CN114837605B - Oil increasing method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension - Google Patents
Oil increasing method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN114837605B CN114837605B CN202210611021.1A CN202210611021A CN114837605B CN 114837605 B CN114837605 B CN 114837605B CN 202210611021 A CN202210611021 A CN 202210611021A CN 114837605 B CN114837605 B CN 114837605B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
- E21B23/042—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion using a single piston or multiple mechanically interconnected pistons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
- E21B34/142—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/08—Down-hole devices using materials which decompose under well-bore conditions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil increasing method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension, which comprises the following steps: finding out a damaged point, and confirming that the damaged point is above an oil layer; well dredging and scraping are carried out; completing the replacement of the damaged casing pipe at the free section; sending the plugging combination tool into the well; after the shaft is cleaned, throwing a ball to close the well cleaning channel, and unclamping the setting driving mechanism; pressurizing a wellhead to enable a soluble bridge plug to be set between a well cementation section damage point and an oil layer; continuing pressurizing, releasing the components above the bridge plug, and raising a wellhead to read the actual temperature of the stratum; casting a soluble ball to enable the bridge plug to be set; a liner string is put in, and the damage point of the well cementation section corresponds to the middle section of the liner; the hanger is hung on the inner wall of the sleeve; preparing cement paste according to the actual temperature of the stratum; injecting cement slurry and returning the cement slurry to the position above the damage point of the well cementation section; injecting displacement liquid, displacing cement paste, and then waiting for solidification; drilling through the floating hoops and the floating shoes; the bridge plug dissolves. The invention can ensure that the casing damaged well can continue to stably produce and produce upwards, simplifies the working procedure and has good well cementation quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil increasing method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension, and belongs to the technical field of casing damage well repairing operation methods.
Background
After well completion, the well is fixed, the casing is firstly put into the well, cement slurry is then injected into the casing, after the cement slurry flows out from the bottom of the casing, the cement slurry flows back upwards to the upper part of the oil layer, and the annular space between the casing and the well wall is sealed after the cement slurry is solidified. In the later period of oil field production, the casing well cementation section is damaged to generate leakage, so that the original well cannot be mined. Drilling a freeze well or renewing the well production can lead to a significant increase in production costs. The tail pipe is arranged in the original well casing, cement slurry is injected into the periphery of the tail pipe for cementing again, the original ground facilities can be utilized, the construction cost is reduced, the stable production and the upper production of the oil field are ensured, and the cost and the trouble of land sign are avoided.
The stratum temperature has a larger influence on the performance of the well cementation cement slurry, and cement slurries with different components are required to be prepared for a low-temperature well and a high-temperature well. Because the leakage-breaking sleeve is easy to be communicated with the liquid flow of Zhou Bianjing, the underground temperature is uncertain, and the well cementation quality of the tail pipe is affected. In addition, the pigtail pipe must be cleaned by pigtail and scraping before the pigtail pipe is cut, the dirt on the inner wall of the sleeve pipe must be cleaned, then a bridge plug is used for sealing an oil layer, the steps above conventionally need to be started and run down for a plurality of times, the operation efficiency is low, and the safety risk is high.
The casing free section is contacted with corrosive liquid on the inner wall and the outer wall, is subjected to double corrosion, is easier to damage, and needs to be replaced when the casing well cementation section is broken and leaked.
The traditional casing replacement process of the oil field generally uses a reverse fishing spear to reversely take out the old casing and fasten the new casing. The principle of fishing and back-off of the back-off spear is that the outer diameter of the back-off slips of the back-off spear is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve, the fishing, back-off and releasing are carried out through lifting and putting and rotating of the drill rod, the well for taking and replacing the sleeve is a well with serious damage, scaling and corrosion of the sleeve, when the back-off spear is used for taking and replacing the sleeve, the back-off slips of the back-off spear are firstly put down to the position for taking and replacing the sleeve in the pit, the back-off slips of the back-off spear are rubbed with the inner wall of the sleeve with serious scaling and corrosion in the drilling process, the back-off slips of the back-off spear are easy to damage, and the operations such as fishing, back-off and releasing cannot be completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide an oil increasing method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension, which can ensure that a casing damaged well can continue to be produced stably and is produced upwards, reduce the number of times of tripping and tripping, simplify the working procedure and achieve good well cementation quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the oil increasing method of the casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension comprises the following steps in sequence,
Step1: finding out the damage points of the free section and the well cementation section of the sleeve, and confirming that the damage points of the well cementation section are above the oil layer;
Step 2: the well dredging and scraping are carried out on the casing above the oil layer;
Step 3: completing the replacement of the damaged casing pipe at the free section;
Step 4: connecting a plugging combination tool at the lower end of the pipe column, and sending the plugging combination tool into the well to enable the soluble bridge plug to reach a setting well section;
Step 5: cleaning a shaft by utilizing a valve body bypass hole of the plugging combination tool;
Step 6: the resin ball is thrown to close the valve body bypass hole and unclamp the setting driving mechanism;
Step7: pressurizing a wellhead to enable a soluble bridge plug to be set between a well cementation section damage point and an oil layer;
Step 8: continuously pressurizing the wellhead, releasing the parts above the soluble bridge plug, and raising the wellhead to read the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
Step 9: casting a soluble ball to enable the soluble ball to fall on the upper port of the just-set bridge plug;
Step 10: a tail pipe column is arranged above the soluble bridge plug, the tail pipe column sequentially comprises a floating shoe, a floating hoop, a tail pipe and a hanger from bottom to top, and the damage point of the well cementation section corresponds to the middle section of the tail pipe;
step 11: the hanger is hung on the inner wall of the sleeve;
step 12: preparing cement slurry for well cementation according to the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
step 13: injecting cement paste, wherein the cement paste descends along the tail pipe string, flows out from the lower port of the floating shoe, and ascends along the annular space of the tail pipe and the sleeve to the position above the damage point of the well cementation section;
Step 14: injecting displacement fluid, displacing cement paste in the tail pipe, and then entering a waiting setting;
Step 15: the floating collar, the floating shoe and cement ash at the bottom of the tail pipe are drilled in the grinding shoe;
step 16: the soluble bridge plug dissolves, restoring the oil flow path.
As an improvement of the present invention, step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
Step 3.1: a hydraulic back-off device is arranged in the casing to release the damaged casing of the free section from the casing below;
Step 3.2: lifting the hydraulic back-off device out of the wellhead;
step 3.3: the broken casing pipe of the free section is lifted out of the wellhead section by section;
Step 3.4: and (4) inserting new casings section by section, and screwing the lower ends of the new casings with the underground intact casings.
