CN114809089B - Method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously undocking multiple immersed tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114809089B CN114809089B CN202210450044.9A CN202210450044A CN114809089B CN 114809089 B CN114809089 B CN 114809089B CN 202210450044 A CN202210450044 A CN 202210450044A CN 114809089 B CN114809089 B CN 114809089B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/073—Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a sinking pipe; s2, preparing before undocking; s3, a first section of immersed tube is provided with a cable; s4, twisting and moving the first section of immersed tube; s5, mooring the first section of immersed tube in place; s6, a second section of immersed tube is provided with a cable; s7, twisting and moving the second section of immersed tube and mooring the second section of immersed tube in position; s8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all immersed tubes are stored in a mooring position in a mooring storage area; and meanwhile, leakage detection, floating and undocking are carried out on a plurality of immersed tubes, the control of the immersed tube undocking process is met by controlling angles of a winch, a mooring post and a cable guider, the continuous stranding and undocking of the immersed tubes are realized, the record of the maximum number of immersed tubes in single batch undocking of the immersed tube tunnel in the country is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the engineering cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes.
Background
At present, dry-dock method and factory method are adopted for pipe sinking prefabrication at home and abroad, and the undocking process after pipe sinking prefabrication is finished by adopting the dry-dock method and factory method, so that due to factors such as prefabrication methods, construction sites, environments, resources, engineering scheduling and the like, a single pipe is undocked, namely, a section of pipe sinking is prefabricated and finished, the pipe sinking is carried out by carrying out pouring or transporting hydraulic trolley on the dry dock, the construction efficiency is low, the requirement of pipe sinking installation progress cannot be met, the intermittent shutdown situation of' no pipe can be easily caused, the project construction period is prolonged, personnel, ship and materials are idle, the resource utilization rate is extremely low, the project cost is increased, and meanwhile, the economic benefit of the project is reduced, and the efficient continuous development of pipe sinking tunnel engineering is unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, which has high safety and greatly improves the construction efficiency.
The invention provides a method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a immersed tube:
prefabricating a plurality of sections of immersed tubes in a dry dock, and temporarily mooring the immersed tubes to prevent mutual collision;
s2, preparation before undocking:
the dry dock is irrigated, a plurality of immersed tubes are subjected to leakage detection and floating at the same time, and a dock gate is opened to enable a dock chamber of the dry dock to be communicated with the open sea;
s3, a first section of immersed tube is provided with a cable:
the immersed tube at the entrance of the dock chamber of the dry dock is used as a first immersed tube, and the two sides of the head end of the first immersed tube are fixed with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction and control of the left and right directions of the head end of the first immersed tube; the two sides of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube are also fixed with the mooring ropes of the corresponding windlass so as to realize the control of the left and right directions of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube;
s4, twisting and moving the first section of immersed tube:
the first section of immersed tube is twisted and moved to the tail end of the immersed tube to be undocked through the cooperation of each winch in the step S3, and then the proper winch is replaced in time according to the position of each winch and the angle of a mooring rope to continue twisting and moving until reaching a mooring storage area;
s5, mooring the first immersed tube in position:
after the first immersed tube is stranded to the mooring storage area, mooring the head end and the tail end of the first immersed tube to mooring posts positioned at the periphery of the first immersed tube in sequence, and releasing a winch cable of the first immersed tube, wherein the first immersed tube is moored and resided;
s6, a second section of immersed tube belt cable:
fixing two sides of the head end of the second section of immersed tube with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction of the head end of the second section of immersed tube and control of the left-right direction; the two sides of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube are also fixed with the mooring ropes of the corresponding windlass so as to realize control and braking in the left-right direction of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube;
s7, twisting and moving the second section of immersed tube, and mooring in place:
and (3) twisting and moving the second section of immersed tube to a temporary mooring position before the first section of immersed tube is undocked through the cooperation of each winch in the step (S6), then, according to the position of each winch and the angle of a mooring rope, replacing a proper winch at proper time to continuously twist and move the second section of immersed tube until reaching a mooring storage area, sequentially mooring the head end and the tail end of the second section of immersed tube to mooring columns positioned at the periphery of the second section of immersed tube, and releasing the winch and the mooring rope of the second section of immersed tube, wherein the second section of immersed tube is moored and parked.
