CN114844559A - Super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
- H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-surface-based light-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter and an implementation method thereof, wherein the super-surface transmitter comprises a time-domain reflection type super-surface array and a photoelectric detection circuit on the back surface, the time-domain reflection type super-surface array is formed by arranging super-surface units, each super-surface unit is sequentially provided with a varactor, a surface metal pattern, a dielectric layer and a bottom metal floor from top to bottom, the surface metal pattern is formed by four trapezoidal metal sheets which are rotationally symmetrical at 90 degrees and a square metal sheet in the middle, and the four same varactor are used for connecting the trapezoidal metal sheets and the square metal sheets; the photoelectric detection circuit is arranged on the back surface of the super-surface array, consists of a photodiode and two amplification circuits, and is used for detecting optical signals and providing control signals for the super-surface array. The transmitter can generate certain microwave reflection harmonic wave distribution under the irradiation of specific light, so that the optical signal is directly mapped to the microwave signal, and the hybrid wireless communication is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter and an implementation method thereof. Belonging to the technical field of optical communication and radio frequency communication realized by optical domain and radio frequency conversion.
Background
Signal conversion between the optical domain and the Radio Frequency (RF) domain is the basis and key to implementing a hybrid system of optical and radio frequency communication technologies. Hybrid optical and radio frequency communication systems can free the limitations of a single system and provide their positive features, which is considered a promising way to support multi-domain integration and full spectrum networks for future generation six (6G) wireless communications. Up to now, hybrid communication has typically been achieved by cooperative relaying systems, where the received optical signal (or RF signal) is first amplified and converted to baseband and then down-converted to the RF (or up-converted to optical) domain. This solution requires a large number of optical elements, radio frequency devices and a number of processing steps, which ultimately makes the hybrid system costly and highly complex. The super surface is a two-dimensional material, presents a plurality of excellent methods for manipulating electromagnetic waves, overcomes various super material challenges such as large volume, loss and manufacture, and achieves wide application. As an emerging technology, programmable super-surfaces allow real-time electromagnetic operation and information processing, which shows great potential in building new paradigms of radio frequency chainless transmitters and 6G intelligent programmable wireless environments. Previously, photodiode-based optically controllable microwave super-surfaces have been reported on which electromagnetic functions can be programmed by visible light, but due to the slow switching speed, the solution of loading only the photodiode array onto the super-surface is difficult to use for wireless communication. Therefore, there is a need to develop a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter that can encode optical signals directly onto a microwave carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the prior art, a super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter and a realization method thereof are provided. The conversion process from light to microwave signals is completed on a single platform, and the method has remarkable potential in the aspect of realizing a low-cost and low-complexity hybrid communication system.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme for a super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter:
the transmitter comprises a time domain reflection type super-surface array and a photoelectric detection circuit on the back surface; the time domain reflection type super surface array is formed by arranging n multiplied by n super surface unit arrays, the photoelectric detection circuit receives visible light with different light intensities, corresponding voltage is generated to control the super surface units, certain microwave reflection harmonic wave distribution is generated, and therefore optical signals are directly mapped to the microwave signals.
The super-surface unit comprises four same variable capacitance diodes, a surface metal pattern, a dielectric layer and a metal ground; the surface metal pattern comprises a square copper sheet and four same trapezoidal copper sheets, wherein the square copper sheet is positioned in the center, the four same trapezoidal copper sheets are symmetrically distributed around the square copper sheet in a 90-degree manner, the four trapezoidal copper sheets are mutually connected, and each trapezoidal copper sheet is connected with the square copper sheet through a varactor diode; the square copper sheet is connected to the metal ground through the metal via hole.
In the time domain reflection type super-surface array, each super-surface unit is connected with the surrounding super-surface units through trapezoidal copper sheets, and all the trapezoidal copper sheets in the whole array are connected together and have the same control voltage.
The photoelectric detection circuit is formed by connecting a photodiode with a two-stage amplification circuit, wherein the one-stage amplification circuit is a transimpedance amplification circuit formed by an operational amplification chip and a peripheral resistor capacitor; the secondary amplifying circuit is a voltage amplifying circuit consisting of an operational amplifying chip and peripheral elements.
The photoelectric detection circuit is arranged on the back face of the time domain reflection type super-surface array, and the output end of the photoelectric detection circuit is connected with the trapezoidal copper sheet to provide bias voltage for the variable capacitance diode and control the state of the super-surface unit.
The dielectric layer material is F4B, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.001.