As a further improvement of the invention, the hydraulic back-off device comprises a cylindrical body, a body center hole is arranged along the axis of the cylindrical body, a conical back-tooth female buckle is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical body, a sealing joint is connected at the lower end of the cylindrical body in a screwed mode, a conical back-tooth male buckle is arranged at the lower end of the sealing joint, the center hole of the sealing joint is communicated with the body center hole, and a setting ring is arranged at the middle section of the sealing joint center hole; the outer wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of rows of body counter bores, the centers of the body counter bores are respectively communicated with the body center hole through body radial holes, the back-off slips are respectively embedded in the body counter bores, the outer end faces of the back-off slips are respectively provided with back-off slip counter bores, the back-off slip counter bores are respectively provided with pressure springs, the outer ends of the pressure springs respectively lean against the inner wall of the pressing plates, the pressing plates are respectively embedded in the axial long grooves of the outer wall of the cylindrical body and are fixed through countersunk screws, the outer end faces of the back-off slips are respectively provided with pressing plate avoiding grooves extending along the axial direction of the body, and the back-off slip anchoring faces on two sides of the pressing plates can respectively extend out from the two sides of the pressing plates.
As a further improvement of the invention, the hydraulic back-off device comprises the following working steps:
S1, connecting a conical inverted tooth female buckle at the upper end of a cylindrical body to the lower end of a drill rod, and lowering the drill rod below a sleeve needing to be replaced;
s2, putting steel balls into the drill rod, and setting the steel balls at a setting ring of the sealing joint;
S3, pressing the inside of the drill rod through the wellhead, and enabling each back-off slip to extend outwards under the action of hydraulic pressure to overcome the tension of the pressure spring until the back-off slip is snapped on the inner wall of the sleeve;
s4, reversing the drill rod, backing up the threads of the locking sleeve, and separating the locking sleeve from the sleeve below;
S5, releasing pressure of the wellhead, and retracting each back-off slip under the action of pressure spring pushing force.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
step 3.5: the lower end of the drill rod is screwed with a hydraulic fastener, the upper end of the hydraulic fastener adopts a conical orthodontic button, and the rest structure is the same as that of the hydraulic back-off device;
step 3.6: the hydraulic fastener is lowered to the lowest section of the new sleeve;
step 3.7: putting steel balls into the drill rod, wherein the steel balls are arranged at the setting ring of the sealing joint for setting;
step 3.8: pressing the drill rod through the wellhead, and tightly clamping the inner wall of the sleeve by each clamping slip under the action of hydraulic pressure;
step 3.9: rotating the drill rod positively to fasten the new sleeve and the original sleeve to proper torque;
step 3.10: and releasing pressure at the wellhead, retracting each fastening slip under the action of the pushing force of the pressure spring, and then taking out the liquid to press the fastener.
As a further improvement of the invention, the plugging combination tool comprises a well flushing valve, a setting driving mechanism, a temperature detection mechanism and a soluble bridge plug from top to bottom, wherein the soluble bridge plug comprises a connecting rod, a guide body is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod, a bridge plug slip is abutted against the upper part of the guide body, the upper inner conical surface of the bridge plug slip is matched with the small end of an outer cone, a rubber cylinder is arranged above the large end of the outer cone, the rubber cylinder and the outer cone are both sleeved on the periphery of a rubber cylinder sleeve, and the rubber cylinder sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting rod; the lower end of the central hole of the outer cone is provided with an inner cone ring groove, a stop lock ring is embedded in the inner cone ring groove, and an inner ratchet tooth of the stop lock ring is clamped on an outer ratchet tooth at the periphery of the lower end of the rubber sleeve; the upper portion of the rubber sleeve is provided with a rubber sleeve seat with an outward protrusion, a lower shoulder of the rubber sleeve seat is upwards sunken to form a rubber sleeve seat caulking groove, and the upper end of the rubber sleeve is embedded in the rubber sleeve seat caulking groove.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the rubber cylinder seat is provided with a rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section, the periphery of the rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section is sleeved with an upward extending setting pushing cylinder, the lower end of the setting pushing cylinder is propped against the shoulder of the rubber cylinder seat, the upper end of the rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section is provided with a horn mouth and covered with a pressing cap, the center of the upper end face of the pressing cap extends upwards to form a pressing cap central tube, and the pressing cap central tube is fixed on the connecting rod through a stop pin.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the connecting rod is screwed at the lower end of the adapter, a thermometer is arranged in the inner cavity of the adapter, a plurality of adapter through holes are uniformly distributed in the middle section of the circumference of the adapter and are communicated with the inner cavity, a lower shock pad is arranged between the bottom of the thermometer and the upper end of the connecting rod, an upper shock pad is arranged at the upper end of the thermometer, shock-proof rings are respectively sleeved at the peripheries of the upper end and the lower end of the thermometer, and the outer sides of the shock-proof rings are propped against the inner wall of the adapter.
As a further improvement of the invention, a shearing ring is arranged in the middle section of the inner wall of the central hole of the guide body, the lower end of the connecting rod is inserted into the central hole of the guide body and abuts against the upper end face of the shearing ring, the guide body screw is screwed into the screw hole at the lower end of the connecting rod from bottom to top, and the head of the guide body screw abuts against the lower end face of the shearing ring.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the adapter is screwed with the lower end of the slider joint, the upper end of the setting pushing cylinder is screwed with the lower end of the lower joint, the upper part of the slider joint is provided with a slider joint convex ring, the center Kong Sujing of the lower joint is abutted under the step of the slider joint convex ring; an annular liquid flow channel is arranged between the outer wall of the lower part of the sliding block joint and the inner wall of the lower joint and the setting pushing cylinder.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper inner cavity of the slider joint is inserted with the large end of the conversion mandrel, the circumference of the large end of the conversion mandrel is symmetrically provided with a pair of conversion mandrel kidney-shaped grooves, the circumference of the slider joint is symmetrically provided with a pair of slider joint long grooves extending from the upper part to the lower part, and the circumference of the upper part of the lower joint is symmetrically provided with a pair of lower joint kidney-shaped grooves; the cross head sliding blocks extending outwards in the radial direction are inserted into the waist-shaped grooves of the conversion mandrel, two ends of each cross head sliding block penetrate through the corresponding sliding block joint long grooves, and two ends of each cross head sliding block are respectively embedded into the waist-shaped grooves of the lower joint.
As a further improvement of the invention, the periphery of the upper end of the lower joint is provided with a lower joint diameter reduction section, two sides of the upper end of the crosshead slide block are respectively provided with a unfilled corner corresponding to the lower joint diameter reduction section, the periphery of the lower joint diameter reduction section is sleeved with a slide block check ring and fixed by a screw, the lower port of the slide block check ring is pressed on a step of the crosshead slide block, and the inner wall of the slide block check ring is coated on the outer side of the unfilled corner of the crosshead slide block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. before setting the rubber cylinder, the well can be directly washed, the tripping times are reduced, and no sand, salt and scale are ensured at the setting well section; the reliability of setting anchoring is guaranteed, and the setting driving mechanism is protected, so that the early misoperation of the setting driving mechanism is avoided. The space where the tail pipe is located can be cooled through well flushing, so that the underground temperature is more matched with the performance of cement paste.
2. The setting of the rubber cylinder adopts a single bridge plug slip structure, has a simple structure, and has an anti-forward setting structure, a standby setting ring structure, a flow passage structure and an anti-sand blocking structure; and the locking mechanism is arranged after the rubber cylinder is sealed, so that the rubber cylinder is ensured not to be accidentally unsealed, the construction success rate is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
3. The temperature of the underground actual stratum can be measured, the measured stratum temperature data can be read out on a computer after the thermometer is lifted out of the shaft, an accurate basis is provided for the proportion of well cementation cement paste, and the well cementation quality and the accurate waiting time are ensured.
