CN114848661B - 白头翁皂苷提取物在制备治疗自身免疫疾病的药物的应用 - Google Patents
白头翁皂苷提取物在制备治疗自身免疫疾病的药物的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种白头翁皂苷提取物在制备预防治疗自身免疫疾病的药物中的应用,白头翁皂苷组合物包括重量比为3‑9:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5。本发明利用降植烷腹腔注射构建系统性红斑狼疮小鼠模型和类风湿性关节炎小鼠模型,探索白头翁皂苷提取物对系统性红斑狼疮及类风湿性关节炎的防治作用,为治疗自身免疫疾病提供理论依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物技术领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种白头翁皂苷提取物在制备治疗自身免疫疾病的药物的应用。
背景技术
系统性红斑狼疮(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,SLE)和类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA),是典型的自身免疫疾病,累及多器官、多组织,主要特征为产生多种特应性自身抗体、免疫系统异常激活,常伴随凝血、纤溶异常。SLE和RA具体发病因素尚未完全明确,基于目前研究,基因、激素、环境等综合因素的共同作用下,诱导机体抗原累积、自身抗体产生、免疫过度活化,打破免疫平衡,自身耐受功能发生障碍,从而导致器官损伤,发生炎症反应,并伴随着免疫细胞异常。T、B淋巴细胞高度活化被认为是自身免疫性疾病发病的关键因素,主要表现为T、B淋巴细胞功能异常,抗原与自身抗体大量结合生成免疫复合物,沉积在体内脏器组织中进而导致损伤,虽然靶向T、B淋巴细胞等生物制剂为自身免疫疾病的防治带来了新的曙光,但经过临床验证的特异性靶标疗法依然显著缺乏。白头翁皂苷是从毛茛科多年生草本植物白头翁中提取具有药理活性的五环三萜类皂苷,其中白头翁皂苷B4(Anemoside B4,B4)和白头翁皂苷B5(Hederasaponin C,HSC)是其主要有效成分,但关于白头翁皂苷在自身免疫疾病中的防治作用尚不明确。
发明内容
本发明提供一种白头翁皂苷提取物在制备治疗自身免疫疾病的药物的应用,其利用降植烷腹腔注射构建系统性红斑狼疮小鼠模型和类风湿性关节炎小鼠模型,探索白头翁皂苷提取物对系统性红斑狼疮及类风湿性关节炎的防治作用,为治疗自身免疫疾病提供理论依据。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了一种白头翁皂苷提取物在制备预防治疗自身免疫疾病的药物中的应用,白头翁皂苷组合物包括重量比为3-9:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5。
优选的是,所述药物含有所述白头翁皂苷组合物和药学上可接受的载体,白头翁皂苷B4、白头翁皂苷B5纯度不低于60%。
优选的是,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
优选的是,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
优选的是,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型。
优选的是,所述剂型包括丸剂、片剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、滴丸、滴剂、喷雾剂、注射剂、混悬液、凝胶剂、栓剂、乳膏剂。
优选的是,所述自身免疫疾病为系统性红斑狼疮。
优选的是,所述自身免疫疾病为类风湿性关节炎。
优选的是,白头翁皂苷组合物的给药剂量为不低于0.5mg/kg·d。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
第一、本发明利用降植烷腹腔注射分别构建系统性红斑狼疮(Systemic LupusErythematosus,SLE)小鼠模型和类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)小鼠模型,降植烷诱导的SLE和RA模型小鼠,在发病过程中主要伴随皮肤红斑、凝血异常、自身抗体增加、肾脏炎症损伤及类风湿性关节炎特征,白头翁皂苷提取物各剂量组对SLE和RA具有防治作用,且高剂量最好,白头翁皂苷提取物能够减少自身抗体的产生、缓解皮肤损伤、肾脏损伤、凝血功能异常、改善足肿胀、关节炎等症状,从而达到防治SLE和RA等自身免疫疾病的作用。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明的B4+HSC对SLE小鼠体重的影响;
图2为本发明的B4+HSC对SLE小鼠凝血状态及血流变的影响;
图3为本发明的B4+HSC对SLE小鼠血清自身抗体及总IgG表达量的影响;
图4为本发明的B4+HSC对SLE小鼠肾脏组织损伤的影响;
图5为本发明的B4+HSC对SLE小鼠免疫细胞标志物表达的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解,本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不排除一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
需要说明的是,下述实施方案中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
1材料
1.1实验动物
雌性Balb/c小鼠(购自北京维通利华生物有限公司),8周龄,SPF级,体重(20±2)g,饲养于可控环境中,室温20~24℃、湿度40%~50%,实验期间动物自由进食、饮水,昼夜节律正常。
1.2主要药品和试剂
白头翁皂苷提取物,其中白头翁皂苷B4+白头翁皂苷B5(以下简称B4+HSC)的含量在60%以上,经测试重量比为4:1;白头翁皂苷提取物由实验室提取分离制备;降植烷购自美国Sigma公司;CD4、CD8、CD19、抗dsDNA抗体、抗ANA抗体博奥森生物技术有限公司;CD11b、CD11c、Gr1,CD4、CD8、CD21、CD23、CD80、CD86、CD154抗体购自eBioscience公司。
