CN114847298A - 一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂 - Google Patents
一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：噻虫嗪10‑50％、分散剂0.5‑10％、润湿剂0.5‑10％、生物刺激素0.1‑2％、成膜剂1‑5％、增稠剂0.5‑3％、防腐剂1‑3％、防冻剂1‑3％、颜料0.5‑2％、去离子水补足100％；所述的成膜剂为壳聚糖或羧甲基纤维素中的一种或两种；所述的种子处理悬浮剂用于种子处理，防治作物害虫。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，尤其是一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂及其用途。
背景技术
种衣剂是种子包衣的专用产品，种子包衣是在传统浸种、拌种技术上发展起来的一项新技术。种衣剂是一种用于作物或其它植物种子处理的、具有成膜特性的农药制剂。按种衣剂的形态剂型分类，可分为干粉种衣剂、悬浮种衣剂、胶悬型种衣剂、等。其中悬浮种衣剂是先将活性成分与助剂通过湿法研磨配制成一种悬浮分散的体系，然后采用雾化等方式进行包衣。悬浮种衣剂的生产工艺较为简单，并且包衣效果好。目前，我国种衣剂主要以悬浮剂种衣剂的产品为主。
悬浮种衣剂中的活性成分可以是除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂和生长调节剂，也可以是各种复配的混剂。悬浮种衣剂中对活性成分有一定的要求，熔点>70℃，原药为颗粒状；在水中的溶解度较低，一般<200mg/L(20-40℃)；活性成分的化学性质要稳定。悬浮种衣剂的助剂包括润湿剂、分散剂、抗冻剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂、安全剂等。必要时，还要在助剂中添加防霉剂、pH调节剂等助剂。
成膜剂作为种衣剂最关键的非活性成分,直接影响着种衣剂的质量和应用效果。成膜剂包覆于种子表面形成具有透气、吸水的衣膜,使药效缓慢释放而达到防治病虫害的作用。常用的成膜剂有淀粉及其衍生物类、纤维素及其衍生物类、合成高聚物类以及其他天然物质类。由于现在对农药制剂提出高效、安全、环境友好的绿色化要求,一些成膜性能高、生物兼容性好的高分子成膜剂和生物型成膜剂将会受到更多的关注。
噻虫嗪属于第二代新烟碱类杀虫剂，作用机理与吡虫啉等第一代新烟碱类杀虫剂相似，具有很高的活性及安全性。噻虫嗪不仅具有触杀、胃毒、内吸活性，而且具有杀虫谱广、活性高、持效期长等特点，对动物也非常安全，没有致突变、致畸、致肿瘤作用，对有益昆虫也非常安全。在运用过程中，噻虫嗪具有较好的杀虫活性，对同翅目、缨翅目害虫具有很好的防效。目前市场上噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂以30％的悬浮种衣剂为主，在使用过程中发现，其持效期较短，对作物无法起到长期保护，在大田中需要多次喷雾其它施药。此外市场上30％的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂并不具有促进作物生长的功效。因此针对现有技术中的不足，本发明提供一种可以提高作物生长，具有较长持效期的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可以提高作物生长，具有较长持效期的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂，以解决现有技术中存在的持效期短等技术问题。
具体技术方案如下：
一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：噻虫嗪10-50％、分散剂0.5-10％、润湿剂0.5-10％、生物刺激素0.1-2％、成膜剂1-5％、增稠剂0.5-3％、防腐剂1-3％、防冻剂1-3％、颜料0.5-2％、去离子水补足100％；所述的成膜剂为壳聚糖或羧甲基纤维素中的一种或两种。优选的所述的成膜剂为壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素组合，其中壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素的质量配比为1:3-3:1；特别优选壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素的质量配比为1:1。
所述的分散剂为Tersperse2700和YUS-WG5；所述的润湿剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠；所述的生物刺激素为腐殖酸钠和聚谷氨酸；所述的增稠剂为硅酸铝镁和黄原胶；所述的防冻剂为丙二醇；所述的防腐剂为卡松；所述的颜料为玫瑰精。优选的所述的Tersperse2700和YUS-WG5的质量比为5:1-1:1；所述的硅酸铝镁和黄原胶的质量比为20:1-1:1；腐殖酸钠和聚谷氨酸的质量比为1:2-2:1。
