CN114809089A - Method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114809089A CN114809089A CN202210450044.9A CN202210450044A CN114809089A CN 114809089 A CN114809089 A CN 114809089A CN 202210450044 A CN202210450044 A CN 202210450044A CN 114809089 A CN114809089 A CN 114809089A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/073—Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a sinking pipe; s2, preparing before undocking; s3, a first section of immersed tube is provided with a cable; s4, twisting the first section of immersed tube; s5, mooring the first section of immersed tube in place; s6, a second section of immersed tube is provided with a cable; s7, the second section of immersed tube is stranded and moored in place; s8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all the immersed tubes are stored in the mooring parking positions of the mooring storage area; the device has the advantages that leakage detection, floating and undocking are carried out on the multiple immersed tubes, angle control in the process of undocking of the immersed tubes is achieved through the winch, the mooring bollards and the cable guide, control in the process of undocking of the immersed tubes is met, continuous twisting of the multiple-tube-section immersed tubes is achieved, the most record of the number of the single-batch undocking immersed tubes of the existing domestic sea-crossing immersed tube tunnel is created, construction efficiency is greatly improved, and construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes.
Background
At present, the dry docking method and the factory method are mostly adopted for prefabricating immersed tubes at home and abroad, the undocking process after the prefabrication of the immersed tubes is finished by the dry docking method and the factory method is mostly used for undocking single-tube joints due to factors such as the prefabrication method, a construction site, the environment, resources and engineering schedule arrangement, namely, one immersed tube is prefabricated, the undocking/transferring construction of the immersed tubes is carried out by watering or transferring a hydraulic trolley, the construction efficiency is low, the requirement of the installation schedule of the immersed tubes cannot be met, the intermittent shutdown situation of 'no tube can be installed' is easy to appear, the project construction period is prolonged, personnel, ship machines and materials are idle, the resource utilization rate is extremely low, the project cost is increased, the economic benefit of the project is reduced at the same time, and the efficient continuous development of immersed tube tunnel engineering is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for simultaneously undocking the multiple immersed tubes, which has high safety and greatly improves the construction efficiency.
The invention provides a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a sinking tube:
prefabricating a plurality of sections of immersed tubes in the dry dock, and temporarily mooring the immersed tubes to prevent mutual collision;
s2, preparation before undocking:
filling water into the dry dock, simultaneously performing leakage detection and floating on the plurality of immersed tubes, and opening a dock gate to enable a dry dock chamber to be communicated with the open sea;
s3, first section of immersed tube with cable:
taking a sinking pipe positioned at the entrance of a dry dock chamber as a first section of sinking pipe, wherein two sides of the head end of the first section of sinking pipe are fixed with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction and left-right direction control on the head end of the first section of sinking pipe; two sides of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube are also fixed with cables of corresponding windlasses so as to realize the control of the left and right directions of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube;
s4, twisting the first section of immersed tube:
moving the first section of immersed tube to the tail end undocking through the cooperation of the winches in the step S3, and then replacing proper winches to continue moving the immersed tube to the mooring storage area according to the positions of the winches and the angles of the cables;
s5, mooring the first section of immersed tube in place:
after the first section of immersed tube is stranded and moved to the mooring storage area, sequentially mooring the head end and the tail end of the first section of immersed tube to mooring columns located on the periphery of the first section of immersed tube, releasing a winch mooring rope of the first section of immersed tube, and mooring the first section of immersed tube at a parking position;
s6, second section of immersed tube with cable:
fixing two sides of the head end of a second section of immersed tube with corresponding winch cables to realize traction and left-right direction control of the head end of the second section of immersed tube; two sides of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube are also fixed with cables of corresponding windlasses so as to realize the control and braking of the left and right directions of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube;
s7, the second section of immersed tube is stranded and moored in place:
and (4) moving the second section of immersed tube to a temporary mooring position before the first section of immersed tube is undocked through the cooperation of the winches in the step (S6), timely replacing a proper winch according to the position of each winch and the angle of the cable, continuing moving the second section of immersed tube until the second section of immersed tube reaches a mooring storage area, sequentially mooring the head end and the tail end of the second section of immersed tube to the mooring posts around the second section of immersed tube, releasing the cable of the winch of the second section of immersed tube, and mooring the second section of immersed tube to the parking position.
