CN113090227A - Multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string - Google Patents
Multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string Download PDFInfo
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- CN113090227A CN113090227A CN202010020576.XA CN202010020576A CN113090227A CN 113090227 A CN113090227 A CN 113090227A CN 202010020576 A CN202010020576 A CN 202010020576A CN 113090227 A CN113090227 A CN 113090227A
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- cylinder
- sealing assembly
- upper sealing
- push
- fracturing string
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The invention discloses a multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string which comprises a lightweight all-alloy soluble bridge plug (3), a setting tool (5) and a perforation tool (6) which are sequentially arranged; the light-weight full-alloy soluble bridge plug (3) comprises a central pipe (316), an upper sealing assembly (33) and a lower sealing assembly (35), wherein the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) can be combined into a cylinder with complete circumferential direction; the setting tool (5) can enable the push cylinder (32) to push the upper sealing assembly (33) to move along the axial direction under the condition that the central pipe (316) is kept static. The multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string contains a light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug, and can shorten the production period of a horizontal well, so that the aims of high efficiency, energy conservation, maintenance cost reduction and operation efficiency improvement are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil exploitation equipment, in particular to a multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string.
Background
With the increase of the demand of unconventional oil and gas exploitation, the horizontal well staged fracturing technology has wider and wider application prospects in the aspects of reservoir transformation and single well yield improvement. At present, drillable bridge plugs (including large-drift-diameter bridge plugs, fast-drilling bridge plugs and the like) are mostly adopted in the staged fracturing technology of horizontal wells. The drillable bridge plug is in that the drilling tool must be gone down to grind and mill the operation after fracturing construction, easily causes the accident in the pit, and the operation construction cost is high, and piece and operation mud easily pollute the reservoir simultaneously. Therefore, the development of the soluble bridge plug which can reduce the cost and simplify the fracturing process is of great significance.
The soluble bridge plug can be dissolved automatically after fracturing construction is completed, salvage and drilling and grinding are avoided, and a full-bore shaft is left for production and later measures without any intervention. Compared with a drillable bridge plug, the soluble bridge plug can reduce operation risk and cost and provide powerful technical support for increasing production in the later period of the oil field.
At present, the soluble bridge plug at home and abroad adopts a rubber material to manufacture a rubber cylinder to ensure the plugging effect, but the problem that the rubber material cannot be dissolved or the dissolution rate is low and cannot ensure the same dissolution rate as that of soluble metal is generally existed, the rubber cylinder cannot be dissolved, so that a full-bore shaft cannot be left for operation, the well dredging operation is required, the overall dissolution time of the bridge plug is longer due to the slow dissolution rate of the rubber cylinder, and the production period is increased after fracturing construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the efficiency of multilayer fracturing, the invention provides a multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string which contains a light-weight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug, so that the aims of high efficiency, energy conservation, maintenance cost reduction and operation efficiency improvement are fulfilled.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string comprises a lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug, a setting tool and a perforating tool which are sequentially arranged; the light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug comprises a central pipe, a setting mechanism and a slip mechanism which are arranged up and down are sleeved outside the central pipe, the setting mechanism comprises an inner guide cylinder, a push cylinder, an upper sealing assembly and a lower sealing assembly, wherein the central pipe, the inner guide cylinder and the push cylinder are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the upper sealing assembly and the lower sealing assembly are arranged up and down, the upper sealing assembly comprises a plurality of upper sealing blocks arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the lower sealing assembly comprises a plurality of lower sealing blocks arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, a gap is formed between every two adjacent lower sealing blocks, the upper sealing blocks correspond to the gaps one by one, in the process that the push cylinder pushes the upper sealing assembly to move downwards along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly and the lower sealing assembly are overlapped gradually along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly and the lower sealing assembly are gradually far away from the axis of the central tube along the radial direction, and the upper sealing assembly and the lower sealing assembly can be combined into a cylinder with complete circumferential direction; the setting tool can make the push cylinder push the upper sealing assembly to move axially under the condition that the central pipe is kept static.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the first layer of operation is carried out by using the pressure explosion valve, so that one-time cable operation work is reduced, and the aims of high efficiency, energy conservation, reduction of maintenance cost and improvement of operation efficiency are fulfilled.
2. By using the light-duty all-alloy soluble bridge plug, the production period of the fracturing string of the horizontal well after construction is finished is shortened, and the aims of high efficiency, energy conservation, maintenance cost reduction and operation efficiency improvement are fulfilled.
3. The light-weight full-alloy dissolvable bridge plug, the setting tool and the horizontal well perforation tool are simultaneously put in, the bridge plug setting and the perforation actions are simultaneously completed, the construction steps are reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
4. The construction is carried out repeatedly through the same tubular column, the effect of multilayer fracturing is reached, after the construction, dissolve by oneself in the short period, exempt from to salvage, exempt from to bore and grind, need not any intervention and leave the pit shaft of full latus rectum and be used for production and later stage measure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a lightened all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the pusher.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pusher.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the pusher.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an inner guide barrel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an upper seal block.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the lower seal block.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the base in a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 2.
FIG. 11 is a side expanded schematic view of the upper and lower seal assemblies.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the base portion of fig. 2.
