CN114833178A - Photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device and disposal method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device and disposal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114833178A CN114833178A CN202210396803.8A CN202210396803A CN114833178A CN 114833178 A CN114833178 A CN 114833178A CN 202210396803 A CN202210396803 A CN 202210396803A CN 114833178 A CN114833178 A CN 114833178A
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- photovoltaic module
- laser
- photovoltaic
- energy
- recovery
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are a photovoltaic module recycling device and a photovoltaic module recycling method. The discarded photovoltaic cell modules are directly sent to a refuse landfill for treatment, which is the most economic mode, but toxic elements contained in the cell modules, such as lead, cadmium and telluride, can permeate into soil and underground water, so that the environment is polluted, and the environmental protection risk is higher. The invention comprises the following components: the device comprises a recovery platform (1) and a laser emission device, wherein a photovoltaic module (3) is placed on the recovery platform, and solution tanks (12) are respectively arranged on the recovery platform and around the photovoltaic module; at least one group of fixing devices (2) used for pressing the photovoltaic module are fixed on the recovery platform; energy-saving reflectors (13) are respectively fixed on the three side surfaces of the photovoltaic module and the top of the photovoltaic module on the recovery platform; the laser emitting device comprises a power supply (5), a laser emitter (4) and a mechanical moving device (6). The photovoltaic module recycling device is used for recycling photovoltaic modules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste disposal, in particular to a photovoltaic module recycling disposal device and a disposal method.
Background
In the process of low-carbon energy transformation, novel solid wastes generated in various new energy fields gradually attract attention of the industry, and a fan blade and a photovoltaic cell module in the novel solid wastes have become problems to be solved urgently in the solid waste treatment industry due to the characteristics of large volume, high treatment difficulty, tight large-scale retirement time and the like.
Solar panels often contain lead, cadmium and other toxic chemicals that cannot be removed without disassembling the entire solar panel.
About 90% of the photovoltaic modules are made of glass, and solar panels that are currently aged or broken are generally sent to glass recycling facilities where only the glass and the aluminum frame are recycled, but this glass is generally costly and difficult to recycle due to the presence of impurities (plastic, lead, cadmium and antimony); the remaining material is sent to a cement kiln for incineration, but for photovoltaic modules, incineration may result in heavy metal contamination. In addition, the glass recycling plant can only recycle the special glass of the solar cell panel and mix the special glass with other common glass, thereby causing serious resource waste. In addition, a module pyrolysis technology is provided, but in order to achieve higher pyrolysis efficiency and reduce pyrolysis energy consumption, a photovoltaic module is generally required to be crushed and then pyrolyzed, which directly causes the recovery value of photovoltaic glass to be seriously reduced, so that the technology is still researched and cannot be popularized and applied. The discarded photovoltaic cell modules are directly sent to a refuse landfill for treatment, which is the most economic mode, but toxic elements contained in the cell modules, such as lead, cadmium and telluride, can permeate into soil and underground water, so that the environment is polluted, and the environmental protection risk is higher.
In summary, in order to solve the problem of scale and efficient disposal of the photovoltaic module, it is urgently needed to develop a novel photovoltaic module processing technology and a supporting device.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is to solve the above problems, and provides a photovoltaic module recycling device and a photovoltaic module recycling method.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic module recycling device comprises a recycling table and a laser emitting device, wherein a photovoltaic module is placed on the recycling table, and solution tanks are respectively formed in the recycling table and positioned around the photovoltaic module;
at least one group of fixing devices used for pressing the photovoltaic module are fixed on the recovery table;
energy-saving reflectors are respectively fixed on the three side surfaces of the photovoltaic module and the top of the photovoltaic module on the recovery platform;
the laser emitting device comprises a power supply, a laser emitter and a mechanical moving device.
The photovoltaic module retrieves processing apparatus, the fixer include fixed arm and stationary dog, the fixed arm with fix the fixed cover rotatable coupling on the recovery platform, the tip of fixed arm with the swivel nut threaded connection of stationary dog.
The photovoltaic module recycling device is characterized in that the power supply is electrically connected with the laser emitter and the mechanical moving device for providing electric energy support, and the mechanical moving device drives the laser emitter to vertically and horizontally move.
The photovoltaic module recycling and disposing device is characterized in that the rubber pad is wrapped at the contact part of the bottom of the fixed claw and the photovoltaic module.
