CN114857961B - Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked - Google Patents
Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked Download PDFInfo
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- CN114857961B CN114857961B CN202210439836.6A CN202210439836A CN114857961B CN 114857961 B CN114857961 B CN 114857961B CN 202210439836 A CN202210439836 A CN 202210439836A CN 114857961 B CN114857961 B CN 114857961B
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D11/00—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits
- F28D11/02—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked, which comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater, wherein the economizer is arranged in a flue gas pipe of the boiler; according to the invention, different cleaning procedures can be selected according to the aggregation degree, so that the online self-cleaning of the air preheater is realized, and the problems of low production efficiency, high labor intensity, low safety and poor economical efficiency caused by the need of shutdown treatment after the blockage of the traditional air preheater are solved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked.
The background technology is as follows:
the power plant boiler system comprises a boiler, a coal economizer, a denitration device, an air preheater dust remover, a desulfurization device and a chimney, wherein flue gas in the boiler is discharged through the flue, firstly passes through the coal economizer to exchange heat with water supply and cool down, then enters the denitration device to perform denitration reaction, then is guided to the upper end of the air preheater, the flue gas passes through the air preheater from top to bottom, the air preheater recovers the residual heat of the flue gas again, and the flue gas passing through the air preheater is discharged from the chimney after dust removal and desulfurization.
The air preheater mainly applied to a large-scale power plant at present has two structural forms of a tube type and a rotary type, the tube type air preheater is tube-type heat transfer equipment, and the working principle is that air and flue gas flow inside and outside the tube, and heat is prevented from being transmitted through metal; the rotary air preheater is composed of a rotor, a hot end radial partition plate, a central cylinder, a cylindrical shell, an upper sector plate, a circumferential sealing plate, a filler-energy storage plate in a bin, a transmission device, a lifting device and the like, wherein the bottom of the cylindrical shell is respectively communicated with a smoke outlet and an air inlet, and the upper part of the cylindrical shell is respectively communicated with the smoke inlet and the air outlet. Compared with a tubular air preheater, the rotary air preheater has the advantages of convenience in assembly, compact size, light weight, less material consumption, high heat exchange density and the like, and is widely applied.
The working principle of the rotary air preheater is as follows: the central cylinder rotates under the drive of the driving device to drive the rotor consisting of a plurality of (generally 24) bins to rotate; the cylindrical shell is fixed and contacts with the circumferential sealing plate welded on the outermost side of the radial partition plate to play a role in preventing radial air leakage, the sector plate is fixed at the lower end of the lifting device and is mutually matched with the radial sealing plate welded on the uppermost end of the radial partition plate to prevent radial air leakage, the lifting device is regulated by the control system, and the sector plate is driven to adjust a gap up and down according to the heated deformation value of the rotor. The heat is transferred to the energy storage plate by the hot flue gas entering from the flue gas inlet, the energy storage plate rotates to the air side along with the rotation of the rotor, and the heat is emitted to the air area, so that the heat exchange is realized by repeated rotation.
After ultralow emission is carried out on the boiler, NH in flue gas after SCR denitration 4 HSO 4 Condensation begins in the temperature 150-210 ℃ region (high dust placement SCR), and an additional adsorption layer is formed on the bin of the rotary air preheater and the surface of the filler in the bin, so that ash in the adsorbed flue gas causes the blockage of the internal circulation channel.
When the blockage of the rotary air preheater is serious, the resistance is increased sharply, the current of the air feeding and induced draft fan rises rapidly, the current swing of the primary air fan is serious, and the current swing is high and low in wind pressure, so that the safe and stable operation of the boiler is directly influenced.
The rotary air preheater is blocked by dust accumulation, the conventional method is to stop and blow ash, and the method adopts offline water flushing when serious, so that the labor intensity is high, and the problem of the blocking of the air preheater cannot be fundamentally solved, so that the technical transformation of the air preheater is necessary, the problem of the blocking of the air preheater is thoroughly solved, and the operation safety and the economy of a boiler can be improved.
