CN114812322B - High-precision positioning structure for tunnel blast holes and construction method thereof - Google Patents
High-precision positioning structure for tunnel blast holes and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114812322B CN114812322B CN202210577553.8A CN202210577553A CN114812322B CN 114812322 B CN114812322 B CN 114812322B CN 202210577553 A CN202210577553 A CN 202210577553A CN 114812322 B CN114812322 B CN 114812322B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000870659 Crassula perfoliata var. minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/24—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
- F16M11/26—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
- F16M11/32—Undercarriages for supports with three or more telescoping legs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole and a construction method thereof. The application has the effect of reducing the size dispersion of the hole slag particle diameter after blasting and obvious phenomenon of over-and-under-excavation during blasting.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole and a construction method thereof.
Background
At present, the tunnel is widely applied to departments such as railways, highways, water conservancy and hydropower, mines, municipal administration, civil air defense and the like, and plays an important role in national economy construction, wherein the tunnel blasting construction technology is a main means of tunneling, is mainly suitable for construction of hard rock tunnels, broken and tight tunnels and a large number of short tunnels, and has the advantages of strong adaptability to geological conditions, low excavation cost and the like.
In the existing tunnel blasting construction process, a blasthole is required to be positioned at a face, blasting treatment is carried out at the blasthole, and the conventional mode for positioning the blasthole of the face adopts a total station to loft a plurality of key peripheral eyelet positions, and site drillers and powderman carry out the arrangement of slotted holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes according to the past experience.
In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors consider that there is a defect that the hole slag particle size is discrete after blasting and the blasting has a significant phenomenon of over-undermining due to randomness and inaccurate positions of hole distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole and a construction method thereof, which aims to reduce the dispersion of the particle diameter of hole slag after blasting and obvious over-undermining phenomenon during blasting.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole, which adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a tunnel big gun hole high accuracy location structure, includes the locating support, sets up the installation casing on the locating support, sets up the big gun hole and lays the template and be used for with the infrared ray light source of big gun hole projection to face department, infrared ray light source and big gun hole lay the template all set up on the installation casing, infrared ray light source and big gun hole lay the corresponding setting of template.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of installation casing, lay the template with the big gun hole and install the installation casing on, then through infrared light source transmission infrared ray, the infrared ray passes through the big gun hole and lays the template with big gun hole projection to the face on, makes the position of big gun hole more accurate, can reduce after the blasting hole slag particle size discrete and the obvious phenomenon of super undermining appears in the blasting.
Optionally, be provided with the mounting panel on the locating support, be provided with the installation pole on the mounting panel, set up the rotation groove on the installation pole, be provided with the pivoted ball of normal running fit in the rotation inslot on the installation casing, be provided with the adjusting device who is used for driving installation casing rotation regulation on the locating support.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through adjusting device's setting, start adjusting device, can drive the installation casing and rotate, and then drive the ball and rotate in the groove rotation, realize that the installation casing drives the rotation regulation that the template was laid to the big gun hole, and then make the projection of big gun hole on the face more accurate.
Optionally, adjusting device includes the screw rod of normal running fit on the mounting panel, is used for driving screw rod pivoted rotating assembly, screw thread fit slider on the screw rod and is used for carrying out the bracing piece that supports to the one end of installation casing, the one end normal running fit of bracing piece is on the installation casing, and the other end normal running fit is on the slider, be provided with on the mounting panel with the vertical slip matched with limiting plate of slider.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, start rotating assembly, can drive the screw rod and rotate, drive the slider and go up and down to adjust to can drive the bracing piece and rotate the sliding simultaneously, realize the swing regulation of installation casing, and then conveniently adjust the installation casing.
Optionally, the rotation component includes the worm of normal running fit on the mounting panel and the worm wheel of meshing on the worm, the worm wheel cover is located on the screw rod and is used for driving the screw rod rotation.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rotation worm can drive the worm wheel and rotate, and then realizes the rotation of screw rod, simple operation.
Optionally, a limit groove matched with the limit plate is formed in the slider, and the limit plate is in sliding fit with the limit groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of spacing groove, the limiting plate is located the spacing inslot, can carry out spacing processing to the motion of slider, and then makes the slider only do along the elevating movement of limiting plate.
