CN114833325A - Modification treatment system and modification treatment method for die casting metal solidification structure - Google Patents
Modification treatment system and modification treatment method for die casting metal solidification structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114833325A CN114833325A CN202210515430.1A CN202210515430A CN114833325A CN 114833325 A CN114833325 A CN 114833325A CN 202210515430 A CN202210515430 A CN 202210515430A CN 114833325 A CN114833325 A CN 114833325A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/12—Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for modifying a cast metal solidification structure, which comprises the steps of starting a power supply excitation system to provide electric energy for a die casting electromagnetic induction coil, and preheating an ingot mould; pouring liquid molten steel into the ingot mould, stopping pouring when the metal liquid level rises to a certain distance away from the upper edge of the ingot mould, scattering a covering agent, and starting modification treatment; starting a blank shell online measurer to capture different reflectances of a solid blank shell and liquid metal liquid, calibrating a position with the difference of the reflectances by the blank shell online measurer as an ingot casting solid-liquid interface, and obtaining the distance from the solid-liquid interface to the edge of the blank shell as the thickness of the ingot casting blank shell, so as to finish the blank shell online measurement, substituting the blank shell thickness information acquired by the blank shell online measurer into a parameter adjustment matching relation formula to perform output current matching, and performing current excitation by a power supply excitation system according to the matching current value; and (3) the thickness of the blank shell measured by the blank shell on-line measurer exceeds 80% of the total area of the section of the casting blank, a power supply excitation system is turned off, and the modification treatment of the die casting structure is finished.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of die casting, and particularly relates to a modification treatment system and a modification treatment method for a die casting metal solidification structure.
Background
Carbide is an important component of a solidification structure in high-carbon steel, and is characterized by large quantity, large size and uneven distribution, which severely restrict different high-carbon steel types such as red hardness, wear resistance, toughness and the like. The large size or uneven distribution of the carbide can lead to insufficient dissolution and formation of composition segregation, thereby affecting the red hardness of the high-carbon steel. Due to the hereditary principle of steel, the key to ensure the improvement of the yield in the subsequent forging, rolling and other processing processes is to obtain fine and uniformly distributed carbide structures in the as-cast structure.
The currently common means for reducing the size of carbide in high-carbon steel mainly comprise modification treatment, cooling speed control, pressure processing and the like. By adding elements such as Ti, Nb and the like, the elements react with elements such as C, N and the like in molten metal to form a large amount of dispersed carbonitride particles serving as heterogeneous cores of austenite, and the austenite dendritic structure is refined, so that the morphology and distribution of carbides are improved. In addition, rare earth elements are added into high-carbon steel, so that an austenite structure can be refined, the segregation of alloy elements such as W and Mo can be reduced, the size of eutectic carbide can be reduced, the quantity of the eutectic carbide can be reduced, the quantity and the time of adding the alterant are difficult to control, and the smelting difficulty is increased. The cooling speed is an important factor influencing the carbide, the slow cooling speed ensures that the carbide in the cast structure is extremely non-uniform in distribution and serious in component segregation, and the Cr and Mo content in the carbide is reduced along with the acceleration of the cooling speed, so that the spheroidization of the carbide in the heat treatment process is facilitated, and the distribution and the form of the carbide are improved. During the pressure processing processes of cogging, forging, rolling, drawing and the like, eutectic carbide is broken to obtain a fine carbide morphology structure, sufficient deformation is an effective means for obtaining a fine-size and uniformly distributed carbide structure, but because part of high-carbon steel has poor processing performance, the high-carbon steel is easy to crack in the forging or rolling process, and how to ensure that the yield is improved and simultaneously optimize the carbide distribution in the high-carbon steel and control the size of the carbide is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for modifying a solidification structure of a die cast metal, which is a new technique for optimizing a solidification structure of high-carbon steel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme: a modification treatment system for a die casting pouring metal solidification structure comprises a die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), a power supply excitation system (2), a copper head cable (3), a cooling medium treatment station (4), a cooling water pipe (5), a blank shell online measurer (6), an ingot mold (7) and a pouring cup (8);
the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) is positioned on the surface of an ingot mould (7), and the blank shell online measurer (6) is fixedly arranged on the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1); cooling water pipelines are arranged in the blank shell online measurer (6) and the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), and the cooling medium processing station (4) is respectively connected with the blank shell online measurer (6) and the cooling water pipelines arranged in the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through cooling water pipes (5); the cooling medium treatment station (4) outputs cooling water to the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) through a cooling water pipe (5), and the cooling water flows through the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) and then flows back to the cooling medium treatment station (4); the power supply excitation system (2) is connected with the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through a copper head cable (3), and the sprue cup (8) is positioned above the ingot mould (7).
