CN114856221A - Construction method for controlling and measuring building - Google Patents

Construction method for controlling and measuring building Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114856221A
CN114856221A CN202210440763.2A CN202210440763A CN114856221A CN 114856221 A CN114856221 A CN 114856221A CN 202210440763 A CN202210440763 A CN 202210440763A CN 114856221 A CN114856221 A CN 114856221A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
building
control point
constructed
elevation
measuring
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Pending
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CN202210440763.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张伟
章军
张耀林
古承城
纪宏喜
徐新教
时博
何家辉
张霈
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Cscec Science & Engineering Group Wuhan Co ltd
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Cscec Science & Engineering Group Wuhan Co ltd
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Application filed by Cscec Science & Engineering Group Wuhan Co ltd filed Critical Cscec Science & Engineering Group Wuhan Co ltd
Priority to CN202210440763.2A priority Critical patent/CN114856221A/en
Publication of CN114856221A publication Critical patent/CN114856221A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18Adjusting tools; Templates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for controlling measurement for buildings, which comprises the following steps: s100, determining a region to be constructed; s200, determining a primary control network, wherein the primary control network comprises at least two ground control points and at least two vertical surface control points; wherein, step S200 includes the following steps: determining a ground control point of a region to be constructed; determining buildings around a to-be-constructed area, and determining vertical surface control points at the high positions of different buildings respectively; measuring the coordinates of the vertical surface control points by taking the ground control points as reference points; s300, finishing plane lofting on the floor by utilizing the ground control point and/or the vertical control point. The building of each floor is completed in the coordinate system even if different vertical face control points are selected, so that the plane lofting of each floor is consistent, and accurate building of wall boards and wall columns is further guaranteed.

Description

Construction method for controlling and measuring building
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a control and measurement construction method for buildings.
Background
The engineering control measurement means that the plane positions and elevations of a series of control points are measured within the engineering construction range according to the precision required by design or specification and are used as the basis of measurement lofting.
In the related art, the stringing holes are commonly used for transmitting control points in the building engineering, namely, when each floor is constructed, one stringing hole is reserved in the floor. However, the arrangement of the pay-off holes of each floor has a certain precision risk, and if a high-rise building is built, errors of multiple floors are superposed together, so that the error of a control point at a high position is larger than that of a control point at a low position, and the construction precision of the wall plate and the wall column is reduced; in addition, the arrangement of the pay-off holes and the blocking of the pay-off holes improve the working strength and the engineering cost of constructors, and quality risks exist at the hole to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a construction control and measurement method for buildings, which is convenient for the construction of buildings.
The invention also provides a construction method for the building.
The construction method for controlling and measuring the building according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s100, determining a region to be constructed;
s200, determining a primary control network, wherein the primary control network comprises at least two ground control points and at least two vertical surface control points; wherein, step S200 includes the following steps:
determining a ground control point of a region to be constructed;
determining buildings around a to-be-constructed area, and determining vertical surface control points at the high positions of different buildings respectively;
measuring the coordinates of the vertical surface control points by taking the ground control points as reference points;
s300, finishing plane lofting on the floor by utilizing the ground control point and/or the vertical control point.
The construction method for controlling and measuring the building, provided by the embodiment of the invention, has at least the following beneficial effects: in the scheme of the application, the surrounding buildings of the area to be constructed are utilized, and the vertical surface control points are arranged on the surrounding buildings. The vertical face control points are arranged on the outer side of the area to be constructed and have a certain height, and the height of each vertical face control point is approximately one half of the height of the building to be constructed (the building which is not constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as the building to be constructed), so that when the building of the area to be constructed is constructed, a constructor can use the vertical face control points to perform plane lofting on a floor slab, and then construct a wallboard and a floor column on the floor slab. It is thus clear that, compare in the transmission that adopts the unwrapping wire hole to carry out the control point among the prior art, this application scheme adopts the facade control point to carry out the plane loft, and the error of plane loft is less to it is more convenient to operate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the building to be constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as a proposed building, and at least four elevation control points are arranged and are respectively positioned on the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the proposed building.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in the process of step S200, buildings around the area to be constructed are obtained by aerial photography, and buildings that can be used for setting the facade control points are selected.