Optionally, the bottom normal running fit of limiting plate is on the mounting panel, the limiting plate rotates the spacing inslot, limiting plate and spacing inslot sliding fit, the limiting plate is when rotating out from the spacing inslot, and the limiting plate no longer with spacing inslot sliding fit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when limiting plate and spacing groove sliding fit, rotate the screw rod, can drive the slider and go up and down, and then drive the installation casing and swing and adjust, when limiting plate no longer with spacing groove sliding fit, rotate the screw rod, can drive the slider and rotate to drive the bracing piece and rotate, and then drive the installation casing and rotate, make the regulation of installation casing more convenient.
Optionally, the mounting rod is disposed at a top end of the screw.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when making the screw rod drive the installation casing and rotate, the installation casing can rotate around the central axis of screw rod, makes the installation of installation casing more stable, convenient.
Optionally, be provided with the installation piece on the locating support, the spout has been seted up in the installation piece, install sliding fit in the lifter of spout on the mounting panel, be provided with the thrust unit who is used for promoting lifter lift in the installation piece.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through thrust unit's setting, can promote the lifter, and then make the lifter carry out the lift regulation in the spout, realize the lift regulation to the installation casing.
Optionally, thrust unit includes the extrusion piece of normal running fit in the lead screw and screw thread fit on the lead screw in the installation piece, extrusion piece and spout sliding fit, be provided with on the extrusion piece and be used for the extruded extrusion face to the lifter block, the extrusion face sets up along vertical decurrent direction upward downward sloping.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate the lead screw, can drive the extrusion piece and be close to or keep away from the lifter department and slide, and then drive the lifter and go up and down to adjust, the operation is comparatively convenient.
In a second aspect, a method for constructing a tunnel blast hole, using the above-mentioned high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole, includes the following steps:
S1: leveling the tunnel face;
S2: positioning by a positioning structure;
S3: erecting and leveling a positioning structure;
s4: selecting and projecting a template for arranging the blast holes;
s5: projecting a dot paint mark;
S6: drilling construction, charging and blasting;
S7: and detecting the section excavation effect.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through location structure, behind the projection of the big gun hole on the big gun hole layout template to the face, to face piece construction, can make the position of big gun hole more accurate to reduce after the blasting hole slag particle diameter size dispersion and the obvious phenomenon of super undermining appears in the blasting.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. Through the arrangement of the installation shell, the blast hole layout template is installed on the installation shell, then infrared rays are emitted through the infrared light source, the blast holes are projected onto the face through the blast hole layout template, so that the positions of the blast holes are more accurate, the size dispersion of hole slag particles after blasting and the obvious phenomenon of over-excavation caused by blasting can be reduced;
2. by setting the adjusting device, the adjusting device is started to drive the installation shell to rotate, thereby driving the rotating ball to rotate in the rotating groove, realizes the rotation adjustment of the mounting shell to drive the blast hole layout template, and then the projection of the blast hole on the face is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection relationship of the adjustment device and the mounting housing;