S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all the immersed tubes are stored in the mooring storage area in a mooring position.
In the method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, the immersed tubes are subjected to leak detection, floating and undocking simultaneously, the control of angles in the immersed tube undocking process by a winch, a mooring post and a cable guider is realized, the control of the immersed tube undocking process is satisfied, the continuous stranding out of the immersed tube with multiple sections is realized, the record of the largest number of immersed tubes in single batch of the immersed tube tunnel in the current country is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the engineering cost is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the step S4 of the first section of the immersed tube may be stranded to the second outfitting area, and the specific steps are as follows:
s41, stranding the first immersed tube to a front end opposite dock gate, wherein the left end and the right end of the middle part of the first immersed tube are moored with mooring bollards on breakwater through high-strength cables respectively, the left side and the right side of the front end form a splayed belt cable form with corresponding windlass, and preparation for ship tube connection is achieved;
s42, connecting left and right sides of one end of the first pipe joint sinking ship close to the first pipe joint sinking pipe with a mooring post in the middle of the sinking pipe through a high-strength cable, and carrying out traction and left and right direction control on the head end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
one end of the first pipe section sinking ship far away from the first section sinking pipe; the left and right sides of the first pipe joint are respectively connected with a winch to control the left and right direction of the sinking ship tail end of the first pipe joint;
s43, the first pipe joint sinking ship is twisted and moved until being sleeved into the head end of the first pipe joint sinking ship, a cable of the first pipe joint sinking ship is connected to a mooring post at the head end and the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship, and then the first pipe joint sinking ship is twisted and moved forwards until being sleeved into the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
s44, repeating the steps S42-S43, sleeving the second pipe section sinking ship into the head end of the first pipe section sinking ship, and completing ship pipe connection;
s45, the first pipe section sinking ship and the second pipe section sinking ship which are connected through the ship pipe in the step S44 are twisted and moved to a mooring position of the secondary outfitting area through each winch and repeated cable replacement in the middle process.
In some embodiments of the present application, at least one dock chamber is provided in the dry dock, and each dock chamber is designed according to the amount of the immersed tube, so that at least two immersed tubes can be prefabricated, and the requirement that a plurality of immersed tubes are prefabricated at the same time is satisfied.
In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of winches, cable guides and mooring posts for adjusting the immersed tube winch are respectively arranged on the dock walls around each dock chamber, a plurality of winches and mooring posts are respectively arranged on breakwaters at two sides of the mooring storage area, and different winch cables are required to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube in the winch moving process, so as to realize winch moving control of the immersed tube, and ensure stable and controlled tube joint winch moving process.
In some embodiments of the present application, after prefabrication of the immersed tube is completed, a single dock chamber may be irrigated, and leak detection and floating may be performed on a plurality of immersed tube sections in the dock chamber at the same time.
In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, the dry dock is irrigated to a water level to submerge the top of the immersed tube by 15-25cm, the floating of the tube joint is completed by removing the ballast water in the plurality of immersed tubes to reduce the negative buoyancy, the irrigation is continued to be approximately flush with the open sea level, and then the dock gate is opened to communicate the dry dock docking chamber with the open sea.
In some embodiments of the present application, a hoist wire rope on a breakwater is connected to a mooring post on the top of a submerged pipe through a fairlead, and the length and angle of the wire rope are noted to ensure stable and controlled submerged pipe reeling process, and the reeling process is performed in steps S4-S8, where different hoist ropes need to be replaced according to the position change of the submerged pipe, so as to realize reeling control of the submerged pipe until the submerged pipe is reeled to a submerged pipe mooring storage area for mooring storage.
In some embodiments of the present application, the submerged mooring storage needs to be maintained at a safe distance of at least 5m, avoiding collisions between pipe sections.
In some embodiments of the present application, tire fenders are placed on two sides of the dock gate, so as to avoid collision between the immersed tube and two sides of the dock gate; and a tire fender is arranged between two adjacent immersed tubes in the mooring storage area, so that the immersed tubes are prevented from collision.