In addition, the invention provides a die casting structure deterioration processing method realized by the die casting pouring metal solidification structure deterioration processing system, which comprises the following steps:
step one, placing the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer 20-500 mm away from an ingot mold, and opening a cooling medium processing station for cooling the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer;
step two, a power supply excitation system is started, and current is conducted to a die casting electromagnetic induction coil through a copper head cable to preheat the ingot mould;
pouring, namely injecting liquid molten steel into the ingot mold through a pouring cup, stopping pouring when the liquid level of the molten steel rises to a preset distance away from the upper edge of the ingot mold, and scattering a covering agent;
opening a blank shell online measurer, carrying out reflectivity acquisition on the blank shell online measurer, calibrating the position with the reflectivity difference by the blank shell online measurer to be an ingot casting solid-liquid interface, and determining the distance from the solid-liquid interface to the edge of the blank shell to be the thickness of the ingot casting blank shell, thereby completing the online measurement of the blank shell, wherein the online measurement frequency of the blank shell online measurer is 20 times/second-60 times/second;
step five, the power supply excitation system carries out real-time output current adjustment according to the blank shell thickness information acquired by the blank shell on-line measurer, and the current adjustment matching relation is as follows:
wherein y is the output current of the power control system, A and X are the thickness of the blank shell and mm, the value range of A1 is 240-5, the value range of A2 is 2-5, the value range of X0 is-15088-15486, and the value range of p is 3-5;
and step six, the step four and the step five are circulated, when the area of the section billet shell measured by the online billet shell measurer exceeds 80 percent of the total area of the section of the casting blank, a power supply excitation system is turned off, and the modification treatment process of the die casting structure is finished.
Further, in the first step, the output current of the power supply excitation system for preheating the ingot mold is 500A-2000A, the preheating time is 10min-30min, and the surface temperature of the ingot mold reaches 50 ℃ -200 ℃.
Further, in the third step, when the liquid level of the molten steel rises to a position 20mm-40mm away from the upper edge of the ingot mold, the pouring is stopped.
Further, in step five, the output current intensity generates a magnetic field sufficient to penetrate the thickness of the shell.
Further, in the fifth step, the output current is discontinuous transient current generated by a power supply excitation system, the frequency is 10Hz-10000Hz, and the current intensity is 100A-20000A.
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the die casting structure modification treatment system and the die casting structure modification treatment method are suitable for an electromagnetic treatment means for refining the solidification structure and carbide of the high-carbon steel, and the solidification structure and carbide refining effect of the high-carbon steel cast ingot treated by the device and the method are obvious. The system is simple and convenient to operate, safe and reliable in operation, and free of pollution to molten metal due to non-contact treatment, and can effectively solve the problems of solidification structures and thick carbides in the production process of part of high-carbon steel at present.
(2) The optimal magnetic field intensity required by the modification treatment is calculated in real time, and the optimal magnetic field intensity can be obtained by adjusting the current, so that a good treatment effect is obtained, and the energy consumption is saved.
(3) Obviously refines the carbide network in the high-carbon steel and reduces the size of the primary eutectic carbide.
(4) Effectively optimizes the distribution state of carbide in the solidification structure of the ingot.