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 3.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a positioning bracket; 11. a mounting plate; 111. a lifting block; 12. a mounting block; 121. a chute; 2. a mounting shell; 21. a rotating ball; 22. a sliding groove; 23. a clamping groove; 3. arranging templates in blast holes; 4. an infrared light source; 5. a mounting rod; 51. a rotating groove; 6. an adjusting device; 61. a screw; 62. a rotating assembly; 621. a worm; 622. a worm wheel; 63. a slide block; 631. a limit groove; 64. a support rod; 7. a limiting plate; 8. a pushing device; 81. a screw rod; 82. extruding a block; 821. extruding the surface; 9. a sliding device; 91. a carriage; 92. a rotating plate; 93. and (5) clamping the ball.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, including locating support 1, set up installation casing 2 on locating support 1, set up the big gun hole and lay template 3 and be used for with the big gun hole projection to the infrared light source 4 of face department, locating support 1 can directly adopt telescopic tripod, be provided with circular bubble, bar bubble and leveling bolt (not shown in the figure) on the locating support 1, installation casing 2 is hollow rectangle structure, the beginning has the slot that is used for placing big gun hole and lays template 3 on the installation casing 2, the one end that installation casing 2 is located slot department is the open end, the other end is the end of sealing. The blast hole layout template 3 is a rectangular plate, the blast hole layout template 3 is inserted into the slot, the infrared light source 4 is installed in the installation shell 2, the infrared light source 4 can directly adopt infrared projection equipment, and the infrared light source 4 and the blast hole layout template 3 are correspondingly arranged. When the position of the blast hole is required to be positioned on the face, the positioning support 1 is moved to the position to be used, then the blast hole layout template 3 is selected and inserted into the installation shell 2, then the infrared light source 4 is started, the infrared light source 4 emits infrared rays, the blast hole on the blast hole layout template 3 is projected onto the face, and the positioning operation of the blast hole is completed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to adjust the distance between the infrared light source 4 and the blast hole layout template 3, and then conveniently adjust the projection point of the blast hole, three sliding grooves 22 are provided on the side surface of the installation shell 2, the sliding grooves 22 are arranged along the length direction of the installation shell 2, a sliding device 9 is provided in the sliding grooves 22, and the sliding device 9 comprises a sliding frame 91 in the sliding grooves 22 in sliding fit, a rotating plate 92 in rotating fit with the sliding frame 91, and a clamping ball 93 fixedly arranged on the rotating plate 92.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the sliding frame 91 is a T-shaped frame, the top and bottom ends of the sliding frame 91 are inserted into the sliding groove 22, a supporting seat is fixedly provided on a side surface of the sliding frame 91, the rotating plate 92 is a T-shaped plate, and the rotating plate 92 is rotationally matched on the sliding frame 91 through being rotationally matched on the supporting seat. The installation shell 2 is located the top and bottom department of sliding tray 22 and evenly has offered a plurality of joint grooves 23, and joint groove 23 is the hemisphere groove, and joint ball 93 is the hemisphere structure with joint groove 23 looks adaptation. When the locking ball 93 is rotated into the locking groove 23, the locking ball 93 is locked with the locking groove 23, and the sliding of the carriage 91 in the sliding groove 22 can be limited. The clamping ball 93 is rotated, so that the clamping ball 93 rotates out of the clamping groove 23, the clamping ball 93 is not clamped with the clamping groove 23, then the sliding frame 91 is pulled to conduct sliding adjustment in the sliding groove 22, the distance between the infrared light source 4 and the blast hole layout template 3 is adjusted, and after adjustment, the rotating plate 92 is rotated, so that the clamping ball 93 is clamped into the corresponding clamping groove 23.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the installation housing 2, a mounting plate 11 is provided on the positioning bracket 1, the mounting plate 11 is a hollow rectangular plate, a mounting block 12 is fixedly provided on the positioning bracket 1, the mounting block 12 is a rectangular block, a chute 121 is provided in the mounting block 12, the chute 121 is a T-shaped slot, a lifting block 111 which is slidably matched with the chute 121 is fixedly provided on the mounting plate 11, the lifting block 111 is of a T-shaped structure, a pushing device 8 is provided in the mounting block 12, the pushing device 8 is started, and the lifting block 111 is pushed to perform lifting adjustment.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pushing device 8 includes a screw rod 81 rotatably fitted in the mounting block 12 and an extrusion block 82 screwed on the screw rod 81, a knob is fixedly disposed at one end of the screw rod 81 extending out of the mounting block 12, the extrusion block 82 is a T-shaped block, the extrusion block 82 is slidably fitted with the chute 121, one end of the extrusion block 82, which is close to the lifting block 111, is provided with an extrusion surface 821 for extruding the lifting block 111, the extrusion surface 821 is disposed obliquely downward in a vertically downward direction, and one end of the lifting block 111, which is close to the extrusion surface 821, is provided with an inclined surface corresponding to the extrusion surface 821.