CN114857961A - Power plant boiler system capable of preventing air preheater from being blocked - Google Patents
Power plant boiler system capable of preventing air preheater from being blocked Download PDFInfo
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- CN114857961A CN114857961A CN202210439836.6A CN202210439836A CN114857961A CN 114857961 A CN114857961 A CN 114857961A CN 202210439836 A CN202210439836 A CN 202210439836A CN 114857961 A CN114857961 A CN 114857961A
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D11/00—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits
- F28D11/02—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked, which comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater, wherein the economizer is arranged in a flue gas pipe of the boiler, the outlet of the flue gas pipe of the boiler is communicated with the flue gas inlet of a denitration reactor of the denitration unit, the flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor is communicated with a flue gas branch bin top cover shell of the air preheater through the flue gas pipe, and the flue gas branch bin bottom cover shell of the air preheater is connected with a flue gas exhaust pipe; according to the invention, different cleaning programs can be selected according to the gathering degree, the online self-cleaning of the air preheater is realized, and the problems of low production efficiency, high manual labor intensity, low safety and poor economy caused by shutdown treatment after the traditional air preheater is blocked are solved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a power plant boiler system capable of preventing an air preheater from being blocked.
Background art:
the power plant boiler system includes the boiler, the economizer, denitrification facility, the air heater dust remover, desulphurization unit and chimney, flue gas in the boiler passes through the flue and discharges, after earlier through economizer and feedwater heat transfer cooling, reentrant denitrification facility carries out denitration reaction, then be guided to air heater's upper end again, flue gas top-down passes air heater's inside, air heater retrieves the remaining heat of flue gas once more, discharge from the chimney after removing dust and desulfurization again through air heater's flue gas.
At present, the air preheater mainly applied to a large-scale power plant has two structural forms of a tubular type and a rotary type, the tubular air preheater is a tubular heat transfer type device, the working principle is that air and flue gas flow inside and outside a pipe, and heat is prevented from being transmitted through metal; the rotary air preheater is composed of a rotor, a hot end radial partition plate, a central cylinder, a cylindrical shell, an upper sector plate, a circumferential sealing plate, filler-energy storage plates in a bin lattice, a transmission device, a lifting device and the like, wherein the bottom of the cylindrical shell is respectively communicated with a flue gas outlet and an air inlet, and the upper part of the cylindrical shell is respectively communicated with the flue gas inlet and the air outlet. Compared with a tubular air preheater, the rotary air preheater has the advantages of convenience in assembly, compact size, light weight, less material consumption, high heat exchange density and the like, and is widely applied.
The working principle of the rotary air preheater is as follows: the central cylinder is driven by the driving device to rotate to drive a rotor consisting of a plurality of (generally 24) bins to rotate; the cylinder shell is fixed, and with the welding in the circumferential seal board contact of radial baffle outside, play the effect that prevents radial leaking out, the lower extreme at hoisting device is fixed to the sector plate, coincide each other with radial baffle top welded radial seal board, prevents radial leaking out, hoisting device receives control system's regulation, according to the size of rotor thermal deformation value, drives the sector plate and adjusts the clearance from top to bottom. The hot flue gas that gets into from the flue gas import gives the energy storage board with heat transfer, and the energy storage board turns into the air side along with the rotation of rotor, gives off the heat to the air district, and the rotation realizes thermal exchange like this repeatedly.
NH in flue gas after SCR denitration after ultralow emission of boiler 4 HSO 4 The condensation starts in the area with the temperature of 150-210 ℃ (high dust arrangement SCR), an additional adsorption layer is formed on the bin grids of the rotary air preheater and the surfaces of fillers in the bin grids, and ash in the adsorption flue gas causes the blockage of an internal circulation channel.
When the rotary air preheater is seriously blocked, the resistance is sharply increased, the current of a feeding fan and a draught fan rapidly rises, the current of a primary fan swings seriously, and the high time and the low time of the wind pressure directly influence the safe and stable operation of the boiler.