And S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all the immersed tubes are stored in the mooring storage area.
In the method for simultaneously undocking the multiple immersed tubes, the multiple immersed tubes are subjected to leakage detection, floating and undocking simultaneously, the angles of the immersed tubes in the undocking process are controlled by the winch, the mooring post and the cable guider, the control of the undocking process of the immersed tubes is met, the continuous twisting of the multiple immersed tubes is realized, the maximum record of the number of the single-batch undocking immersed tubes of the current domestic sea-crossing immersed tube tunnel is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced simultaneously.
In some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, the first length of immersed tube may be stranded to a second outfitting area, and the specific steps are as follows:
s41, the first section of immersed tube is stranded to the head end and faces the dock gate, the left end and the right end of the middle of the first section of immersed tube are respectively moored with mooring bollards on a breakwater through high-strength cables, the left side and the right side of the head end and corresponding winches form a splayed ribbon cable form, and preparation for connection of ship pipes is made;
s42, connecting the left and right sides of one end of the first pipe section sinking ship close to the first section of sinking pipe with mooring bollards in the middle of the sinking pipe through high-strength cables, and carrying out traction and left-right direction control on the head end of the first pipe section sinking ship;
one end of the first pipe section sinking ship far away from the first section sinking pipe; the left side and the right side of the first pipe joint sinking ship are respectively connected with a winch to control the left direction and the right direction of the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
s43, the first pipe section sinking ship moves in a twisting mode until the first pipe section sinking ship is sleeved with the head end of the first sinking pipe, the cable of the first pipe section sinking ship is connected to the head end and the tail end mooring bollards of the first sinking pipe, and then the first pipe section sinking ship continues to move forwards until the first pipe section sinking ship is sleeved with the tail end of the first sinking pipe;
s44, repeating the steps S42-S43, and sleeving the second pipe section sinking ship into the head end of the first section sinking pipe to complete the ship pipe connection;
and S45, transferring the first pipe section sinking ship, the first pipe section sinking ship and the second pipe section sinking ship which are connected by the ship pipes in the step S44 to a secondary outfitting area for mooring and parking through various winches and multiple cable replacement in the middle process.
In some embodiments of the present application, at least one docking chamber is disposed in the dry dock, and each docking chamber is designed according to the volume of the sinking pipes, and can prefabricate at least two sections of sinking pipes, so as to meet a requirement that a plurality of sinking pipes are prefabricated at the same time.
In some embodiments of the application, a plurality of winches, a cable guider and a mooring post for adjusting the twisting of the immersed tube are respectively arranged on the dock walls around each dock chamber, a plurality of winches and mooring posts are respectively arranged on breakwaters on two sides of each mooring storage area, and different winch cables need to be replaced according to the change of the positions of the immersed tubes in the twisting process, so that the twisting control of the immersed tubes is realized, and the stable control of the twisting process of tube sections is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, after the sinking pipes are prefabricated, water may be poured into a single dock chamber, and the pipe sections of the plurality of sinking pipes in the dock chamber are simultaneously subjected to leak detection and floating.
In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, the dry dock is irrigated to a water level to submerge the top of the immersed tube by 15-25cm, the floating of the tube joints is completed by removing ballast water in the plurality of sections of immersed tubes to reduce negative buoyancy, the irrigation is continued until the tube joints are approximately flush with the surface of the open sea, and then the dock gate is opened to communicate the dry dock chamber with the open sea.