The invention discloses a super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter, which comprises the following steps: when receiving visible light with different intensities, the photoelectric detection circuit converts the visible light into corresponding voltage for tuning the variable capacitance diode, so that the reflection phase of incident microwave is changed in real time;
when the light intensity of visible light changes periodically and rapidly in a specific waveform, under the incidence of microwaves, the super-surface platform generates reflected harmonic distribution based on phase modulation, and digital information carried by optical signals is directly mapped to the spectral characteristics of the reflected microwaves, so that the conversion from direct light to microwave signals is realized.
The time-domain reflection type super-surface array utilizes the strong dispersion characteristic, and the super-surface platform converts the optical signals containing four groups of different modulation waveforms into two different binary frequency shift keying BFSK microwave signals, so that two data are independently and simultaneously converted and transmitted through the same super-surface aperture, and frequency division multiplexing is realized.
Has the advantages that: so far, implementing signal conversion between optical and microwave frequencies is a key step in building a hybrid communication system that combines optical and microwave wireless technologies to achieve better characteristics, which is very significant in future wireless communications. However, such a signal conversion process typically requires a complex relay to perform multiple operations, which consumes additional hardware, time, and energy resources. Hybrid communication is typically achieved by cooperative relaying systems, where the received optical signal (or RF signal) is first amplified and converted to baseband and then down-converted to the RF (or up-converted to optical) domain. This solution requires a large number of optical elements, radio frequency devices and a plurality of processing steps, and the hybrid system is characterized by high cost and complexity. Previously reported photodiode-based optically controllable microwave super-surfaces on which electromagnetic functions can be programmed by visible light, but the solution of loading only the photodiode array onto the super-surface is difficult to use for wireless communication due to the slow switching speed.
The invention discloses a super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter, which integrates a time domain super surface and a high-speed photoelectric detection circuit into a hybrid device. When the light intensity of visible light changes periodically and rapidly in a specific waveform, under the incidence of microwaves, the super-surface platform generates reflected harmonic distribution based on phase modulation, and digital information carried by optical signals is directly mapped to the spectral characteristics of the reflected microwaves, so that the conversion from direct light to microwave signals is realized. The increase in switching speed is large compared to previous super-surfaces loaded with photodiode arrays. Meanwhile, the optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter based on the super surface can realize frequency division multiplexing by using the dispersion characteristic of the super surface, and convert one optical intensity signal into two microwave binary frequency shift keying signals. Two-channel data transmission is allowed in the optical-to-microwave link, and two different paths of digital information can be simultaneously and independently transmitted and received.
The super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter completes the conversion process of optical signals to microwave signals on a single platform, shows remarkable potential in the aspect of realizing a low-cost and low-complexity hybrid communication system, and is vital to multi-domain integrated 6G wireless communication.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communications transmitter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a super-surface unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the photodetection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a pictorial representation of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a test curve of reflection phase variation with light intensity of a sample of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention when x-polarized waves of different frequencies are incident;
FIG. 6 is an upper modulated optical waveform and a lower modulated optical waveform having a modulation frequency of 100kHz illuminating a super-surface based light to a microwave hybrid communications transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a measurement of the reflection spectrum distribution of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communications transmitter under different optical waveform illumination in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communications transmitter for hybrid wireless communications in accordance with the present invention.
The figure shows that: the time domain reflection type super-surface array comprises a time domain reflection type super-surface array 1, a photoelectric detection circuit 2 on the back side, a super-surface unit 3, a variable capacitance diode 31, a square copper sheet 32, a trapezoidal copper sheet 33, a metal through hole 34, a dielectric layer 35 and a metal ground 36.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
The invention designs and manufactures a light-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter based on a super surface. Firstly, a broadband time domain super-surface unit is designed, the unit is provided with a special metal pattern, and the size is designed carefully, so that the unit can generate a reflection phase difference of about 360 degrees in a wide microwave frequency band. Four variable capacitance diodes are integrated on the unit surface metal pattern, and the reflection phase is changed by controlling the bias voltage at two ends of each variable capacitance diode. And n multiplied by n super surface units are used for carrying out array formation to form a time domain reflection type super surface array, the size of each super surface unit in the array is the same, and the same control waveform is used for regulation and control. The photoelectric detection circuit is integrated on the back surface of the super-surface array, and the output end of the photoelectric detection circuit is connected with each unit of the array to provide control voltage. The photoelectric detection circuit is mainly formed by cascading a photodiode and a two-stage amplification circuit, can detect rapidly-changed light intensity, converts visible light with different intensities into corresponding voltage for tuning the variable capacitance diode, and accordingly changes the reflection phase of incident microwaves in real time.
