CN114847098B - Regulation and control method for improving yield of mugwort in more than one year - Google Patents

Regulation and control method for improving yield of mugwort in more than one year Download PDF

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CN114847098B
CN114847098B CN202210726090.7A CN202210726090A CN114847098B CN 114847098 B CN114847098 B CN 114847098B CN 202210726090 A CN202210726090 A CN 202210726090A CN 114847098 B CN114847098 B CN 114847098B
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mugwort
emergence
seedling
chlorine dioxide
growth
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CN114847098A (en
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赵丰兰
金纪芝
徐丽
盛玮
薛涛
段永波
薛建平
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Huaibei Normal University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01PBIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00Plant growth regulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a regulating and controlling method for improving the yield of mugwort in more than one year, which takes a root-shaped stem as a starting material, irrigates 1 time of seedling promoting liquid to the root-shaped stem before emergence of the first stubble in spring or residual stems after subsequent mugwort harvesting, respectively sprays growth promoting liquid to blades in 2 weeks and 6 weeks of emergence, and respectively sprays for 2 times continuously. According to the invention, through simple agronomic measures, the chlorine dioxide solution with specific concentration is used for irrigating to promote the seedling emergence of the mugwort rhizomes, promote the growth and elongation of the rhizomes, shorten the seedling emergence time and improve the seedling emergence quality; and spraying a mixed solution of chlorine dioxide and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate in seedling stage and adult stage to regulate plant growth, promote plant growth, increase leaf area, increase chlorophyll content, increase biomass, remarkably reduce leaf withering condition at lower part, and increase leaf harvest yield.