In some embodiments of the present application, a winch cable on the breakwater is connected to the mooring post on the top of the immersed tube through a cable guide, and the length and angle of the cable are required to be noticed to ensure that the immersed tube stranding process is stably controlled, and the stranding process, in steps S4-S8, different winch cables need to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube to realize the stranding control of the immersed tube until the winch cable is stranded to the immersed tube mooring storage area for mooring and storage.
In some embodiments of the present application, the storage of the immersed tube mooring needs to maintain a safe distance of at least 5m to avoid tube-to-tube collision.
In some embodiments of the application, tire fenders are arranged on two sides of the dock gate to avoid collision between the sinking pipe and the two sides of the dock gate; and a tire fender is arranged between two adjacent immersed tubes in the mooring storage area, so that the immersed tubes are prevented from colliding with each other.
Based on the technical scheme, the method for simultaneously undocking the multiple immersed tubes simultaneously performs leakage detection, floating and undocking on the multiple immersed tubes, controls the angles of the immersed tubes in the undocking process through the winch, the mooring post and the cable guider, meets the control of the undocking process of the immersed tubes, realizes the continuous twisting and undocking of the multiple-tube immersed tubes, creates the most record of the number of the single-batch undocked immersed tubes of the domestic sea-crossing immersed tube tunnel, greatly improves the construction efficiency and reduces the construction cost;
through reasonable design of the position of the winch, the cable guider and the cable tying column, the angle and the length of each cable meet the control requirement of the immersed tube, the continuous twisting and the undocking of a plurality of sections of immersed tubes are realized, the shutdown situation that no tube can be arranged is avoided, the idle rate of the ship engine and materials is reduced, and the economic benefit of the project is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic distribution diagram of a dry dock, a secondary outfitting area and a mooring storage area in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the sinking tube, the winch, the fairlead and the bollard in the dry dock according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of temporary mooring of a west dock chamber immersion pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an E1 pipe joint mooring line in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an E1 pipe joint twisted by 200m according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of E1 pipe joint of FIG. 5 after being stranded for 200m and then replaced;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the E1 pipe joint of FIG. 6 being further moved by 55 m;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the E1 pipe joint in FIG. 7 after being stranded for 55 m;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the E1 pipe joint of FIG. 8 after continuing to move southward twisted by 96m and eastward twisted by 118m and changing the cable;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the mooring hawser of the E1 pipe joint of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a position of a Jinan No. 3 mooring dock gate;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the Jinan No. 3 cable being transferred to the head end of the E1 pipe joint;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the Jinan No. 3 cable being transferred to the end of the E1 pipe joint;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the Jinan No. 2 cable shifted to the head end of the E1 pipe joint;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an E1 pipe joint stranded to a mooring station of a secondary outfitting area;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the second section of sinking pipe E6 with a section of mooring line;
FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of E6 after the mooring lines have been adjusted while the pipe joint is being moved forward by 30 m;
FIG. 18 is the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 17 after being further twisted forward by 200 m;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the E6 tube section of FIG. 18 after being twisted for 200m and then replaced;
FIG. 20 is the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 19 after being further twisted forward by 100 m;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the E6 tube section of FIG. 20 after being stranded for 100m and then replaced;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the E6 tube section of FIG. 21 after being cabled for a further 30m of twist;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the E6 tube segment of FIG. 22 being further stranded by 122 m;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the E6 tube section of FIG. 23 after being twisted by 122m and then replaced;
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe section of FIG. 24 being further articulated to a moored storage position;
FIG. 26 is a schematic illustration of the E6 pipe section in the moored position in the moored storage area;
FIG. 27 is a third section of sinking tube E5 umbilical;
FIG. 28 is a schematic representation of the E5 tube section being traversed to the original E6 tube section position;
FIG. 29 is a schematic of a mooring line with an E5 pipe joint at the original E6 pipe joint position;
fig. 30 is a schematic illustration of the E5 pipe section in a moored position at a moored storage area.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
10. a dock chamber; 20. a west dock chamber; 30. a first pipe section sinking ship; 40. and a second pipe section sinking ship.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting.