The existing conventional method for ash deposition and blockage of the rotary air preheater is to stop for ash blowing, and is flushed by off-line water in serious cases, so that the labor intensity of workers is high, and the blockage problem of the air preheater cannot be solved fundamentally, so that the technical improvement of the air preheater is necessary to thoroughly solve the blockage problem of the air preheater, and the operation safety and the economical efficiency of a boiler can be improved.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater,
the air preheater is a rotary air preheater and comprises a cylindrical shell and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell, the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft and a bin lattice which is positioned on the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates and radial partition plates, two first sector plates are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell; the circumferential partition plate on the outermost side is abutted with the cylindrical shell through a circumferential sealing plate, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate are abutted with the corresponding first sector plates through radial sealing plates;
each bin lattice is filled with an energy storage plate;
the bin lattices are divided into a smoke sub-bin and an air sub-bin by the fan-shaped plates,
three second fan-shaped plates are arranged between the two first fan-shaped plates at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second fan-shaped plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell, and the second fan-shaped plates divide the air sub-bin into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the smoke sub-bin, the primary air sub-bin, the primary cleaning sub-bin, the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary air sub-bin are respectively and independently covered with a housing;
the coal economizer is arranged in a flue gas pipe of the boiler, an outlet of the flue gas pipe of the boiler is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a denitration reactor of the denitration unit, a flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor is communicated with a flue gas bin top cover of the air preheater through the flue gas pipe, and a flue gas bin bottom cover of the air preheater is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe;
the bottom cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with an air pipe, the top cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with the bottom cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin through an air communicating pipe, and the top cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler through a hot air pipe;
the air pipe is also communicated with the bottom enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin through an air sub-pipe, and an air inlet valve is arranged on the air sub-pipe; the top enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are communicated with the air communicating pipe through first communicating pipes, and two first communicating pipes which are communicated with the top enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are respectively provided with a first communicating valve;
the first communicating pipe between the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the first communicating valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a second communicating pipe, and a second communicating valve and a first pressurizing pump are arranged on the second communicating pipe; the first communicating pipe between the top cover shell of the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the first communicating valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a third communicating pipe, and a third communicating valve and a second pressurizing pump are arranged on the third communicating pipe;
a fourth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the primary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover and the air inlet valve, and a fourth communicating valve is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe; a fifth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the secondary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover and the air inlet valve, and a fifth communicating valve is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe;
the primary cleaning sub-bin top cover is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe, and a flushing valve is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe; and a flushing water outlet pipe is communicated with a fourth communicating pipe connected between the air branch pipe and the fourth communicating valve, and a flushing water outlet valve is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe.
Furthermore, the smoke exhaust pipe, the dust remover, the desulfurization reactor and the chimney are communicated in sequence.
Further, the denitration unit includes liquid ammonia storage tank, liquid ammonia evaporating groove, liquid ammonia buffer tank, blender, dilution fan and denitration reactor, the export of liquid ammonia storage tank with the import intercommunication of liquid ammonia evaporating groove, the export of liquid ammonia evaporating groove with the import intercommunication of liquid ammonia buffer tank, the export of liquid ammonia buffer tank and dilution fan all communicate with the import of blender, the export of blender with the import intercommunication of denitration reactor.
Further, it still includes the controller flue gas pipe exit end and the pipe entrance point of discharging fume set up first pressure sensor and second pressure sensor be equipped with third pressure sensor and fourth pressure sensor on air hose and the hot-blast main respectively, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor and fourth pressure sensor all with the input signal connection of controller, the output of controller respectively with air admission valve, first intercommunication valve, second intercommunication valve, third intercommunication valve, fourth intercommunication valve, fifth intercommunication valve, flushometer, wash outlet valve, first force (forcing) pump and second force (forcing) pump signal connection.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention divides the air sub-bin of the rotary air preheater into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin by arranging three second fan-shaped plates at the top and the bottom of the air sub-bin of the traditional rotary air preheater, and when ash accumulation and NH exist in bin lattices, the ash accumulation and the NH exist in the bin lattices 4 HSO 4 When the wall is hung on the wall, firstly, high-pressure and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin for heating and purging, so that NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate in the bin lattice is generated on one hand 4 HSO 4 Softening or even liquefying, and on the other hand using high pressure to soften NH 4 HSO 4 And the soot is blown into the smoke exhaust pipe and is sent into a subsequent dust remover for treatment; when the ash and NH in the bin 4 HSO 4 When the accumulation is serious and even the blockage occurs, high-pressure hot flue gas is used for blowing and sweeping NH in a clean sub-bin 4 HSO 4 And one part of the ash is directly blown away, the other part of the ash is softened and then enters another cleaning sub-bin, and high-pressure water is introduced for washing to ensure that the softened NH 4 HSO 4 And the ash is washed away by high-pressure water, so that the cleaning of the bin lattice is realized, and the blockage of the bin lattice is prevented.