4. The three-stage pistons are adopted for series driving, so that the outer diameter of the tool is smaller on the basis of improving the driving force, and the three-stage piston is applicable to the well condition of casing deformation; after releasing, the connecting rod is completely lifted out of the wellhead, so that the central aperture of the tool is relatively large.
5. The outer diameter of the hydraulic back-off device is far smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve, friction can not be formed between the hydraulic back-off device and the inner wall of the sleeve in the well descending process, after the hydraulic back-off device is drilled down in place, the back-off slips can be extended through pressing the drill rod and anchored on the inner wall of the sleeve, and then operations such as salvaging, back-off, releasing and the like are performed, so that the replacement of the damaged sleeve is realized.
6. For the float collar and the float shoe with smaller size, quick drilling materials are adopted, so that the float collar and the float shoe are convenient to drill. The bridge plug which is difficult to drill is made of soluble materials, no residue exists after the bridge plug is dissolved, the well bore reaches the full drift diameter, drilling and grinding operations are avoided, the production speed is accelerated, the risk of damaging a casing pipe and even generating a new well bore during the bridge plug drilling is avoided, and the operation time and cost can be greatly saved.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a plugging kit for use in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the lower portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the conversion mandrel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the slider joint of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the crosshead shoe of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the lower joint of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the hydraulic back-off device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 9;
Fig. 12 is a schematic of liner suspension cementing in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: A. a hanger; B. a tail pipe; C. a float collar; D. a float shoe; E. a dissolvable bridge plug; 1. an upper joint; 1a, an upper joint inner ring groove; 1b, an upper joint bypass hole; 2. a valve core; 2a, radial holes are formed in the valve core; 2b, a valve core lower radial hole; 2c, a valve core ring groove IV; 2d, a valve core ring groove II; 2e, a first valve core ring groove; 3. valve core shear pins; 4. a valve core retainer ring; 5. a cylinder sleeve is arranged; 5a, a cylinder sleeve through hole is formed; 6. an upper piston; 7. an upper piston O-ring; 8. an upper mandrel; 8a, an upper mandrel radial hole; 9. a joint is arranged between the cylinders; 10. a middle cylinder sleeve; 10a, a middle cylinder sleeve through hole; 11. a middle piston; 12. a central spindle; 12a, a radial hole of a central spindle; 13. a lower joint between the cylinders; 14. a cylinder sleeve is arranged; 14a, a lower cylinder sleeve through hole; 15. a lower piston; 16. a conversion mandrel; 16a, converting a mandrel kidney-shaped groove; 17. a slider joint; 17a, a long groove of the slider joint; 18. a slide block retainer ring; 19. a crosshead shoe; 20. a lower joint; 20a, a lower joint kidney-shaped groove; 21. a conversion joint; 21a, a conversion joint through hole; 22. a shock-proof pad is arranged on the upper part; 23. a thermometer; 24. a vibration-proof ring; 25. a lower vibration-proof pad; 26. setting a pushing cylinder; 26a, a long groove of the setting push cylinder; 27. a connecting rod; 28. pressing the cap; 28a, a backstop pin; 29. a cartridge holder; 29a, a rubber sleeve; 30. a rubber cylinder; 31. wrist band; 32. shoulder pad; 33. an outer cone; 34. a backstop lock ring; 35. bridge plug slips; 36. bridge plug slip teeth; 37. a guide body; 37a, shearing ring; 38. a guide screw; 39. a steel ball; 40. sealing the joint; 40a, setting ring; 40b, conical inverted tooth male buckles; 41. a cylindrical body; 41a, a conical inverse tooth box; 41b, a body center hole; 41c, radial holes of the body; 42. an axial slip; 43. radial slips; 44. a slip sealing ring is buckled reversely; 45. a pressure spring; 46. a pressing plate; 47. countersunk head screws.
Detailed Description
In the following description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not mean that the device must have a specific orientation. Where the abbreviation closer to the bottom of the well is "below", the abbreviation closer to the top of the well is "above".
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the plugging combination tool used in the present invention includes a well flushing valve including an upper joint 1 and a valve spool 2, a setting driving mechanism including an upper cylinder liner 5, an upper piston 6, an upper core shaft 8, a middle cylinder liner 10, a middle piston 11, a middle core shaft 12, a lower cylinder liner 14, a lower piston 15, a switching core shaft 16, a slider joint 17 and a lower joint 20, a temperature detecting mechanism including a switching joint 21, an upper vibration-proof pad 22, a thermometer 23, a vibration-proof ring 24, a lower vibration-proof pad 25 and a setting push cylinder 26, a rubber cylinder seat 29, rubber cylinders 30, 31, a wrist protector, 32, a shoulder protector, an outer cone 33, a check ring 34 and a bridge plug slip 35 from top to bottom.
A guide 37 is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod 27 to reduce the well-entry resistance. The middle section of the inner wall of the central hole of the guide body 37 is provided with a shear ring 37a, the lower end of the connecting rod 27 is inserted into the central hole of the guide body and abuts against the upper end face of the shear ring 37a, the guide body screw 38 is screwed into the lower end screw hole of the connecting rod 27 from bottom to top, and the head of the guide body screw 38 abuts against the lower end face of the shear ring 37 a.
The upper part of the guide body 37 is abutted against a bridge plug slip 35, the upper inner conical surface of the bridge plug slip 35 is matched with the small end of the outer cone 33, a rubber cylinder 30 is arranged above the large end of the outer cone 33, the rubber cylinder 30 and the outer cone 33 are sleeved on the periphery of a rubber cylinder sleeve 29a, and the rubber cylinder sleeve 29a is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting rod 27; the lower end of the central hole of the outer cone 33 is provided with an inner cone ring groove, a backstop lock ring 34 is embedded in the inner cone ring groove, and an inner ratchet of the backstop lock ring 34 is clamped on an outer ratchet of the periphery of the lower end of the rubber sleeve 29 a; the upper part of the rubber sleeve 29a is provided with a convex rubber seat 29, the lower shoulder of the rubber seat 29 is upwards sunken to form a rubber seat embedding groove, and the upper end of the rubber 30 is embedded in the rubber seat embedding groove; the lower end of the rubber cylinder 30 is embedded in the wrist guard 31 so as to protect the lower end of the rubber cylinder 30 from being scratched in the well entering process. The bottom of the cuff 31 is embedded in the shoulder pad 32 to improve the pressure resistance of the rubber 30, the bottom of the shoulder pad 32 resting against the top of the bridge plug slips 35.
The upper part of the outer cone 33 is fixed on the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 29a through an anti-deblocking pin, so that the pre-setting caused by blockage in the well entering process is avoided.
The outer periphery of the bridge plug slip 35 is uniformly embedded with bridge plug slip teeth 36, and the outer surface of the bridge plug slip teeth 36 is opposite to the inclination direction of the inner conical surface of the bridge plug slip 35, so that the anchoring is reliable.