The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes in the embodiment is suitable for undocking prefabricated immersed tubes by a dry docking method. As shown in fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, the dry dock is divided into an east dock chamber 10 and a west dock chamber 20, and further includes a second outfitting area and a mooring storage area, which are isolated from the open sea by a dock gate caisson. In this embodiment, three sinking tubes may be prefabricated in a single dock chamber, tube joints E1, E5 and E6 are prefabricated in the west dock chamber 20, and tube joints E2, E3 and E4 are prefabricated in the east dock chamber 10, where the tube joints E1 and E4 are respectively located at the gates of the west dock chamber 20 and the east dock chamber 10. The winch, the fairlead and the mooring post are arranged around the dry dock for mooring and winching the immersed tube, and the arrangement mode is shown in fig. 2, wherein W represents the winch, H represents the fairlead, and J represents the mooring post.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, there are 19 windlasses, wherein the windlasses W1, W2, W3 and W4 are located on the wall of the east dock, and the sinking pipe winch of the east dock chamber 10 is used for undocking; the W10, W11, W12 and W13 windlasses are positioned on the wall of the west dock and are used for moving the sinking pipe winch of the west dock chamber 20 out of the dock; the W5, W6, W7, W8 and W9 windlasses are positioned on the middle partition wall, and the two sinking pipes of the east and west dock chambers are taken into consideration to move out of the dock; and the remaining W14, W15, W16, W17, W18 and W19 windlasses are positioned at the periphery of the east-west breakwater or harbor basin and used for transversely moving the immersed tube to a storage area or a secondary outfitting area after the immersed tube is stranded out of the dry dock.
Taking the west dock chamber as an example, the present embodiment is a method for undocking three sinking pipes simultaneously, including the following steps:
s1, immersed tube preparation:
three sections of sinking pipes are prefabricated in two east and west dock chambers in a dry dock respectively, wherein E2, E3 and E4 pipe joints are prefabricated in the east dock chamber 10, E1, E5 and E6 pipe joints are prefabricated in the west dock chamber 20, the three sections of sinking pipes in the west dock chamber 10 are temporarily moored, high-strength cables are used for temporarily mooring the three sections of sinking pipes on mooring bollards of a west dock wall and a partition wall, the pipe joints are stable in the subsequent leakage detection and floating processes, mutual collision is avoided, and cables are timely tightened according to the loose degree of the cables after floating;
s2, preparation before undocking:
irrigating a west dock chamber 20 of the dry dock, simultaneously carrying out leakage detection and floating on E1, E5 and E6 pipe joints, and then opening a dock gate to enable the dry dock to be communicated with the open sea;
s3, a first section of immersed tube E1 with cable:
taking a sinking pipe E1 positioned at the entrance of the dry dock chamber as a first sinking pipe, and fixing two sides of the head end of E1 with corresponding winch cables so as to realize the traction and the left-right direction control of the head end of E1; two sides of the tail end of the E1 pipe joint are also fixed with cables of a corresponding winch so as to realize the control of the left and right directions of the tail end of E1;
as shown in fig. 4, the winches W16 and W17 on the breakwater opposite to the west dock chamber 20 are fixed with both sides of the head end of the E1 in a crossing manner through the fairlead to tow the head end of the E1 pipe joint; a W6 winch positioned on the middle partition shore wall and a W13 winch positioned on the west dock wall control the left and right direction of the head end of E1; the cables of the windlasses on the middle partition wall W7 and the west dock wall W12 are left and right direction control cables at the tail end of E1; a high-strength cable is arranged at the tail end of the E1 and connected with the head end of the E6 pipe joint which is positioned right behind the E1 pipe joint to be used as a braking cable;
s4, twisting the first section of immersed tube E1:
the E1 is stranded by 200m to the undocking of the tail end thereof by cooperation of the respective winders in step S3, as shown in fig. 5; then, cable replacement is carried out, cables of the W13 winch and the W6 winch are released, and the cable of the W14 winch is brought to a mooring post at the tail end of the E1 immersed tube, as shown in fig. 6; the hoists cooperate to move E1 to 55m and then park, as shown in FIG. 7; mooring the W4 and W19 winch cables to the mooring posts at the head end and the tail end of the sinking pipe, and releasing the W7 winch cables, as shown in figure 8; the winches cooperate to move the immersed tube to the south for 96m and move the immersed tube to the east for 118m to stand, and the ropes of the winches W12 and W17 are released timely according to the angle of the ropes in the process, as shown in FIG. 9; the middle cable replacement means that proper winches are replaced in due time to continue to move according to the positions of the winches and the angles of the cables;
after the E1 pipe joint is twisted and moved to the position shown in fig. 9, the pipe joint needs to be twisted and moved to a secondary outfitting area for secondary outfitting, and the specific twisting and moving steps are as follows:
s41 and E1 pipe joints are stranded and moved to the positions shown in the figure 9, the head ends of the E1 pipe joints are opposite to a dock gate, the axis of the E1 pipe joints is vertical to the dock gate, ship pipe connection is facilitated, firstly, the left and right ends of the middle of the E1 pipe joints are respectively moored with mooring bollards on breakwaters on two sides through high-strength cables, the left side of the head end of the E1 is connected with a W16 mooring rope on a west breakwater, the right side of the head end of the E1 pipe joints is connected with a W19 mooring rope on an east breakwater, the left and right sides of the head end of the E1 pipe joints are changed into a splayed mooring rope form through crossed mooring ropes, and preparation for ship pipe connection is made, as shown in figure 10;
s42, in this embodiment, the first pipe section depositing vessel 30 is jin 'hei No. 3, as shown in fig. 11, jin' hei No. 3 is close to one end of the E1 pipe section, and the left and right sides of the jin 'hei No. 3 are connected with the mooring bollards at the left and right sides of the middle part of E1 through high-strength cables, so as to tow and control the left and right direction of the head end of jin' hei No. 3;
the left side and the right side of one end of Jinping No. 3 far away from E1 are respectively connected with a winch to control the left and right directions of the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
s43, the Jinping No. 3 is stranded and moved towards the direction close to the E1 until the head end of the E1 pipe joint is sleeved, as shown in figure 12, before and after the cable of the W19 and the W16 winch is sleeved on the head end of the E1 pipe joint, the cable needs to be loosened and tensioned in due time, the continuous stranding of the Jinan No. 3 is avoided being influenced, after the cable of the Jinping No. 3 is connected to the head end and the tail end mooring posts of the E1 pipe joint, the cable is stranded and moved forwards until the Jinping No. 3 is sleeved on the tail end of the E1, as shown in figure 13;
s44, repeating steps S42-S43, and sleeving the second pipe-joint sinking boat into the head end of the first sinking pipe to complete the pipe connection, where the second pipe-joint sinking boat 40 is jin' hei No. 2, as shown in fig. 14:
s45, transferring the E1 pipe joint, the Jinping No. 3 and the Jinping No. 2 which are connected with the ship pipe in the step S44 to a secondary outfitting area mooring position through various winches and cable changing in the middle process, and mooring the outfitting area mooring position as shown in FIG. 15;
s5, mooring the first section of immersed tube in place:
e1 is stranded to a secondary outfitting area, the head end and the tail end of the E1 pipe joint are sequentially moored to the mooring bollards positioned on the periphery of the E1 pipe joint, and the No. 3 and No. 2 of Jinping are moored to the mooring bollards on the periphery of the No. 3 and No. 2 of Jinping, the winch mooring rope of the E1 pipe joint is released, and the E1 mooring position is reserved;
s6, a second section of immersed tube E6 is provided with a cable:
the E6 pipe section is used as a second sinking pipe for undocking, the cables of the winches W5 and W13 are cabled to the mooring post at the head end of the E6 pipe section to be used as a traction cable, the cables of the winches W7 and W12 are cabled to the mooring post at the head end of the E6 pipe section to be used as a left-right direction control cable, and the cables of the winches W9 and W11 are cabled to the mooring post at the tail end of the E6 pipe section to be used as a left-right direction control and brake cable, as shown in fig. 16;
s7, the second section of immersed tube E6 is stranded and moored in place:
