CN114856542A - Device and method for testing integrity of cement ring under simulated prestress action - Google Patents
Device and method for testing integrity of cement ring under simulated prestress action Download PDFInfo
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- CN114856542A CN114856542A CN202210500234.7A CN202210500234A CN114856542A CN 114856542 A CN114856542 A CN 114856542A CN 202210500234 A CN202210500234 A CN 202210500234A CN 114856542 A CN114856542 A CN 114856542A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011016 integrity testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/005—Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/0426—Threaded with a threaded cylindrical portion, e.g. for percussion rods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A device and a method for testing the integrity of a cement ring under the action of simulated prestress are characterized in that the device comprises a pressure-bearing cavity, an inner blind pipe, an annular space, an outer sleeve, a heating sleeve, a first screw, a second screw, a first nut, a boosting bearing, a square rod, a stress sensor, a rubber gasket, a circular plate, a gasket, a second nut, a pressure control system, a first through hole, an annular groove, a circular groove, a second through hole, a first male thread, a second male thread, a third male thread and a cement ring; the device and the method can simulate the integrity of the cement sheath under the prestress action under the real working condition, test the interface bonding strength of the cement sheath, and establish the quantitative relation between the prestress and the interface bonding strength of the cement sheath based on the interface bonding strength of the cement sheath. The invention is suitable for the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling and production engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling and production engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the integrity of a cement ring under the action of simulated prestress.
Background
Chinese heavy oil resources are widely distributed and account for about 25-30% of total petroleum resources, while the resource amount of individual oil fields accounts for a higher proportion, and heavy oil production becomes the most important component in the yield. In thick oil exploitation of various oil fields at home and abroad, steam huff and puff and steam flooding technologies are generally adopted. The steam stimulation technology is that high-temperature high-pressure steam (generally 300-360 ℃ and 10-15 MPa) is injected into a well, heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out for a certain time (called as 'well stewing'), and the thickened oil is diluted and then is exploited. Compared with the conventional thin oil exploitation mode, one of the main problems discovered in the thick oil field development is that the casing generates higher thermal stress and has a certain elongation due to high temperature, meanwhile, the well cementation casing is sealed by a cement sheath to limit the free elongation of the casing, and under the action of multiple thermal cycles, the shearing and cementing strength of the casing and the cement sheath interface fails, so that the casing becomes a complete free section, and the wellhead lifting is aggravated.
Prestress is one of the main ways to solve the wellhead lifting, and the mechanism is to apply a certain pretension to the casing string in the well before or after cementing, and to solidify cement slurry under the condition of applying prestress. Because prestress is applied to the casing in advance, the casing generates certain pre-extension, the casing extension caused by thermal stress during steam injection can be reduced or counteracted, the casing and the cement sheath are prevented from being sheared and cemented to lose efficacy, and the oil well is protected, so that the service life is prolonged. However, the mechanism and law of influence of prestress on the integrity of the cement sheath, especially the shear bond strength of the cement sheath interface, are not clear, and the main reasons are as follows: 1) the shear bond strength of the cement sheath interface is difficult to test when the prestress action exists; 2) and a device and a method for testing the integrity of a cement ring under the action of prestress by real simulation are lacked.
Therefore, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the integrity of the cement sheath under the simulated prestress action aiming at the technical problem that the influence rule of the prestress on the integrity of the cement sheath is difficult to accurately analyze at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing integrity of a cement ring under the simulated prestress action, which are used for solving the technical problem of quantitative evaluation of the relation between the shearing and cementing strength of a cement ring interface and the prestress while keeping the integrity of the testing device, and are simple to use and low in cost.