The invention comprises the following steps:
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater,
the air preheater is a rotary air preheater and comprises a cylindrical shell and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell, wherein the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft and a bin which is positioned at the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates and radial partition plates, two first sector plates are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell; the outermost circumferential partition plate is abutted with the cylindrical shell through a circumferential sealing plate, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate are abutted with the corresponding first sector plate through a radial sealing plate;
each bin is filled with an energy storage plate;
the compartment is divided into a flue gas compartment and an air compartment by the sector plate,
three second sector plates are arranged between the two first sector plates at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell, and the second sector plates divide the air sub-bin into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the flue gas sub-bin, the primary air sub-bin, the primary cleaning sub-bin, the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary air sub-bin are respectively covered with a housing;
the flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor is communicated with a flue gas pipe of a flue gas sub-bin top housing of the air preheater, and the flue gas sub-bin bottom housing of the air preheater is connected with a flue gas exhaust pipe;
the bottom cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with an air pipe, the top cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with the bottom cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin through an air communicating pipe, and the top cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler through a hot air pipe;
the air pipe is also communicated with the bottom covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin through an air sub-pipe, and an air inlet valve is arranged on the air sub-pipe; the top covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are communicated with the air communicating pipe through first communicating pipes, and first communicating valves are respectively arranged on the two first communicating pipes which are communicated with the top covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin;
the first communication pipe between the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the first communication valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a second communication pipe, and a second communication valve and a first pressurizing pump are arranged on the second communication pipe; the first communication pipe between the top cover shell of the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the first communication valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a third communication pipe, and a third communication valve and a second pressurizing pump are arranged on the third communication pipe;
a fourth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the housing at the bottom of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the air inlet valve, and a fourth communicating valve is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe; a fifth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the secondary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover shell and the air inlet valve, and a fifth communicating valve is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe;
the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe, and a flushing valve is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe; a flushing water outlet pipe is communicated with a fourth communicating pipe between the air branch pipe and the fourth communicating valve, and a flushing water valve is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe.
Further, the flue gas desulfurization device further comprises a dust remover, a desulfurization reactor and a chimney, wherein the flue gas exhaust pipe, the dust remover, the desulfurization reactor and the chimney are sequentially communicated.
Further, the denitration unit comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia evaporation tank, a liquid ammonia buffer tank, a mixer, a dilution fan and a denitration reactor, wherein an outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank, an outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank, an outlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank and the dilution fan are both communicated with an inlet of the mixer, and an outlet of the mixer is communicated with an inlet of the denitration reactor.
Further, the device further comprises a controller, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas pipe and the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe, a third pressure sensor and a fourth pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air pipe and the hot air pipe, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are all in signal connection with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is respectively in signal connection with an air inlet valve, a first communication valve, a second communication valve, a third communication valve, a fourth communication valve, a fifth communication valve, a flushing valve, a first pressure pump and a second pressure pump.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention divides the air sub-bin of the rotary air preheater into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin by arranging three second sector plates at the top and the bottom of the air sub-bin of the traditional rotary air preheater, and when soot is accumulated and NH exists in the bin cells 4 HSO 4 When the wall is hung, firstly, high-pressure high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin for heating and purging, so that NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate in the bin is realized on the one hand 4 HSO 4 Softening or even liquefying, on the other hand using high pressure to soften the NH 4 HSO 4 Blowing the ash into the smoke exhaust pipe, and sending the ash into a subsequent dust remover for treatment; soot and NH in the compartment 4 HSO 4 When the aggregation is serious or even blocked, the high-pressure hot flue gas is utilized to purge and store NH in a clean sub-bin 4 HSO 4 And part of the ash is directly blown away, the other part of the ash is softened and then enters the other clean sub-bin, and high-pressure water is introduced for flushing, so that softened NH is obtained 4 HSO 4 And the ash is washed away by high-pressure water, so that the bin is cleaned and prevented from being blocked.
2. The invention monitors the NH of the air preheater in real time by arranging the controller and the monitoring elements such as the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, the fourth pressure sensor and the like 4 HSO 4 And the ash gathering condition in the bin, after being analyzed by the controller, the air preheater is cleaned according to a set program, and different cleaning programs can be selected according to the gathering degree, so that the online self-cleaning of the air preheater is realized, and the problems of low production efficiency, high labor intensity, low safety and poor economy caused by the need of stopping the traditional air preheater after the blockage are solved.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the air preheater in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air preheater structure in example 1;
fig. 4 is an electrical control diagram of embodiment 1.