Figure 13 is an assembly view of the setting tool of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the upper portion of fig. 12.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged schematic view of the middle portion of fig. 12.
Fig. 16 is an enlarged schematic view of the lower portion of fig. 12.
Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken along the direction D-D in fig. 16.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a seated connection.
FIG. 19 is a schematic of fracturing a first zone.
FIG. 20 is a schematic representation of fracturing a second zone.
FIG. 21 is a schematic after fracturing a second zone.
FIG. 22 is a schematic representation of fracturing the Nth zone.
FIG. 23 is a schematic after fracturing the Nth zone.
1. Artificial well bottom; 2. a perforation section; 3. the light-weight full alloy dissolvable bridge plug; 4. a seat seal connecting tool; 5. setting a tool; 6. a perforation tool; 7. a cable; 8. a wellhead; 9. a soluble ball; 10. a pressure burst valve;
31. an inner guide cylinder; 32. a push cylinder; 33. an upper seal assembly; 34. an upper sealing rubber strip; 35. a lower seal assembly; 36. a lower sealing rubber strip; 37. a base; 38. an upper hoop; 39. an upper slip seat; 310. ceramic particles; 311. a lower hoop; 312. an upper cone; 313. a lower cone; 314. a lower slip seat; 315. a push ring is pushed down; 316. a central tube;
3101. an outer rib; 3102. an outer chute; 3103. an outer slide way;
3201. a cylinder section; 3202. a circular ring section; 3203. a conical surface section; 3204. a split claw; 3205. an axial guide groove; 3206. an axial insertion groove;
3301. an upper sealing block; 3302. an inner slide block; 3303. a first pin shaft;
3501. a lower seal block; 3502. a second pin shaft;
3701. an inner cylinder; 3702. an outer cylinder; 3703. a first connecting plate; 3704. a second connecting plate; 3705. a through-hole chute;
31601. an annular groove;
41. an inner casing; 42. an outer casing;
51. an upper joint; 52. a sliding sleeve; 53. a sliding sleeve fixing ring; 54. a cylinder head; 55. an upper cylinder barrel; 56. a sliding sleeve plug; 57. an upper piston; 58. a center pole; 59. an intermediate joint; 510. a lower cylinder barrel; 511. a lower piston; 512. a push rod; 513. a lower joint; 514. setting a pull rod; 515. a locking block retaining ring; 516. a locking block; 517. setting a push cylinder; 518. setting a ball; 519. shearing the pin; 520. releasing the pin; 521. a socket head cap screw; 522. a first inner hexagonal cone end fastening screw; 523. a second inner hexagonal cone end fastening screw; 524. a third inner hexagonal cone end fastening screw; 525. a first seal ring; 526. a second seal ring; 527. a third seal ring; 528. a fourth seal ring; 529. a fifth seal ring; 530. a lateral pressure balancing through hole; 531. a first through hole; 532. a second through hole; 533. an upper hydraulic chamber; 534. a lower hydraulic chamber; 535. a lower through hole; 536. an axial through slot; 537. a trapezoidal ring groove.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string comprises a lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3, a setting tool 5 and a perforation tool 6 which are sequentially arranged; the light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3 comprises a central tube 316, a setting mechanism and a slip mechanism which are arranged up and down are sleeved outside the central tube 316, the setting mechanism comprises an inner guide tube 31, a push tube 32, an upper sealing assembly 33 and a lower sealing assembly 35, the central tube 316, the inner guide tube 31 and the push tube 32 are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are arranged up and down, the upper sealing assembly 33 comprises a plurality of upper sealing blocks 3301 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the lower sealing assembly 35 comprises a plurality of lower sealing blocks 3501 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, a gap is formed between every two adjacent lower sealing blocks 3501, the upper sealing blocks 3301 are in one-to-one correspondence with the gap, in the process that the push tube 32 pushes the upper sealing assembly 33 to move downwards along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are gradually overlapped along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are gradually far, the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 can be combined into a cylinder with complete circumferential direction; the setting tool 5 can make the push cylinder 32 push the upper seal assembly 33 to move axially under the condition that the central pipe 316 is kept static, so that the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 can be combined into a complete cylinder in the circumferential direction, as shown in fig. 1 to 12.
In the present embodiment, the center tube 316 is in an upright state, and the axis of the center tube 316, the axis of the inner guide cylinder 31, and the axis of the push cylinder 32 coincide. The center tube 316 is fixed to the inner guide cylinder 31 by a screw thread, the push cylinder 32 includes a cylindrical section 3201, a circular section 3202 and a conical section 3203, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are both located outside the conical section 3203. The ring segment 3202 is used to push the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 downward along the axial direction of the central tube 316, and the conical surface segment 3203 is substantially in a conical structure with the top end facing downward and the bottom end facing upward, as shown in fig. 4 to 6.
In this embodiment, the tapered surface section 3203 includes a plurality of split claws 3204 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the number of the split claws 3204 is equal to the sum of the number of the upper seal blocks 3301 and the number of the lower seal blocks 3501, for example, the upper seal assembly 33 includes 2 upper seal blocks 3301, the lower seal assembly 35 includes 2 lower seal blocks 3501, and the tapered surface section 3203 includes 4 split claws 3204. In the circumferential direction of the push cylinder 32, the interval between two adjacent split claws 3204 forms axial guide grooves 3205 and axial insertion grooves 3206 which are alternately arranged.