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the lifting block 111 needs to be lifted and adjusted, the knob is rotated to drive the screw rod 81 to rotate, drive the extrusion block 82 to slide along the chute 121 in a direction approaching or separating from the lifting block 111, and when the extrusion block 82 slides towards the position approaching to the lifting block 111, the lifting block 111 can be extruded and the lifting block 111 is lifted to drive the installation housing 2 to lift; when the extrusion block 82 slides away from the lifting block 111, the extrusion block 82 does not extrude the lifting block 111 any more, and the lifting block 111 descends to drive the installation housing 2 to descend.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to be able to rotatably adjust the installation housing 2, an adjusting device 6 for driving the installation housing 2 to rotatably adjust is installed on the installation plate 11, the adjusting device 6 includes a screw 61 rotatably fitted on the installation plate 11, a rotating member 62 for driving the screw 61 to rotate, a slider 63 screwed on the screw 61, and a support bar 64 for supporting one end of the installation housing 2, the screw 61 is provided along the height direction of the positioning bracket 1, the slider 63 is a rectangular block, the support bar 64 is a rectangular bar, one end of the support bar 64 is rotatably fitted on the lower surface of the installation housing 2, and the other end is rotatably fitted on the slider 63.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the rotating assembly 62 includes a worm 621 rotatably fitted to the mounting plate 11 and a worm wheel 622 engaged with the worm 621, and a knob is fixedly provided at an end of the worm 621 extending out of the mounting plate 11, and the worm wheel 622 is fixedly fitted over the screw 61. The worm 621 is rotated to drive the worm wheel 622 and the screw 61 to rotate in sequence.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the top end of the screw 61 is fixedly provided with a mounting rod 5, the mounting rod 5 is a cylindrical rod, the top end of the mounting rod 5 is provided with a rotating groove 51, the rotating groove 51 is a spherical groove, the lower surface of the mounting shell 2 is fixedly provided with a rotating ball 21 which is in rotary fit in the rotating groove 51, and the rotating ball 21 is of a spherical structure which is matched with the rotating groove 51.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a fixing seat is provided on the mounting plate 11, a limiting plate 7 is rotatably matched on the fixing seat, the limiting plate 7 is a rectangular plate, the bottom end of the limiting plate 7 is rotatably matched on the mounting plate 11 through being rotatably matched on the fixing seat, a limiting groove 631 matched with the limiting plate 7 is formed in the side face of the sliding block 63, the limiting groove 631 is a rectangular groove, the limiting plate 7 is slidably matched with the limiting groove 631, and the sliding block 63 and the limiting plate 7 are slidably matched along the vertical direction.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the mounting housing 2 needs to be rotationally adjusted, when the limiting plate 7 rotates out of the limiting groove 631, the limiting plate 7 is not in sliding fit with the limiting groove 631, then the worm 621 rotates to sequentially drive the worm wheel 622 and the screw 61 to rotate and drive the sliding block 63 to rotate, so as to drive the mounting housing 2 to rotate around the central axis of the screw 61 and drive the rotating ball 21 to rotate in the rotating groove 51. When the installation shell 2 needs to be subjected to swing adjustment, the limiting plate 7 is rotated into the limiting groove 631, the limiting plate 7 is in sliding fit with the limiting groove 631, the worm 621 is rotated, the worm wheel 622 and the screw 61 are sequentially driven to rotate, the sliding block 63 is driven to vertically lift along the limiting plate 7, the supporting rod 64 is driven to rotate while sliding, and the installation shell 2 is driven to perform swing motion. When the slide block 63 rises, the support rod 64 is driven to rotate while sliding, one end of the installation shell 2, which is close to the support rod 64, swings in the direction away from the slide block 63, and when the slide block 63 descends, one end of the installation shell 2, which is close to the support rod 64, swings in the direction close to the slide block 63 through the support rod 64, so that the adjustment operation of the installation shell 2 is completed.