In the figure: boiler 1, economizer 2, denitration unit 3, liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1, liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2, liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3, mixer 3.4, dilution blower 3.5, denitration reactor 3.6, air preheater 4, cylindrical housing 4.1, center rotating shaft 4.2, circumferential partition plate 4.3, radial partition plate 4.4, compartment 4.5, first sector plate 4.6, circumferential seal plate 4.7, radial seal plate 4.8, energy storage plate 4.9, second sector plate 4.10, flue gas compartment 4.11, primary air compartment 4.12, primary cleaning compartment 4.13, secondary cleaning compartment 4.14, secondary air compartment 4.15, housing 4.16, dust remover 5, desulfurization reactor 6, chimney 7, controller 8, flue gas pipe 9, exhaust pipe 10, air pipe 11, hot air pipe 12, high pressure flushing water pipe 13, air 14, air inlet valve 16, air inlet valve 17, first connecting pipe 18, second connecting valve 18, second connecting pipe 19, second connecting valve 21, third connecting valve 33, fourth connecting valve 23, fourth connecting valve 35, fourth connecting valve 32, fifth connecting valve 35, fourth connecting valve 32, fourth connecting valve 25, fourth connecting valve 33, fourth connecting valve 32.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler 1, an economizer 2, a denitration unit 3, an air preheater 4, a dust remover 5, a desulfurization reactor 6 and a chimney 7,
the denitration unit 3 includes liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1, liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2, liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3, blender 3.4, dilution fan 3.5 and denitration reactor 3.6, the export of liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1 communicates with the import of liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2, the export of liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2 communicates with the import of liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3, the export of liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3 and the import intercommunication of dilution fan 3.5 all with blender 3.4, the export of blender 3.4 communicates with the import of denitration reactor 3.6.
The air preheater 4 is a rotary air preheater 4 and comprises a cylindrical shell 4.1 and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell 4.1, wherein the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft 4.2 and a bin 4.5 which is positioned at the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft 4.2 and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates 4.3 and radial partition plates 4.4, two first sector plates 4.6 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates 4.6 are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell 4.1; the outermost circumferential partition plate 4.3 is abutted with the cylindrical shell 4.1 through a circumferential sealing plate 4.7, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate 4.4 are abutted with the corresponding first sector plate 4.6 through a radial sealing plate 4.8;
each bin 4.5 is filled with an energy storage plate 4.9;
the bin 4.5 is divided into a flue gas bin 4.11 and an air bin by a sector plate,
three second sector plates 4.10 are arranged between two first sector plates 4.6 at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second sector plates 4.10 are fixedly connected with a cylindrical shell 4.1, and the second sector plates 4.10 divide the air sub-bin into a primary air sub-bin 4.12, a primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13, a secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and a secondary air sub-bin 4.15 in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the flue gas sub-bin 4.11, the primary air sub-bin 4.12, the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13, the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 are respectively covered with a housing 4.16;
the economizer 2 is arranged in a flue gas pipe 9 of the boiler 1, the outlet of the flue gas pipe 9 of the boiler 1 is communicated with the flue gas inlet of a denitration reactor 3.6 of the denitration unit 3, the flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor 3.6 is communicated with a flue gas sub-bin 4.11 top cover shell 4.16 of the air preheater 4 through the flue gas pipe 9, the flue gas sub-bin 4.11 bottom cover shell 4.16 of the air preheater 4 is connected with a flue gas discharge pipe 10, and the flue gas discharge pipe 10, the dust remover 5, the desulfurization reactor 6 and a chimney 7 are sequentially communicated.
The bottom cover shell 4.16 of the primary air sub-bin 4.12 is communicated with the air pipe 11, the top cover shell 4.16 of the primary air sub-bin 4.12 is communicated with the bottom cover shell 4.16 of the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 through the air communicating pipe 14, and the top cover shell 4.16 of the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 is communicated with the air inlet of the boiler 1 through the hot air pipe 12;
the air pipe 11 is also communicated with the bottom covers 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 through an air sub-pipe 15, and an air inlet valve 16 is arranged on the air sub-pipe 15; the top covers 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 are communicated with the air communicating pipe 14 through a first communicating pipe 17, and a first communicating valve 18 is respectively arranged on the two first communicating pipes 17 which are communicated with the top covers 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14;
the first communication pipe 17 between the top cover shell 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the first communication valve 18 is also communicated with the flue gas pipe 9 through a second communication pipe 19, and a second communication valve 20 and a first pressurizing pump 21 are arranged on the second communication pipe 19; the first communication pipe 17 between the top cover shell 4.16 of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the first communication valve 18 is also communicated with the flue gas pipe 9 through a third communication pipe 22, and a third communication valve 23 and a second pressurizing pump 24 are arranged on the third communication pipe 22;
a fourth communicating pipe 25 communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 10 is arranged on a pipeline connected between the bottom housing 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the air inlet valve 16, and a fourth communicating valve 26 is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe 25; a fifth communicating pipe 27 communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 10 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the bottom housing 4.16 of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the air inlet valve 16, and a fifth communicating valve 28 is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe 27;
the top cover shell 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe 13, and a flushing valve 29 is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe 13; a flushing water outlet pipe 30 is communicated with a fourth communicating pipe 25 connected between the air branch pipe 15 and the fourth communicating valve 26, and a flushing water valve 31 is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe 30.