1.3实验仪器
1/1000精密天平(梅特勒-托利多仪器上海有限公司,型号:ME204E);低温高速离心机(Eppendorf公司,型号:5425R);酶联免疫检测仪(美国BioTek公司,型号:SYNERGYH1)。
2实验方法
2.1降植烷诱导SLE小鼠模型分组与给药
分组:100只小鼠随机分为空白对照组(附图1-5中简述为空白组),SLE模型对照组(附图1-5中简述为模型组)、B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组(附图1-5中简述为白头翁皂苷提取物5mg/kg)、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组(附图1-5中简述为白头翁皂苷提取物10mg/kg)、B4+HSC20mg/kg灌胃组(附图1-5中简述为白头翁皂苷提取物20mg/kg),每组20只。
造模及给药:将SLE模型对照组、B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组的小鼠一次性腹腔注射降植烷0.5mL/只。造模24h后开始给药,B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组灌胃给药相应浓度白头翁皂苷提取物溶液,SLE模型对照组和空白对照组灌胃给予等体积生理盐水,连续给药28周。
2.1.1检测指标
(1)每周记录1次小鼠体重;
(2)4周检测一次尿蛋白;
(3)实验结束后,收集血液检测血常规、尾尖切除观察出血时间、无血小板的血浆样本检测纤维蛋白原含量(Fibrinogen)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT);
(4)血清检测抗dsDNA抗体及总IgG表达水平;
(5)解剖肾脏、脾脏器官,其中一部分固定于4%多聚甲醛中用于HE染色及免疫组化,一部分存放-80℃,待测;未处理小鼠用于无菌环境提取原代脾、肾细胞。
2.2降植烷诱导RA小鼠模型分组与给药
分组:50只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、RA模型对照组、B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组,每组10只。
造模及给药:将RA模型对照组、B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组的小鼠于0周、9周、18周时腹腔注射降植烷0.5mL/只。第一次注射降植烷24h后开始给药,B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组灌胃给药相应浓度白头翁皂苷提取物溶液,RA模型对照组和空白对照组灌胃给予等体积生理盐水,连续给药21周。
2.2.1检测指标
(1)观察小鼠后足足掌厚度变化,对关节炎的肿胀程度进行评分;
(2)HE染色观察滑膜增生及炎症细胞浸润程度;
(3)流式细胞仪检测小鼠脾脏中巨噬细胞、树突细胞、中性粒细胞、T细胞和B细胞的亚群变化。
3白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠的防治作用实验结果
3.1白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠生理体征检测结果
如图1所示,白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠存活率的影响###P<0.001vs空白对照组,***P<0.001vs SLE模型对照组,各组小鼠体重有所增加,SLE模型对照组略高,部分SLE模型对照组小鼠出现腹水现象,小鼠自主活动下降。如表1所示,白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠存活率的影响,SLE模型对照组24周后尿蛋白出现率达到75%以上,且SLE模型对照组小鼠出现死亡,实验结束前存活率为60%。在实验后期,SLE模型对照组小鼠局部体毛脱落,裸露小块皮肤,出现不同程度红斑。而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC20mg/kg灌胃组小鼠无腹水,小鼠自主活动正常。并且B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组尿蛋白出现率低于30%;B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组小鼠存活率提高,且B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组无死亡。同时B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组能够改善小鼠体毛脱落和红斑程度。
表1
3.2白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠凝血状态及血流变的影响
如图2所示,##P<0.01,###P<0.001vs空白对照组,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001vs SLE模型对照组,SLE模型对照组小鼠出现高凝状态,血小板数目(PLT)、聚集率(PAgT)、纤维蛋白原含量(Fibrinogen)均增加,凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、出血时间(BT)均显著增加,血浆粘度(PV)增加。而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组趋近于空白对照组,且B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组效果最显著。
3.3白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠血清自身抗体及总IgG表达量的影响