The invention provides a device and a method for testing integrity of a cement ring under the action of simulated prestress, which are characterized by comprising a pressure-bearing chamber, an inner blind pipe, an annulus, an outer sleeve, a heating sleeve, a first screw, a second screw, a first nut, a boosting bearing, a square rod, a stress sensor, a rubber gasket, a circular plate, a gasket, a second nut, a pressure control system, a first through hole, a ring groove, a circular groove, a second through hole, a first male thread, a second male thread, a third male thread and a cement ring, wherein the inner blind pipe is arranged in the pressure-bearing chamber; the circular plate comprises a first through hole, a circular groove and a circular groove, and the circular groove, the circular groove and the circular groove are respectively used for fixing the inner blind pipe, the outer sleeve and the first screw; the inner blind pipe welded with the second screw penetrates through the rubber gasket, the first through hole and the gasket in sequence and is finally connected with the second nut through a second male thread, a pressure control system externally connected with the inner blind pipe is used for loading and unloading the pressure of the pressure-bearing cavity to simulate the actual pressure in the well, the rubber gasket is used for sealing the annular space to avoid leakage of cement when the annular space is used for maintaining a cement ring, and the gasket is used for protecting the second nut; the annular space for curing cement to form a cement sheath consists of an inner blind pipe, an outer sleeve pipe, a rubber gasket and a circular plate, wherein the outer sleeve pipe is seated in the annular groove to prevent the outer sleeve pipe and the inner blind pipe from being eccentric; the heating sleeve externally connected with the temperature control system is wrapped on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and used for simulating the actual underground temperature; after the first screw rod is connected with the square rod with the second through hole through the third male thread, the square rod is inserted out of the second screw rod through the second through hole, and the first screw rod is fixed in the circular groove; the boosting bearing is inserted outside the second screw and finally placed on the square rod to avoid direct contact between the square rod and the first nut; the first nut is connected with the inner blind pipe welded with the second screw rod through the first male thread, the inner blind pipe welded with the second screw rod bears an axial load which is pulled upwards by screwing the first nut, the simulation of prestress and the test of interface shear bond strength are realized, and the stress sensor is used for detecting the axial load of the inner blind pipe.
Based on a device for testing the integrity of a cement ring under the simulated prestress action, a method for testing the integrity of the cement ring under the simulated prestress action is provided, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screwing the first nut to apply an upward-pulling axial load F to the inner blind pipe welded with the second screw 1 And recording the axial load F by means of a stress sensor 1 The size of (d);
step two: preparing a cement paste system according to actual requirements on site, pouring cement paste into the annulus, starting a heating sleeve to heat to a simulation temperature, starting a pressure control system, loading the pressure of a pressure-bearing cavity to a simulation pressure, and curing to form a cement sheath;
step three: after the maintenance is finished, the heating sleeve and the pressure control system are controlled to realize the loading and unloading of the alternating temperature/pressure according to the experimental requirements;
step four: after the pressure in the pressure-bearing chamber 1 is unloaded through a pressure control system, the second nut is unscrewed, and the gasket is taken down;
step five: screwing the first nut until the inner blind pipe is separated from the cement sheath interface, and recording the maximum axial load F in the process through the stress sensor 2 ；
Step six: calculating the prestress F 1 The shear bond strength of the cement sheath interface under the action is sigma b ＝F 2 -F 1 。
Step seven: by screwing the first nut to form different axial loads F 1 Repeating the first step to the sixth step to obtain the axial load F 1 Shear bond strength sigma of cement sheath interface b The quantitative relationship of (1).