According to some embodiments of the invention, alternate buildings are surveyed on-site, and the building actually used to set the facade control points is selected.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the facade control points are provided with a universal prism; in the step S300, the total station is built at the corner of the floor slab, and the coordinates of the floor slab are measured by the total station, and the plane lofting is carried out.
According to some embodiments of the invention, further comprising the steps of: and performing elevation rechecking on the built building and performing elevation lofting on the building to be built by utilizing the ground control point and/or the vertical control point.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the building to be constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as a proposed building, the distance between the elevation control point and the proposed building is at least above h/2, the height of the elevation control point is between 0.4h and 0.6h, and h is the height of the proposed building.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the building which is not constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as a proposed building, and the degree of visibility between the elevation control point and the proposed building is not less than 2/3.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
and (5) carrying out construction of the wallboard and the building column according to the plane lofting.
According to some embodiments of the invention, further comprising the steps of: and rechecking the building construction by taking the vertical face control point as a detection reference point.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for determining a top-level control network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the distribution of buildings around a region to be constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position arrangement of the control points of the elevation between the proposed building and the building according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a region to be constructed 100;
building 200, facade control point 210;
a building 300 is proposed.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the invention discloses a construction control and measurement method for buildings, which comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
s100, determining a to-be-constructed area 100;
s200, determining a primary control network, wherein the primary control network comprises at least two ground control points and at least two vertical surface control points 210; wherein, step S200 includes the following steps:
s210, determining a ground control point of the area to be constructed 100;
s220, determining buildings 200 around the area 100 to be constructed, and determining elevation control points 210 at the high positions of different buildings 200 respectively;
s230, measuring the coordinates of the facade control point 210 by taking the ground control point as a reference point;
s300 completes the floor lofting using the ground control point and/or the facade control point 210.
Specifically, a first-level control network of the area to be constructed 100 is determined, where the first-level control network includes a ground control point and an elevation control point 210, the ground control point is a reference control point (the ground control point is generally provided by a ground producer), and coordinates of the elevation control point 210 are obtained by measuring with the ground control point. When the construction of the wall plate and the wall column is carried out on the floor slab, firstly, a constructor takes the vertical control point 210 and/or the ground control point as a lofting reference control point, so as to carry out plane lofting on the floor of the floor slab, namely, the building positions of the wall plate and the wall column are determined; and then, the constructor builds the wallboard and the building column on the floor according to the plane lofting.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the buildings 200 around the area to be constructed 100 are used, and the facade control points 210 are installed on the surrounding buildings 200. The elevation control point 210 is disposed outside the area to be constructed 100 and has a certain height, and the height of the elevation control point 210 is approximately half of the height of the proposed building 300 (the building not constructed in the area to be constructed 100 is defined as the proposed building 300), so that when the building of the area to be constructed 100 is constructed, a constructor can use the elevation control point 210 to perform plane lofting on a floor slab, thereby constructing a wallboard and a building column on the floor slab. It is thus clear that, compare in the transmission that adopts the unwrapping wire hole to carry out the control point among the prior art, this application scheme adopts facade control point 210 to carry out the plane loft, and the error of plane loft is less to it is more convenient to operate.
It should be noted that the coordinates of each elevation control point 210 are measured using the ground control point as a reference point, and the ground control point and the elevation control point 210 are in the same coordinate system, so that the lofting is performed in the coordinate system regardless of whether the plane lofting is performed using the ground control point or the elevation control point 210 as a reference. Therefore, building of each floor is completed in the coordinate system even if different vertical control points 210 are selected, so that the plane lofting of each floor is consistent, and accurate building of wall boards and wall columns is guaranteed.