In this embodiment, the lower portion of the inner guide cylinder 31 is provided with an outer convex edge 3101, the outer convex edge 3101 is arranged along the axial direction of the central tube 316, the outer convex edge 3101 is correspondingly inserted into the axial insertion groove 3206 one by one, that is, the outer convex edge 3101 is inserted into the axial insertion groove 3206 in a matching manner, the lower portion of the inner guide cylinder 31 is provided with two outer convex edges 3101, the two outer convex edges 3101 are symmetrically arranged in front and back, and the outer surface of the outer convex edge 3101 is provided with an outer sliding groove 3102, as shown in fig. 7.
In this embodiment, the distance from the upper end of the outer sliding chute 3102 to the axis of the central tube 316 is smaller than the distance from the lower end of the outer sliding chute 3102 to the axis of the central tube 316, an inner sliding block 3302 is arranged on the inner surface of the upper sealing block 3301, the inner sliding block 3302 is inserted into the outer sliding chute 3102 in a matching manner, the upper sealing block 3301 can slide along the outer sliding chute 3102 by means of the inner sliding block 3302, and the inner surfaces of the upper sealing blocks 3301 on both sides of the inner sliding block 3302 are matched with the outer surfaces of the split claws 3204 on both sides of the axial insertion groove.
In order to prevent the upper sealing block 3301 from separating from the inner guide cylinder 31, the outer slide ways 3103 are arranged on both sides of the outer slide way 3102, the outer slide ways 3103 are parallel to the outer slide way 3102, the inner slide block 3302 is connected with the outer slide ways 3103 through the first pin 3303, and the axis of the first pin 3303 is perpendicular to the axis of the central tube 316. The first pin 3303 passes through the inner block 3302, and both ends of the first pin 3303 are located in the outer slide 3103.
In this embodiment, a base 37 is sleeved outside the center tube 316, the base 37 is located below the lower seal assembly 35, the base 37 is of a sleeve-type structure, the base 37 includes an inner barrel 3701 and an outer barrel 3702, the inner barrel 3701 and the outer barrel 3702 are connected by a first connecting plate 3703, an axially through channel is formed between the inner barrel 3701 and the outer barrel 3702, the first connecting plate 3703 can be inserted into the axially guiding groove 3205 in a matching manner, an upper end surface of the first connecting plate 3703 is an inclined surface, an inner end of the inclined surface is higher than an outer end of the inclined surface, a through-hole sliding groove 3705 is arranged in an upper end of the first connecting plate 3703, the through-hole sliding groove 3705 is elongated, the through-hole sliding groove 3705 is parallel to the inclined surface, the lower seal block 3501 is connected with the through-hole sliding groove 3705 by a second pin 3502, the second pin 3502 passes through the through-hole sliding groove 3705, both ends of the second pin 3502 are located at the lower seal block 3501, and, the second pin 3502 can prevent the lower sealing block 3501 from separating from the base 37, the axis of the second pin 3502 is perpendicular to the axis of the central tube 316, and the lower sealing block 3501 can slide along the through-hole sliding groove 3705. The inner surface of the lower seal block 3501 mates with the outer surface of the split pawls 3204 on both sides of the axial guide slot 3205.
In this embodiment, the side of the upper sealing block 3301 is unfolded to form an isosceles trapezoid structure with a downward top end and an upward bottom end, and the side of the lower sealing block 3501 is unfolded to form an isosceles trapezoid structure with an upward top end and a downward bottom end, so that when the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are combined into a cylinder with a complete circumferential direction, the contact surfaces of the upper sealing block 3301 and the lower sealing block 3501 are matched, that is, the inclined surfaces of the two sides of the upper sealing block 3301 and the inclined surfaces of the two sides of the lower sealing block 3501 are completely matched. The meaning of a cylinder with complete circumferential direction is that no notch penetrating along the axial direction is arranged on the cylinder wall of the cylinder, and the cylinder wall of the cylinder is continuous within the range of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction.
In this embodiment, the embedded arc-shaped upper joint strip 34 that is equipped with in outside surface of upper seal block 3301, the embedded arc-shaped lower joint strip 36 that is equipped with in outside surface of lower seal block 3501, it is the same with lower joint strip 36's quantity to go up joint strip 34, when last seal assembly 33 and lower seal assembly 35 make up into the complete drum of a circumference, go up joint strip 34 and correspond with lower joint strip 36 and be connected, go up joint strip 34 and lower joint strip 36 can make up into the complete ring of circumference, thereby realize the setting.
Specifically, 2 upper sealing rubber strips 34 are embedded in the outer side surface of the upper sealing block 3301, 2 lower sealing rubber strips 36 are embedded in the outer side surface of the lower sealing block 3501, and when the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35 are combined into a cylinder with complete circumferential direction, 2 sealing rings or sealing circles with complete circumferential direction are formed on the cylinder. The meaning of the circumferentially complete ring is that the ring has no axially through-going gap, and the ring is continuous in the circumferential direction over 360 degrees, as shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment, the slip mechanism includes a base 37, an upper cone 312, a lower cone 313 and a lower collar 315 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a plurality of upper slip seats 39 are arranged between the base 37 and the upper cone 312, a plurality of lower slip seats 314 are arranged between the lower cone 313 and the lower collar 315, and both the upper slip seats 39 and the lower slip seats 314 can be gradually away from the axis of the central pipe 316 in the radial direction. The inner guide cylinder 31, the push cylinder 32, the upper seal assembly 33, the lower seal assembly 35, the base 37, the upper cone 312, the lower cone 313, the lower push ring 315 and the central tube 316 are all made of conventional soluble alloy.
