verification, performing problem troubleshooting, correcting the data and verifying the problem description if the problem exists, and verifying the abnormal reason of the data if the problem does not exist.

Optionally, the auditing unit is further configured to: determining the carbon emission amount of a carbon emission enterprise according to an accounting scheme issued by a national governing department; comparing the carbon emission amount of the carbon emission enterprise with data in an enterprise carbon emission report of the carbon emission enterprise; and judging whether the results of the enterprise carbon emission reports are abnormal or not by comparing the results with a set abnormal recognition threshold value.

Optionally, the uplink unit is further configured to: the method comprises the steps of adopting a data structure of a binary tree to construct a block, storing a root node in the binary tree in a block head of the block, wherein the root node is used for storing version information of carbon emission data, storing leaf nodes in the binary tree and child nodes in the binary tree in the block body of the block, the leaf nodes in the binary tree are used for storing the carbon emission data, the child nodes in the binary tree are used for storing hash values of data on the respective child nodes, wherein a time stamp and the hash value of a previous block are also stored in the block head, and each block is used for storing data acquired by a link point of the same distributed block.

Optionally, the apparatus of the present application may further comprise a preprocessing unit configured to: the distributed blockchain nodes are deployed as follows: deploying distributed block chain nodes at an automatic recording end of a carbon emission enterprise so as to link up carbon emission data acquired by the automatic recording end through the deployed distributed block chain nodes; and/or deploying distributed block chain nodes at a manual recording end of a carbon emission enterprise to chain the carbon emission data and evidence storing data recorded at the manual recording end through the deployed distributed block chain nodes, wherein the evidence storing data is used for proving authenticity of the carbon emission data recorded manually.

Optionally, the preprocessing unit is further configured to: checking enterprise carbon emission accounting boundaries and gas of the carbon emission enterprises to obtain enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprises; determining a layout scheme of distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise according to enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprise and a corresponding data acquisition mode; determining a construction scheme and an encryption design scheme of a block chain data layer in a carbon emission enterprise, wherein the construction scheme and the encryption design scheme of the block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise comprise block structures and data structure designs, and the encryption design scheme comprises asymmetric encryption and digital signatures; constructing a network layer for controlling the quality of the carbon data in the distributed block chain through a P2P network to form a distributed ledger of the carbon emission data; and establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the governing departments.

Optionally, the apparatus of the present application may further comprise a scoring unit for: after linking the carbon emission data using the intelligent contract algorithm, a composite credit score is performed on the quality results of the carbon emission data for the carbon emission enterprise.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a storage medium including a stored program which, when executed, performs the above-described method.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the above method through the computer program.

According to an aspect of the application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, comprising computer instructions, the computer instructions being stored in a computer readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to cause the computer device to perform the steps of any of the embodiments of the method described above.

For the quality control of carbon emission data, no relevant research is available, and considering the problems of the difficulty of the quality of the carbon emission data (data fiction, difficult inspection, easy tampering and the like) and the advantages of a block chain (difficult tampering, data traceability, distributed ledger, decentralization and the like), the quality control of the carbon emission data of an enterprise by combining the block chain is a trend.

By the scheme, the blockchain technology can be transferred to a carbon transaction application scene, the block chain technology can be used for greatly ensuring the authenticity of uplink data, the more nodes and distributed accounts are, the higher the data tampering difficulty is, the retrospective inspection can be carried out on the operation flow of the data, and the effective means for data credit increase can be realized; in addition, the quality of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise is checked by using the intelligent contract algorithm, and after the carbon emission data pass the quality check, the carbon emission data is linked up by using the intelligent contract algorithm, so that the authenticity and the reliability of the linked-up data are further improved while the labor cost of quality control of the carbon number data of the enterprise is reduced, and the technical problem of poor authenticity of the carbon emission data of the enterprise in the related technology can be solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an alternative blockchain-based carbon emissions data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an alternative blockchain-based carbon emissions data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alternative block structure design according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an alternative data quality validation according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alternative audit boundary integrity and accuracy verification according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an alternative carbon emissions result validation according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of an alternative blockchain-based carbon emissions data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an alternative data block according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an alternative binary tree according to an embodiment of the present application; and the number of the first and second groups,

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an alternative blockchain-based carbon emissions data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

According to an aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method embodiment of a method for processing carbon emission data based on a blockchain. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an alternative block chain-based carbon emission data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the method may include the following steps:

and S102, performing quality check on carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise.

And step S104, after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and informing a carbon emission enterprise and a main department of the carbon emission enterprise of linking viewing information.

In an optional embodiment, before acquiring carbon emission data, distributed block chain nodes may be deployed at an automatic entry terminal (i.e., a platform or a terminal capable of automatically acquiring and entering data) of a carbon emission enterprise, so as to uplink the carbon emission data acquired by the automatic entry terminal through the deployed distributed block chain nodes, and thus, block chain technology may be used to ensure that the uplink data is not tampered and traceable.