It can be understood that the facade control point 210 has the advantages of being arranged outside the to-be-constructed area 100, being arranged at a high position, and the like, and therefore, the facade control point 210 can be provided for a detection unit to use. When a building is constructed, the construction unit can perform detection of the construction according to the facade control point 210 provided in the scheme of the application. The specific operation method comprises the following steps: the ground point is used as a reference point, the position with better visibility is used as a working base point, a monitoring instrument is erected on the working base point, and the detection instrument is connected to automatic monitoring software, so that a monitoring system is formed, and the monitoring system monitors the building construction by taking the vertical surface control point 210 as a reference control point.
In order to be able to measure the coordinates of the facade control points 210 and to use the positions of the facade control points 210 for plane lofting, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the facade control points 210 are provided with gimbaled prisms. Specifically, firstly, a total station is built on a ground control point, and the positions of other ground control points are measured; then, the total station set up at the ground control point takes the ground control point as a known control point, and the coordinates of the elevation control point 210 are obtained through measurement; and finally, when building the wall board and the wall column on the floor slab, a constructor builds the total station on the floor slab, performs plane lofting according to the elevation control point 210 or the ground control point, namely determines the building positions of the wall board and the wall column, and builds the wall board and the wall column on the floor slab according to the plane lofting.
Further, the total station is built at the corner of the floor, so that the total station can observe the building 200 around the area to be constructed 100 to a greater extent, thereby better observing the facade control points 210 arranged on the building 200. The constructor selects three most suitable vertical surface control points 210, wherein two vertical surface control points 210 are used for plane lofting, and the other vertical surface control point 210 is matched with the control point to check the plane lofting, so that the accuracy of the plane lofting is detected.
In some embodiments, at least four elevation control points 210 are provided, the four elevation control points 210 are located around the area to be constructed 100, that is, located on the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the area to be constructed 100, and no matter whether the total station is built at any corner, two of the elevation control points 210 can be observed, so that the requirement of plane lofting can be met.
In some embodiments, the construction method for controlling measurement for building further comprises the following steps: the total station rechecks the elevation of the built building through the elevation control point 210, so as to judge whether the height of the constructed building reaches the standard or not; in addition, the total station carries out elevation lofting through facade control point 210, so, when wallboard and wall column are under construction, can build to suitable height.
For the selection of the building 200 for setting the facade control point 210, in some embodiments, the buildings 200 around the area to be constructed 100 are obtained by an aerial photography mode, a plurality of buildings 200 located around the area to be constructed 100 are selected according to the characteristics of the height, the position and the like of the buildings 200, and the selected buildings 200 are alternative buildings for setting the facade control point 210; then, a site survey is conducted on the above-screened buildings 200, thereby selecting a building 200 from which the facade control point 210 is more suitably located. Through the above mode, the suitable building 200 is screened, on the premise that the suitable building 200 is screened, the screening of the building 200 is convenient, the working efficiency of workers is improved, and the labor force of the workers is reduced.
Further, when the building 200 is selected, the distance between the building 200 and the area 100 to be constructed is at least h/2 or more, wherein h is the height of the building 300 to be constructed (the building in the area 100 to be constructed is defined as the building 300 to be constructed). Therefore, the distance between the control point and the area to be constructed 100 is far enough, the visibility between the elevation control point 210 and the proposed building 300 is good, and the elevation control point 210 can be observed by a total station built on the floor slab, so that plane lofting and elevation lofting are completed on the floor slab.
For the selection of the elevation of facade control point 210, the elevation of facade control point 210 is between 0.4h and 0.6 h. Specifically, the height of the elevation control point 210 is more than 0.4h, so that the elevation control point 210 is higher, the visibility between the elevation control point 210 and the proposed building 300 is better, and a total station built on a floor slab can observe the elevation control point 210, so that plane lofting and elevation lofting are completed on the floor slab; the height of the elevation control point 210 is less than 0.6h, so that when the total station is set up at a lower position relative to the elevation control point 210, the setting position of the elevation control point 210 is not too high, and the total station can clearly observe the elevation control point 210.