(5) Obviously refines the solidification structure of the cast ingot and improves the compactness of the solidification structure.
(6) The defect that the cast ingot has the central shrinkage cavity is basically eliminated.
(7) The cracking linearity caused by coarse carbide in the forging and rolling process is reduced, and the yield is greatly improved.
(8) And a non-contact electromagnetic treatment mode is adopted, so that the possibility of pollution to molten metal is completely eliminated, and the method is safe and reliable. In addition, the system is simple to operate and easy to operate, and provides convenience for industrial mass production conversion.
(9) The method can refine the carbide network in the ingot, reduce the particle size of the primary eutectic carbide, improve the compactness of the internal structure of the ingot and avoid the cracking phenomenon of high-carbon steel caused by the thick carbide in the subsequent pressure processing processes of forging, rolling and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of a carbide modification treatment method based on electromagnetic induction effect;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of solidification structures after the treatment in the fourth to sixth steps, wherein a is a solidification structure and a carbide network to which no carbide modification treatment is applied at a central radial cross-section 1/4D of the M2 high-speed steel ingot, and b is a solidification structure and a carbide network to which carbide modification treatment is applied at the same position;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of solidification structures after the treatment in the fourth to sixth steps, wherein a is a solidification structure and a carbide network to which no carbide modification treatment is applied in the center of the radial cross section of the middle portion of the M2 high-speed steel ingot, and b is a solidification structure and a carbide network to which carbide modification treatment is applied at the same position;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of solidification structures after the fourth step to the sixth step, in which a is a primary eutectic carbide to which no carbide modification has been applied at a radial cross-section 1/4D of a middle portion of a M2 high-speed steel ingot, and b is a primary eutectic carbide to which carbide modification has been applied at the same position;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of solidification structures after the treatment of the fourth to sixth steps, in which a is a primary eutectic carbide to which no carbide modification treatment is applied at the center of the middle of the M2 high speed steel ingot, and b is a primary eutectic carbide to which carbide modification treatment is applied at the same position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system for implementing the treatment method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be fully and clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a system for treating deterioration of a die casting pouring metal solidification structure, and referring to fig. 6, the invention provides a system for treating deterioration of a die casting pouring metal solidification structure, which comprises a die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), a power supply excitation system (2), a copper head cable (3), a cooling medium treatment station (4), a cooling water pipe (5), a blank shell online measurer (6), an ingot mold (7) and a pouring cup (8);
the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) is positioned on the surface of an ingot mould (7), and the blank shell online measurer (6) is fixedly arranged on the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1); cooling water pipelines are arranged in the blank shell online measurer (6) and the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), and the cooling medium processing station (4) is respectively connected with the blank shell online measurer (6) and the cooling water pipeline arranged in the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through a cooling water pipe (5); the cooling medium treatment station (4) outputs cooling water to the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) through a cooling water pipe (5), and the cooling water flows through the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) and then flows back to the cooling medium treatment station (4); the power supply excitation system (2) is connected with the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through a copper head cable (3), and the sprue cup (8) is positioned above the ingot mould (7).
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for deterioration treatment of a cast structure according to the deterioration treatment system of a cast metal solidification structure, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, placing the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer 20-500 mm away from an ingot mold, and opening a cooling medium processing station for cooling the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer;
step two, a power supply excitation system is started, and current is conducted to a die casting electromagnetic induction coil through a copper head cable to preheat the ingot mould;
pouring, namely injecting liquid molten steel into the ingot mold through a pouring cup, stopping pouring when the liquid level of the molten steel rises to a preset distance away from the upper edge of the ingot mold, and scattering a covering agent;
opening a blank shell online measurer, carrying out reflectivity acquisition on the blank shell online measurer, calibrating the position with the reflectivity difference by the blank shell online measurer to be an ingot casting solid-liquid interface, and determining the distance from the solid-liquid interface to the edge of the blank shell to be the thickness of the ingot casting blank shell, thereby completing the online measurement of the blank shell, wherein the online measurement frequency of the blank shell online measurer is 20 times/second-60 times/second;
step five, the power supply excitation system carries out real-time output current adjustment according to the blank shell thickness information acquired by the blank shell on-line measurer, and the current adjustment matching relation is as follows:
wherein y is the output current of the power control system, A and X are the thickness of the blank shell and mm, the value range of A1 is 240-5, the value range of A2 is 2-5, the value range of X0 is-15088-15486, and the value range of p is 3-5;
and step six, the step four and the step five are circulated, when the area of the section billet shell measured by the online billet shell measurer exceeds 80 percent of the total area of the section of the casting blank, a power supply excitation system is turned off, and the modification treatment process of the die casting structure is finished.