The upper end of the rubber cylinder seat 29 is provided with a rubber cylinder seat reducing section, the periphery of the rubber cylinder seat reducing section is sleeved with a setting pushing cylinder 26 extending upwards, and the lower end of the setting pushing cylinder 26 is abutted against a shoulder of the rubber cylinder seat 29; the circumference of the setting pushing cylinder 26 is provided with a plurality of hollowed setting pushing cylinder long grooves 26a; fluid flow is free to enter the setting plunger cavity through the setting plunger slot 26a and also to expel sand from the cavity.
The upper end of the reducing section of the rubber cylinder seat is provided with a bell mouth and covered with a pressing cap 28, the center of the upper end surface of the pressing cap 28 extends upwards to form a pressing cap central tube, and the pressing cap central tube is fixed on the connecting rod 27 through a stop pin 28 a.
The lower end face of the press cap 28 is provided with a press cap boss which is embedded in the upper port of the reducing section of the rubber cylinder seat; the upper end of the pressing cap central tube is provided with a pressing cap central tube inner flange which extends towards the axis direction, and the pressing cap central tube inner flange is positioned above the outer shoulder of the connecting rod 27.
The upper end of the connecting rod 27 is screwed at the lower end of the adapter 21, a thermometer 23 is arranged in the inner cavity of the adapter 21, a plurality of adapter through holes 21a are uniformly distributed in the middle section of the circumference of the adapter 21 and are communicated with the inner cavity, a lower vibration-proof pad 25 is arranged between the bottom of the thermometer 23 and the upper end of the connecting rod, and the bottom of the thermometer 23 is protected; the upper end of the thermometer 23 is provided with an upper shockproof pad 22 for protecting the top of the thermometer 23; the outer circumferences of the upper end and the lower end of the thermometer 23 are respectively sleeved with a shockproof ring 24, and the outer sides of the shockproof rings 24 are abutted against the inner wall of the adapter 21 to protect the circumference of the thermometer 23. The vibration-proof rings 24 are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the adapter through hole 21a, protect the circumference of the thermometer 23, and do not influence the free flow of liquid through the adapter through hole 21a, so that the thermometer 23 can accurately measure the temperature of the stratum.
The upper end of the adapter joint 21 is in screwed connection with the lower end of the slider joint, the upper end of the setting push cylinder 26 is in screwed connection with the lower end of the lower joint 20, the upper part of the slider joint is provided with a slider joint convex ring, the center Kong Sujing of the lower joint 20 is arranged at the center of the lower joint 20, and the top of the lower joint 20 is abutted under the step of the slider joint convex ring; an annular flow channel is provided between the lower outer wall of the slider joint and the inner wall of the lower joint 20 and the setting push tube 26.
After the shearing ring 37a on the inner wall of the guide body 37 is sheared, the connecting rod 27 is pulled out, and the central holes of the rubber cylinder seat 29 and the rubber cylinder sleeve 29a are used as the self-contained central production channels of the soluble bridge plugs, so that the production can be rapidly put into production. Because the connecting rod 27 is integrally drawn out, the drift diameter of the central production channel is larger, which is beneficial to reducing the flow resistance of the highly-inclined section and improving the requirement of the flow velocity.
The rubber cylinder seat 29 is made of degradable materials, and can realize the drift diameter of a shaft without drilling by means of water degradation treatment in the shaft, so that construction cost is saved, underground operation risks of damaging a sleeve and even generating a new shaft when a bridge plug is drilled are avoided, and single-well production is realized in advance. The bridge plug slips 35 will automatically disintegrate and disperse as the bridge plug body and the packing element 30 are water-soluble and degrade.
When the drilling tool is used in combination with drilling, the soluble bridge plug has good drillability, and can be quickly drilled by adopting a common high-efficiency milling tool.
As shown in fig. 1,5 to 8, the upper inner cavity of the slider joint 17 is inserted with the large end of the conversion mandrel 16, a pair of conversion mandrel kidney-shaped grooves 16a are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the large end of the conversion mandrel 16, a pair of slider joint long grooves 17a extending from the upper part to the lower part are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the slider joint 17, and a pair of lower joint kidney-shaped grooves 20a are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the upper part of the lower joint 20.
The cross head sliding block 19 extending outwards in the radial direction is inserted into the conversion mandrel waist-shaped groove 16a, two ends of the cross head sliding block 19 pass through the corresponding sliding block joint long groove 17a, and two ends of the cross head sliding block 19 are respectively embedded into the lower joint waist-shaped groove 20 a.
The periphery of the upper end of the lower joint 20 is provided with a lower joint diameter reducing section, two sides of the upper end of the crosshead slide block 19 are respectively provided with unfilled corners corresponding to the lower joint diameter reducing section, the periphery of the lower joint diameter reducing section is provided with a slide block check ring 18 and is fixed through screws, a lower port of the slide block check ring 18 is pressed on a step of the crosshead slide block 19, and the inner wall of the slide block check ring 18 is coated on the outer side of the unfilled corners of the crosshead slide block. After the crosshead slide 19 is inserted in place, the slide block check ring 18 is installed to limit the crosshead slide 19, so that the crosshead slide is prevented from slipping.
The two ends of the crosshead slide block 19 are matched with the lower joint kidney-shaped groove 20a, the middle section of the crosshead slide block 19 is matched with the conversion mandrel kidney-shaped groove 16a, the slide block joint long groove 17a provides space for sliding of the crosshead slide block 19, the thrust received by the conversion mandrel 16 is converted to the peripheral lower joint 20 through the bridge action of the crosshead slide block 19, and the setting thrust of the soluble bridge plug is downwards transmitted through the lower joint 20. Before the soluble bridge plug is set, the crosshead shoe 19 is in a free state in the long groove 17a of the shoe joint; when setting, the reaction force received by the lower cylinder sleeve 14 and the like is converted into the lifting force on the adapter 21 through the slider joint 17, the adapter 21 pulls the bottom guide body screw 38 upwards through the connecting rod 27, and the head of the guide body screw 38 shears the shearing ring 37a on the inner wall of the guide body 37, so that releasing is realized.
The upper periphery of the slider joint 17 is screwed below the lower cylinder sleeve 14, and the lower circumference of the lower cylinder sleeve 14 is provided with a lower cylinder sleeve through hole 14a, so that the lower cavity of the lower piston 15 is prevented from generating pressure holding; the upper end of the conversion mandrel 16 extends out of the central hole of the slider joint 17 and moves upwards along the axis of the lower cylinder sleeve 14, the upper end of the conversion mandrel 16 is inserted into a counter bore on the lower end face of the lower piston, the lower piston 15 is of a closed structure, no central hole is arranged, the lower periphery of the lower piston 15 is sealed with the inner wall of the lower cylinder sleeve 14 through a lower piston sealing ring, and a lower piston hydraulic upper cavity is arranged between the upper periphery of the lower piston 15 and the inner wall of the lower cylinder sleeve 14.
The counter bore of lower piston lower terminal surface is smooth hole, and the upper end of conversion dabber 16 is the fluorescent lamp, and the assembly and the dismantlement of being convenient for need only pass through conversion dabber 16 downward transmission thrust to lower piston 15. After releasing, the slider joint 17 moves upward, and when the crosshead slider 19 slides relatively to the bottom of the slider joint long groove 17a, the conversion mandrel 16 is driven to move upward.