一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：噻虫嗪10-50％、Tersperse2700 0.5-5％、YUS-WG5 0.5-5％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5-5％、腐殖酸钠0.1-1％、聚谷氨酸0.1-1％、壳聚糖0.5-3％、羧甲基纤维素0.5-3％、硅酸铝镁0.5-3％、黄原胶0.05-0.5％、丙二醇1-3％、卡松1-3％、玫瑰精0.5-2％、去离子水补足100％。
优选的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量成分：噻虫嗪30％、Tersperse2700 3％、YUS-WG5 1％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1％、腐殖酸钠0.5％、聚谷氨酸0.5％、壳聚糖1.5％、羧甲基纤维素1.5％、硅酸铝镁1％、黄原胶0.2％、丙二醇2.5％、卡松1.2％、玫瑰精0.8％、去离子水补足100％。
本发明提供的噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂用于防治作物害虫的用途，所述的种子处理悬浮剂用于种子处理，所述的作物包括玉米、水稻、小麦、棉花、油菜；所述的害虫包括蚜虫、稻飞虱、蓟马。优选的，用于处理玉米种子，防治玉米蚜虫。
有益技术效果：
1、本发明制备的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂具有较好的持效期，用于种子处理后，可以显著提升是防治效果。2、本发明制备的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂有利于促进作物出苗，提高作物的生长指标。3、种衣剂中最重要的非活性成分为成膜剂,成膜剂的特性影响种衣剂药效的发挥及持效性,本发明选用成膜剂组合壳聚糖+羧甲基纤维素组合不仅有利于提升药剂的防治效果，而且对作物的生长有一定的促进作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明做进一步的解释说明。
实施例1：不同成膜剂选择对室内玉米出苗率和生长性能的影响
试验地点：本公司玻璃温室
试验作物：玉米中单909；
试验试剂：分别将三种成膜剂：壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素和聚乙二醇6000，按照表表1配方制备成30％噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂(配方1-5)；配方6(同配方1；不含成膜剂)；CK1：30％噻虫嗪种子处理悬浮剂(瑞士先正达)；CK2：30％噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂(江苏艾津)。
表1：30％噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂配方
制备方法：按照预先设置的比例先将成膜剂称量后加入一定量的分散剂，混合均匀后，经高剪切混合乳化机剪切，然后加入颜色料，经高速剪切混合乳化机剪切，按照预先计算的物料配比，将原药、分散剂、生物刺激素、增稠剂、溶剂等称量后混合均匀，将浆料移入砂磨机，启动电机，进行砂磨，检测粒径合格后即可出料。参考悬浮种衣剂控制项目指标检测，配方1-5制备均制备获得制剂性能优异的悬浮种衣剂。
试验方法：采用盆栽法,将试验土定量装至盆钵的4/5处,挑选籽粒饱满均一的玉米种子播种,每处理100盆，每盆1颗,采用相同的栽培管理方式进行室内培养。一段时间后进行出苗率调查；并于三叶一心期,随机取10株幼苗,测定玉米生长指标。
试验结果：由表2可知，噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂以制剂用量500mL/100Kg种子处理后，配方4、5中成膜剂(壳聚糖+聚乙二醇6000、或羧甲基纤维素+聚乙二醇6000)均会抑制玉米出苗。配方2与清水对照相比，成膜剂对玉米出苗有一定促进作用；但是配方2、配方3、配方6、CK1、CK2与清水CK各处理之间出苗率无显著差异。与其他配方相比，配方1中选用成膜剂(壳聚糖+羧甲基纤维素组合)可以显著提高玉米出苗率，与其他处理之间具有显著性差异。
表2不同成膜剂噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂对玉米出苗率的影响
注：小写字母不同表示数值差异显著(P<0.05)
由表3可知，噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂以制剂用量500mL/100Kg种子处理后，配方5中成膜剂(羧甲基纤维素+聚乙二醇6000)会抑制玉米生长。与其他配方相比，配方1中选用成膜剂(壳聚糖+羧甲基纤维素组合)可以显著提高玉米生长，具有显著性差异。此外在根长方面，各处理差异不显著。