For the data of the non-terminal equipment uplink, the authenticity of the data of the non-terminal equipment uplink should be added by combining with the block chain by other methods, so that authenticity check of the uplink data also needs to be solved, distributed block chain nodes can be deployed at a manual recording end (namely a platform or a terminal which needs manual data recording) of a carbon emission enterprise, carbon emission data and evidence storing data uplink which are recorded at the manual recording end are obtained through the deployed distributed block chain nodes, and the evidence storing data are used for proving the authenticity of the carbon emission data which are manually recorded.

The pure application of the block chain technique to the quality control of carbon emission data has the following problems: 1) the carbon emission data acquisition modes are many, when the chain link points of the layout block carry out chain link on data, the chain link of the monitoring equipment terminal is probably not carried out directly under many conditions, the conditions of manual meter reading, periodic statistics, manual filling and the like exist, and the quality control needs to be considered for the data which are not the chain link of the terminal monitoring equipment; 2) the carbon emission data of the enterprise is accumulative, the data volume is gradually increased along with the lengthening of the data storage time, and the construction of block bodies in a block chain area needs to be considered; 3) aiming at common problems of carbon emission data quality and accuracy judgment of carbon emission accounting results, no guidable intelligent contract exists temporarily, and a contract needs to be customized in a targeted manner.

To address some of the problems described above, in an alternative embodiment, the quality results of the carbon emissions data for the carbon emissions enterprise may be scored for a composite credit after the carbon emissions data is linked using the intelligent contract algorithm. Therefore, a credit scoring mechanism is provided, and comprehensive credit scoring is carried out on the quality results of the carbon emission data of the enterprises, and the comprehensive credit scoring can be used as a quantitative index of prior spot check of relevant departments or self-improvement problems of the enterprises.

In order to solve some of the above problems, in an alternative embodiment, a block chain technology and a key module for carbon accounting of an enterprise with important emission may be combined to perform a full-cycle evidence preservation on carbon accounting work of the enterprise, so as to increase the quality of carbon emission data of the enterprise, and facilitate the relevant administrative departments and inspection organizations to inspect and check the data. The specific implementation can be realized by executing the following steps:

step 1, checking enterprise carbon emission accounting boundaries and gas of a carbon emission enterprise to obtain enterprise accounting terms of the carbon emission enterprise;

step 2, determining a layout scheme of distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise according to enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprise and corresponding data acquisition modes;

step 3, determining a construction scheme and an encryption design scheme of a block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise, wherein the construction scheme and the encryption design scheme of the block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise comprise block structure and data structure design, and the encryption design scheme comprises asymmetric encryption and digital signature;

step 4, constructing a network layer for controlling the quality of the carbon data in the distributed block chain through a P2P network to form a distributed account book of the carbon emission data;

step 5, establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the administrative departments;

step 6, performing quality audit on carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise;

step 7, after the carbon emission data passes quality audit, linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and informing a carbon emission enterprise and a main department of the carbon emission enterprise of linking viewing information;

and 8, carrying out comprehensive credit scoring on the quality result of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise.

In order to solve some of the above problems, in an alternative embodiment, a block structure design may be provided for the quality characteristics of the carbon emission data, so that the carbon emission data can also be stored using a tree structure, thereby reducing the storage and transmission space requirements and reducing the pressure on the block chain user server.

Specifically, after the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise, a block is constructed by using a data structure of a binary tree, a root node in the binary tree is stored in a block header of the block, the root node is used for storing version information of the carbon emission data, leaf nodes in the binary tree and child nodes in the binary tree are stored in a block body of the block, the leaf nodes in the binary tree (i.e., nodes of which the lowest layer has no child nodes) are used for storing the carbon emission data, the child nodes in the binary tree are used for storing hash values of data on respective child nodes (i.e., child nodes located at a layer below a certain node, which may be leaf nodes or child nodes), a timestamp and a hash value of a previous block are also stored in the block header, and each block is used for storing data acquired by a same distributed block chain node.

To solve some of the above problems, in an alternative embodiment, the intelligent contract algorithm may be used to perform quality audit on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise as follows, including: performing data quality verification on the carbon emission data; carrying out boundary integrity accounting and accuracy verification on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise; and (5) carrying out carbon emission result verification on the carbon emission enterprises.

In the above embodiment, the performing the data quality verification on the carbon emission data includes: processing raw carbon emission data, wherein the processing comprises standardization processing and normalization processing; respectively verifying the carbon emission data after standardized treatment and normalized treatment, wherein the verification comprises continuity verification (or called continuity inspection), comparison verification of the same type of data, industry big data verification and enterprise historical data verification; in the case where the carbon emission data passes all of the above verifications, the subsequent flow is executed; and under the condition that the carbon emission data does not pass at least one item of verification, performing problem troubleshooting, correcting the data and verifying the problem description if the problem exists, and verifying the abnormal reason of the data if the problem does not exist.