The implementation principle of the high-precision positioning structure for the tunnel blast hole provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the blast hole is required to be projected at the face, the positioning support 1 is placed at the position to be used firstly, then the height of the positioning support 1 is adjusted, when the height of the installation shell 2 is required to be adjusted, the height of the installation shell 2 is adjusted through the pushing device 8, and when the installation shell 2 is required to be rotated and adjusted, the limiting plate 7 is not in sliding fit with the limiting groove 631 any more, then the screw 61 is rotated, the sliding block 63 is driven to rotate, and the installation shell 2 is driven to rotate around the central axis of the screw 61. When the installation shell 2 needs to be subjected to swing adjustment, the limiting plate 7 is in sliding fit with the limiting groove 631, then the screw 61 is rotated, the sliding block 63 is driven to vertically lift along the limiting plate 7, the supporting rod 64 is driven to rotate while sliding, and the installation shell 2 is driven to perform swing motion. After the adjustment is completed, the blast hole layout template 3 is inserted into the installation shell 2, the distance between the infrared light source 4 and the blast hole layout template 3 is adjusted, after the adjustment is completed, the infrared light source 4 is turned on, the blast hole is projected onto the face through the blast hole layout template 3, projection operation of the blast hole is completed, and then the blast hole is constructed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application further provides a construction method for a tunnel blast hole, as shown in the drawings, the construction method adopts the above structure, and specifically includes the following steps: s1: leveling the tunnel face, wherein a crawler excavator is matched with a breaking hammer to break protruding rock blocks of the tunnel face, and after the treatment is completed, measuring staff detects the flatness of the tunnel face, firstly, ensuring that the tunnel excavation contour side line must meet the requirement without underexcavation, the tunnel face has no obvious protruding block stones, and carrying out next construction after measurement and check are qualified;
S2: the positioning structure is positioned, the positioning structure is determined to be placed at a position 15m away from the tunnel through experiments according to the section size of the tunnel face of the engineering tunnel and the actual parameters of the positioning structure, the projected size of a blast hole is just suitable for the section size of the tunnel, after the distance between the blast hole and the tunnel face is determined, a measuring person is arranged to determine the specific position of the positioning structure according to a tunnel measuring wire, the height of the center point of the tunnel face is calculated through measurement, the height of the positioning bracket 1 is adjusted, and the installation height of the positioning structure is adjusted;
S3: after the erection position and the erection elevation of the positioning structure are determined by using a total station, the erection and the elevation adjustment of the positioning structure are carried out according to the site marking points, the infrared light source 4 is required to be subjected to initial leveling and fine leveling treatment after being installed at fixed points, the positioning support 1 is manually supported, the positioning support 1 is preliminarily leveled through vision, and then the infrared light source 4 is fixed on the sliding support 91 through bolts; the fine leveling is carried out by adjusting the leveling bolts (three) on the positioning bracket 1, in the adjusting process, referring to the circular air bubbles and the strip-shaped air bubbles of the positioning bracket 1 and ensuring that the air bubbles are centered, namely, the effect of fine leveling is achieved, after the leveling is finished, the position and the elevation of the installation axis of the positioning structure are rechecked by using the total station, and after the rechecked meets the requirements, the next operation is carried out;
S4: selecting and projecting a blast hole layout template 3, selecting a proper blast hole layout template 3 according to the surrounding rock condition of a tunnel after the positioning structure is erected, fixing, leveling and installing the blast hole layout template 3 on the positioning structure according to requirements, namely performing tunnel blasting blast hole projection operation according to a corresponding program, and projecting corresponding blast hole parameters to the position of a face through infrared rays under the photoelectric effect;
S5: the projection points are marked by paint, a field worker carries out paint dotting marking on the infrared projection points by adopting a stay bar paint brush according to the projection point positions of the blast holes on the tunnel section, and the positions of all the blast holes are strictly marked, so that the accurate positioning of the blast holes is achieved;
S6: after drilling construction and charging blasting are completed, the positioning structure is disassembled and moved out of the hole, the loader pushes the drilling and blasting trolley to the face, after the drilling and blasting trolley is adjusted and fixed, the YT-28 hand pneumatic drill is adopted to carry out drilling construction according to the blast hole points accurately positioned by the positioning structure, after the drilling is completed, the air compressor is used for blowing holes and cleaning holes on the blast holes, after the processing is completed, charging is carried out under the command of a specialty powderman strictly according to the design charge amount of each section, after the charging is completed, the powderman is adopted for blasting line arrangement and collection, and after all irrelevant personnel on site are separated to a safe area, the section is subjected to sectional blasting by adopting the blaster;
S7: and after the hole slag cleaning is finished, on-site constructors cooperate with an excavator to perform hole top dangerous stone cleaning operation, and measuring staff correspondingly detect the blasting condition of the tunnel section to ensure that the tunnel contour line is over-dug to meet the design requirement.