The embodiment further comprises a controller 8, a first pressure sensor 32 and a second pressure sensor 33 are arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas pipe 9 and the inlet end of the flue gas exhaust pipe 10, a third pressure sensor 34 and a fourth pressure sensor 35 are respectively arranged on the air pipe 11 and the hot air pipe 12, the first pressure sensor 32, the second pressure sensor 33, the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 are respectively connected with the input end of the controller 8 in a signal manner, and the output end of the controller 8 is respectively connected with the air inlet valve 16, the first communication valve 18, the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26, the fifth communication valve 28, the flushing valve 29, the flushing outlet valve 31, the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24 in a signal manner.
Working principle:
as shown in fig. 2, taking the example of a counterclockwise rotation of the rotor,
(1) Before operation, the air intake valve 16 and the first communication valve 18 are opened; closing the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26, the fifth communication valve 28, the flush valve 29, and the flush outlet valve 31; flue gas of the boiler 1 enters a flue gas pipe 9, enters a denitration reactor 3.6 for denitration reaction after exchanging heat with water in the economizer 2, enters a flue gas sub-bin 4.11 after denitration, heats an energy storage plate in the flue gas sub-bin 4.11, and discharges the cooled flue gas from a chimney 7 after dust removal by a dust remover 5 and desulfurization by a desulfurization reactor 6 in sequence;
as the rotor rotates, the heated energy storage plate is sequentially rotated to a secondary air sub-bin 4.15, a secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14, a primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and a primary air sub-bin 4.12, cold air firstly enters from the lower parts of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14, the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the primary air sub-bin 4.12, and enters from the lower part of the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 after primary heat exchange with the energy storage plate, and secondarily exchanges heat with the energy storage plate, and the heated air is sent into the boiler 1;
during denitration, liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1 is sent into the liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2 for heating and liquefying, then is sent into the liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3 for buffering for later use, is then sent into the mixer 3.4, is mixed with air sent by the dilution fan 3.5, and enters the denitration reactor 3.6 for denitration reaction.
(2) The first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 respectively monitor the pressure of the outlet end of the smoke pipe 9 and the pressure of the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe 10 in real time; the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 monitor the pressures in the air pipe 11 and the hot air pipe 12 in real time, respectively; the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is sent to the controller 8 for analysis, when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 is greater than the first threshold value, and the third pressure is transmittedThe pressure difference between the sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is greater than the second threshold value, the air intake valve 16, the two first communication valves 18 are closed, the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26 and the fifth communication valve 28 are opened, and the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24 are opened; the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 are heated and purged by utilizing high-pressure hot flue gas, so that NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate 4.9 in the bin grid 4.5 is realized on the one hand 4 HSO 4 Softening or even liquefying, on the other hand using high pressure to soften the NH 4 HSO 4 And the soot is blown into the smoke exhaust pipe 10 and is sent into the subsequent dust remover 5 for treatment;
the controller 8 controls the purge time, which in this embodiment is the time required for one revolution of the rotor; after the purging is finished, the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24 are closed, the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26 and the fifth communication valve 28 are closed, the air inlet valve 16 and the two first communication valves 18 are opened, and normal operation is performed;
(3) When the purging is finished and the normal operation is finished, if the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 is larger than a first threshold value and the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is larger than a second threshold value, continuing to repeat the purging step in (2) until the pressure difference is smaller than the threshold value requirement;
(4) When the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 is greater than a third threshold value, and the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is greater than a fourth threshold value, the third threshold value is greater than the first threshold value, and the fourth threshold value is greater than the second threshold value, then the air inlet valve 16 and the two first communication valves 18 are closed, the second communication valve 20, the flushing valve 29, the fifth communication valve 28 and the flushing water valve 31 are opened, the second booster pump 24 is opened, the high-pressure hot flue gas is utilized for purging the second cleaning sub-tank, the high-pressure water is utilized for flushing the first cleaning sub-tank, and NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate 4.9 is in the cells 4.5 of the second cleaning sub-tank 4 HSO 4 And part of the ash is directly blown away, and the other part of the ash enters the first cleaning sub-bin after being softened and is washed away by high-pressure water;
the controller 8 controls the purge and rinse times, which in this embodiment are the times required for one revolution of the rotor; after the purging is finished, the second pressurizing pump 24 is closed, the second communication valve 20, the flushing valve 29, the fifth communication valve 28 and the flushing water outlet valve 31 are closed, and the air inlet valve 16 and the two first communication valves 18 are opened for normal operation; the washed bin 4.5 rotates to the primary air bin 4.12 and is dried by air, so that the ash accumulation caused by mixing of moisture and smoke after the subsequent smoke enters is avoided.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater,