releasing the mooring rope of the E6 pipe joint, twisting the E6 forwards for 30m to stay, adjusting the mooring rope of the E5 pipe joint, and avoiding influencing the winch rope at the tail end of the E6 immersed tube, as shown in FIG. 17; the winches cooperatively move the immersed tube to a position of 200m to reach the position of the original E1 pipe joint, as shown in FIG. 18; the W7 and W12 winch cables are connected to the E6 tail end mooring bollard, and the W16 and W17 winch cables are cabled to the E6 head end mooring bollard, as shown in FIG. 19; the winches cooperate to winch the immersed tube 100m away, and release the ropes of the winches W9 and W11, as shown in FIG. 20; the winches cooperate to continue to winch the E6 forward 100m, changing the W13, W6 winch cables to the E6 tail mooring bollards, as shown in fig. 21; the hoists cooperate to move E6 forward by 30m, releasing the W12 and W7 hoist cables, as shown in FIG. 22; the hoists cooperate to hoist the immersed tube by 122m, as shown in fig. 23; mooring the winch cables of W4, W18, W14 and W15 to the mooring bollards at the head end and the tail end of the sinking pipe, as shown in FIG. 24; the winches cooperate to winch the immersed tube 136m to the mooring storage position of the E6 pipe joint, as shown in FIG. 25; and sequentially mooring the mooring bollards at the head end and the tail end of the E6 pipe joint to the peripheral bollards, and releasing the winch cable, as shown in figure 26, completing mooring and parking by E6.
The third immersed tube E5 transposition, mooring and positioning process specifically comprises: mooring the cables of the winches W10, W11, W12, W7 and W8 to the mooring posts at the head end and the tail end of the sinking pipe, as shown in FIG. 27; the west mooring rope of the E5 pipe joint is released, and the E5 pipe joint is moved 60m to the original E6 pipe joint position through the coordination of the windlasses, as shown in figure 28; and repeating the processes of twisting, transferring and mooring in place of the E6 pipe joint, carrying out the same twisting, transferring and mooring changing process on the E5 pipe joint, and twisting and transferring the E5 pipe joint to a mooring storage area for mooring and storing. As shown in fig. 29-30;
and S8, repeating the steps, sequentially transferring the E4, the E3 and the E2 pipe joints in the east dock chamber to a mooring storage area for mooring and parking, and replacing different winch cables according to the position change of the immersed tube in the transferring process so as to realize the transferring control of the immersed tube.
And after the undocking work of 3 sections of immersed tubes of a single dock chamber is completed in sequence, reversely operating a dock gate caisson, closing a dock gate, discharging seawater in a dry dock through a dry dock drainage pump system, and performing the next batch of immersed tube prefabrication work.
According to the method for synchronously undocking the immersed tubes, the leakage detection, floating and undocking are carried out on 3 immersed tubes, the angle of the immersed tubes in the undocking process is controlled through the winch, the mooring bollards and the cable guider, the control of the undocking process of the immersed tubes is met, the number of prefabricated tube sections of a single dock chamber is comprehensively designed according to the actual sea area condition and the immersed tube size, the continuous twisting and undocking of the immersed tubes of multiple tube sections can be realized, the most record of the number of the single-batch undocking immersed tubes of the existing domestic sea-crossing immersed tube tunnel is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile the construction cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1-2, two dock chambers are arranged in the dry dock, and each dock chamber is designed according to the volume of the immersed tube, so that three immersed tubes can be prefabricated, and the requirement of prefabricating a plurality of immersed tubes at the same time is met. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of winches for adjusting the twisting and moving of the immersed tube, cable guides and cable ties are respectively arranged on the dock walls around each dock chamber, a plurality of winches and cable ties are respectively arranged on the breakwaters at the two sides of the mooring storage area, and different winch cables need to be replaced according to the change of the position of the immersed tube in the twisting and moving process, so that the twisting and moving control of the immersed tube is realized, and the stable and controlled twisting and moving process of tube sections is ensured.