In the above embodiment, the verifying the carbon emission result for the carbon emission enterprise includes: determining the carbon emission amount of a carbon emission enterprise according to an accounting scheme issued by a competent department; comparing the carbon emission amount of the carbon emission enterprise with data (which can be numerical values) in an enterprise carbon emission report of the carbon emission enterprise; and judging whether the data of the enterprise carbon emission report is abnormal or not by comparing the result with a set abnormal recognition threshold value.

By the embodiment, aiming at common problems of carbon data quality issued by relevant departments, a plurality of corresponding data quality control methods are provided, intelligent contracts are designed, and different verification feedback mechanisms are designed, so that the carbon emission data quality can be effectively improved, and the problem finding efficiency of enterprises and national departments is improved; in addition, various carbon emission data quality control algorithms are deployed to the intelligent contract, data quality control is carried out on enterprise data on a chain, meanwhile, the data intelligent analysis result is linked up again, and the result is stored in a block in a digital form to prevent tampering.

The scheme is designed for enterprises which come into the national or local carbon transaction range, so that the block chain users can at least comprise two parties, namely carbon emission enterprises and related departments (namely administrative departments or organizations of the carbon emission enterprises, such as ecological environment related departments), and the third-party checking organizations are randomly assigned and are not set as distributed book authority users temporarily, and after the third-party checking organizations are assigned by the related departments, checking data are extracted from the block chain for checking, and the method is not taken as the elaboration content of the method. The whole technical process of the scheme is shown in figure 2:

step 1: and (3) carrying out carbon inventory of enterprises: and (4) performing carbon check by key emission units, and determining an accounting boundary and a quality supervision plan.

And checking the carbon emission accounting boundary and the gas of the enterprise to obtain an enterprise accounting item. Taking a power generation enterprise as an example, the accounting boundary is used for dealing with the emission generated by the combustion of fossil fuel, the emission of a desulfurization process and the emission of net purchased electric power, the designed greenhouse gas type is CO2, and simultaneously, the data required by a data table is clearly supplemented: the fuel emission of the power generation facility production system, the emission of power generation, the yield of the main products including carbon trading and production indexes.

Step 2: and determining a data statistical mode and a block link point layout scheme.

Taking a power generation enterprise provided with a CEMS continuous online monitoring system as an example, the data acquisition mode of the enterprise mainly comprises the modes of instrument monitoring, manual meter reading, manual filling, energy consumption monitoring systems and the like, block link points are distributed to access data at an instrument monitoring end, an energy consumption monitoring platform and a data filling platform, nodes are distributed at the places, and besides the data authenticity can be ensured by an instrument monitoring terminal, the data access of the energy consumption monitoring and data filling platform should be simultaneously accessed with evidence storage data so as to prove the data authenticity.

And step 3: block chaining block (i.e., data layer) construction and encryption design.

In the step, the construction of a block chain data layer of an enterprise needs to be designed, and is particularly important as a core part of a block chain, and the construction of a database and a distributed shared account book mainly relates to a block structure, data structure design, asymmetric encryption and digital signature. The carbon data quality control block structure design is shown in fig. 3 (see the following description for related contents), and the carbon emission data quality block design is mainly due to the following considerations:

1) in consideration of the situation that the data amount is inevitably increased gradually, a root node of the binary tree is used as a block head of the block to store version information (namely a hash value) of each-time carbon emission data, and a user inquires or verifies the data to obtain a result from the root node without inquiring the whole block of the block; 2) the use of the hash value facilitates enterprise backtracking of data operation conditions.

The asymmetric encryption algorithm uses two keys for encryption and decryption, which can be implemented with reference to the related art and will not be described herein in an excessive way.

And 4, step 4: establishing a transmission and authentication mechanism: and constructing a network layer for controlling the carbon data quality in the distributed block chain through the P2P network to form a carbon emission data distributed ledger.

The step is the information transmission basis of an enterprise carbon emission data quality control block chain, the networking mode is P2P, and a specific data propagation and verification mechanism enables each node in the block chain network to participate in consensus and recording equally. The verification mechanism of the step is to verify that the data is valid according to the carbon emission specification and structure of the industry to which the enterprise belongs, the digital signature of related data management personnel and the like.

And 5: and establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises, the governing bodies and other related departments.

Because the block chain is applied to increase the credit of carbon emission data of enterprises, the consensus mechanism is relatively simple, and only the carbon emission enterprises in the stage need to be verified to pass data integrity and normative test.

Step 6: and (3) constructing and executing an intelligent contract: the intelligent contract algorithm realizes intelligent auditing (multiple feedback mechanism) of the carbon emission quality of the enterprise.