In the first step, the output current of the power supply excitation system for preheating the ingot mould is 500A-2000A, the preheating time is 10min-30min, and the surface temperature of the ingot mould reaches 50-200 ℃.
And in the third step, stopping pouring when the liquid level of the molten steel rises to be 20-40 mm away from the upper edge of the ingot mold.
In step five, the output current intensity generates a magnetic field which can penetrate through the thickness of the blank shell.
In the fifth step, the output current is discontinuous transient current generated by a power supply excitation system, the frequency is 10Hz-10000Hz, and the current intensity is 100A-20000A.
According to the invention, through the specific electromagnetic induction effect generated by the induction coil in the solidification process of the high-carbon steel, an up-and-down circulation is formed in the melt, so that the temperature field in the melt is improved, and the size and distribution state of the Lei type body network and the eutectic carbide in the high-carbon steel are optimized. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic force generated by the induction coil acts on the cast ingot to form a fine solidification structure, so that the defect of central shrinkage cavity is eliminated, and the quality of the core of the cast ingot is improved.
In the solidification process, along with the increase of the solid phase ratio and the redistribution of solute elements at the solid-liquid interface, the content of the solute elements in the residual liquid phase at the front edge of the solid-liquid interface is increased sharply, and the flow generated by the pulse current pushes the solute elements enriched among the dendrites to the growth direction of the dendrites, so that the enrichment of the solute elements among the dendrites is reduced, and the carbide distribution is improved.
Example 1
The cast steel is high-speed tool steel of the brand M2, smelting in an electric furnace, carrying out LF + VD double refining treatment, carrying out casting production at a casting position, measuring the temperature of molten steel in a casting ladle to be 1482 ℃, starting an induction coil to preheat an ingot mould before casting, wherein the current value is 1000A, the frequency is 50Hz, and the preheating time is 20min, after the casting is finished, uniformly scattering a heating agent at a riser to completely cover the molten steel at the riser, increasing the current of a die casting electromagnetic induction coil to 7000A according to data fed back by a billet shell online measurer, and carrying out external field intervention on the solidification process of a high-speed steel ingot, wherein the holding time is 20 min.
And after the high-speed steel ingot is completely solidified, sawing a sample in the middle of the ingot for detection and analysis. As shown in the combined graph of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the radial 1\4D and the carbide network (white area in the graph) at the central part in the M2 high-speed steel sample subjected to carbide thinning treatment are finer than the sample under the natural cooling condition, and the solidification structure is obviously thinned. In the same position, shown in fig. 4 and 5, the primary eutectic carbide particles (white areas in the figure) in M2 high speed steel were reduced in size and the radial size distribution was more uniform.
Example 2
The cast steel is high-speed tool steel with the mark M42, the steel is smelted in an electric furnace, LF + VD double refining treatment is carried out, casting production is carried out at a casting position, the temperature of molten steel measured in a casting ladle is 1447 ℃, a die casting electromagnetic induction coil is started to preheat an ingot mould before casting, the current value is 1200A, the frequency is 50Hz, the preheating time is 20min, after the casting is finished, a heating agent is uniformly scattered at a riser to completely cover the molten steel at the riser, the current of the induction coil is increased to 7500A according to data fed back by a billet shell on-line measurer, and outfield intervention is carried out on the solidification process of the high-speed steel ingot.