The base 37, the upper cone 312, the lower cone 313 and the lower push ring 315 are all cylindrical structures, the axis of the central tube 316, the axis of the base 37, the axis of the upper cone 312, the axis of the lower cone 313 and the axis of the lower push ring 315 are coincident, and the lower push ring 315 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the central tube 316. The plurality of upper slip bowl seats 39 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the base 37 and the plurality of lower slip bowl seats 314 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the base 37. The plurality of upper slip bowl 39 are fixed by the upper hoop 38 and the lower hoop 311, the plurality of lower slip bowl 314 are fixed by the upper hoop 38 and the lower hoop 311, and the outer surfaces of the upper slip bowl 39 and the lower slip bowl 314 are provided with ceramic particles 310.
The base 37 is of a sleeve-type structure, and the base 37 comprises an inner cylinder 3701 and an outer cylinder 3702, so that the split claw 3204 of the push cylinder 32 will enter the axially through channel during the process of the push cylinder 32 pushing the upper seal assembly 33 to move axially downward. A second connecting plate 3704 is further provided between the inner cylinder 3701 and the outer cylinder 3702, and the upper end of the second connecting plate 3704 abuts against the lower end of the outer ridge 3101 of the inner guide cylinder 31. The position of the lower sealing block 3501 corresponds to the position of the first connecting plate 3703, the inner barrel 3701 and the outer barrel 3702 are connected by the two first connecting plates 3703 and the two second connecting plates 3704, the two first connecting plates 3703 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the two second connecting plates 3704 are arranged in vertical symmetry, as shown in fig. 10, the position of the lower sealing block 3501 corresponds to the position of the first connecting plate 3703 one by one, and the position of the upper sealing block 3301 corresponds to the position of the second connecting plate 3704 one by one. The base 37 is transition or interference fit with the center tube 316.
During the process of pushing the upper seal assembly 33 by the pushing cylinder 32 to move axially downward, the lower seal assembly 35 will also move axially, and both the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 gradually move radially away from the axis of the central tube 316, and finally the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 can be combined into a complete cylinder in the circumferential direction.
In the present embodiment, the base 37, the upper cone 312 and the lower cone 313 can move along the axial direction of the central tube 316, the lower push ring 315 is screwed with the central tube 316, the lower portion of the central tube 316 is provided with an annular groove 31601, the axial position of the annular groove 31601 corresponds to the axial position of the lower slip seat 314, and when the upper end of the central tube 316 is pulled upwards, the central tube 316 can be broken at the annular groove 31601.
The push tube 32 can move the base 37, the upper cone 312 and the lower cone 313 sequentially along the axial direction through the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35, that is, the push tube 32 can move the base 37, the upper cone 312 and the lower cone 313 sequentially downwards through the upper sealing assembly 33 and the lower sealing assembly 35, as shown in fig. 2. The upper slip bowl 39 may be gradually radially displaced from the axis of the center tube 316 as the base 37 and upper cone 312 approach one another, and the lower slip bowl 314 may be gradually radially displaced from the axis of the center tube 316 as the lower cone 313 and lower push ring 315 approach one another to provide anchoring support, as shown in FIG. 2.
The specific construction of the setting tool 5 described above is described below.
The setting tool 5 comprises an upper joint 51, an upper hydraulic cylinder, a lower hydraulic cylinder and a setting pull rod 514 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a sliding sleeve 52 is sleeved in the upper joint 51, the sliding sleeve 52 is hermetically connected with the upper joint 51, a first through hole 531 is arranged in the side wall of the sliding sleeve 52, a lateral pressure balance through hole 530 is arranged in the side wall of the upper joint 51, the interior of the sliding sleeve 52 can be communicated with the exterior of the upper joint 51 sequentially through the first through hole 531 and the lateral pressure balance through hole 530, an upper piston 57 is arranged on the inner side of the upper hydraulic cylinder, a lower piston 511 is arranged on the inner side of the lower hydraulic cylinder, a setting push cylinder 517 is sleeved outside the setting pull rod 514, a push rod 512 is sleeved in the setting pull rod 514, the push rod 512 is connected with the setting push cylinder 517 through a lock block 516, and the upper piston 57, a center rod 58, the lower piston 511 and the push rod 512 are sequentially connected from top to.
In this embodiment, the axis of the upper joint 51, the axis of the sliding sleeve 52, the axis of the upper piston 57, the axis of the central rod 58, the axis of the lower piston 511, the axis of the push rod 512 and the axis of the setting pusher 517 coincide. The inner surface of the upper joint 51 is provided with a trapezoidal ring groove 537, the trapezoidal ring groove 537 is positioned above the lateral pressure balance through hole 530, an annular seat sealing surface is arranged in the upper end of the sliding sleeve 52, a second through hole 532 is also arranged in the side wall of the sliding sleeve 52, the second through hole 532 is positioned above the first through hole 531, and when the sliding sleeve 52 moves downwards to the lower limit position, the second through hole 532 is communicated with the upper end of the sliding sleeve 52 through the trapezoidal ring groove 537.