The invention has the following advantages:
the method can accurately obtain the prestress of the inner blind pipe, and test the integrity of the cement sheath under the prestress action by combining the shearing and cementing strength of the cement sheath interface; the testing method is simple, and the loading of prestress and the testing of the shearing and cementing strength of the cement sheath interface can be realized only by screwing the second nut; the test result can provide an important theoretical basis for the integrity of a cement sheath for heavy oil thermal recovery and the optimization design of a well cementation project.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cement ring integrity testing device under the action of prestress.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cement sheath integrity testing apparatus after pre-stressing.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a device and a method for testing integrity of a cement ring under the action of simulated prestress, which are characterized by comprising a pressure-bearing chamber 1, an inner blind pipe 2, an annular space 3, an outer sleeve 4, a heating sleeve 5, a first screw 6, a second screw 7, a first nut 8, a boosting bearing 9, a square rod 10, a stress sensor 11, a rubber gasket 12, a circular plate 13, a gasket 14, a second nut 15, a pressure control system 16, a first through hole 17, a circular groove 18, a circular groove 19, a second through hole 20, a first male thread 21, a second male thread 22, a third male thread 23 and a cement ring 24, wherein the pressure-bearing chamber is provided with a pressure-bearing cavity; the circular plate 13 comprises a first through hole 17, a circular groove 18 and a circular groove 19 which are respectively used for fixing the inner blind pipe 2, the outer sleeve 4 and the first screw 6; the inner blind pipe 2 welded with the second screw 7 sequentially penetrates through the rubber gasket 12, the first through hole 17 and the gasket 14 and is finally connected with the second nut 15 through the second male thread 22, the pressure control system 16 externally connected with the inner blind pipe 2 is used for loading and unloading the pressure of the pressure-bearing chamber 1 to simulate the actual underground pressure, the rubber gasket 12 is used for sealing the annular space 3 to avoid cement leakage when the annular space 3 is used for maintaining the cement ring 24, and the gasket 14 is used for protecting the second nut 15; the annular space 3 for curing cement to form a cement sheath 24 consists of an inner blind pipe 2, an outer sleeve 4, a rubber gasket 12 and a circular plate 13, wherein the outer sleeve 4 is seated in the annular groove 18 to prevent the outer sleeve 4 and the inner blind pipe 2 from being eccentric; the heating sleeve 5 externally connected with the temperature control system is wrapped on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 4 and used for simulating the actual underground temperature; after the first screw rod 6 is connected with the square rod 10 with the second through hole 20 through the third male thread 23, the square rod 10 is inserted out of the second screw rod 7 through the second through hole 20, and the first screw rod 6 is fixed in the circular groove 19; the boosting bearing 9 is inserted outside the second screw 7 and finally placed on the square rod 10 to avoid direct contact between the square rod 10 and the first nut 8; the first nut 8 is connected with the inner blind pipe 2 welded with the second screw 7 through the first male thread 21, the inner blind pipe 2 welded with the second screw 7 bears an upward-pulling axial load by screwing the first nut 8, the simulation of prestress and the test of interface shear cementation strength are realized, and the stress sensor 11 is used for detecting the axial load of the inner blind pipe 2.
Based on a device for testing the integrity of a cement ring under the simulated prestress action, a method for testing the integrity of the cement ring under the simulated prestress action is provided, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screwing the first nut 8 to apply an upward-pulling axial load F to the inner blind pipe 2 welded with the second screw 7 1 And recording the axial load F by means of a stress sensor 11 1 The size of (d);
step two: preparing a cement paste system according to actual requirements on site, pouring cement paste into the annulus 3, starting the heating sleeve 5 to heat to a simulated temperature, starting the pressure control system 16, loading the pressure of the pressure-bearing cavity 1 to a simulated pressure, and curing to form a cement sheath 24;
step three: after the maintenance is finished, the heating sleeve 5 and the pressure control system 6 are controlled to realize the loading and unloading of the alternating temperature/pressure according to the experimental requirements;
step four: after the pressure in the pressure-bearing chamber 1 is unloaded through the pressure control system 16, the second nut 15 is unscrewed, and the gasket 14 is removed;
step five: screwing the first nut 8 until the interface of the inner blind pipe 2 and the cement sheath 24 is separated, and recording the maximum axial load F in the process through the stress sensor 11 2 ；
Step six: calculating the prestress F 1 The shear bond strength of the cement sheath interface under the action is sigma b ＝F 2 -F 1 。
Step seven: by screwing the first nut 8 to create different axial loads F 1 Repeating the first step to the sixth step to obtain the axial load F 1 Shear bond strength sigma of cement sheath interface b The quantitative relationship of (1).