Various scripts and algorithms are packaged through intelligent contracts, corresponding functions required by users can be achieved, in order to enable the contracts to be easier to understand, test and expand maintenance, only one contract is designed, and different objects are stored in the one contract through a structural body and a mapping mode. According to the carbon emission data quality supervision target, logic algorithms in three aspects are mainly designed in the step, the main innovation is that a series of algorithms are defined to intelligently verify the data quality, and the verification mechanism mainly comprises the following steps: data quality verification (integrity, accuracy, normalization), the flow of which is shown in fig. 4:

after the enterprise related data passes through each node chaining, respectively standardizing and standardizing the enterprise related data to enable the enterprise related data to be accurately extracted by a verification algorithm, wherein the verification algorithm comprises data continuity inspection, namely jump amplitude inspection of each data in time; comparing and verifying the same type of data, wherein the same type of data theoretically should be very close to the same enterprise data, such as activity level data of facilities with the same function, emission factor data of fuels with the same type and other numerical values; verifying industry big data, such as average power generation carbon emission intensity among thermal power enterprises; the enterprise historical data verification refers to the periodic inspection of data by combining analysis methods such as a same ratio and a ring ratio; for data which does not pass the verification algorithm, the data is fed back to the enterprise or a supervisor, problem troubleshooting and related processing are carried out on the corresponding data (if the data is in a problem, the data is corrected and evidence is shown, and if the data is not in a problem, the reason that the data is abnormal is stored), and the data which passes the verification can enter the next workflow.

The integrity and accuracy verification of the boundary is checked, and the analysis logic is shown as the following figure 5:

taking the enterprise carbon disk for determining boundaries having range 1, range 2, and range 3, wherein each range includes fuel 1, fuel 2, fuel 3, and electricity, heat, and other activity level data, the data items respectively correspond to the enterprise emission sources, and the set of all sources is the enterprise accounting boundary. Each item of data of the uplink is provided with a unique identifier, the data can be subjected to accuracy and integrity inspection based on a corresponding judged logic algorithm, when the input data is accurate and complete, the reported data of an enterprise completely meets the checking requirement, the checking boundary is complete, and otherwise, the boundary is wrong, and corresponding processing is required.

The carbon emission results are verified, and the analysis logic is shown in FIG. 6:

although the data reported by an enterprise and the accounting boundary pass the inspection, the possibility of carbon emission result error caused by the error of a calculation method and the error of parameter selection still exists, so that a verification algorithm aiming at the carbon emission result is designed.

The intelligent contract creation and execution logic of the three algorithms is clear, and based on the logic, data quality control, normative inspection and result verification can be intelligently performed on the carbon emission data of the enterprise, so that the trust is increased for the carbon emission data of the enterprise, and the power-assisted carbon emission market is operated healthily and stably.

And 7: the intelligent contract results for carbon emissions data are uplink.

The consideration of the step is that after the quality of the carbon emission data of the enterprise is added with the credit through the steps 1-6, the contract execution result still has the possibility of being manually changed or interfered, and for the situation, the scheme provides an intelligent contract execution result chaining method, namely after the execution of the intelligent contract is finished, the intelligent contract execution result chaining method is triggered to simultaneously send information and result chaining operation to the enterprise or related departments, and a user can check the contract execution process and result from the chain, compare the data and prevent the result from being tampered.

And 8: a credit scoring mechanism is created.

Because the current carbon market mainly aims at encouraging help, a credit scoring mechanism carries out scoring accumulation according to different types of data problems to comprehensively evaluate the carbon emission data quality of enterprises, the score setting standard is shown in the following table 1, the score setting standard shows only the severity of the problem because the specific numerical value of the score has no practical significance and only shows the data quality according to the relative height, and when the score is used as a checking basis, a score line is drawn by adopting a threshold method instead of taking a fixed score as the checking standard.

Table 1: carbon number data quality credit rating table

In table 1, higher scores indicate poorer quality of the enterprise carbon emission data.

And step 9: and (4) designing an intelligent contract.

The scheme provides an intelligent contract aiming at carbon emission data quality control, which is different from a block chain applied to transaction, and because the purpose of the contract is to check the data quality, the function is relatively simple, the confirmation of a contract participant to the transaction can be removed, and only the data receiving processing and result evidence storing are required to be met, therefore, the intelligent contract mainly comprises contract creation and execution and comprises the following functional points:

the receiving function is that when data of an enterprise or a national department is transmitted to an intelligent contract, the contract construction application of a receiving user side is represented, and the data passes the examination and verification of each user on the standard and the identification of the user;

the judging function is used for judging whether the identifier has an identifier of appointed executable operation in the contract or not after receiving the data instruction, and if the identifier has a digital signature of a data principal, the digital signature shows that the contract triggering condition is met;

a creating function, after the contract transaction record is judged to be satisfied, creating a corresponding digital code for later chaining;

and the execution function is used for executing a built-in intelligent contract algorithm and issuing a contract execution record (process and result) to the block chain for evidence storage.