The top of the lower piston 15 is propped against the lower part of the central spindle 12, the upper end of the lower cylinder sleeve 14 is screwed with a lower joint 13 between cylinders, the inner wall of the upper end of the lower joint 13 between cylinders is sealed with the outer wall of the central spindle 12 through a sealing ring, the lower end of the central spindle 12 is uniformly distributed with central spindle radial holes 12a which are communicated with the central hole of the lower end of the lower joint 13 between cylinders, and the central hole of the lower end of the lower joint 13 between cylinders is communicated with a hydraulic upper cavity of the lower piston.
The upper periphery of the inter-cylinder lower joint 13 is screwed below the middle cylinder sleeve 10, and the lower periphery of the middle cylinder sleeve 10 is provided with a middle cylinder sleeve through hole 10a; the upper end of the central spindle 12 is screwed at the center of the lower end of the central piston 11, the lower periphery of the central piston 11 is sealed with the inner wall of the central cylinder sleeve 10 through a central piston sealing ring, a central piston hydraulic upper cavity is arranged between the upper periphery of the central piston 11 and the inner wall of the central cylinder sleeve 10, and the central spindle 12 is communicated with a central hole of the central piston 11.
The top of the middle piston 11 is propped against the lower part of the upper mandrel 8, the upper end of the middle cylinder sleeve 10 is screwed with an inter-cylinder upper joint 9, the inner wall of the upper end of the inter-cylinder upper joint 9 is sealed with the outer wall of the upper mandrel 8 through a sealing ring, the lower end of the upper mandrel 8 is uniformly distributed with upper mandrel radial holes 8a which are communicated with the central hole of the lower end of the inter-cylinder upper joint 9, and the central hole of the lower end of the inter-cylinder upper joint 9 is communicated with the hydraulic upper cavity of the middle piston.
The upper periphery of the upper joint 9 between cylinders is connected under the upper cylinder sleeve 5 in a screwed way, and the lower periphery of the upper cylinder sleeve 5 is provided with an upper cylinder sleeve through hole 5a; the upper end of the upper mandrel 8 is screwed at the center of the lower end of the upper piston 6, the lower periphery of the upper piston 6 is sealed with the inner wall of the upper cylinder sleeve 5 through an upper piston O-shaped ring 7, an upper piston hydraulic upper cavity is arranged between the upper periphery of the upper piston 6 and the inner wall of the upper cylinder sleeve 5, and the upper mandrel 8 is communicated with a central hole of the upper piston 6.
The upper piston 6 drives the middle piston 11 through the upper mandrel 8, the middle piston 11 drives the lower piston 15 through the middle mandrel 12, the lower piston 15 drives the conversion mandrel 16, so that the whole pushing force of the pushing down of the three pistons is exerted on the conversion mandrel 16, and the setting and anchoring of the soluble bridge plug are driven through the conversion mandrel 16. The upper cylinder sleeve 5, the middle cylinder sleeve 10 and the lower cylinder sleeve 14 are connected through a cylinder joint, synchronously act, and drive the connecting rod 27 to release through the slider joint 17.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper end of the upper cylinder sleeve 5 is screwed with an inner cavity of an upper joint 1, a valve core 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper joint, upper joint bypass holes 1b are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the middle section of the upper joint, a valve core ring groove I2 e communicated with the upper joint bypass holes 1b is arranged on the periphery of the middle section of the valve core 2, and the valve core ring groove I2 e is communicated with a valve core center hole through uniformly distributed valve core lower radial holes 2 b;
The lower end of the valve core 2 is provided with a valve core reducing section, the lower end of the valve core reducing section is inserted into the inner cavity of the upper end of the valve core retainer ring 4 and is fixed through a valve core shear pin 3, the upper periphery of the valve core retainer ring 4 is connected with the inner wall of the lower end of the upper joint 1 in a rotating way, the lower end of the valve core retainer ring 4 is provided with a valve core retainer ring expanding section, the valve core retainer ring expanding section is sleeved on the upper periphery of the upper piston 6, the outer step of the valve core retainer ring expanding section is propped against the lower part of the first inner step of the upper joint 1, the upper part of the valve core retainer ring 4 is provided with a valve core lower cavity, the upper part of the valve core lower cavity is provided with a valve core convex ring, and the valve core convex ring is propped against the lower part of the second inner step of the upper joint 1;
The periphery of the upper part of the valve core 2 is provided with a valve core ring groove four 2c, and the central hole of the valve core is communicated with the valve core ring groove four 2c through a radial hole 2a on the valve core; a valve core ring groove II 2d is arranged between the valve core ring groove IV 2c and the valve core ring groove I2 e, a valve core sealing ring I is arranged above the valve core ring groove IV 2c, a valve core sealing ring II is arranged between the valve core ring groove IV 2c and the valve core ring groove II 2d, and a valve core sealing ring III is arranged above the valve core lower radial hole 2 b; an upper joint inner ring groove 1a is arranged on the inner wall of the central hole of the upper joint 1, and the lower part of the upper joint inner ring groove 1a is communicated with the upper part of a valve core ring groove II 2 d; the upper end of the valve core is provided with a valve core bell mouth with a big upper part and a small lower part.
The well flushing is needed before setting, the upper joint bypass hole 1b is communicated with the valve core lower radial hole 2b, well flushing liquid enters the valve core central hole, and because a channel below the well flushing liquid is not communicated, the well flushing liquid flows out of the valve core lower radial hole 2b, enters the valve core annular groove 1 e, flows out through the upper joint bypass hole 1b, enters an annulus between a tool and a sleeve, and ascends along the sleeve annulus to bring down-hole impurities and sand grains to the ground.
Putting resin balls into the tool, setting the resin balls on the bell mouth of the valve core 2, generating pressure holding above the valve core 2 to 4-6MPa, cutting off the valve core shear pins 3, allowing the valve core 2 to move downwards, and allowing the periphery of the lower end of the valve core to slide downwards along the inner wall of the valve core retainer ring 4 until the lower step of the valve core 2 abuts against the top of the valve core retainer ring 4.
At this time, the first valve core sealing ring reaches the upper joint inner ring groove 1a, and the first valve core sealing ring fails in sealing; the second valve core ring groove 2d is opposite to the upper joint bypass hole 1b, the second valve core sealing ring seals the upper part of the upper joint bypass hole 1b, and the third valve core sealing ring seals the lower part of the upper joint bypass hole 1b, so that leakage to a tool annular space is avoided; the spool lower radial hole 2b reaches below the second inner step of the upper joint 1.
The liquid flow above the tool enters the inner annular groove 1a of the upper joint, then enters the central hole of the valve core through the annular groove four 2c of the valve core and the upper radial hole 2a of the valve core, and the liquid flow in the central hole of the valve core enters the hydraulic upper cavity of the upper piston 6 from the lower radial hole 2b of the valve core; similarly, the liquid flow descending along the central passage enters the hydraulic upper cavity of the middle piston 11 from the upper mandrel radial hole 8a, enters the hydraulic upper cavity of the lower piston 15 from the middle mandrel radial hole 12a, and the upper piston 6, the middle piston 11 and the lower piston 15 are stressed simultaneously, the upper piston 6 pushes the upper mandrel 8 to descend, and the lower cavity of the upper piston 6 is decompressed outwards through the upper cylinder sleeve through hole 5a and discharges sand.