In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve 52 is in clearance fit or transition fit with the upper joint 51, a first sealing ring 525 is disposed between the sliding sleeve 52 and the upper joint 51, a sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 is sleeved outside the lower end of the sliding sleeve 52, the sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 is located between the upper joint 51 and the upper cylinder, and the sliding sleeve 52 is connected with the sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 through a shear pin 519. The sliding sleeve 52, the upper piston 57, the central rod 58, the lower piston 511, the push rod 512 and the setting push cylinder 517 are all movable in the axial direction of the upper joint 51.
In the present embodiment, the upper cylinder includes an upper cylinder tube 55, a cylinder cover 54, a sliding plug 56 and an upper piston 57, and the axis of the upper joint 51, the axis of the upper cylinder tube 55, the axis of the cylinder cover 54, the axis of the sliding plug 56 and the axis of the upper piston 57 are overlapped. The lower end of the upper joint 51 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the upper cylinder 55 through a hydraulic cylinder cover 54, the upper cylinder 55, the upper piston 57 and the central rod 58 are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, the hydraulic cylinder cover 54 is in threaded connection with the upper cylinder 55, and the hydraulic cylinder cover 54 is in threaded connection with the sliding sleeve plug 56, as shown in fig. 14. The sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 is located between the upper joint 51 and a hydraulic cylinder cover 54 of the upper cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder cover 54 can block the sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 from moving downwards.
In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve plug 56 is fixedly sleeved in the lower end of the cylinder cover 54, the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve plug 56 is smaller than that of the sliding sleeve 52, the sliding sleeve plug 56 can block the downward movement of the sliding sleeve 52, the sliding sleeve plug 56 and the upper piston 57 are vertically arranged, both the sliding sleeve plug 56 and the upper piston 57 are cylindrical structures, the inner diameter of the upper piston 57 is smaller than that of the sliding sleeve plug 56, an upper hydraulic cavity 533 is formed between the upper piston 57 and the upper cylinder 55, the upper hydraulic cavity 533 is communicated with the inside of the sliding sleeve 52, and the upper piston 57 is in threaded connection with the central rod 58, as shown in fig. 14.
In this embodiment, the lower cylinder includes a lower cylinder tube 510, an intermediate joint 59, and a lower piston 511, and the axis of the upper joint 51, the axis of the lower cylinder tube 510, the axis of the intermediate joint 59, and the axis of the lower piston 511 coincide. The lower end of the upper cylinder 55 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower cylinder 510 through an intermediate joint 59, the central rod 58 is sleeved in the lower piston 511, and the lower piston 511 is sleeved in the lower cylinder 510.
In this embodiment, the upper cylinder 55 is threadedly coupled to the intermediate joint 59, and the lower cylinder 510 is threadedly coupled to the intermediate joint 59. The central rod 58 is connected to the intermediate joint 59 in a sealing manner, and a fourth seal 528 and a fifth seal 529 are provided between the central rod 58 and the intermediate joint 59. The central rod 58, the lower piston 511, the lower cylinder 510 and the intermediate joint 59 are sequentially connected to form a lower hydraulic cavity 534, the central rod 58 is of a tubular structure, a lower through hole 535 is formed in the lower end of the side wall of the central rod 58, and the lower hydraulic cavity 534 is communicated with the inside of the sliding sleeve 52 through the lower through hole 535.
In this embodiment, the lower end of the lower cylinder 510 and the upper end of the setting pull rod 514 are fixedly connected through a lower joint 513, the axis of the upper joint 51, the axis of the lower cylinder 510, the axis of the setting pull rod 514 and the axis of the lower joint 513 are overlapped, the lower cylinder 510 is in threaded connection with the lower joint 513, the setting pull rod 514 is in threaded connection with the lower joint 513, and the lower joint 513 is sleeved between the lower cylinder 510 and the setting pull rod 514, as shown in fig. 16. The interior of the sleeve 52, the interior of the sleeve stopper 56 and the interior of the central rod 58 communicate.
In this embodiment, the setting pull rod 514 is a tubular structure, a lock block retaining ring 515 is arranged outside the setting pull rod 514, an axial through groove 536 is arranged in the side wall of the setting pull rod 514, the section of the lock block 516 is a convex structure, the inner side of the lock block 516 is in matched insertion with the push rod 512, the lock block 516 passes through the axial through groove 536, and the outer side of the lock block 516 is in matched insertion with the setting push cylinder 517, as shown in fig. 17. The push rod 512 is able to transmit a downward moving force to the setting ram 517 through the lock block 516. The upper piston 57, the central rod 58, the lower piston 511, the push rod 512 and the setting ram 517 can simultaneously move vertically downward in synchrony.
This setting instrument 5 possesses the construction demand of conventional hydraulic pressure setting device, and herein simultaneously, the design structure of pressure balance formula can keep inside and outside pressure balance in the in-process of getting into, avoids the device to set up midway and seals the security that increases the in-process of getting into, and the design of doublestage cylinder footpath reduces the device external diameter as far as possible under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the setting pressure moreover, has guaranteed the security of getting into horizontal well horizontal segment. The setting tool 5 further comprises a releasing pin 520, an inner hexagonal screw 521, a first inner hexagonal cone end set screw 522, a second inner hexagonal cone end set screw 523, a third inner hexagonal cone end set screw 524, a first sealing ring 525, a second sealing ring 526, a third sealing ring 527, a fourth sealing ring 528 and a fifth sealing ring 529, wherein the releasing pin 520 is a shearing pin.