The scheme provides a block chain-based carbon emission data quality control and contract construction and execution method, and aims to improve the quality reliability of carbon emission data of enterprises, assist the healthy and stable operation of a carbon trading market, facilitate timely checking and troubleshooting of data problems of the enterprises or related departments, and efficiently manage the carbon emission data.

The technical effects brought by the above innovation points of the present application mainly include the following points:

1) according to the enterprise carbon emission evidence storing technology based on the block chain evidence storing, enterprises and related departments can share enterprise carbon emission data accounts, the enterprises and checking organizations are difficult to modify data, and the reliability of the enterprise carbon emission data and results is improved;

2) based on an intelligent contract algorithm, the chain data quality monitoring can be realized, abnormal flow or data identification results can be intelligently reported to each party of a user, data can be inquired, corrected and stored in time, the inaccuracy of carbon emission results and the number of problem enterprises before performing are reduced, relevant departments and checking organizations are helped to screen problem enterprises, manpower and material resources are saved, and the problem of carbon emission data quality is reduced;

3) based on a block chain, an intelligent contract and a credit scoring mechanism method, the quality of the carbon emission data of the enterprise can be comprehensively judged, the severity of the quality of the carbon emission data is quantified, the score can be used as a priority quantification index for determining the quality of the carbon emission data to be checked by a checking mechanism by a relevant department, and checking work can be pertinently carried out or a key checking object is determined.

Next, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific embodiments, taking a coal-fired thermal power plant as an example, it should be noted that, in this case, a specific power plant is not taken as an example, but a general power plant is taken as an example, and for specific situations of a specific power generation enterprise, such as whether there is a mobile source emission inside the power generation enterprise or how many units, the specific implementation of the present solution is not affected:

therefore, the step of designing an intelligent contract device is eliminated, a block chain full-flow technology of the carbon emission data quality of the thermal power plant is shown in fig. 7, taking a thermal power enterprise as an example, an enterprise carbon emission data quality control step based on a block chain technology is introduced, the enterprise defines an enterprise accounting boundary and a related data collection mode through carbon checking work, nodes are arranged at each data end, data are linked for storage, a consensus algorithm and a transmission protocol are agreed, and a contract creation instruction is realized, anomaly identification of source data, the accounting boundary and a carbon emission result is realized through an intelligent contract algorithm, the identification result is linked again and is prevented from being tampered, finally, a quantitative index of the carbon emission data quality of the enterprise is generated based on the identification result and a credit scoring mechanism and is broadcast to national authorities and enterprises, the enterprise is urged to pay attention to the carbon emission data quality, and an assistant administrative department screens a priority checking mechanism, and the quality control of the carbon emission data of the enterprise is realized from the method and theory. The specific steps are described as follows:

step 1: carbon checking to determine an accounting boundary and a data collection mode: the enterprise develops carbon inventory work, determines information such as accounting boundaries and boundary inner-accounting discharge sources, and the inventory result table is shown in the following table 2.

TABLE 2

As shown in table 2: the accounting boundary is the regulation of "method for accounting greenhouse gas emissions of enterprises and the generation facility of report guidance (revised 2021), which includes carbon dioxide emissions generated by the combustion of fossil fuels and carbon dioxide emissions generated by outsourcing electric power, so that the gas consumption of canteens (belonging to auxiliary production facilities) and the oil consumption of transport vehicles in the inventory can be avoided. Namely, the uplink data includes fire coal data and electricity consumption data. It should be noted that, the enterprise also installs a CEMS continuous automatic monitor in the chimney of the exhaust outlet, and also needs to chain.

Step 2: and determining a block chain distributed node layout scheme according to the data acquisition mode.

In step 1, the enterprise data acquisition mode includes an enterprise production system, an enterprise intelligent electric meter system and an enterprise online monitoring instrument, so that energy consumption monitoring equipment or a development data reporting system does not need to be installed, block chain chaining modules are respectively arranged at the enterprise production system, the intelligent electric meter system and the enterprise online monitoring instrument, original data of each energy consumption is subjected to chaining storage, and a detection report and other default value data can be digitally stored in the block chain by a technical service organization.

There may be 4 uplink nodes in total: the uplink node 1 is an enterprise production system, and uplink data is coal consumption; the chain winding node 2 is an enterprise intelligent electric meter system, and chain winding data are enterprise outsourcing electric power and electricity consumption; an uplink node 3, a CEMS on-line continuous monitoring system terminal, and uplink data are waste gas monitoring parameters; and the uplink node 4 is a technical service organization or other enterprise systems, and uplink data are data of electric power emission coefficient, low calorific value of fire coal and carbon content of raw coal.

And step 3: block chain data layer (i.e. block chain structure) construction and encryption design.