The lower end of the upper mandrel 8 pushes the middle piston 11 to move downwards, the middle piston 11 pushes the middle mandrel 12 to move downwards, and the lower cavity of the middle piston 11 is decompressed outwards through the middle cylinder sleeve through hole 10a and sand is discharged; the lower end of the central spindle 12 pushes the lower piston 15 to move downwards, and the lower cavity of the lower piston 15 is decompressed outwards through the lower cylinder sleeve through hole 14a and discharges sand; the lower piston 15 pushes the conversion mandrel 16 to move downwards, the lower end of the conversion mandrel 16 pushes the crosshead slide 19 to move downwards, the middle part of the crosshead slide 19 slides in the slide joint long groove 17a, the two ends of the crosshead slide 19 push the lower joint 20 to move downwards, and the slide joint 17 is kept motionless.
The slide block retainer 18 follows the lower joint 20 to move downwards, the lower end of the lower joint 20 pushes the setting push cylinder 26 to move downwards, the setting push cylinder 26 pushes the rubber cylinder seat 29 to move downwards, and the rubber cylinder 30 is extruded downwards to expand the middle part of the rubber cylinder outwards until the rubber cylinder is set on the inner wall of the sleeve. In the descending process of the rubber sleeve 29a, the outer side of the lower end of the rubber sleeve is mutually embedded with the inner ratchet of the anti-return lock ring 34 at the outer ratchet, so that the rubber sleeve seat 29 is prevented from retreating upwards, and the rubber sleeve 30 cannot be unsealed accidentally after being seated. While the outer cone 33 descends along the inner conical surface of the bridge plug slips 35 to prop open the bridge plug slips 35 until the outer cone is pressed against the inner wall of the casing to achieve anchoring.
The long groove 17a of the slider joint guides the crosshead slider 19 to avoid rotation, and provides enough travel for the crosshead slider 19 to descend, so that the rubber cylinder 30 is reliably seated, and the bridge plug slips 35 are reliably anchored.
When releasing, the soluble bridge plug is set, the lower connector 20 and the setting pushing cylinder 26 cannot continue to descend, the wellhead temperature is continuously increased, at the moment, under the action of the reaction force, the lower piston 15 is taken as an example, the temperature of the hydraulic upper cavity of the lower piston pushes the inter-cylinder lower connector 13 to ascend, the inter-cylinder lower connector 13 drives the sliding block connector 17 to ascend through the lower cylinder sleeve 14, the lower end of the sliding block connector 17 drives the conversion connector 21 to ascend, and the conversion connector 21 drives the thermometer 23 and the connecting rod 27 to ascend, so that the shearing ring 37a on the inner wall of the guide body 37 is sheared.
The lifting tool, the lower cylinder sleeve 14 is lifted up with the sliding block joint 17, the sliding block joint 17 is lifted up with the conversion joint 21, the upper port of the conversion joint 21 is hung on the inner step of the lower joint 20, the lower joint 20 and the setting push cylinder 26 are lifted up to the wellhead, the decomposing tool is taken out, the thermometer 23 is taken out, and the recorded downhole temperature is read to provide basis for the preparation of cement paste.
The soluble ball is put into the upper end of the rubber cylinder seat 29, and the soluble ball is set on the bell mouth at the upper end to cut off the channel at the upper part. When the liner is well cemented, the oil layer below the soluble bridge plug is not affected.
As shown in fig. 9 to 11, the hydraulic back-off device used in the present invention comprises a cylindrical body 41, a body center hole 41b is provided along the axis of the cylindrical body 41, a tapered back-tooth female buckle 41a is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical body 41, a sealing joint 40 is screwed at the lower end of the cylindrical body 41, a tapered back-tooth male buckle 40b is provided at the lower end of the sealing joint 40, the center hole of the sealing joint 40 is communicated with the body center hole 41b, a setting ring 40a is provided at the middle section of the sealing joint center hole, and a steel ball 39 is set on the setting ring 40 a; the outer wall of the cylindrical body 41 is provided with a plurality of rows of body counter bores, the centers of the body counter bores are respectively communicated with the body center hole 41b through body radial holes 41c, the back-off slips are respectively embedded in the body counter bores, the outer end faces of the back-off slips are respectively provided with back-off slip counter bores, pressure springs 45 are respectively arranged in the back-off slip counter bores, the outer end heads of the pressure springs 45 respectively lean against the inner wall of the pressing plates 46, the pressing plates 46 are respectively embedded in the axial long grooves of the outer wall of the cylindrical body 41 and are fixed through countersunk screws 47, the outer end faces of the back-off slips are respectively provided with pressing plate avoidance grooves extending along the axial direction of the body, and the back-off slip anchoring faces on the two sides of the pressing plates 46 can respectively extend out from the two sides of the pressing plates 46 to avoid interference with the pressing plates 46 in the expansion process of the back-off slips.
The two ends of the pressing plate 46 and between the adjacent back-off slips are respectively provided with a pressing plate screw hole, the pressing plate screw holes are stepped holes with wide outside and narrow inside, each countersunk head screw 47 respectively penetrates through each pressing plate screw hole to be screwed into the screw hole of the cylindrical body 41, and the head of each countersunk head screw 47 is respectively embedded into the big hole at the outer end of each pressing plate screw hole.
The inner wall of each pressing plate 46 is provided with a plurality of pressing plate positioning holes, and the outer end heads of each pressure spring 45 are respectively embedded in the corresponding pressing plate positioning holes, so that the inner end heads and the outer end heads of the pressure springs 45 are positioned, and deflection in the compression or extension process is avoided.
The periphery of the bottom of each back-off slip is embedded with a back-off slip sealing ring 44 respectively, and the back-off slip sealing ring 44 is used for sealing the inner wall of the counter bore of the body, so that pressure relief caused by liquid leakage is avoided.
The back-off slips are respectively and symmetrically arranged in four rows along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 41, namely, one row of back-off slips is arranged at intervals of 390 degrees, and the four directions are synchronous to realize anchoring.
Each pressing plate 46 corresponds to five back-off slips respectively, axial slips 42 are respectively embedded in body counter bores at the uppermost end and the lowermost end of each row, and radial slips 43 are respectively embedded in body counter bores at the middle part of each row. The back-off slip anchoring surface of the axial slip 42 is provided with anchoring teeth extending along the horizontal direction, so that the axial pulling and pressing load can be borne, and the hydraulic back-off device and the inner wall of the sleeve are prevented from sliding axially. The back-off slip anchoring surface of the radial slip 43 is provided with anchoring teeth extending vertically, so that the back-off and fastening torque can be borne, and the hydraulic back-off device and the inner wall of the sleeve are prevented from rotating relatively.