In step S1, after the immersed tube is prefabricated, water may be poured into a single dock chamber, and leakage detection and floating of multiple immersed tubes in the dock chamber are performed simultaneously. In step S2, the dry dock is filled with water to a water level to submerge the top of the immersed tube by 20cm, the negative buoyancy is reduced by removing ballast water in the plurality of sections of immersed tubes to complete floating of the tube sections, the water is continuously filled until the tube sections are approximately flush with the surface of the open sea, and then the dock gate is opened to communicate the dry dock chamber with the open sea.
The winch steel wire rope on the breakwater is connected with the mooring post on the top of the immersed tube through the cable guider, the length and the angle of the steel wire rope are required to be noticed, the immersed tube stranding process is ensured to be stable and controlled, the stranding process is required to be changed in steps S4-S8, different winch cables are required to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube, so that the stranding control of the immersed tube is realized, and the immersed tube is stranded until the immersed tube is stranded to the immersed tube mooring storage area for mooring and storage.
Because the size of the dock gate is limited, the head-tail axis of the pipe joint is strictly controlled when the sinking pipe is stranded and passes through the dock gate, so that collision is avoided; constantly observing the angle and the length of the winch cable, and timely replacing the winch cable to ensure that the process of twisting the immersed tube is stably controlled; the safety distance of at least 5m needs to be kept for mooring and storage of the immersed tube, so that collision between tube joints is avoided; tire fenders are arranged on two sides of the dock gate to avoid collision between the sinking pipe and the two sides of the dock gate; and a tire fender is arranged between the mooring storage area and the immersed tube to avoid mutual collision of the immersed tube.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, immersed tube preparation:
prefabricating a plurality of sections of immersed tubes in the dry dock, and temporarily mooring the immersed tubes to prevent mutual collision;
s2, preparation before undocking:
filling water into the dry dock, simultaneously performing leakage detection and floating on the plurality of immersed tubes, and opening a dock gate to enable a dry dock chamber to be communicated with the open sea;
s3, first section of immersed tube with cable:
taking a sinking pipe positioned at the entrance of a dry dock chamber as a first section of sinking pipe, wherein two sides of the head end of the first section of sinking pipe are fixed with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction and left-right direction control on the head end of the first section of sinking pipe; two sides of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube are also fixed with cables of corresponding windlasses so as to realize the control of the left and right directions of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube;
s4, twisting the first section of immersed tube:
moving the first section of immersed tube to the tail end undocking through the cooperation of the winches in the step S3, and then replacing proper winches to continue moving the immersed tube to the mooring storage area according to the positions of the winches and the angles of the cables;
s5, mooring the first section of immersed tube in place:
after the first section of immersed tube is stranded and moved to the mooring storage area, sequentially mooring the head end and the tail end of the first section of immersed tube to mooring columns located on the periphery of the first section of immersed tube, releasing a winch mooring rope of the first section of immersed tube, and mooring the first section of immersed tube at a parking position;
s6, second section of immersed tube with cable:
fixing two sides of the head end of a second section of immersed tube with corresponding winch cables to realize traction and left-right direction control of the head end of the second section of immersed tube; two sides of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube are also fixed with cables of corresponding windlasses so as to realize the control and braking of the left and right directions of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube;
s7, moving the second section of immersed tube in a twisting mode, and mooring in place:
and (4) moving the second section of immersed tube to a temporary mooring position before the first section of immersed tube is undocked through the cooperation of the winches in the step (S6), timely replacing a proper winch according to the position of each winch and the angle of the cable, continuing moving the second section of immersed tube until the second section of immersed tube reaches a mooring storage area, sequentially mooring the head end and the tail end of the second section of immersed tube to the mooring posts around the second section of immersed tube, releasing the cable of the winch of the second section of immersed tube, and mooring the second section of immersed tube to the parking position.