2. The invention monitors the NH of the air preheater in real time by arranging a controller and monitoring elements such as a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor and the like 4 HSO 4 And the gathering condition of the cigarette ash in the bin lattices is analyzed by the controller, the air preheater is cleaned according to a set program, different cleaning programs can be selected according to the gathering degree, the online self-cleaning of the air preheater is realized, and the problems of low production efficiency, high labor intensity, low safety and poor economical efficiency caused by shutdown treatment after the traditional air preheater is blocked are solved.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of an air preheater in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an air preheater in accordance with embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is an electric control diagram of embodiment 1.
In the figure: boiler 1, economizer 2, denitration unit 3, liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1, liquid ammonia evaporation tank 3.2, liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3, mixer 3.4, dilution fan 3.5, denitration reactor 3.6, air preheater 4, cylindrical shell 4.1, central rotating shaft 4.2, circumferential partition plate 4.3, radial partition plate 4.4, bin 4.5, first sector plate 4.6, circumferential sealing plate 4.7, radial sealing plate 4.8, energy storage plate 4.9, second sector plate 4.10, flue gas sub-bin 4.11, primary air sub-bin 4.12, primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13, secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14, secondary air sub-bin 4.15, housing 4.16, dust remover 5, desulfurization reactor 6, chimney 7, controller 8, flue gas pipe 9, flue gas pipe 10, air pipe 11, hot air pipe 12, high-pressure flushing water pipe 13, air communicating pipe 14, air sub-pipe 15, air 16, first communicating pipe 17, first communicating pipe 18, second communicating pipe 19, second communicating valve 20, communicating pipe 20, The device comprises a first pressurization pump 21, a third communication pipe 22, a third communication valve 23, a second pressurization pump 24, a fourth communication pipe 25, a fourth communication valve 26, a fifth communication pipe 27, a fifth communication valve 28, a flush valve 29, a flush water outlet pipe 30, a flush water outlet valve 31, a first pressure sensor 32, a second pressure sensor 33, a third pressure sensor 34 and a fourth pressure sensor 35.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler 1, an economizer 2, a denitration unit 3, an air preheater 4, a dust remover 5, a desulfurization reactor 6 and a chimney 7,
The air preheater 4 is a rotary air preheater 4 and comprises a cylindrical shell 4.1 and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell 4.1, wherein the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft 4.2 and a bin 4.5 which is positioned on the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft 4.2 and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates 4.3 and radial partition plates 4.4, two first sector plates 4.6 are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates 4.6 are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell 4.1; the circumferential partition plate 4.3 at the outermost side is abutted with the cylindrical shell 4.1 through a circumferential sealing plate 4.7, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate 4.4 are abutted with the corresponding first sector plate 4.6 through a radial sealing plate 4.8;
each bin 4.5 is filled with an energy storage plate 4.9;
the bin lattice 4.5 is divided into a smoke sub-bin 4.11 and an air sub-bin by a fan-shaped plate,
three second fan-shaped plates 4.10 are arranged between two first fan-shaped plates 4.6 at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second fan-shaped plates 4.10 are fixedly connected with a cylindrical shell 4.1, and the air sub-bin is divided into a primary air sub-bin 4.12, a primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13, a secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and a secondary air sub-bin 4.15 by the second fan-shaped plates 4.10 in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the flue gas sub-bin 4.11, the primary air sub-bin 4.12, the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13, the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 are respectively and independently covered with a housing 4.16;
the economizer 2 is arranged in a flue gas pipe 9 of the boiler 1, an outlet of the flue gas pipe 9 of the boiler 1 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a denitration reactor 3.6 of the denitration unit 3, a flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor 3.6 is communicated with a flue gas branch cabin 4.11 top cover shell 4.16 of the air preheater 4 through the flue gas pipe 9, a flue gas branch cabin 4.11 bottom cover shell 4.16 of the air preheater 4 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe 10, and the smoke exhaust pipe 10, the dust remover 5, the desulfurization reactor 6 and the chimney 7 are sequentially communicated.