The operation of the lightened all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is described below.
When the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string is assembled, the light-weight full-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is connected to the lower end of a setting tool 5, after the preset position is reached, the upper end of the inner guide cylinder 31 is connected with the lower end of a setting pull rod 514 of the setting tool 5 and is kept fixed, the upper end of the push cylinder 32 is connected with the lower end of a setting push cylinder 517 of the setting tool 5 and is kept fixed, the push cylinder 32 is pushed to move downwards through the setting push cylinder 517 of the setting tool 5, and the circular ring segment 3202 on the push cylinder 32 pushes the upper sealing component 33 (the upper sealing block 3301 and the upper sealing rubber strip 34) to move downwards. In the process that the push cylinder 32 pushes the upper seal assembly 33 to move downwards, the upper seal block 3301 of the upper seal assembly 33 gradually overlaps with the lower seal block 3501 of the lower seal assembly 35 along the axial direction, the lower seal assembly 35 also moves downwards, both the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 gradually move away from the axis of the central tube 316 along the radial direction, finally, the upper seal assembly 33 and the lower seal assembly 35 radially expand and are combined into a complete cylinder in the circumferential direction, the upper sealing rubber strip 34 and the lower sealing rubber strip 36 are combined into a complete sealing ring in the circumferential direction, and the lower end of the cylinder abuts against the base 37, so that sealing support is realized.
Under the action of the push barrel 32, the base 37 continues to move downwards, the upper slip composed of the upper slip seat 39 and the ceramic particles 310, the upper cone 312 and the lower cone 313 are pushed to move downwards, at this time, the lower push ring 315 is connected and kept fixed with the inner guide barrel 31 through the central tube 316, the upper slip seat 39 and the lower slip seat 314 respectively do radial movement outwards on the frustum structures of the upper cone 312, the base 37, the lower cone 313 and the lower push ring 315, and break the upper hoop 38 and the lower hoop 311, and the sleeve pipe is anchored and supported, so that the setting purpose is achieved.
After setting is completed, the setting pull rod 514 of the setting tool 5 pulls the inner guide cylinder 31 upwards to break the central tube 316 at the annular groove 31601, and then the parts above the broken part (the annular groove 31601) of the inner guide cylinder 31, the push cylinder 32 and the central tube 316 are lifted upwards to complete releasing.
The lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 has the following characteristics:
1. the whole structure mostly adopts a guide rail and a hollow structure, and after the setting action is finished, the inner guide cylinder 31, the push cylinder 32 and the central tube 316 are lifted upwards to finish releasing, so that the sealing section reserved in the underground is shorter than the conventional soluble bridge plug, the length of the sealing structure is reduced, and the dissolving time is shortened. The weight of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug is significantly reduced over comparable bridge plugs, for example, on the order of 8kg when used in a 5.5 inch well.
2. Designing a full alloy structure: the split upper sealing component 33 and the split lower sealing component 35 are obliquely installed and reach the base 37 through the movement of the inner guide cylinder 31 and the push cylinder 32 to complete sealing, so that the problem that the conventional rubber cylinder type deformation expansion sealing cannot be realized by a conventional metal structure is solved.
The working of the setting tool 5 is described below.
The setting tool 5 is in the initial state shown in fig. 13, but there is no setting ball 518 in the setting tool 5, the upper end of the upper sub 51 of the setting tool 5 is connected to the tubing, and the lower end of the setting pull rod 514 is connected to the bridge plug.
The setting tool 5 is put into the well, the setting ball 518 is not put in along with the device, the first through hole 531 on the sliding sleeve 52 is communicated with the lateral pressure balance through hole 530 on the upper connector 51, the upper hydraulic cavity 533 of the upper hydraulic cylinder consisting of the hydraulic cylinder cover 54, the upper cylinder barrel 55, the sliding sleeve plug 56 and the upper piston 57 and the lower hydraulic cavity 534 of the lower hydraulic cylinder consisting of the middle connector 59, the lower cylinder barrel 510 and the lower piston 511 are also communicated with the outside through the first through hole 531 and the lateral pressure balance through hole 530 in sequence, so that the balance of the internal pressure and the external pressure in the putting process is ensured, the device is safely put in, and the setting can not be carried out midway.
When the well is lowered to a setting position, the setting ball 518 is thrown from the well mouth, the well is pumped to the upper end position of the sliding sleeve 52, sealing is formed between the upper end position and the setting surface of the sliding sleeve 52, at the moment, the ground is pressurized, the pressure of a sealing cavity formed by the upper connector 51, the setting ball 518 and the sliding sleeve 52 rises, the shearing pin 519 on the sliding sleeve fixing ring 53 is sheared off, at the moment, the sliding sleeve 52 moves downwards, the lateral pressure balancing through hole 530 on the upper connector 51 is blocked through the first sealing ring 525, namely, the first through hole 531 is not communicated with the lateral pressure balancing through hole 530, and at the moment, the internal pressure and the external. When the sliding sleeve 52 moves downwards to the lower limit position, the lower end of the sliding sleeve 52 abuts against the sliding sleeve plug 56, the positions of the second through hole 532 and the sealing ring at the uppermost end outside the sliding sleeve 52 correspond to the position of the trapezoidal ring groove 537, and the second through hole 532 is communicated with the outside of the upper end of the sliding sleeve 52 through the trapezoidal ring groove 537. The pressure fluid above the setting ball 518 will thus enter the sliding sleeve 52 through the trapezoidal ring groove 537 and the second through hole 532.