Hybrid wireless communications may be achieved using the above-described super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communications transmitter. When the light intensity of visible light changes periodically and rapidly in a specific waveform, under the incidence of microwaves, the super-surface platform generates reflected harmonic wave distribution based on phase modulation, and digital information carried by optical signals is directly mapped onto the spectral characteristics of the reflected microwaves, so that the conversion from direct light to microwave signals is realized. And an optical signal containing four groups of different modulation waveforms is converted into two different Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) microwave signals by utilizing the strong dispersion characteristic of the designed super-surface array. In this case, two data (e.g., two different videos) can be independently and simultaneously converted and transmitted through the same super-surface aperture to achieve frequency division multiplexing.
As shown in FIG. 1, the optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter based on the super surface is composed of a time domain super surface array 1 based on a varactor diode and a photoelectric detection circuit 2, wherein the circuit is composed of a photodiode and two amplification circuits in cascade connection, and can directly convert an optical signal into a microwave signal without any additional radio frequency equipment and optical elements. By this hybrid integration strategy, the reflected phase of the meta-surface can be modulated at high speed by the light intensity. When the intensity of the illumination light changes periodically and rapidly with a specific waveform, the super-surface generates a certain reflected harmonic distribution based on phase modulation under the incidence of the microwave. Thus, the conversion of direct light to microwave signals can be achieved by modulating digital information onto the waveform of the optical signal and then mapping it directly onto the spectral characteristics of the reflected microwaves. In addition, an optical signal containing four groups of different modulation waveforms can be converted into two different BFSK microwave signals by utilizing the strong dispersion effect of the designed super surface. Thus, using a single light source, two channels of information can be transmitted simultaneously over a super-surface aperture.
As shown in fig. 2, the super-surface unit 3 sequentially includes four identical varactors 31, a surface metal pattern, a dielectric layer 35, and a metal ground 36 from top to bottom; the surface metal pattern comprises a square copper sheet 32 and four same trapezoidal copper sheets 33, wherein the square copper sheet 32 is positioned in the center, the four same trapezoidal copper sheets 33 are symmetrically arranged around the square copper sheet 32 at 90 degrees, the four trapezoidal copper sheets 33 are mutually connected, and each trapezoidal copper sheet 33 is respectively connected with the square copper sheet through a varactor 31; the square copper sheet 32 is connected to a metal ground 36 through a metal via 34. Each super-surface unit 3 is connected with the surrounding super-surface units through trapezoidal copper sheets, and all the trapezoidal copper sheets in the whole array are connected together and have the same control voltage.
In this embodiment, the side length of the super-surface unit is 12mm, the side length of the square copper sheet is 5mm, the distance between adjacent sides of the trapezoidal copper sheet is 3mm, the length of the inner side of the trapezoidal copper sheet is 2.16mm, and the distance from the inner side to the edge is 2.12 mm. The thicknesses of the square copper sheet, the trapezoidal copper sheet and the metal ground are all 0.018 mm. Four identical varactors are integrated in four 0.7mm wide gaps of a square copper sheet and a trapezoidal copper sheet. And the dielectric layer and the metal floor are sequentially arranged on the lower layer, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 2 mm. Two adjacent trapezoidal copper sheets are connected together, and the square copper sheet is connected to the metal ground. The dielectric layer material is a polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth coated copper plate (F4B), the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.001.
As shown in fig. 4, the time domain reflective super-surface array 1 is composed of n × n super-surface units 3, where n is the number of rows and columns of the super-surface units. In the array of time domain reflective super-surfaces, each super-surface unit is connected with an adjacent unit through a trapezoidal copper sheet 33. Four identical varactors are symmetrically embedded on the metal structure to achieve polarization insensitivity and broadband characteristics. Since the resonant frequency of the cell is related to the capacitance value, the bandwidth is mainly determined by the capacitance variation range of the varactor used.