The bottom encloser 4.16 of the primary air branch bin 4.12 is communicated with an air pipe 11, the top encloser 4.16 of the primary air branch bin 4.12 is communicated with the bottom encloser 4.16 of the secondary air branch bin 4.15 through an air communicating pipe 14, and the top encloser 4.16 of the secondary air branch bin 4.15 is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler 1 through a hot air pipe 12;
the air pipe 11 is also communicated with a bottom cover shell 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 through an air sub-pipe 15, and the air sub-pipe 15 is provided with an air inlet valve 16; the top enclosers 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 are communicated with the air communicating pipe 14 through first communicating pipes 17, and two first communicating pipes 17 of the top enclosers 4.16 communicating the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 are respectively provided with first communicating valves 18;
a first communicating pipe 17 between a top cover 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the first communicating valve 18 is also communicated with the flue gas pipe 9 through a second communicating pipe 19, and the second communicating pipe 19 is provided with a second communicating valve 20 and a first pressure pump 21; the first communicating pipe 17 between the top cover 4.16 of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the first communicating valve 18 is also communicated with the flue gas pipe 9 through a third communicating pipe 22, and the third communicating pipe 22 is provided with a third communicating valve 23 and a second pressure pump 24;
a fourth communicating pipe 25 communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 10 is arranged on a pipeline connected between the bottom cover 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the air inlet valve 16, and a fourth communicating valve 26 is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe 25; a fifth communicating pipe 27 communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 10 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the bottom cover 4.16 of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 and the air inlet valve 16, and a fifth communicating valve 28 is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe 27;
the top cover 4.16 of the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe 13, and a flushing valve 29 is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe 13; a flushing water outlet pipe 30 is communicated with the fourth communication pipe 25 connected between the air branch pipe 15 and the fourth communication valve 26, and a flushing water outlet valve 31 is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe 30.
The embodiment further comprises a controller 8, a first pressure sensor 32 and a second pressure sensor 33 are arranged at the outlet end of the smoke pipe 9 and the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe 10, a third pressure sensor 34 and a fourth pressure sensor 35 are respectively arranged on the air pipe 11 and the hot air pipe 12, the first pressure sensor 32, the second pressure sensor 33, the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 are all in signal connection with the input end of the controller 8, and the output end of the controller 8 is in signal connection with the air intake valve 16, the first communicating valve 18, the second communicating valve 20, the third communicating valve 23, the fourth communicating valve 26, the fifth communicating valve 28, the flushing valve 29, the flushing water outlet valve 31, the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24 respectively.
The working principle is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, taking the example of the rotor rotating counterclockwise,
(1) before operation, the air inlet valve 16 and the first communicating valve 18 are opened; closing the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26, the fifth communication valve 28, the flush valve 29 and the flush outlet valve 31; the method comprises the following steps that flue gas of a boiler 1 enters a flue gas pipe 9, enters a denitration reactor 3.6 for denitration reaction after exchanging heat with water in an economizer 2, enters a flue gas sub-bin 4.11 after denitration, heats an energy storage plate in the flue gas sub-bin 4.11, and is discharged from a chimney 7 after being subjected to dust removal by a dust remover 5 and desulfurization by a desulfurization reactor 6 in sequence;
with the rotation of the rotor, the heated energy storage plate is sequentially rotated to a secondary air sub-bin 4.15, a secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14, a primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and a primary air sub-bin 4.12, cold air firstly enters from the lower parts of the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14, the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the primary air sub-bin 4.12, and after primary heat exchange with the energy storage plate, enters from the lower part of the secondary air sub-bin 4.15 and exchanges heat with the energy storage plate for the second time, and the heated air is sent to the boiler 1;
during the denitration, liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia storage tank 3.1 is sent into liquid ammonia evaporating tank 3.2 after the heating liquefaction, sends into liquid ammonia buffer tank 3.3 buffering for use, in later sending into blender 3.4, mixes with the air that dilution fan 3.5 sent into, carries out denitration reaction in getting into denitration reactor 3.6.