The ground pressure increases the pressure in the upper hydraulic chamber 533 of the upper hydraulic cylinder and the lower hydraulic chamber 534 of the lower hydraulic cylinder, thereby pushing the upper piston 57, the central rod 58, the lower piston 511 and the push rod 512 to move downwards at the same time, the push rod 512 drives the setting push cylinder 517 (shearing releasing pin 520) to move downwards through the lock block 516 arranged on the push cylinder and act on the push cylinder 32 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3, at this time, the setting pull rod 514 is connected with the upper end of the inner guide cylinder 31 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3, since the setting tie rod 514 is fixedly attached to the upper sub 51 by a series of parts such as threads and the lower sub 513, the position of the inner guide cylinder 31 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is fixedly secured, and the pushing cylinder 32 of the light-weight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is pushed to move downwards, so that the fixed light-weight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is completely set.
This setting instrument 5 can guarantee the setting pressure of instrument setting demand and the security of running in-process. The pressure balance type structural design can greatly reduce the phenomenon of uneven internal pressure and external pressure in the running process and ensure the safety; the invention also has the characteristic that the setting force generated by the two-stage hydraulic cylinder ensures the small diameter of the device, so that the device can enter the horizontal section of the horizontal well more safely and conveniently.
The setting tool 5 and the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 may be directly connected, for example, the lower end of the setting pull rod 514 of the setting tool 5 is directly screwed with the upper end of the inner guide cylinder 31 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3, and the lower end of the setting push cylinder 517 of the setting tool 5 is directly screwed with the upper end of the push cylinder 32 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3. Alternatively, the setting tool 5 and the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 may be connected by a setting connection tool 4, the setting connection tool 4 comprising an inner casing 41 and an outer casing 42, the inner casing 41 being a clearance fit with the outer casing 42, as shown in fig. 18.
Specifically, the lower end of the setting pull rod 514 of the setting tool 5 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the inner casing 41, the upper end of the inner guide cylinder 31 of the light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inner casing 41, the lower end of the setting push cylinder 517 of the setting tool 5 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer casing 42, and the upper end of the push cylinder 32 of the light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer casing 42. At the moment, the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string comprises a lightweight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3, a setting connecting tool 4, a setting tool 5 and a perforating tool 6 which are connected in sequence.
The multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string can be suitable for not only a vertical well but also a horizontal well. The artificial well bottom 1, the setting connection tool 4, the perforation tool 6, the cable 7 and the soluble ball 9 adopted by the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string can be the existing commercial products. When the multi-layer quick-dissolving fracturing string is used, the lower push ring 315 of the lightweight all-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3 is first run into the well.
A multi-oil-layer fracturing method is introduced below by taking a horizontal well as an example, and comprises the following steps:
And 2, putting the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string (comprising the lightweight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3, the setting tool 5 and the perforation tool 6 which are sequentially connected), transmitting a ground signal to the underground through a cable, setting the lightweight all-alloy soluble bridge plug 3 below a fracturing layer by the setting tool 5, completing perforation operation by the perforation tool 6, lifting the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string (comprising the setting tool 5 and the perforation tool 6 which are sequentially connected) after perforation is finished, pumping the soluble ball 9 to the position of the lightweight all-alloy bridge plug 3 from a wellhead, isolating the previous layer by producing soluble seal with the soluble ball, and then carrying out the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing operation, wherein the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string is shown in fig. 20 and 21.
And 3, repeating the step 2 to finish the horizontal well multi-layer fracturing. If the step 2 is repeated 3 times, as shown in fig. 22 and 23, the multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string adopts the light-weight full-alloy dissolvable bridge plug 3, can be dissolved automatically in a short period, is free from fishing and drilling and grinding, and leaves a full-drift-diameter well bore for production and later measures without any intervention.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical schemes, and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.
Claims (10)
1. The multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string is characterized by comprising a lightweight all-alloy soluble bridge plug (3), a setting tool (5) and a perforation tool (6) which are sequentially arranged;
the light-weight all-alloy soluble bridge plug (3) comprises a central tube (316), wherein a setting mechanism and a slip mechanism which are arranged up and down are sleeved outside the central tube (316), the setting mechanism comprises an inner guide cylinder (31), a push cylinder (32), an upper sealing assembly (33) and a lower sealing assembly (35), the central tube (316), the inner guide cylinder (31) and the push cylinder (32) are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) are arranged up and down, the upper sealing assembly (33) comprises a plurality of upper sealing blocks (3301) which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the lower sealing assembly (35) comprises a plurality of lower sealing blocks (3501) which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, a gap is formed between two adjacent lower sealing blocks (3501), the upper sealing blocks (3301) correspond to the gap one by one, and in the process that the push cylinder (32) pushes the upper sealing assembly (33) to move downwards along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) are overlapped gradually along the axial direction, the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) are gradually far away from the axis of the central pipe (316) along the radial direction, and the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) can be combined into a cylinder which is complete in the circumferential direction;
the setting tool (5) can enable the push cylinder (32) to push the upper sealing assembly (33) to move along the axial direction under the condition that the central pipe (316) is kept static.