And S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all the immersed tubes are stored in the mooring storage area.
2. The method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes according to claim 1, wherein the first immersed tube is stranded to a second outfitting area in step S4, and the steps are as follows:
s41, the first section of immersed tube is stranded to the head end and faces the dock gate, the left end and the right end of the middle of the first section of immersed tube are respectively moored with mooring bollards on a breakwater through high-strength cables, the left side and the right side of the head end and corresponding winches form a splayed ribbon cable form, and preparation for connection of ship pipes is made;
s42, connecting the left and right sides of one end of the first pipe section sinking ship close to the first section of sinking pipe with mooring bollards in the middle of the sinking pipe through high-strength cables, and carrying out traction and left-right direction control on the head end of the first pipe section sinking ship;
one end of the first pipe section sinking ship far away from the first section sinking pipe; the left side and the right side of the first pipe joint sinking ship are respectively connected with a winch to control the left direction and the right direction of the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
s43, the first pipe joint sinking ship twists and moves until the first pipe joint sinking ship sleeves the head end of the first sinking pipe, the cable of the first pipe joint sinking ship is connected to the head end and the tail end mooring posts of the first sinking pipe, and then the first pipe joint sinking ship twists and moves forwards continuously until the first pipe joint sinking ship sleeves the tail end of the first sinking pipe;
s44, repeating the steps S42-S43, and sleeving the second pipe section sinking ship into the head end of the first section sinking pipe to complete the ship pipe connection;
and S45, transferring the first pipe section sinking ship, the first pipe section sinking ship and the second pipe section sinking ship which are connected by the ship pipes in the step S44 to a secondary outfitting area for mooring and parking through various winches and multiple cable replacement in the middle process.
3. The method for undocking multiple immersed tubes simultaneously according to claim 2, wherein at least one docking chamber is arranged in the dry dock, and each docking chamber is designed according to the volume of the immersed tube and can be used for prefabricating at least two sections of immersed tubes so as to meet the requirement of prefabricating multiple immersed tubes simultaneously.
4. The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of winches, fairleads and mooring columns for adjusting the twisting of the immersed tubes are respectively arranged on the dock walls on the periphery of each dock chamber, a plurality of winches and mooring columns are respectively arranged on the breakwaters on the two sides of the mooring storage area, and different winch cables need to be replaced according to the change of the positions of the immersed tubes during the twisting process.
5. The method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes according to claim 4, wherein after prefabrication of the immersed tubes is completed, water can be poured into a single dock chamber, and leakage detection and floating of multiple immersed tube sections in the dock chamber are performed simultaneously.
6. The method for undocking multiple immersed tubes simultaneously according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the dry dock is irrigated to a water level to submerge the tops of the immersed tubes by 15-25cm, the tube joint is floated by removing ballast water in the multiple immersed tubes to reduce negative buoyancy, the irrigation is continued to be approximately flush with the external sea level, and then the dock gate is opened to enable the dry dock chamber to be communicated with the external sea.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein a winch cable on the breakwater is connected to the mooring post on the top of the immersed tube through a fairlead, and different winch cables are replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube to realize the winching control of the immersed tube until the immersed tube is winched to the immersed tube mooring storage area for mooring storage in steps S4-S8.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the docking of the plurality of sinkers is performed while maintaining a safe distance of at least 5m for the storage of the sinkers.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein tire fenders are placed on both sides of the dock gate; and a tire fender is arranged between two adjacent immersed tubes in the mooring storage area, so that the immersed tubes are prevented from colliding with each other.
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| CN117306598A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Method for floating immersed tube in dry dock |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117306598A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Method for floating immersed tube in dry dock |
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