Claims (2)
1. A device and a method for testing integrity of a cement ring under the effect of simulated prestress are characterized by comprising a pressure-bearing chamber (1), an inner blind pipe (2), an annular space (3), an outer sleeve (4), a heating sleeve (5), a first screw (6), a second screw (7), a first nut (8), a boosting bearing (9), a square rod (10), a stress sensor (11), a rubber gasket (12), a circular plate (13), a gasket (14), a second nut (15), a pressure control system (16), a first through hole (17), a ring groove (18), a circular groove (19), a second through hole (20), a first male thread (21), a second male thread (22), a third male thread (23) and a cement ring (24); the circular plate (13) comprises a first through hole (17), a ring groove (18) and a circular groove (19) which are respectively used for fixing the inner blind pipe (2), the outer sleeve (4) and the first screw (6); the inner blind pipe (2) welded with the second screw (7) sequentially penetrates through the rubber gasket (12), the first through hole (17) and the gasket (14) and is finally connected with the second nut (15) through the second male thread (22), a pressure control system (16) externally connected with the inner blind pipe (2) is used for loading and unloading the pressure of the pressure bearing chamber (1) to simulate the actual underground pressure, the rubber gasket (12) is used for sealing the annular space (3) to avoid cement leakage when the annular space (3) is used for maintaining the cement ring (24), and the gasket (14) is used for protecting the second nut (5); the annular space (3) for curing cement to form a cement sheath (24) consists of an inner blind pipe (2), an outer sleeve (4), a rubber gasket (12) and a circular plate (13), wherein the outer sleeve (4) is seated in the annular groove (18) to prevent the outer sleeve (4) and the inner blind pipe (2) from being eccentric; a heating sleeve (5) externally connected with a temperature control system is wrapped on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (4) and used for simulating the actual underground temperature; after the first screw rod (6) is connected with the square rod (10) with the second through hole (20) through the third male thread (23), the square rod (10) is inserted out of the second screw rod (7) through the second through hole (20), and the first screw rod (6) is fixed in the circular groove (19); the boosting bearing (9) is inserted outside the second screw (7) and finally placed on the square rod (10) to avoid direct contact between the square rod (10) and the first nut (8); the first nut (8) is connected with the inner blind pipe (2) welded with the second screw (7) through the first male thread (21), the inner blind pipe (2) welded with the second screw (7) bears an axial load which is pulled upwards by screwing the first nut (8), the simulation of prestress and the test of interface cementation strength are realized, and the stress sensor (11) is used for detecting the axial load of the inner blind pipe (2).
2. The device for simulating the integrity of the cement ring under prestress according to claim 1, wherein the testing method of the device for simulating the integrity of the cement ring under prestress comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screwing the first nut (8) to apply an upward-pulling axial load F to the inner blind pipe (2) welded with the second screw (7) 1 And recording the axial load F by means of a stress sensor (11) 1 The size of (d);
step two: preparing a cement paste system according to actual requirements on site, pouring cement paste into the annulus (3), starting the heating sleeve (5) to heat to a simulated temperature, starting the pressure control system (16), loading the pressure of the pressure-bearing cavity (1) to a simulated pressure, and curing to form a cement sheath (24);
step three: after the maintenance is finished, the heating sleeve (5) and the pressure control system (16) are controlled to realize the loading and unloading of the alternating temperature/pressure according to the experimental requirements;
step four: after the pressure in the pressure-bearing chamber (1) is unloaded through a pressure control system (16), a second nut (15) is unscrewed, and the gasket (14) is removed;
step five: screwing the first nut (8) until the inner blind pipe (2) is separated from the interface of the cement sheath (24), and recording the maximum axial load F in the process through the stress sensor (11) 2 ；
Step six: calculating the prestress F 1 The cementing strength of the cement sheath interface under the action is sigma b ＝F 2 -F 1 。
Step seven: by screwing the first nut (8) different axial loads F are formed 1 Repeating the first step to the sixth step to obtain the axial load F 1 Bonding strength sigma to cement sheath interface b The quantitative relationship of (1).
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