A disposal method of a photovoltaic module recycling disposal device comprises the following steps:
when the laser emitter is located on the side face of the photovoltaic module, when the device operates, the power supply outputs electric energy, the laser generator and the mechanical moving device are started, the laser generator is positioned to the height of the interlayer EVA adhesive along with the mechanical moving device, and then the laser generator horizontally moves along with the mechanical moving device. In the moving process, laser rays generated by a laser generator continuously melt and penetrate through the interlayer EVA adhesive to realize separation of all layers of the photovoltaic module, so that complete photovoltaic glass, a back plate and a silicon wafer are obtained;
laser penetrates through the EVA film or is deflected and then is emitted to the energy-saving reflector, and the energy-saving reflector reflects the laser and then continuously melts and decomposes the interlayer EVA adhesive, so that the energy loss of the laser is avoided, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled;
when the laser generator is positioned above the photovoltaic module, the energy-saving reflector arranged above the photovoltaic module is removed, the laser emitting port of the laser generator moves in alignment with the stripes of the welding strip of the photovoltaic module, the generating power of the laser generator is set, and the laser penetrates through the photovoltaic glass to melt the welding strip without melting the silicon wafer; meanwhile, the height of the movable table leg on one side is reduced, so that molten solder strip enters the molten bath to be collected, and the recovery purity of the silicon wafer is further improved in the recovery process.
Has the advantages that:
1. the device provided by the invention can realize complete separation of the photovoltaic modules without crushing the photovoltaic modules, thereby ensuring the value of recovered products;
2. the photovoltaic module is separated by using the laser ray, and the recovery processing efficiency and precision of the device are higher because the energy of the laser ray is centralized and controllable;
3. the device has the advantages of simple system, concise process, land occupation saving and easy realization of industrialization.
4. According to the invention, four energy-saving reflectors are arranged on the surface perpendicular to the workbench, the surface 3 of the enclosure photovoltaic module and the surface 1 of the shielding photovoltaic module, laser penetrates the EVA film or is deflected to the energy-saving reflectors, and the energy-saving reflectors reflect the EVA film to continuously melt and decompose the interlayer EVA adhesive, so that the energy loss of the laser is avoided.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a configuration in which four anchors are provided;
in the figure: 1. a recovery stage; 11. movable table legs, 12 and a molten liquid tank; 13. an energy-saving reflector; 2. a holder; 21. a fixed jaw; 22. a threaded sleeve; 23. a fixed arm; 24. fixing a sleeve; 3. a photovoltaic module; 31. interlayer EVA glue; 4. a laser generator; 5. a power source; 6. a mechanical moving device.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
a photovoltaic module recycling device comprises a recycling table 1 and a laser emitting device, wherein a photovoltaic module 3 is placed on the recycling table, and solution tanks 12 are respectively formed in the recycling table at the periphery of the photovoltaic module;
at least one group of fixing devices 2 used for pressing the photovoltaic module are fixed on the recovery platform;
energy-saving reflectors 13 are respectively fixed on the three side surfaces of the photovoltaic module and the top of the photovoltaic module on the recovery platform;
the laser emitting device comprises a power supply 5, a laser emitter 4 and a mechanical moving device 6.
Example 2:
according to the photovoltaic module recycling device in embodiment 1, the fixing device includes a fixing arm 23 and a fixing claw 21, the fixing arm is rotatably connected with a fixing sleeve 24 fixed on the recycling table, and the end of the fixing arm is in threaded connection with a threaded sleeve 22 of the fixing claw.
Example 3:
the photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the power source is electrically connected to the laser emitter and the mechanical moving device for providing an electric energy support, and the mechanical moving device drives the laser emitter to move vertically and horizontally.
Example 4:
the photovoltaic module recycling apparatus according to embodiment 1, 2 or 3, wherein the contact portion of the bottom of the fixing claw and the photovoltaic module wraps the rubber pad.