In this embodiment, the varactor diodes "MAVR-000120-. The photoelectric detection circuit 2 on the back side is mainly formed by cascading a photodiode, a transimpedance amplification circuit and a voltage amplification circuit, wherein the output end of the voltage amplification circuit is connected with the units in the array, and is used for providing bias voltage for the variable capacitance diode, changing the capacitance value and adjusting the reflection phase.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the schematic diagram of the photodetection circuit 2 in this embodiment, the photodiode is used as "S6968" and is connected theretoThe photodiode preamplifier is a low noise "OPA 657U" amplifier that accurately detects the weak photocurrent generated. The post-amplifier connected to the super-surface array is an "AD 8065 ARZ" amplifier with strong driving capability. Under illumination, the photodiode will generate weak photocurrent I pd The voltage can be converted into a voltage through a transimpedance amplification circuit, and the output voltage is U 2 ＝I pd xR 1 . Then, the voltage U 2 Will be further amplified by the post-stage amplifying circuit, the finally generated driving voltage is U 1 ＝-U 2 xR 2 /R 3 . In this case, the maximum output voltage of the photodetection circuit can be controlled by adjusting the resistance value. With this design, the high speed photo-detection circuit is linear and can generate a maximum voltage of about 10V under illumination. The cascade amplifying circuit also provides a low-resistance current loop for the photodiode, and the photodiode can rapidly complete the charge and discharge process and has high switching speed.
FIG. 5 is a test curve of reflection phase variation with light intensity of a sample of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention when x-polarized waves of different frequencies are incident. It is clear that as the illumination intensity is gradually increased from 0 to 700lx, the reflection phase will correspondingly vary from-180 ° to about 160 °, providing a phase shift of about 340 ° at all tested frequencies. The test curves of six frequency points marked in the figure can be well distinguished, and accord with the dispersion characteristic of the super-surface array. The actual measurement result verifies that the realized super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter can realize a larger phase adjustment range in a wider frequency band.
Fig. 6 is an upper modulated optical waveform and a lower modulated optical waveform having a modulation frequency of 100kHz for illuminating a super-surface based optical to microwave hybrid communications transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention. Rising from 0 to 700lx is the up modulation waveform, and conversely the down modulation waveform. The up-down modulated light waveform comes from the measured reflected phase curve (fig. 5), which can make the reflected phase change linearly with time. Under the control of these up-and-down modulation waveforms, the super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter sample can effectively produce a blue-shift and a red-shift, respectively, corresponding to Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) in a digital modulation format. Therefore, the optical waveform signal can directly modulate the reflection frequency of the super surface, and the optical signal is linked with the microwave FSK signal in real time. Due to the fact that super-surface dispersion is strong, modulation waveforms required by down-conversion at different working frequencies are obviously different, and a foundation is laid for FDM wireless communication in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a measurement of the reflection spectrum distribution of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter under different light waveform illumination, and a two-channel signal conversion process, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the case of using four designed optical waveforms to illuminate the super-surface platform at 5.2GHz and 4.9GHz operating frequencies is shown. Two independent data streams are encoded onto four different sets of optical waveforms, optical waveform W1 being a dc control waveform (fig. 7a) in which the optical intensity does not vary over time, so the frequencies of both reflected BFSK signals are at the original fundamental frequencies of 5.2 and 4.9GHz (fig. 7e), in which case the two digital symbols "0" successfully convert from optical to microwave signals. Optical waveforms W2 and W3 are upper modulation waveforms corresponding to 5.2 and 4.9GHz, respectively (fig. 7b, c). For optical waveform W2, the dominant frequency component of BFSK signal 1 is at 5.2001GHz (blue-shifted frequency of 5.2 GHz), which now represents the symbol "1"; but the dominant frequency component of the BFSK signal 2 is still at the 4.9GHz fundamental frequency, representing the symbol "0" (fig. 7 f). Similarly, optical waveform W3 is used to encode digital symbol "0" onto BFSK signal 1 and digital symbol "1" onto BFSK signal 2 (fig. 7 g). The optical waveform W4 in fig. 7d is designed to encode the digital symbol "1" onto both BFSK signals simultaneously, when the dominant frequency components of both channels are blue-shifted frequencies (fig. 7 h). Therefore, an optical signal containing four groups of waveforms can be directly converted into two BFSK signals based on FDM, and the BFSK signal 1 channel and the BFSK signal 2 channel can independently transmit data.
Fig. 8 is a principle of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter for hybrid wireless communication in an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a dual-channel hybrid wireless communication system based on an optical programming time domain super surface is constructed, and the complete flow is shown in fig. 8 c. The hybrid communication system mainly comprises three parts: an optical transmitter, a super-surface signal converter and a microwave receiver. The optical transmitter comprises an optical modulation and driving module and a Light Emitting Diode (LED) light source for generating an optical signal having modulated information. The super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communications transmitter acts as a signal converter, acting in the optical domain as an optical receiver that captures the encoded optical signal, while acting as a radio frequency transmitter in the microwave communications link. The microwave receiver mainly comprises two receiving horn antennas and a Software Defined Radio (SDR) platform (NI USRP-2954) connected to a post-processing computer.