the air preheater is a rotary air preheater and comprises a cylindrical shell and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell, wherein the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft and a bin which is positioned at the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates and radial partition plates, two first sector plates are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell; the outermost circumferential partition plate is abutted with the cylindrical shell through a circumferential sealing plate, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate are abutted with the corresponding first sector plate through a radial sealing plate;
each bin is filled with an energy storage plate;
the compartment is divided into a flue gas compartment and an air compartment by the sector plate,
the method is characterized in that: three second sector plates are arranged between the two first sector plates at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell, and the second sector plates divide the air sub-bin into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the flue gas sub-bin, the primary air sub-bin, the primary cleaning sub-bin, the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary air sub-bin are respectively covered with a housing;
the flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor is communicated with a flue gas pipe of a flue gas sub-bin top housing of the air preheater, and the flue gas sub-bin bottom housing of the air preheater is connected with a flue gas exhaust pipe;
the bottom cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with an air pipe, the top cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with the bottom cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin through an air communicating pipe, and the top cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler through a hot air pipe;
the air pipe is also communicated with the bottom covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin through an air sub-pipe, and an air inlet valve is arranged on the air sub-pipe; the top covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are communicated with the air communicating pipe through first communicating pipes, and first communicating valves are respectively arranged on the two first communicating pipes which are communicated with the top covers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin;
the first communication pipe between the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the first communication valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a second communication pipe, and a second communication valve and a first pressurizing pump are arranged on the second communication pipe; the first communication pipe between the top cover shell of the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the first communication valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a third communication pipe, and a third communication valve and a second pressurizing pump are arranged on the third communication pipe;
a fourth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the housing at the bottom of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the air inlet valve, and a fourth communicating valve is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe; a fifth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the secondary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover shell and the air inlet valve, and a fifth communicating valve is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe;
the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe, and a flushing valve is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe; a flushing water outlet pipe is communicated with a fourth communicating pipe between the air branch pipe and the fourth communicating valve, and a flushing water valve is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe.
2. The power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, further comprising a dust remover, a desulfurization reactor and a chimney, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe, the dust remover, the desulfurization reactor and the chimney are sequentially communicated.
3. The power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, wherein the denitration unit comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia evaporation tank, a liquid ammonia buffer tank, a mixer, a dilution fan and a denitration reactor, an outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank, an outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank, an outlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank and the dilution fan are both communicated with an inlet of the mixer, and an outlet of the mixer is communicated with an inlet of the denitration reactor.
4. The power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas pipe and the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe, a third pressure sensor and a fourth pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air pipe and the hot air pipe, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are respectively connected with the input end of the controller in a signal manner, and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with an air inlet valve, a first communication valve, a second communication valve, a third communication valve, a fourth communication valve, a fifth communication valve, a flushing valve, a first booster pump and a second booster pump in a signal manner.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210439836.6A CN114857961B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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| CN202210439836.6A CN114857961B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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| CN114857961B true CN114857961B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN111306567A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Hot air positive pressure blowing system for inhibiting blockage of air preheater and working method thereof |
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2022
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104338704A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Method and device for cleaning air preheater of coal-fired power plant boiler SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration system online |
| CN205119926U (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-03-30 | 大唐户县第二热电厂 | Online high -pressure water washing device of air heater |
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| CN114857961A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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