As shown in fig. 12, the oil-increasing method of the casing damage well hole-repairing-free suspension of the invention sequentially comprises the following steps,
Step1: finding out the damage points of the free section and the well cementation section of the sleeve, and confirming that the damage points of the well cementation section are above the oil layer;
Step 2: the well dredging and scraping are carried out on the casing above the oil layer;
Step 3: completing the replacement of the damaged casing pipe at the free section;
Step 4: connecting a plugging combination tool at the lower end of the pipe column, and sending the plugging combination tool into the well to enable the soluble bridge plug E to reach a setting well section;
Step 5: cleaning a shaft by utilizing a valve body bypass hole of the plugging combination tool;
Step 6: the resin ball is thrown to close the valve body bypass hole and unclamp the setting driving mechanism;
Step 7: pressurizing a wellhead to enable the soluble bridge plug E to be set between a well cementation section damage point and an oil layer;
Step 8: continuously pressurizing the wellhead, releasing the components above the soluble bridge plug E, and providing the wellhead to read the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
Step 9: casting a soluble ball to enable the soluble ball to fall on the upper port of the just-set bridge plug;
Step 10: a tail pipe column is arranged above the soluble bridge plug E, and comprises a floating shoe D, a floating hoop C, a tail pipe B and a hanger A from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the damage point of a well cementation section corresponds to the middle section of the tail pipe B;
Step 11: hanging the hanger A on the inner wall of the sleeve;
step 12: preparing cement slurry for well cementation according to the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
Step 13: injecting cement paste, wherein the cement paste descends along the tail pipe string, flows out from the lower port of the floating shoe D, and ascends along the annular space between the tail pipe B and the sleeve to above the damage point of the well cementation section;
Step 14: injecting displacement fluid, displacing cement paste in the tail pipe B, and then entering a waiting setting;
Step 15: float collar C and float shoe D at bottom of drill tail pipe B of running mill shoe
Step 14: injecting displacement fluid, displacing cement paste in the tail pipe, and then entering a waiting setting;
Step 15: the floating hoop C, the floating shoe D and cement ash at the bottom of the tail pipe are drilled in the grinding shoe;
step 16: the soluble bridge plug E is dissolved, the oil flow channel is restored, and normal production of oil extraction is achieved. The downhole liquid can be used for natural dissolution, or specific solution can be injected for accelerating dissolution.
Step3 comprises the following sub-steps:
Step 3.1: a hydraulic back-off device is arranged in the casing to release the damaged casing of the free section from the casing below;
Step 3.2: lifting the hydraulic back-off device out of the wellhead;
step 3.3: the broken casing pipe of the free section is lifted out of the wellhead section by section;
Step 3.4: and (4) inserting new casings section by section, and screwing the lower ends of the new casings with the underground intact casings.
Step 3.5: the lower end of the drill rod is screwed with a hydraulic fastener, the upper end of the hydraulic fastener adopts a conical orthodontic button, and the rest structure is the same as that of the hydraulic back-off device;
step 3.6: the hydraulic fastener is lowered to the lowest section of the new sleeve;
step 3.7: putting steel balls into the drill rod, wherein the steel balls are arranged at the setting ring of the sealing joint for setting;
step 3.8: pressing the drill rod through the wellhead, and tightly clamping the inner wall of the sleeve by each clamping slip under the action of hydraulic pressure;
step 3.9: rotating the drill rod positively to fasten the new sleeve and the original sleeve to proper torque;
step 3.10: and releasing pressure at the wellhead, retracting each fastening slip under the action of the pushing force of the pressure spring, and then taking out the liquid to press the fastener.
In step 3.1, the operation steps of the hydraulic back-off device are as follows:
S1, connecting a conical inverted tooth female buckle at the upper end of a cylindrical body to the lower end of a drill rod, and lowering the drill rod below a sleeve needing to be replaced;
s2, putting steel balls into the drill rod, and setting the steel balls at a setting ring of the sealing joint;
S3, pressing the inside of the drill rod through the wellhead, and enabling each back-off slip to extend outwards under the action of hydraulic pressure to overcome the tension of the pressure spring until the back-off slip is snapped on the inner wall of the sleeve;
s4, reversing the drill rod, backing up the threads of the locking sleeve, and separating the locking sleeve from the sleeve below;
S5, releasing pressure of the wellhead, and retracting each back-off slip under the action of pressure spring pushing force.
The foregoing description is only of a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention. The technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein.
Claims (9)
1. A casing damage well hole-repairing-free hanging oil increasing method is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence,
Step1: finding out the damage points of the free section and the well cementation section of the sleeve, and confirming that the damage points of the well cementation section are above the oil layer;
Step 2: the well dredging and scraping are carried out on the casing above the oil layer;
Step 3: completing the replacement of the damaged casing pipe at the free section;
Step 4: connecting a plugging combination tool at the lower end of the pipe column, and sending the plugging combination tool into the well to enable the soluble bridge plug to reach a setting well section;
Step 5: cleaning a shaft by utilizing a valve body bypass hole of the plugging combination tool;
Step 6: the resin ball is thrown to close the valve body bypass hole and unclamp the setting driving mechanism;
Step7: pressurizing a wellhead to enable a soluble bridge plug to be set between a well cementation section damage point and an oil layer;
Step 8: continuously pressurizing the wellhead, releasing the parts above the soluble bridge plug, and raising the wellhead to read the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
Step 9: casting a soluble ball to enable the soluble ball to fall on the upper port of the just-set bridge plug;
Step 10: a tail pipe column is arranged above the soluble bridge plug, the tail pipe column sequentially comprises a floating shoe, a floating hoop, a tail pipe and a hanger from bottom to top, and the damage point of the well cementation section corresponds to the middle section of the tail pipe;
step 11: the hanger is hung on the inner wall of the sleeve;
step 12: preparing cement slurry for well cementation according to the measured actual temperature of the stratum;
step 13: injecting cement paste, wherein the cement paste descends along the tail pipe string, flows out from the lower port of the floating shoe, and ascends along the annular space of the tail pipe and the sleeve to the position above the damage point of the well cementation section;
Step 14: injecting displacement fluid, displacing cement paste in the tail pipe, and then entering a waiting setting;
Step 15: the floating collar, the floating shoe and cement ash at the bottom of the tail pipe are drilled in the grinding shoe;
Step 16: dissolving the soluble bridge plug and recovering an oil flow channel;
Step3 comprises the following sub-steps:
Step 3.1: a hydraulic back-off device is arranged in the casing to release the damaged casing of the free section from the casing below;
Step 3.2: lifting the hydraulic back-off device out of the wellhead;
step 3.3: the broken casing pipe of the free section is lifted out of the wellhead section by section;
step 3.4: a new sleeve is put in section by section, and the lower end of the new sleeve is screwed with the underground well sleeve;
The hydraulic back-off device comprises a cylindrical body, a body center hole is formed along the axis of the cylindrical body, a conical back-tooth female buckle is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical body, a sealing joint is connected at the lower end of the cylindrical body in a screwed mode, a conical back-tooth male buckle is arranged at the lower end of the sealing joint, the center hole of the sealing joint is communicated with the body center hole, and a setting ring is arranged at the middle section of the sealing joint center hole; the outer wall of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of rows of body counter bores, the center of each body counter bore is communicated with the body center hole through a body radial hole, inverted slips are respectively embedded in each body counter bore, the outer end faces of each inverted slips are respectively provided with inverted slip counter bores, pressure springs are respectively arranged in each inverted slip counter bore, the outer ends of each pressure spring respectively lean against the inner wall of the pressure plate, each pressure plate is respectively embedded in an axial long groove of the outer wall of the cylindrical body and is fixed through countersunk screws, the outer end faces of each inverted slip are respectively provided with a pressure plate avoiding groove extending along the axial direction of the body, and inverted slip anchoring faces on two sides of each pressure plate avoiding groove can respectively extend out from two sides of the pressure plate;
the plugging combination tool comprises a well flushing valve, a setting driving mechanism, a temperature detection mechanism and a soluble bridge plug from top to bottom, wherein the soluble bridge plug comprises a connecting rod, a guide body is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod, a bridge plug slip is propped against the upper part of the guide body, the inner conical surface of the upper part of the bridge plug slip is matched with the small end of an outer cone, a rubber cylinder is arranged above the large end of the outer cone, the rubber cylinder and the outer cone are both sleeved on the periphery of a rubber cylinder sleeve, and the rubber cylinder sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting rod; the lower end of the central hole of the outer cone is provided with an inner cone ring groove, a stop lock ring is embedded in the inner cone ring groove, and an inner ratchet tooth of the stop lock ring is clamped on an outer ratchet tooth at the periphery of the lower end of the rubber sleeve; the upper portion of the rubber sleeve is provided with a rubber sleeve seat with an outward protrusion, a lower shoulder of the rubber sleeve seat is upwards sunken to form a rubber sleeve seat caulking groove, and the upper end of the rubber sleeve is embedded in the rubber sleeve seat caulking groove.