The optical-to-microwave hybrid communication is performed in three stages. First, each pixel of videos 1 and 2 is represented by a 32-bit binary sequence, so the two videos can be converted into two sets of bitstreams (e.g., "01010 …" and "10010 …"). The two bit streams stored in the FPGA are read bit by bit simultaneously and merged into a set of 2-bit binary digits (fig. 8 a). The four states of the 2-bit binary digit are converted into different control signals through the FPGA module and the DAC module and are used for driving the light source to generate corresponding light waveforms. When receiving the optical signal, the super-surface platform generates four groups of spectrum distributions for realizing dual-channel BFSK modulation under the incidence of two subcarriers. Finally, the radio frequency receiver receives the two reflected BFSK signals for processing. For BFSK demodulation, the time domain signal is first converted to a frequency domain signal using a fast fourier transform. Then in each channel, the base frequency (f) L ) And blue shift frequency (f) R ) Are compared with each other. Determining the received digital symbol as "0" if the power of the fundamental frequency is greater than the power of the blue-shifted frequency; instead, the received digit symbol is determined to be "1", as shown in fig. 8 b. After demodulation, two sets of bit streams are obtained, and then the original video is restored by using a post-processing program.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter, characterized in that the transmitter comprises a time domain reflective super-surface array (1) and a back photo-detection circuit (2); the time domain reflection type super surface array (1) is formed by arranging n multiplied by n super surface units (3) in an array mode, the photoelectric detection circuit (2) receives visible light with different light intensities, corresponding voltage is generated to control the super surface units (3), certain microwave reflection harmonic wave distribution is generated, and therefore optical signals are directly mapped to microwave signals.
2. A super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that the super-surface unit (3) comprises four identical varactors (31), a surface metal pattern, a dielectric layer (35) and a metal ground (36); the surface metal pattern comprises a square copper sheet (32) and four same trapezoidal copper sheets (33), wherein the square copper sheet (32) is positioned in the center, the four same trapezoidal copper sheets (33) are symmetrically arranged around the square copper sheet (32) at 90 degrees, the four trapezoidal copper sheets (33) are mutually connected, and each trapezoidal copper sheet (33) is connected with the square copper sheet through a varactor (31) respectively; the square copper sheet (32) is connected to a metal ground (36) through a metal via (34).
3. A super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to claim 2, wherein in the time domain reflective super-surface array (1), each super-surface unit (3) is connected with the surrounding super-surface units through trapezoidal copper sheets (33), and all trapezoidal copper sheets (33) in the whole array are connected together and have the same control voltage.
4. The super-surface-based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to claim 1, wherein the photodetection circuit (2) is composed of a photodiode connected to a two-stage amplification circuit, wherein the one-stage amplification circuit is a transimpedance amplification circuit composed of an operational amplification chip and a peripheral resistor-capacitor; the secondary amplifying circuit is a voltage amplifying circuit consisting of an operational amplifying chip and peripheral elements.
5. A super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the photodetection circuit (2) is at the back of the time domain reflective super-surface array (1), and the output of the photodetection circuit (2) is connected to the trapezoidal copper sheet (33) to provide bias voltage for the varactor diode (31) to control the state of the super-surface cell.
6. The super surface based light-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter of claim 2, wherein the dielectric layer (35) is F4B, a dielectric constant of 2.65, and a loss tangent of 0.001.
7. A method of implementation of a super-surface based optical-to-microwave hybrid communication transmitter as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the photo detection circuit (2) converts visible light of different intensities into corresponding voltages for tuning the varactor diodes (31) to change the reflected phase of the incident microwave in real time;
when the light intensity of visible light changes periodically and rapidly in a specific waveform, under the incidence of microwaves, the super-surface platform generates reflected harmonic distribution based on phase modulation, and digital information carried by optical signals is directly mapped to the spectral characteristics of the reflected microwaves, so that the conversion from direct light to microwave signals is realized.
8. The implementation method of the hybrid optical-to-microwave communication transmitter based on super-surface as claimed in claim 7, wherein the time-domain reflective super-surface array (1) utilizes strong dispersion property, and the super-surface platform converts the optical signals containing four sets of different modulation waveforms into two different Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) microwave signals, so that two data are independently and simultaneously converted and transmitted through the same super-surface aperture to implement frequency division multiplexing.
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| CN116482617A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 南京理工大学 | Switchable secondary and third harmonic passive generation system based on super surface |
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| CN116482617A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 南京理工大学 | Switchable secondary and third harmonic passive generation system based on super surface |
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