(2) The first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 respectively monitor the pressure at the outlet end of the smoke pipe 9 and the pressure at the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe 10 in real time; the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 respectively monitor the pressure in the air pipe 11 and the hot air pipe 12 in real time; analyzing in the controller 8 the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor, and when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 is greater than the first threshold value and the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is greater than the second threshold value, closing the air intake valve 16, the two first communication valves 18, opening the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26, and the fifth communication valve 28, and opening the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24; the primary cleaning sub-bin 4.13 and the secondary cleaning sub-bin 4.14 are heated and blown by high-pressure hot flue gas, so that NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate 4.9 in the bin 4.5 is generated on one hand 4 HSO 4 Softening or even liquefying, and on the other hand using high pressure to soften NH 4 HSO 4 And the soot is blown into the smoke exhaust pipe 10 and is sent into the subsequent dust remover 5 for treatment;
the controller 8 controls the purging time, wherein the purging time is the time required by one rotation of the rotor in the embodiment; after the purging is finished, the first pressurizing pump 21 and the second pressurizing pump 24 are closed, the second communication valve 20, the third communication valve 23, the fourth communication valve 26 and the fifth communication valve 28 are closed, the air inlet valve 16 and the two first communication valves 18 are opened, and normal operation is performed;
(3) when the normal operation of the purging is finished, when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 33 is greater than the first threshold value, and the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is greater than the second threshold value, continuing to repeat the purging step in the step (2) until the pressure difference is less than the threshold value requirement;
(4) when the first pressure sensor 32The pressure difference between the second pressure sensor 33 and the air inlet valve 16 is greater than a third threshold value, the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 34 and the fourth pressure sensor 35 is greater than a fourth threshold value, the third threshold value is greater than the first threshold value, the fourth threshold value is greater than the second threshold value, the air inlet valve 16, the two first communication valves 18 are closed, the second communication valve 20, the flushing valve 29, the fifth communication valve 28 and the flushing water outlet valve 31 are opened, the second pressure pump 24 is started, the second cleaning sub-chamber is purged by high-pressure hot flue gas, the first cleaning sub-chamber is flushed by high-pressure water, and NH enriched on the partition plate and the energy storage plate 4.9 in the chamber 4.5 of the second cleaning sub-chamber 4 HSO 4 One part of the ash is directly blown away, and the other part of the ash enters the first cleaning sub-bin after being softened and is washed away by high-pressure water;
the controller 8 controls the purging and flushing time, which in this embodiment is the time required for one rotation of the rotor; after the purging is finished, the second pressurizing pump 24 is closed, the second communication valve 20, the flushing valve 29, the fifth communication valve 28 and the flushing water outlet valve 31 are closed, the air inlet valve 16 and the two first communication valves 18 are opened, and the normal operation is carried out; the washed bin lattices 4.5 rotate to the primary air sub-bin 4.12 to be dried by air, so that the accumulation of the cigarette ash caused by the mixing of moisture and the smoke after the subsequent smoke enters is avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a boiler, an economizer, a denitration unit and an air preheater,
the air preheater is a rotary air preheater and comprises a cylindrical shell and a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylindrical shell, the rotor comprises a central rotating shaft and a bin lattice which is positioned on the peripheral side of the central rotating shaft and is formed by dividing a plurality of circumferential partition plates and radial partition plates, two first sector plates are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the rotor, and the first sector plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell; the circumferential partition plate on the outermost side is abutted with the cylindrical shell through a circumferential sealing plate, and the upper end and the lower end of the radial partition plate are abutted with the corresponding first sector plates through radial sealing plates;
each bin lattice is filled with an energy storage plate;
the bin lattices are divided into a smoke sub-bin and an air sub-bin by the fan-shaped plates,
the method is characterized in that: three second fan-shaped plates are arranged between the two first fan-shaped plates at the upper part and the lower part of the air sub-bin, the second fan-shaped plates are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell, and the second fan-shaped plates divide the air sub-bin into a primary air sub-bin, a primary cleaning sub-bin, a secondary cleaning sub-bin and a secondary air sub-bin in sequence; the top and bottom outlets of the smoke sub-bin, the primary air sub-bin, the primary cleaning sub-bin, the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary air sub-bin are respectively and independently covered with a housing;