2. The oil adding method for casing damage well hole-repairing-free hanging according to claim 1, wherein the operation steps of the hydraulic back-off device are as follows:
S1, connecting a conical inverted tooth female buckle at the upper end of a cylindrical body to the lower end of a drill rod, and lowering the drill rod below a sleeve needing to be replaced;
s2, putting steel balls into the drill rod, and setting the steel balls at a setting ring of the sealing joint;
S3, pressing the inside of the drill rod through the wellhead, and enabling each back-off slip to extend outwards under the action of hydraulic pressure to overcome the tension of the pressure spring until the back-off slip is snapped on the inner wall of the sleeve;
s4, reversing the drill rod, backing up the threads of the locking sleeve, and separating the locking sleeve from the sleeve below;
S5, releasing pressure of the wellhead, and retracting each back-off slip under the action of pressure spring pushing force.
3. The oil-increasing method of casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
step 3.5: the lower end of the drill rod is screwed with a hydraulic fastener, the upper end of the hydraulic fastener adopts a conical orthodontic button, and the rest structure is the same as that of the hydraulic back-off device;
step 3.6: the hydraulic fastener is lowered to the lowest section of the new sleeve;
step 3.7: putting steel balls into the drill rod, wherein the steel balls are arranged at the setting ring of the sealing joint for setting;
step 3.8: pressing the drill rod through the wellhead, and tightly clamping the inner wall of the sleeve by each clamping slip under the action of hydraulic pressure;
step 3.9: rotating the drill rod positively to fasten the new sleeve and the original sleeve to proper torque;
step 3.10: and releasing pressure at the wellhead, retracting each fastening slip under the action of the pushing force of the pressure spring, and then taking out the liquid to press the fastener.
4. The oil-increasing method for casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension according to claim 1, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the upper end of the rubber cylinder seat is provided with a rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section, the periphery of the rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section is sleeved with an upward extending setting pushing cylinder, the lower end of the setting pushing cylinder is propped against the shoulder of the rubber cylinder seat, the upper end of the rubber cylinder seat diameter-reducing section is provided with a horn mouth and is covered with a pressing cap, the center of the upper end face of the pressing cap extends upwards to form a pressing cap central tube, and the pressing cap central tube is fixed on the connecting rod through a retaining pin.
5. The oil-increasing method of casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension according to claim 4, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the lower end of the adapter in a rotating way, a thermometer is arranged in the inner cavity of the adapter, a plurality of adapter through holes are uniformly distributed in the middle section of the circumference of the adapter and are communicated with the inner cavity, a lower shock pad is arranged between the bottom of the thermometer and the upper end of the connecting rod, an upper shock pad is arranged at the upper end of the thermometer, shock-proof rings are respectively sleeved on the peripheries of the upper end and the lower end of the thermometer, and the outer sides of the shock-proof rings are propped against the inner wall of the adapter.
6. The oil-increasing method for casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension according to claim 1, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the middle section of the inner wall of the central hole of the guide body is provided with a shearing ring, the lower end of the connecting rod is inserted into the central hole of the guide body and abuts against the upper end face of the shearing ring, the guide body screw is screwed into the screw hole of the lower end of the connecting rod from bottom to top, and the head of the guide body screw abuts against the lower end face of the shearing ring.
7. The oil-increasing method of casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension according to claim 5, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the upper end of the conversion joint is in screwed connection with the lower end of the sliding block joint, the upper end of the setting pushing cylinder is in screwed connection with the lower end of the lower joint, a sliding block joint convex ring is arranged on the upper part of the sliding block joint, the center Kong Sujing of the lower joint is arranged at the center of the lower joint, and the top of the lower joint is abutted under a step of the sliding block joint convex ring; an annular liquid flow channel is arranged between the outer wall of the lower part of the sliding block joint and the inner wall of the lower joint and the setting pushing cylinder.
8. The oil-increasing method of casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension of claim 7, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the upper inner cavity of the sliding block joint is inserted with the large end of the conversion mandrel, the circumference of the large end of the conversion mandrel is symmetrically provided with a pair of conversion mandrel kidney-shaped grooves, the circumference of the sliding block joint is symmetrically provided with a pair of sliding block joint long grooves extending from the upper part to the lower part, and the circumference of the upper part of the lower joint is symmetrically provided with a pair of lower joint kidney-shaped grooves; the cross head sliding blocks extending outwards in the radial direction are inserted into the waist-shaped grooves of the conversion mandrel, two ends of each cross head sliding block penetrate through the corresponding sliding block joint long grooves, and two ends of each cross head sliding block are respectively embedded into the waist-shaped grooves of the lower joint.
9. The oil-increasing method of casing damage well hole-filling-free suspension of claim 8, wherein the oil-increasing method comprises the following steps: the periphery of the upper end of the lower joint is provided with a lower joint diameter reduction section, two sides of the upper end of the cross head sliding block are respectively provided with a unfilled corner corresponding to the lower joint diameter reduction section, the periphery of the lower joint diameter reduction section is sleeved with a sliding block check ring and fixed through screws, a lower port of the sliding block check ring is pressed on a step of the cross head sliding block, and the inner wall of the sliding block check ring is coated on the outer side of the unfilled corner of the cross head sliding block.
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| CN114737941B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2024-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Staged fracturing construction method for long well section |
| CN115059427B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-28 | 山东方科石油技术有限公司 | Underground casing pipe repairing device and operation method |
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