The carbon emission data is different from other transaction situation application block chains, no two transaction parties are commonly linked to a node, and the carbon emission data chain is essentially a process of continuously supplementing, calculating and correcting data from source data, so that only the time sequence of data chaining exists, and a Merkle tree (full binary tree) cannot be used as a block body structure, therefore, the scheme organizes the carbon emission data chain by using a common binary tree, wherein the root node of the tree stores a Hash value of corresponding data, the value of the Hash value is unique, the root node of the tree in the block is stored in a block head to form a carbon emission data quality block structure, and the coal-fired power plant data block is as shown in FIG. 8.

A binary tree diagram of data organization (i.e. a block structure diagram of carbon emission data) is shown in fig. 9, where data 1 is source data of the uplink,

data

2,3,4 … n is supplemented or modified data, and each pair of data is operated (modified, supplemented, analyzed, etc.) to generate a new hash value and data record, and the data stream can be traced back through the hash value. If the enterprise has encryption requirements, the corresponding asymmetric encryption algorithm can be adopted for encryption.

And 4, step 4: a P2P transport and authentication mechanism is established.

Assuming that the block chain contract participant only has the coal-fired power plant or the related organization, a transmission and verification mechanism is established in the enterprise and related organization networks, a carbon data quality control network layer is established through P2P network construction, and the uplink data are equally transmitted to the enterprise and the related organization each time, so that the two parties share the same enterprise carbon emission data account book.

And 5: and a contract consensus algorithm is used for triggering the creation of the quality intelligent analysis contract.

The block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the related organizations is established, and the block chain is applied to increase the credit of carbon emission data of the enterprises, so that the consensus mechanism is relatively simple, corresponding consensus and verification mechanisms can be achieved only by the enterprises and the related organizations, but the selection of the consensus algorithm is suitable for a alliance chain or a private chain, and the consensus algorithm and the mechanism are not a key part of the scheme and are not detailed.

Step 6: and executing the intelligent contract.

The intelligent contract algorithm content and the enterprise carbon emission data quality control are mainly based on the logic algorithms in three aspects provided by the scheme, and the concrete examples of the three types of data quality control of the coal-fired power plant are as follows:

1) data quality verification (completeness, accuracy, normalization), for example, verification of accuracy of electricity consumption data, such as monthly electricity consumption data (1-10 months) with electricity consumption uplink data of 2017-2021 years for the coal-fired power plant, is shown in table 3 below:

TABLE 3

The data month-year verification, wherein the year-year verification method is a year-year growth rate, and the calculation formula is as follows:

wherein I is the same-ratio growth rate, as shown in Table 4, and E is the energy consumption usage.

TABLE 4

For the above result, a threshold value can be artificially selected, and if the data is considered to have an abnormality, such as setting the threshold value to be 50%, then when the absolute value of I is greater than 50%, the data abnormality indication will be fed back, and when the threshold value is set to be 50%, the data abnormality value in the above data is as shown in table 5:

TABLE 5

The month with thick grey bottom is identified as data abnormal, the result is represented by 1, the data identified as normal data is identified as 0, the data with 1 is fed back to the enterprise or related departments, and the specific operation can be determined according to the agreed consensus mechanism or the intelligent contract content of the two parties.

2) And (5) checking the integrity and the accuracy of the boundary.

In step 1, the check and calculation boundary and the emission source thereof after carbon checking are simple, and only the fire coal and electricity consumption related data exist, so in this scenario, the fire coal and electricity consumption data are correspondingly identified, and the following check and boundary examination flow description is performed by using a table and a pseudo code (the identification of the identifier by letters or numbers does not affect contract execution, and only the identifier of the data is required to be unique and can be indexed), and the check item unique identifier corresponding table is shown in table 6:

TABLE 6

When the number of items after the carbon disk check in the garden is large, the unique identifier file can be written into a file and imported from the derivative chain.

The contract execution pseudo code is as follows (the contract execution programming language can adopt languages such as C + +, GO and the like, and the specific implementation does not influence the specific implementation of the scheme):

step 1, importing data, obtaining a data identifier B (uplink data item n), and verifying and checking the correctness of the boundary.

And 2, constructing an identifier array, and comparing the data identifiers with the identifier array one by one.

The power plant standard boundary identifier library comprises C: CE. EE, CCV, CCC, EEV.

Establishing a cycle 1, performing logic operation on the data identifiers in the B and the identifiers in the identifier database C one by one, if the comparison is successful, feeding back information of the successful comparison, and storing the identifiers in a comparison temporary array D; if the comparison fails, feeding back 'boundary error' information.

The loop is stopped after all identifier ratios in B have ended.

Step 3, checking the integrity of the accounting boundary based on the correctly compared data identifier data D

Establishing a loop 2, judging whether the array C and the array D belong to the same set, and returning to 'the integrity of the accounting boundary' if the array C and the array D belong to the same set; if the judgment result does not belong to the same set, returning a missing identifier and 'the accounting boundary is missing'.

And when all the identifiers in the C are judged, stopping circulation.