2. The multilayer quick dissolving fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central tube (316) is in an upright state, the central tube (316) is fixedly connected with the inner guide barrel (31), the push barrel (32) comprises a cylindrical section (3201), a circular section (3202) and a conical section (3203) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) are both positioned outside the conical section (3203).
3. The multi-layer quick-dissolving fracturing string according to claim 2, wherein the conical surface section (3203) comprises a plurality of split claws (3204) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the number of the split claws (3204) is equal to the sum of the number of the upper sealing blocks (3301) and the number of the lower sealing blocks (3501), and the intervals between two adjacent split claws (3204) form axial guide grooves (3205) and axial insertion grooves (3206) which are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the push cylinder (32).
4. The multi-layer quick-dissolving fracturing string according to claim 3, wherein the lower part of the inner guide cylinder (31) is provided with outer convex ribs (3101), the outer convex ribs (3101) are correspondingly spliced with the axial splicing grooves (3206) one by one, and outer sliding grooves (3102) are arranged in the outer surface of the outer convex ribs (3101).
5. The multi-layer quick-dissolving fracturing string according to claim 4, wherein the distance from the upper end of the outer chute (3102) to the axis of the central pipe (316) is less than the distance from the lower end of the outer chute (3102) to the axis of the central pipe (316), an inner sliding block (3302) is arranged on the inner surface of the upper sealing block (3301), the inner sliding block (3302) is in matched insertion with the outer chute (3102), and the upper sealing block (3301) can slide along the outer chute (3102) by means of the inner sliding block (3302).
6. The multi-layer quick-dissolving fracturing string according to claim 5, wherein the outer slide way (3103) is arranged on each of two sides of the outer slide way (3102), the outer slide way (3103) is parallel to the outer slide way (3102), the inner slide block (3302) is connected with the outer slide way (3103) through a first pin (3303), and the axis of the first pin (3303) is perpendicular to the axis of the central pipe (316).
7. The multilayer quick-dissolving fracturing string according to claim 3, characterized in that the base (37) is sleeved outside the central tube (316), the base (37) is located below the lower sealing component (35), the base (37) is of a sleeve type structure, the base (37) comprises an inner cylinder (3701) and an outer cylinder (3702), the inner cylinder (3701) and the outer cylinder (3702) are connected through a first connecting plate (3703), an axially through channel is formed between the inner cylinder (3701) and the outer cylinder (3702), the upper part of the first connecting plate (3703) can be inserted into the axially guiding groove (3205), the upper end surface of the first connecting plate (3703) is a slope, the inner end of the slope is higher than the outer end of the slope, a through-hole sliding groove (3705) is arranged in the upper end of the first connecting plate (3703), the through-hole sliding groove (3705) is of a long strip shape, and the through-hole sliding groove (3705) is parallel to the slope, the lower sealing block (3501) is connected with the through hole sliding groove (3705) through a second pin shaft (3502), the axis of the second pin shaft (3502) is perpendicular to the axis of the central tube (316), and the lower sealing block (3501) can slide along the through hole sliding groove (3705).
8. The multilayer quick dissolving fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper sealing block (3301) is of a trapezoidal structure with the top end facing downward and the bottom end facing upward after being unfolded, the lower sealing block (3501) is of a trapezoidal structure with the top end facing upward and the bottom end facing downward after being unfolded, an arc-shaped upper sealing rubber strip (34) is embedded in the outer side surface of the upper sealing block (3301), an arc-shaped lower sealing rubber strip (36) is embedded in the outer side surface of the lower sealing block (3501), and when the upper sealing assembly (33) and the lower sealing assembly (35) are combined into a cylinder with complete circumferential direction, the upper sealing rubber strip (34) and the lower sealing rubber strip (36) can be combined into a complete circumferential ring.
9. The multi-layer quick dissolving fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slip mechanism comprises a base (37), an upper cone (312), a lower cone (313) and a lower push ring (315) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a plurality of upper slip seats (39) are arranged between the base (37) and the upper cone (312), a plurality of lower slip seats (314) are arranged between the lower cone (313) and the lower push ring (315), and the upper slip seats (39) and the lower slip seats (314) can gradually get away from the axis of the central pipe (316) along the radial direction.
10. The multilayer quick dissolving fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base (37), the upper cone (312) and the lower cone (313) can move along the axial direction of the central pipe (316), the lower push ring (315) is fixedly connected with the central pipe (316), the lower part of the central pipe (316) is provided with an annular groove (31601), the axial position of the annular groove (31601) corresponds to the axial position of the lower slip seat (314), and when the upper end of the central pipe (316) is pulled upwards, the central pipe (316) can be broken at the annular groove (31601).
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| CN116044343A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-02 | 杨帆 | Double-seal single-clamp type soluble degradable quick drilling and extrusion injection process |
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| CN113090227B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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