Description

Regulation and control method for improving yield of mugwort in more than one year
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant production, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling the yield of mugwort in one year.
Background
Chinese mugwort herbArtemisia argyiLevl et Van) is perennial herb or semi-shrub plant of Artemisia of Compositae, is rich in volatile oil and flavonoid, and has effects of warming channel, eliminating dampness, dispelling cold, stopping bleeding, inhibiting bacteria, resisting insect, and resisting oxidation. In addition to medicinal use, recent researches have found that mugwort leaf and Ai Gan have important application value in the fields of food, health care, cosmetics, livestock and the like. The wide application of the Chinese mugwort leaf tea enables the domestic mugwort leaf tea leaves to have the requirement of 4.5-5 ten thousand tons in 2017 and the requirement of more than 8 ten thousand tons in 2021. Although the mugwort industry has developed rapidly in the last 10 years, current scattered farmer planting occupies a relatively large weight. The standard planting regulations of the mugwort are not perfect, the production enthusiasm of farmers is seriously influenced by market quotation development, and certain hidden trouble is brought to the safe production of the mugwort. Therefore, the method for ensuring high and stable yield is significant for the development of the mugwort industry.
Ai Caoshi has strong stress, has no strict requirement on the growth environment, and is usually wild in the roadside wild land. In China, mugwort is spread over other provinces except extremely arid and alpine regions. Under the condition of artificial cultivation, harvesting can be performed about 2 months from the emergence of seedlings, namely about 3 stubbles are harvested each year before and after the noon festival, about 7 months in the middle and late ten days and before and after the national celebration festival. In regions with proper climate in the south, 1 stubble of rice can be harvested before winter. In the artificial cultivation, the rhizomes are mostly used as the starting materials, the cultivation is horizontally carried out before and after 11 months in the previous year, the germination and emergence of seedlings are carried out in 3 months in the next year, and the survival rate is high. However, after the previous crop is harvested, the moxa can emerge through residual stalk axillary buds, and can also grow from underground rhizomes to emerge, the emergence time is inconsistent, and the uniformity is poor. When the plants grow to about 1 month, the lower leaves start to dry and fall seriously, and leaves with the height of about 50 and cm from the ground at the lower part are left for 2 months, so that the harvest quantity of the leaves is seriously reduced. In order to avoid the lower leaf from falling, in actual cultivation production, harvesting is carried out when the height is 1.5 and m is even lower, and the yield and the content of active ingredients such as volatile oil at the moment do not reach the optimal level. This has become a bottleneck problem in mugwort production, and therefore, improving mugwort emergence uniformity, reducing lower leaf drop can help the efficient production of mugwort.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a regulating and controlling method for improving the yield of mugwort in one year, which promotes the increase of leaves, improves the chlorophyll content, effectively eases the falling of the lower leaves, improves the leaf-stem ratio, increases the biomass and improves the harvest yield.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is characterized in that: the root-shaped stems are used as starting materials, 1 seedling promoting liquid is respectively irrigated to the root-shaped stems before emergence of first seedlings in spring or the residual stems after subsequent harvesting of mugwort, and the seedling promoting liquid is 25-150 mug/L chlorine dioxide aqueous solution.
The Ai Caobao includes mugwort, wormwood.
Further, respectively spraying growth promoting liquid to the leaves at the time of 2 weeks and 6 weeks of seedling emergence, wherein each spraying is carried out continuously for 2 days; the growth promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of 1-50 mug/L chlorine dioxide and 0.3 per mill sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate.
According to the invention, the seedling emergence of the mugwort rhizome is promoted by irrigating with the chlorine dioxide solution with specific concentration, the growth and elongation of the rhizome are promoted, the seedling emergence time is shortened, and the seedling emergence quality is improved; and spraying a mixed solution of chlorine dioxide and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate in seedling stage and adult stage to regulate plant growth, promote plant growth, increase leaf area, increase chlorophyll content, increase biomass, remarkably reduce leaf withering condition at lower part, and increase leaf harvest yield. The used reagent has extremely low working concentration, low price and no environmental safety risk, and can effectively solve the problems that seedlings are not uniform after the previous crop is harvested and the lower blade is withered and falls to reduce the harvest yield in the current production of the mugwort. The research of chlorine dioxide in postharvest fresh-keeping is more, and the research shows that the concentration of the chlorine dioxide of more than 10 mg/L can kill surface microorganisms, and the aging is delayed by inhibiting the ethylene synthesis of postharvest fruits and vegetables, so that the shelf life is prolonged. However, chlorine dioxide with a concentration which is hundreds of times lower than that of disinfection has little influence on living plant growth, and only the former report of the subject group is that adding chlorine dioxide into a culture medium can enable chrysanthemum to grow into seedlings in one step (CN 112586358A), which suggests that the chrysanthemum can be used as a signal molecule to regulate and control the metabolism of plant endogenous hormones so as to participate in regulating and controlling plant growth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the comparison of growth of rootstock after irrigation of 30. Mu.g/L chlorine dioxide and an equal amount of water before emergence of first crop. The mugwort is used as mugwort, and the photo is taken 4 days after irrigation. The left photograph is the root after watering, i.e., the control group, and the right photograph is the root after watering 30 μg/L chlorine dioxide, i.e., the treatment group. Arrows indicate new rhizomes.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a comparison of seedlings of mugwort after irrigating 30 mug/L chlorine dioxide and an equal amount of water before the first crop of seedlings. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken 10 days after irrigation. The upper photograph is the emergence of seedlings after watering, i.e. the control group, and the lower photograph is the emergence of seedlings after watering 30 mug/L chlorine dioxide, i.e. the treatment group. The arrow indicates a new emergence.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the growth of the rootstock after the first harvest of mugwort and after 40 mug/L chlorine dioxide is irrigated before the emergence of the seedling again. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken 7 days after irrigation. The left photograph is the root after watering, i.e., the control group, and the right photograph is the root after watering 40 μg/L chlorine dioxide, i.e., the treatment group. Arrows indicate the rhizomes.