And after the high-speed steel in the ingot mould is completely solidified, sawing samples at the middle part and the bottom part of the ingot for detection and analysis. After electromagnetic induction treatment, the center shrinkage cavity (black defect in the center of a sample) of the middle and bottom cast ingots of the M42 high-speed steel ingot is completely eliminated, the rating of the center shrinkage cavity defect is reduced from 2 to 0, and the solidification structure is more compact.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent method flow changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The system for treating the deterioration of the solidification structure of the die casting pouring metal is characterized by comprising a die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), a power supply excitation system (2), a copper head cable (3), a cooling medium treatment station (4), a cooling water pipe (5), a blank shell online measurer (6), an ingot mold (7) and a pouring cup (8);
the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) is positioned on the surface of an ingot mould (7), and the blank shell online measurer (6) is fixedly arranged on the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1); cooling water pipelines are arranged in the blank shell online measurer (6) and the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1), and the cooling medium processing station (4) is respectively connected with the blank shell online measurer (6) and the cooling water pipeline arranged in the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through a cooling water pipe (5); the cooling medium treatment station (4) outputs cooling water to the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) through a cooling water pipe (5), and the cooling water flows through the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) and the blank shell online measurer (6) and then flows back to the cooling medium treatment station (4); the power supply excitation system (2) is connected with the die casting electromagnetic induction coil (1) through a copper head cable (3), and the sprue cup (8) is positioned above the ingot mould (7).
2. A method for deterioration of a cast structure by a system for deterioration of a solidified structure of a cast metal according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, placing the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer 20-500 mm away from an ingot mold, and opening a cooling medium processing station for cooling the die casting electromagnetic induction coil and the blank shell on-line measurer;
step two, a power supply excitation system is started, and current is conducted to a die casting electromagnetic induction coil through a copper head cable to preheat the ingot mould;
pouring, namely injecting liquid molten steel into the ingot mold through a pouring cup, stopping pouring when the liquid level of the molten steel rises to a preset distance away from the upper edge of the ingot mold, and scattering a covering agent;
starting a blank shell online measurer, carrying out reflectivity acquisition by the blank shell online measurer, calibrating the position with reflectivity difference by the blank shell online measurer to be an ingot casting solid-liquid interface, and obtaining the thickness of the ingot casting blank shell from the solid-liquid interface to the edge of the blank shell, so as to finish online measurement of the blank shell, wherein the online measurement frequency of the blank shell online measurer is 20 times/second-60 times/second;
step five, the power supply excitation system carries out real-time output current adjustment according to the blank shell thickness information acquired by the blank shell on-line measurer, and the current adjustment matching relation is as follows:
wherein y is the output current of the power control system, A and X are the thickness of the blank shell and mm, the value range of A1 is 240-5, the value range of A2 is 2-5, the value range of X0 is-15088-15486, and the value range of p is 3-5;
and step six, the step four and the step five are circulated, when the area of the section blank shell measured by the blank shell on-line measurer exceeds 80 percent of the total area of the section of the casting blank, a power supply excitation system is closed, and the modification treatment process of the die casting structure is finished.
3. The process according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the output current of the power supply excitation system for preheating the ingot mold is 500A to 2000A, the preheating time is 10min to 30min, and the surface temperature of the ingot mold reaches 50 ℃ to 200 ℃.
4. The process according to claim 2, wherein in step three, the pouring is stopped when the level of the molten steel rises to a distance of 20mm to 40mm from the upper edge of the ingot mold.
5. The process of claim 2 wherein in step five, the output current level produces a magnetic field sufficient to penetrate the thickness of the shell.
6. The processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the output current is discontinuous transient current generated by a power supply excitation system, the frequency is 10Hz-10000Hz, and the current intensity is 100A-20000A.
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| CN115815544A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-21 | 河南科技大学 | Crystallizer, continuous casting device and method for measuring position of solid-liquid interface |
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