如图3所示,###P<0.001vs空白对照组,*P<0.05,***P<0.001vs SLE模型对照组,提取小鼠血清,ELISA检测抗dsDNA抗体、抗ANA抗体及总IgG水平。SLE模型组小鼠血清中dsDNA抗体(图3A)、抗ANA抗体(图3B)及总IgG(图3C)表达水平显著升高,而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组能够显著降低小鼠自身抗体及IgG的产生,缓解了降植烷造成的小鼠免疫系统紊乱,且B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组效果最好。
3.4白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠肾脏组织损伤的影响
如图4所示,###P<0.001vs空白对照组,***P<0.001vs SLE模型对照组,免疫组化统计结果提示,SLE小鼠中炎症小体、Collagen-I及α-SMA表达显著升高,而白头翁皂苷提取物组能够显著降低炎症相关因子水平,说明SLE模型对照组小鼠出现肾脏纤维化和炎症损伤,而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组可以减少肾脏炎症、缓解肾纤维化、减轻肾脏损伤。
3.5白头翁皂苷提取物对SLE小鼠免疫细胞标志物表达的影响
如图5所示,###P<0.001vs空白对照组,***P<0.001vs SLE模型对照组,流式检测脾脏细胞发现,SLE模型组小鼠脾脏组织中CD4、CD8表达略有增加,CD19表达量增加相对较多,而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组能够降低CD4、CD8和CD19的表达,说明降植烷诱导的SLE模型免疫系统的紊乱主要体现在免疫相关细胞B淋巴细胞的标志性蛋白的增加,而白头翁皂苷提取物可以改善这种紊乱。
4白头翁皂苷提取物对RA小鼠治疗作用的实验结果
4.1白头翁皂苷对小鼠足肿胀的影响
如表2所示,白头翁皂苷提取物对RA小鼠足掌厚度的影响,###P<0.001vs空白对照组,**P<0.01,***P<0.001vs RA模型对照组,第21周,RA模型对照组小鼠后足足掌厚度及关节肿胀程度增加,胫骨远端骨小梁吸收破坏,累及骨皮质,关节软骨可见坏死脱落、纤维化,呈现出明显的类风湿关节炎病理改变。而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组能够缓解小鼠关节肿胀程度,改善类风湿关节炎病理改变。
表2
4.2白头翁皂苷提取物对小鼠RA相关免疫分子表达的影响
如表3所示,白头翁皂苷提取物对小鼠脾脏中巨噬细胞(CD11b+)、树突状细胞(CD11c+)和中性粒细胞(GR1+)阳性率的影响(%,n=6),###P<0.001vs空白对照组,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001vs RA模型对照组,如表4所示,白头翁皂苷提取物对小鼠脾脏T细胞中CD4、CD8a和CD154表达的影响(%,n=6),###P<0.001vs空白对照组,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001vs RA模型对照组,流式结果发现,RA模型对照组小鼠脾脏中CD11b、CD11c和GR1表达显著增加,提示巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和中性粒细胞亚群数量增加;同时,CD4、CD8、CD154的表达明显升高,而B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC20mg/kg灌胃组能够降低CD11b、CD11c、GR1、CD4、CD8和CD154的表达。说明降植烷可通过调节T细胞引起小鼠关节炎病理改变,而白头翁皂苷提取物通过调节免疫改善降植烷诱导的类风湿关节炎。
表3
表4
4结论
B4+HSC 5mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 10mg/kg灌胃组、B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组对SLE和RA具有防治作用,且B4+HSC 20mg/kg灌胃组最好;降植烷诱导的SLE自身免疫疾病模型小鼠,在发病过程中主要伴随皮肤红斑、凝血异常、自身抗体增加、肾脏炎症损伤。而白头翁皂苷提取物能够减少自身抗体的产生、缓解皮肤损伤、肾脏损伤、凝血功能异常、抑制炎症反应,并且通过调节免疫细胞而发挥防治SLE的作用;降植烷通过调节免疫细胞诱导SA小鼠模型具有类风湿性关节炎特征,足掌变厚、全身关节具有炎症细胞浸润和滑膜增生,最终导致关节软骨和骨质破坏。而白头翁皂苷提取物能够改善足肿胀、关节炎等症状,并且通过调节免疫细胞达到防治RA的作用。以上结果说明,白头翁皂苷提取物对自身免疫疾病如系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎具有防治作用。
这里说明的设备数量和处理规模是用来简化本发明的说明的。对本发明的应用、修改和变化对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。
Claims (6)
1.白头翁皂苷提取物在制备预防治疗自身免疫疾病的药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述自身免疫疾病为系统性红斑狼疮,白头翁皂苷提取物调节免疫细胞,白头翁皂苷提取物包括重量比为4:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5,其中白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5的含量占白头翁皂苷提取物的60%以上。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述剂型包括丸剂、片剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、滴丸、滴剂、喷雾剂、注射剂、混悬液、凝胶剂、栓剂、乳膏剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,白头翁皂苷提取物的给药剂量为不低于0.5mg/kg•d。
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