FIG. 4 is a comparison photograph of residual stalks after first harvesting of mugwort, after 40 mug/L chlorine dioxide is irrigated before emergence again and after an equal amount of water, the mugwort emerges. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken 10 days after irrigation. The upper photograph is the emergence of seedlings after watering, i.e. the control group, and the lower photograph is the emergence of seedlings after watering 40 mug/L chlorine dioxide, i.e. the treatment group. The arrow indicates a new emergence.
FIG. 5 is a comparative photograph showing the growth of mugwort after 2 weeks of emergence of seedlings by spraying growth promoting liquid and water. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken 7 days after spraying. The left photograph is the moxa after spraying water, i.e., the control group, and the right photograph is the moxa after spraying the growth promoting solution, i.e., the treatment group.
FIG. 6 is a comparative photograph showing the yellowing of lower leaves of mugwort after 6 weeks of emergence of seedlings by spraying growth promoting liquid and water. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken 7 days after spraying. Arrows indicate the dry-out portions. The upper photograph is the mugwort leaf after spraying water, i.e. the control group, and the lower photograph is the mugwort leaf after spraying growth promoting solution, i.e. the treatment group.
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the lower leaf of the mugwort plant after 6 weeks of emergence with growth promoting liquid and water. The tested mugwort is mugwort, and the photo is taken after 14 days of spraying. The left photograph is the mugwort plant after spraying water, i.e. the control group, and the right photograph is the mugwort plant after spraying growth promoting solution, i.e. the treatment group.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the chlorophyll content of 6 leaves of Artemisia argyi after 6 weeks of emergence of seedlings, sprayed with growth-promoting liquid and water.
Fig. 9 is a leaf comparison photograph of 5 to 9 leaf of mugwort plants of the treated and control groups that emerged for 2 months.
Fig. 10 is a graph comparing leaf area of 5 to 9 leaves of mugwort plants in the treated and control groups at 2 months of emergence.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing a comparison of Ai Caoshan plant dry weights of the treatment group and the control group, which were 2 months from the emergence of seedlings.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing comparison of leaf-stem ratio (dry weight) of individual moxa leaves in the treated group and the control group at 2 months of emergence.
Detailed Description
Example one irrigation seedling promoting liquid improves first crop emergence efficiency
According to chemical reaction 5naclo+4hcl=4clo 2 +5NaCl+2H 2 And O, the rapid preparation of chlorine dioxide is realized by adopting the reaction of sodium chlorite and hydrochloric acid. Weighing 0.15 g sodium chlorite, adding 5 mL distilled water into a brown bottle, adding 0.5 mL food-grade hydrochloric acid after the sodium chlorite is completely dissolved, reacting for 10 min, adding 495 mL distilled water, and uniformly mixing to obtain 100 mg/L chlorine dioxide water solution. The concentration required before the application is needed.
In the previous year 11 months, the underground roots of the wormwood are dug, tender rhizomes are picked out, the rhizomes are cut into 4-5 cm long sections, furrows are reserved in 40-45 cm, the rhizomes are placed in the furrows in a flat mode according to 15 cm plant spacing, and then soil is covered and compacted.
And in the following 3 months 1 day to 10 days, fully irrigating the planted rhizomes for 1 time with 30 mug/L of chlorine dioxide water solution, and using the irrigated water as a control. After 4 days of watering, as shown in FIG. 1, the treated group had a large number of new rootstocks (indicated by arrows) grown, and the growth was significantly better than that of the control group. After 10 days of watering, as shown in fig. 2, the treated group had a large number of new seedlings (indicated by arrows) and the emergence was significantly better than that of the control group.
Second embodiment of irrigating seedling promoting liquid to improve residual stalk re-emergence efficiency after harvesting mugwort
After the previous crop of mugwort is harvested, the residual stalks are fully irrigated again for 1 time with 40 mug/L of chlorine dioxide water solution, and the water with the same amount is sprayed as a control. After 7 days of watering, as shown in FIG. 3, the treated group had a large number of new rhizomes (indicated by arrows) and the growth was significantly better than that of the control group. After 14 days of watering, as shown in fig. 4, the treated group had a large number of new seedlings (indicated by arrows) and the emergence was significantly better than that of the control.
Example three spraying growth promoting liquid to regulate and control growth of seedlings of mugwort
When the seedlings of the wormwood emerge for 2 weeks, an aqueous solution containing 25 mug/L of chlorine dioxide and 0.3 per mill of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate is sprayed, and an equal amount of water is sprayed as a control. Spraying on all leaf surfaces is preferable, and spraying is carried out continuously for 2 days. After 7 days of spraying, as shown in fig. 5, the treated group Ai Miao was observed to grow rapidly, and the plant height was significantly higher than that of the control group.
Fourth example spraying growth-promoting liquid to control growth of mugwort leaves
In the third example, an aqueous solution containing 35. Mu.g/L chlorine dioxide and 0.3% sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate was sprayed for 6 weeks after emergence of the seedlings, and an equal amount of water was sprayed as a control. Spraying on all leaf surfaces is preferable, and spraying is carried out continuously for 2 days. 7 days after spraying, as shown in fig. 6, it can be observed that the yellow leaf of Ai Miaoxia parts of the treatment group is significantly lighter than that of the control group. After 14 days of spraying treatment, as shown in fig. 7, the lower leaves of the treatment group are obviously lighter in withered condition than the control group; as shown in FIG. 8, the chlorophyll content of the control group and the control group was 0.68 mg/g, and the chlorophyll content of the treated group and the control group was 1.06 mg/g, which is improved by 61% compared with the control group.
Fifth example spraying growth promoting liquid to increase mugwort yield
And (5) comprehensively applying the seedling promoting liquid and the growth promoting liquid, and measuring the output of the mugwort for 2 months after seedling emergence. As shown in fig. 9, the treatment group blade area increases significantly; as shown in FIG. 10, the control group had a total area of 5 to 9 leaves 133.87 cm 2 Total area 172.75 cm of 5-9 leaves in treatment group 2 The increase is 29%. As shown in fig. 11, the individual dry weight harvest yield was increased from 7.7. 7.7 g in the control group to 12.1. 12.1 g in the treatment group by 57%; as shown in fig. 12, the leaf/stem ratio (dry weight) was increased from 0.81 for the control group to 1.1 for the treatment group, which was a 36% improvement.
The results show that the chlorine dioxide with proper concentration can obviously promote the growth of rhizomes before emergence, improve the emergence rate and the emergence speed, effectively promote the growth of seedlings by spraying the chlorine dioxide and the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate solution in the seedling stage, obviously increase the leaf area by spraying in the plant stage, reduce the dry and falling of bottom leaves and improve the yield.
The invention provides an agronomic control method for promoting the efficient production of the wormwood, which is simple and convenient to operate and low in cost, and can promote the development of the wormwood artificial cultivation industry.