The specific implementation principle of the method is described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, so details are not repeated here.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (8)
1. A tunnel big gun hole high accuracy location structure, its characterized in that: the device comprises a positioning bracket (1), a mounting shell (2) arranged on the positioning bracket (1), a blasthole layout template (3) provided with blastholes and an infrared light source (4) used for projecting the blastholes to the face, wherein the infrared light source (4) and the blasthole layout template (3) are arranged on the mounting shell (2), and the infrared light source (4) and the blasthole layout template (3) are correspondingly arranged;
The positioning support (1) is provided with a mounting plate (11), the mounting plate (11) is provided with a mounting rod (5), the mounting rod (5) is provided with a rotating groove (51), the mounting shell (2) is provided with a rotating ball (21) which is in rotating fit with the rotating groove (51), and the positioning support (1) is provided with an adjusting device (6) for driving the mounting shell (2) to rotate and adjust;
The adjusting device (6) comprises a screw rod (61) which is in rotary fit with the mounting plate (11), a rotary component (62) which is used for driving the screw rod (61) to rotate, a sliding block (63) which is in threaded fit with the screw rod (61) and a supporting rod (64) which is used for supporting one end of the mounting shell (2), one end of the supporting rod (64) is in rotary fit with the mounting shell (2), the other end of the supporting rod is in rotary fit with the sliding block (63), and a limiting plate (7) which is matched with the vertical sliding of the sliding block (63) is arranged on the mounting plate (11);
Three sliding tray (22) have been seted up to the side of installation casing (2), sliding tray (22) set up along the length direction of installation casing (2), be provided with slider (9) in sliding tray (22), slider (9) are including sliding fit in sliding tray (91) in sliding tray (22), rotor plate (92) and fixed joint ball (93) that set up on rotor plate (92) on rotor plate (91), installation casing (2) are located the top and the bottom department of sliding tray (22) evenly offer a plurality of joint grooves (23), joint groove (23) are hemispherical groove, joint ball (93) be with hemispherical structure of joint groove (23) looks adaptation.
2. The high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating assembly (62) comprises a worm (621) in rotating fit with the mounting plate (11) and a worm wheel (622) meshed with the worm (621), and the worm wheel (622) is sleeved on the screw (61) and used for driving the screw (61) to rotate.
3. The high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to claim 2, wherein: and the sliding block (63) is provided with a limiting groove (631) matched with the limiting plate (7), and the limiting plate (7) is in sliding fit with the limiting groove (631).
4. A tunnel blast hole high accuracy location structure according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom normal running fit of limiting plate (7) is on mounting panel (11), limiting plate (7) rotate in spacing groove (631), limiting plate (7) and spacing groove (631) sliding fit, when limiting plate (7) are rotated out in from spacing groove (631), limiting plate (7) no longer with spacing groove (631) sliding fit.
5. The high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to claim 4, wherein: the mounting rod (5) is arranged at the top end of the screw rod (61).
6. The high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning support (1) is provided with a mounting block (12), a sliding groove (121) is formed in the mounting block (12), the mounting plate (11) is provided with a lifting block (111) which is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (121), and a pushing device (8) for pushing the lifting block (111) to lift is arranged in the mounting block (12).
7. The high-precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to claim 6, wherein: the pushing device (8) comprises a screw rod (81) in a mounting block (12) in a rotating fit mode and an extrusion block (82) in threaded fit with the screw rod (81), the extrusion block (82) is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (121), an extrusion surface (821) for extruding the lifting block (111) is arranged on the extrusion block (82), and the extrusion surface (821) is obliquely arranged downwards along the vertical downward direction.
8. A tunnel blast hole construction method is characterized in that: a high precision positioning structure for a tunnel blast hole according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
S1: leveling the tunnel face;
S2: positioning by a positioning structure;
S3: erecting and leveling a positioning structure;
S4: selecting and projecting a blast hole layout template (3);
s5: projecting a dot paint mark;
S6: drilling construction, charging and blasting;
S7: and detecting the section excavation effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114812322A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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