Example 5:
a disposal method of a photovoltaic module recycling disposal device comprises the following steps:
when the laser emitter is located on the side face of the photovoltaic module, when the device operates, the power supply outputs electric energy, the laser generator and the mechanical moving device are started, the laser generator is located to the height of the interlayer EVA adhesive 31 along with the mechanical moving device, and then the laser generator horizontally moves along with the mechanical moving device. In the moving process, laser rays generated by a laser generator continuously melt and penetrate through the interlayer EVA adhesive to realize separation of all layers of the photovoltaic module, so that complete photovoltaic glass, a back plate and a silicon wafer are obtained;
laser penetrates through the EVA film or is deflected and then is emitted to the energy-saving reflector, and the energy-saving reflector reflects the laser and then continuously melts and decomposes the interlayer EVA adhesive, so that the energy loss of the laser is avoided, and the purpose of saving energy is realized;
when the laser generator is positioned above the photovoltaic component, the energy-saving reflector arranged above the photovoltaic component is removed, the laser emission port of the laser generator is aligned with the stripes of the welding strip of the photovoltaic component to move, the generation power of the laser generator is set, and the laser penetrates through the photovoltaic glass to melt the welding strip without melting the silicon wafer; meanwhile, the height of the movable table leg on one side is reduced, so that molten solder strip enters the molten bath to be collected, and the recovery purity of the silicon wafer is further improved in the recovery process.
The device can realize the complete separation of photovoltaic module, need not to carry out its breakage, has guaranteed the value of retrieving the product. The invention separates the photovoltaic components by using the laser ray, and the recovery processing efficiency and precision of the device are higher because the energy of the laser ray is centralized and controllable. The device has simple system, simple process, saved occupied area and easy realization of industrialization.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module retrieves processing apparatus which characterized by: the device comprises a recovery platform and a laser emission device, wherein a photovoltaic module is placed on the recovery platform, and solution tanks are respectively arranged on the recovery platform and around the photovoltaic module;
at least one group of fixing devices used for pressing the photovoltaic module are fixed on the recovery table;
energy-saving reflectors are respectively fixed on the three side surfaces of the photovoltaic module and the top of the photovoltaic module on the recovery platform;
the laser emitting device comprises a power supply, a laser emitter and a mechanical moving device.
2. The photovoltaic module recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the fixer comprises a fixing arm and a fixing claw, the fixing arm is rotatably connected with a fixing sleeve fixed on the recovery platform, and the end part of the fixing arm is in threaded connection with a threaded sleeve of the fixing claw.
3. The photovoltaic module recycling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the power supply is electrically connected with the laser emitter and the mechanical moving device and used for providing electric energy support, and the mechanical moving device drives the laser emitter to vertically and horizontally move.
4. The photovoltaic module recycling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the fixed claw and the contact part of the photovoltaic module are wrapped by the rubber pad.
5. A disposal method for the photovoltaic module recycling device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
when the laser emitter is located on the side face of the photovoltaic module, when the device operates, the power supply outputs electric energy, the laser generator and the mechanical moving device are started, the laser generator is positioned to the height of the interlayer EVA adhesive along with the mechanical moving device, and then the laser generator horizontally moves along with the mechanical moving device.
6. In the moving process, laser rays generated by a laser generator continuously melt and penetrate through the interlayer EVA adhesive to realize separation of all layers of the photovoltaic module, so that complete photovoltaic glass, a back plate and a silicon wafer are obtained;
laser penetrates through the EVA film or is deflected and then is emitted to the energy-saving reflector, and the energy-saving reflector reflects the laser and then continuously melts and decomposes the interlayer EVA adhesive, so that the energy loss of the laser is avoided, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled;
when the laser generator is positioned above the photovoltaic component, the energy-saving reflector arranged above the photovoltaic component is removed, the laser emission port of the laser generator is aligned with the stripes of the welding strip of the photovoltaic component to move, the generation power of the laser generator is set, and the laser penetrates through the photovoltaic glass to melt the welding strip without melting the silicon wafer; meanwhile, the height of the movable table leg on one side is reduced, so that molten solder strip enters the molten bath to be collected, and the recovery purity of the silicon wafer is further improved in the recovery process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396803.8A CN114833178A (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device and disposal method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396803.8A CN114833178A (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device and disposal method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114833178A true CN114833178A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396803.8A Pending CN114833178A (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Photovoltaic module recycling and disposal device and disposal method |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN114833178A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115415288A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆远达烟气治理特许经营有限公司科技分公司 | Laminate treating apparatus |
| CN117798524A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-02 | 西安法赫曼智能科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module recycling system and recycling method based on laser separation layer |
-
2022
- 2022-04-15 CN CN202210396803.8A patent/CN114833178A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115415288A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆远达烟气治理特许经营有限公司科技分公司 | Laminate treating apparatus |
| CN115415288B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-01-23 | 重庆远达烟气治理特许经营有限公司科技分公司 | Laminate processing apparatus |
| CN117798524A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-02 | 西安法赫曼智能科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module recycling system and recycling method based on laser separation layer |
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