the coal economizer is arranged in a flue gas pipe of the boiler, an outlet of the flue gas pipe of the boiler is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a denitration reactor of the denitration unit, a flue gas outlet of the denitration reactor is communicated with a flue gas bin top cover of the air preheater through the flue gas pipe, and a flue gas bin bottom cover of the air preheater is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe;
the bottom cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with an air pipe, the top cover shell of the primary air sub-bin is communicated with the bottom cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin through an air communicating pipe, and the top cover shell of the secondary air sub-bin is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler through a hot air pipe;
the air pipe is also communicated with the bottom enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin through an air sub-pipe, and an air inlet valve is arranged on the air sub-pipe; the top enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are communicated with the air communicating pipe through first communicating pipes, and two first communicating pipes which are communicated with the top enclosers of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the secondary cleaning sub-bin are respectively provided with a first communicating valve;
the first communicating pipe between the top cover shell of the primary cleaning sub-bin and the first communicating valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a second communicating pipe, and a second communicating valve and a first pressurizing pump are arranged on the second communicating pipe; the first communicating pipe between the top cover shell of the secondary cleaning sub-bin and the first communicating valve is also communicated with the flue gas pipe through a third communicating pipe, and a third communicating valve and a second pressurizing pump are arranged on the third communicating pipe;
a fourth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the primary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover and the air inlet valve, and a fourth communicating valve is arranged on the fourth communicating pipe; a fifth communicating pipe communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on a pipeline connected between the secondary cleaning sub-bin bottom cover and the air inlet valve, and a fifth communicating valve is arranged on the fifth communicating pipe;
the top cover of the primary cleaning sub-bin is also communicated with a high-pressure flushing water pipe, and a flushing valve is arranged on the high-pressure flushing water pipe; and a flushing water outlet pipe is communicated with a fourth communicating pipe connected between the air branch pipe and the fourth communicating valve, and a flushing water outlet valve is arranged on the flushing water outlet pipe.
2. A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, further comprising a dust remover, a desulfurization reactor and a chimney, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe, the dust remover, the desulfurization reactor and the chimney are communicated in sequence.
3. The power plant boiler system for preventing the air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, wherein the denitration unit comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid ammonia evaporation tank, a liquid ammonia buffer tank, a mixer, a dilution fan and a denitration reactor, an outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank, an outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation tank is communicated with an inlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank, both the outlet of the liquid ammonia buffer tank and the dilution fan are communicated with an inlet of the mixer, and an outlet of the mixer is communicated with an inlet of the denitration reactor.
4. A power plant boiler system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked according to claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas pipe and the inlet end of the smoke exhaust pipe, a third pressure sensor and a fourth pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air pipe and the hot air pipe, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are all in signal connection with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is respectively in signal connection with an air inlet valve, a first communication valve, a second communication valve, a third communication valve, a fourth communication valve, a fifth communication valve, a flushing water outlet valve, a first pressurizing pump and a second pressurizing pump.
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| CN202210439836.6A CN114857961B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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| CN202210439836.6A CN114857961B (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Power plant boiler system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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| CN111306567A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Hot air positive pressure blowing system for inhibiting blockage of air preheater and working method thereof |
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| CN104338704A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Method and device for cleaning air preheater of coal-fired power plant boiler SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration system online |
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| CN114857961B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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