表3不同成膜剂噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂对玉米幼苗生长指标的影响
注：小写字母不同表示数值差异显著(P<0.05)
实施例2：不同成膜剂选择对防治玉米蚜虫的影响
试验地点：玉米试验田
试验作物：玉米苏玉10号
试验药剂：实施例1中药剂
试验方法：播种前，按照每100kg种子的药量+2L水的比例先将各药剂调成浆状液。将调好的药液与种子充分搅拌混合，使药液均匀分布在种子上，摊开晾干后用于单粒播种。
调查方法：
玉米定苗后15、30、60d各调查1次，共调查3次蚜虫情况。每小区随机取100株玉米，调查记录蚜虫数量。
计算方法：
防效(％)＝(对照区蚜虫数量-处理区蚜虫数量)/对照区蚜虫数量×100。
试验结果：由表4可知，玉米定苗后15d，除配方6外，其它各处理之间防效无显著差异。玉米定苗后30d，配方1对蚜虫的防效为91.4％，与其它处理之间具有显著差异。玉米定苗后60d，配方1对蚜虫的防效为86.6％，与其它处理之间具有显著差异。根据配比1与配方2-5对比发现，成膜剂的选择会对药剂的持效期，产生显著影响，当配方1中采用壳聚糖+羧甲基纤维素复合成膜剂会显著提升噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂的持效期；有利于害虫的高效防治。
表4：不同成膜剂选择对大田玉米蚜虫防效影响
注：小写字母不同表示数值差异显著(P<0.05)
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制。
Claims (8)
1.一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，包含如下重量百分含量成分：噻虫嗪10-50％、分散剂0.5-10％、润湿剂0.5-10％、生物刺激素0.1-2％、成膜剂1-5％、增稠剂0.5-3％、防腐剂1-3％、防冻剂1-3％、颜料0.5-2％、去离子水补足100％；所述的成膜剂为壳聚糖或羧甲基纤维素中的一种或两种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，所述的成膜剂为壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素组合，其中壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素的质量配比为1:3-3:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，所述的分散剂为Tersperse2700和YUS-WG5；所述的润湿剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠；所述的生物刺激素为腐殖酸钠和聚谷氨酸；所述的增稠剂为硅酸铝镁和黄原胶；所述的防冻剂为丙二醇；所述的防腐剂为卡松；所述的颜料为玫瑰精。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，所述的Tersperse2700和YUS-WG5的质量比为5:1-1:1；所述的硅酸铝镁和黄原胶的质量比为20:1-1:1。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，噻虫嗪10-50％、Tersperse2700 0.5-5％、YUS-WG5 0.5-5％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5-5％、腐殖酸钠0.1-1％、聚谷氨酸0.1-1％、壳聚糖0.5-3％、羧甲基纤维素0.5-3％、硅酸铝镁0.5-3％、黄原胶0.05-0.5％、丙二醇1-3％、卡松1-3％、玫瑰精0.5-2％、去离子水补足100％。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种包含噻虫嗪的种子处理悬浮剂，其特征在于，噻虫嗪30％、Tersperse2700 3％、YUS-WG5 1％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1％、腐殖酸钠0.5％、聚谷氨酸0.5％、壳聚糖1.5％、羧甲基纤维素1.5％、硅酸铝镁1％、黄原胶0.2％、丙二醇2.5％、卡松1.2％、玫瑰精0.8％、去离子水补足100％。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的种子处理悬浮剂用于防治作物害虫的用途，其特征在于，所述的种子处理悬浮剂用于种子处理，所述的作物包括玉米、水稻、小麦、棉花、油菜；所述的害虫包括蚜虫、稻飞虱、蓟马。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，用于处理玉米种子，防治玉米蚜虫。
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