And 4, checking the feedback results of the loop 1 and the loop 2, if no error is reported, indicating that the enterprise accounting boundary is correct and complete, and if an error is reported, finding out which data is missing or which data does not belong to the boundary and needs to be removed according to error reporting information.

In the pseudo code, Y represents that the test is passed, N represents that the test is not passed, and when the actual intelligent contract is written, the feedback information form can be set according to the intention of a client or a contract writer. Therefore, intelligent auditing of enterprise check boundaries based on contracts can be achieved.

3) And (5) verifying carbon emission results.

The method comprises the steps of calculating the carbon emission of the enterprise by using a related accounting method issued by related departments based on enterprise uplink data, comparing the carbon emission with a numerical value in a carbon emission report reported by the enterprise, and judging whether the carbon emission report result of the enterprise has a problem or not by setting an abnormal recognition threshold. Wherein the fuel combustion and the electricity emission formulas are respectively as follows:

E _{coal burning} =AD*EF

E _{Electric power} =AD*EF

Where E represents the carbon emission amount, AD represents the energy consumption amount, and EF represents the carbon dioxide emission coefficient of the energy.

Writing the formula into an intelligent contract, calling related data, assuming that the obtained result is A (block chain data accounting result) and the value in the enterprise carbon emission report is B, judging that the formula is equal to the following formula according to the percentage error:

assuming that the threshold is 20% (which can be actually set according to the uncertainty), the determination result has the following three cases:

case 1: epsilon is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the result of the carbon emission data of the enterprise is judged to be abnormal;

case 2: epsilon is more than or equal to 20 percent, A < B, enterprise report data may be larger, and the reasons of parameter selection error, repeated calculation and the like may be possible;

case 3: epsilon is more than or equal to 20 percent, A is more than B, the enterprise reported data is small, the actions of hiding the report, forming the data and the like of the enterprise are not eliminated, and important check is needed.

And 7, linking the chain storage certificate on the contract record and the contract result, and preventing tampering.

And uploading the block chain for evidence storage through consensus on the contract execution process and the data quality control result, so as to prevent the result from being modified manually and ensure the credibility of the result.

And 8, performing credit scoring on the quality of the carbon emission data of the enterprise, broadcasting the result to the enterprise and a competent organization, and reminding the enterprise of correction and serving as a verification basis of a relevant department.

The enterprise carbon emission quality credit score is shown in table 7:

TABLE 7

When a plurality of carbon emission performance enterprises participate in the block chain-based carbon emission quality control system, corresponding scores can be obtained, the scoring details can be more detailed along with the refinement of the carbon emission quality problem, when enterprise carbon emission quality check spot check is carried out, the enterprise checking list can be determined according to the enterprise scores, the enterprise checking range is narrowed, or the sampling proportion is determined according to the scores, in a word, the checking list can be scientifically determined based on the method, and manpower and material resources are saved.

It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the above-mentioned method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the application. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in this application.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but the former is a better implementation mode in many cases. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (e.g., ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes instructions for enabling a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method of the embodiments of the present application.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a block chain-based carbon emission data processing apparatus for implementing the above method. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an alternative block chain-based carbon emission data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 10, the apparatus may include:

the auditing unit 1001 is used for performing quality auditing on carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise; and a chaining unit 1003, configured to, after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, chain the carbon emission data using an intelligent contract algorithm, and notify the carbon emission enterprise and a competent department of the carbon emission enterprise of the chaining viewing information.

Through the scheme, the blockchain technology can be migrated to a carbon transaction application scene, the block chain technology can be used for greatly ensuring the authenticity of the uplink data, more nodes and distributed accounts are provided, the data tampering difficulty is higher, the operation flow of the data can be backtracked and checked, the effective means of data credit increase can be used, and the technical problem of poor authenticity of enterprise carbon emission data in the related technology can be solved.

Optionally, the auditing unit is further configured to: processing raw carbon emission data, wherein the processing comprises standardization processing and normalization processing; respectively verifying the carbon emission data after the two types of processing, including continuity verification, data comparison verification of the same type, industry big data verification and enterprise historical data verification; wherein, in case the carbon emission data passes all the above verifications, the subsequent flow is executed; and under the condition that the carbon emission data does not pass at least one item of verification, performing problem troubleshooting, correcting the data and verifying the problem description if the problem exists, and verifying the abnormal reason of the data if the problem does not exist.

Optionally, the preprocessing unit is further configured to: checking enterprise carbon emission accounting boundaries and gas of the carbon emission enterprises to obtain enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprises; determining a distribution scheme of distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise according to enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprise and a corresponding data acquisition mode; determining a construction scheme and an encryption design scheme of a block chain data layer in a carbon emission enterprise, wherein the construction scheme and the encryption design scheme of the block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise comprise block structures and data structure designs, and the encryption design scheme comprises asymmetric encryption and digital signatures; constructing a network layer for controlling the quality of the carbon data in the distributed block chain through a P2P network to form a distributed ledger of the carbon emission data; and establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the governing departments.