Further, when the height of the vertical surface control point 210 is selected, the degree of visibility between the vertical surface control point 210 and the proposed building 300 is not less than 2/3, that is, the proposed building 300 is divided into three parts from bottom to top, and the three parts are a first part, a second part and a third part, respectively, and at least the second part and the third part of the proposed building 300 can be observed by taking the vertical surface control point 210 as an observation point. When constructing a first part of a building to be planned, a constructor may perform level lofting and elevation lofting using the ground control points, and when constructing a second part and a third part of the building to be planned, the constructor may perform level lofting and elevation lofting using the elevation control points 210.
In some embodiments, when each floor of building 300 is to be built, the method further comprises the following steps: by adopting the control measurement construction method for the building, the plane lofting and the elevation lofting of the floor are measured; and according to the plane lofting, building the wallboard and the wall column at proper positions on the floor slab, and building the wallboard and the wall column to proper heights according to the elevation lofting. The construction method adopts the control and measurement system, so that the accuracy of plane lofting and elevation lofting is guaranteed, and the convenience of plane lofting and elevation lofting is guaranteed, so that the building effect of the proposed building 300 is improved, and the construction quality of the proposed building 300 is guaranteed.
Further, the construction method for the building also comprises the following steps: and taking the vertical surface control point 210 as a detection reference point to carry out rechecking of the building construction. Specifically, the elevation control point 210 has the advantages of being arranged outside the area to be constructed 100, being higher in the arranged position and the like, a construction unit can use the elevation control point 210 as a reference point and adopt corresponding monitoring equipment to monitor the construction conditions at any time, and the situation that serious errors exist in the construction process and subsequent construction is scrapped is avoided.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The construction method for controlling and measuring the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s100, determining a region to be constructed;
s200, determining a primary control network, wherein the primary control network comprises at least two ground control points and at least two vertical surface control points; wherein, step S200 includes the following steps:
determining the ground control point of the area to be constructed;
determining buildings around the area to be constructed, and determining the facade control points at the high positions of different buildings respectively;
measuring the coordinates of the vertical surface control points by taking the ground control points as reference points;
s300, finishing plane lofting on the floor by utilizing the ground control point and/or the vertical control point.
2. The construction control and measurement method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building to be constructed in the construction area is defined as a proposed building, and the vertical control points are at least four and are respectively located at the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the proposed building.
3. The construction method for controlling and measuring building according to claim 1, wherein in step S200, buildings around the area to be constructed are obtained by aerial photography, and a building that can be used for setting the facade control point is selected.
4. The construction method according to claim 3, wherein the candidate buildings are surveyed on site, and the building actually used for setting the control point of the vertical surface is selected.
5. The construction method for controlling and measuring of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the elevation control points are provided with universal prisms; in the step S300, the total station is built at the corner of the floor slab, and the total station is used for measuring the coordinates of the floor slab and carrying out plane lofting.
6. The construction method for controlling and measuring according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and performing elevation rechecking on the built building and performing elevation lofting on the building to be built by utilizing the ground control point and/or the vertical control point.
7. The construction method for controlling and measuring the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building to be constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as a proposed building, the distance between the elevation control point and the proposed building is at least h/2 or more, the height of the elevation control point is between 0.4h and 0.6h, and h is the height of the proposed building.
8. The construction control and measurement method for the building as claimed in claim 7, wherein the building to be constructed in the area to be constructed is defined as a proposed building, and the degree of visibility between the elevation control point and the proposed building is not less than 2/3.
9. The construction method for controlling and measuring the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and constructing the wallboard and the building column according to the plane lofting.
10. The construction method for controlling and measuring according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
and rechecking the building construction by taking the vertical face control point as a detection reference point.
CN202210440763.2A 2022-04-25 2022-04-25 Construction method for controlling and measuring building Pending CN114856221A (en)

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CN116677211A (en) * 2023-06-06 2023-09-01 中国十七冶集团有限公司 Construction method for accurately paying off building facades

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