Claims (3)

1. A regulation and control method for improving the yield of multiple mugwort leaves in one year is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that the root-shaped stems are used as starting materials, 1 seedling promoting liquid is irrigated to the root-shaped stems before emergence of first-crop seedlings in spring or residual stems after subsequent harvesting of mugwort, so that more root-shaped stems are generated, and the seedling promoting liquid is 25-150 mug/L chlorine dioxide aqueous solution.
2. The regulation and control method for improving the yield of the mugwort for more than one year according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the Ai Caobao includes mugwort, wormwood.
3. The regulation and control method for improving the yield of the mugwort for more than one year according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: spraying growth promoting liquid to the leaves respectively at 2 weeks and 6 weeks of seedling emergence, wherein each spraying is carried out continuously for 2 days; the growth promoting liquid is water solution containing 1-50 mug/L chlorine dioxide and 0.3 per mill sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate.
CN202210726090.7A 2022-06-25 2022-06-25 Regulation and control method for improving yield of mugwort in more than one year Active CN114847098B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1070794A (en) * 1992-09-22 1993-04-14 沈阳市粮油食品科学研究所 A kind of plant growth promoter and production method thereof
JPH09278614A (en) * 1996-04-16 1997-10-28 Seibaa Okishideeshiyon Technol Kk Promotion of crop growth
CN107094461A (en) * 2017-04-13 2017-08-29 郭春青 Wormwood whole year plant and the method for management
CN112586358A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-04-02 淮北师范大学 Method for efficiently inducing chrysanthemum to grow seedlings in one step by using low-concentration chlorine dioxide
CN112673843A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-04-20 淮北师范大学 Method for increasing biomass of tobacco leaves and delaying senescence of leaves

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1070794A (en) * 1992-09-22 1993-04-14 沈阳市粮油食品科学研究所 A kind of plant growth promoter and production method thereof
JPH09278614A (en) * 1996-04-16 1997-10-28 Seibaa Okishideeshiyon Technol Kk Promotion of crop growth
CN107094461A (en) * 2017-04-13 2017-08-29 郭春青 Wormwood whole year plant and the method for management
CN112586358A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-04-02 淮北师范大学 Method for efficiently inducing chrysanthemum to grow seedlings in one step by using low-concentration chlorine dioxide
CN112673843A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-04-20 淮北师范大学 Method for increasing biomass of tobacco leaves and delaying senescence of leaves

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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Title
刘贤明 ; .表面活性剂对提高赤霉素在杂交水稻花期调节中的作用初报.广西农业生物科学.(第01期),全文. *
刘贤明 ; .表面活性剂对提高赤霉素在杂交水稻花期调节中的作用初报.广西农业生物科学.1984,(01),全文. *
王亚虹 ; 韩丹 ; 高森 ; 曹丽君 ; 王晓丽 ; 牛桂言 ; 任志广 ; 许自成 ; .表面活性剂辅助钾肥喷施对烤烟叶片润湿性能、生理指标及品质的影响.中国生态农业学报.2018,(11),全文. *
王亚虹 ; 韩丹 ; 高森 ; 曹丽君 ; 王晓丽 ; 牛桂言 ; 任志广 ; 许自成 ; .表面活性剂辅助钾肥喷施对烤烟叶片润湿性能、生理指标及品质的影响.中国生态农业学报.2018,(第11期),全文. *

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