Optionally, the apparatus of the present application may further comprise a scoring unit for: after the carbon emission data are linked by using an intelligent contract algorithm, the quality results of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprises are subjected to comprehensive credit scoring to be used as quantitative indexes for spot check of administrative departments or self promotion of the enterprises.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.

The integrated unit in the above embodiments, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product, may be stored in the above computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or a part of or all or part of the technical solution contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, and including instructions for causing one or more computer devices (which may be personal computers, servers, network devices, or the like) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.

In the above embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed client may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one type of division of logical functions, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon emission data processing method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:

performing quality audit on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, wherein the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise;

after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and informing the carbon emission enterprise and a competent department of the carbon emission enterprise of linking viewing information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality auditing of the carbon emissions data of the carbon emitting enterprise using intelligent contractual algorithms comprises:

performing data quality verification on the carbon emission data;

performing boundary integrity accounting and accuracy verification on the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprises;

and verifying the carbon emission result of the carbon emission enterprise.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the performing data quality validation on the carbon emissions data comprises:

processing the raw carbon emission data, wherein the processing comprises a normalization process and a normalization process;

verifying the treated carbon emission data respectively; the verification comprises continuity verification, same type data comparison verification, industry big data verification and enterprise historical data verification;

wherein, in case the carbon emission data passes the verification, a subsequent process is performed; and under the condition that the carbon emission data does not pass at least one item of verification, performing problem troubleshooting, correcting the data and verifying the problem description if the problem exists, and storing the abnormal reason of the data if the problem does not exist.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the verifying the carbon emission results of the carbon emission enterprise comprises:

determining the carbon emission amount of the carbon emission enterprise according to an accounting scheme issued by a competent department;

comparing the carbon emission amount of the carbon emission enterprise with data in an enterprise carbon emission report of the carbon emission enterprise;

and judging whether the data in the enterprise carbon emission report is abnormal or not by comparing the result with a set abnormal recognition threshold value.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein after acquiring the carbon emissions data, the method further comprises:

the method comprises the steps of constructing a block by adopting a data structure of a binary tree, storing a root node in the binary tree in a block head of the block, wherein the root node is used for storing version information of carbon emission data, storing leaf nodes in the binary tree and child nodes in the binary tree in a block body of the block, the leaf nodes in the binary tree are used for storing the carbon emission data, the child nodes in the binary tree are used for storing hash values of data on the respective child nodes, wherein a timestamp and the hash value of a previous block are also stored in the block head, and each block is used for storing data acquired by a link point of the same distributed block.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein prior to obtaining the carbon emissions data, the method further comprises deploying the distributed blockchain nodes as follows:

deploying the distributed blockchain nodes at an automatic recording end of the carbon emission enterprise so as to link up the carbon emission data collected by the automatic recording end through the deployed distributed blockchain nodes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the manual entry end of the carbon emission enterprise deploys the distributed block chain nodes, so that the distributed block chain nodes are deployed to be in the manual entry end entered carbon emission data and evidence storage data uplink, and the evidence storage data is used for assisting in manual entry of the authenticity of the carbon emission data.

7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein prior to the quality review of the carbon emissions data for a carbon emissions enterprise using a smart contract algorithm, the method further comprises:

checking enterprise carbon emission accounting boundaries and gas of the carbon emission enterprises to obtain enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprises;

determining a layout scheme of distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise according to enterprise accounting items of the carbon emission enterprise and corresponding data acquisition modes;

determining a construction scheme and an encryption design scheme of a block chain data layer in the carbon emission enterprise, wherein the construction scheme comprises a block structure and a data structure design, and the encryption design scheme comprises asymmetric encryption and a digital signature;

constructing a network layer for controlling the quality of the carbon data in the distributed block chain through a P2P network to form a distributed ledger of the carbon emission data;

and establishing a block chain consensus mechanism of the carbon emission enterprises and the competent departments.

8. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein after said uplinking the carbon emissions data using a smart contract algorithm, the method further comprises:

and performing comprehensive credit scoring on the quality result of the carbon emission data of the carbon emission enterprise.

9. A block chain-based carbon emission data processing apparatus, comprising:

the system comprises an auditing unit, a quality auditing unit and a quality auditing unit, wherein the auditing unit is used for performing quality auditing on carbon emission data of a carbon emission enterprise by using an intelligent contract algorithm, and the carbon emission data is acquired by distributed block chain nodes in the carbon emission enterprise;

and the uplink unit is used for linking the carbon emission data by using an intelligent contract algorithm after the carbon emission data passes the quality audit, and informing the carbon emission enterprises and the administrative departments of the carbon emission enterprises of uplink viewing information.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program when executed performs the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 8.

11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 8 by means of the computer program.