Based on the technical scheme, the method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes simultaneously performs leak detection, floating and undocking on the immersed tubes, and the control of angles in the process of undocking the immersed tubes by a winch, a mooring post and a cable guider is realized, so that the control of the immersed tube undocking process is satisfied, the continuous stranding out of the immersed tubes of multiple sections is realized, the most record of the number of single-batch undocking immersed tubes in a cross-sea immersed tube tunnel in the country is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the engineering cost is reduced;
through reasonable hoist engine, cable conductor and mooring post position design, ensure that each cable angle and length satisfy immersed tube control needs, realized the continuous hank of multisection immersed tube and moved out of dock, avoided the emergence of the safe shutdown situation of no pipe, reduced the idle rate of ship machine and material, the economic benefits of project that improves.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of dry docks, secondary outfitting areas and mooring storage areas in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of immersed tubes and winches, fairleads, mooring posts in a dry dock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic temporary mooring view of a caisson tube in a dock chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an E1 pipe joint with a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an E1 pipe joint according to an embodiment of the present invention when twisted by 200 m;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of cable replacement after the E1 pipe joint in FIG. 5 is twisted and shifted by 200 m;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the E1 pipe joint of FIG. 6 as it continues to twist for 55 m;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the E1 pipe joint in FIG. 7 after being twisted and shifted for 55 m;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the E1 pipe joint in FIG. 8 after being twisted and shifted to the south by 96m and to the east by 118 m;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the E1 pipe section mooring line of FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a jingan 3 belt to dock gate position;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the movement of jin' an No. 3 to the head end of the E1 pipe section;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the jin' an No. 3 lay moving to the tail end of the E1 pipe section;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the jin' an No. 2 twist moving to the head end of the E1 pipe section;
FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of E1 pipe sections being stranded to a secondary outfitting area moored station;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the construction of the second immersed tube E6 tube section with cables;
FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of the E6 pipe section after being adjusted to adjust the mooring line when it is twisted forward 30 m;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 17 after further forward twisting for 200 m;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 18 after being twisted by 200m for cable replacement;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 19 after further forward twisting for 100 m;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 20 twisted by 100m and then replaced;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 21 after cable replacement for 30 m;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 22 continuing to twist 122 m;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the E6 pipe joint of FIG. 23 after being twisted 122m for cable replacement;
FIG. 25 is a schematic illustration of the E6 pipe section of FIG. 24 continuing to be stranded into a moored storage position;
FIG. 26 is a schematic illustration of the mooring position of the E6 pipe section in the mooring storage area;
FIG. 27 is a third section of immersed tube E5 tube segment with cable;
FIG. 28 is a schematic illustration of a traversing of an E5 pipe section to an original E6 pipe section position;
FIG. 29 is a schematic illustration of a belt with E5 pipe joints in the original E6 pipe joint position;
fig. 30 is a schematic view of the E5 pipe section in a moored position in a moored storage section.
In the drawing the view of the figure,
10. the east dock chamber; 20. a dock chamber; 30. the first pipe joint is sunk in the ship; 40. the second pipe section is sunk into the ship.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", or a third "may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes in the embodiment is suitable for undocking prefabricated immersed tubes by a dry-dock method. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the dry dock is divided into a dock chamber 10 and a dock chamber 20, and further includes a secondary outfitting area and a mooring storage area, which are blocked from the open sea by a dock gate caisson. In this embodiment, three immersed tubes may be prefabricated in a single dock, and E1, E5, and E6 tube sections are prefabricated in the dock chamber 20, and E2, E3, and E4 tube sections are prefabricated in the dock chamber 10, where the E1 and E4 tube sections are located at the gate positions of the dock chamber 20 and the dock chamber 10, respectively. The winch, the cable guider and the mooring bollard are distributed around the dry dock for mooring and stranding of the immersed tube, the arrangement mode is shown in figure 2, wherein W represents the winch, H represents the cable guider and J represents the mooring bollard.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, 19 winches are combined, wherein W1, W2, W3, W4 winches are located on the dock wall of the dock, and the winches for the dock room 10 are moved out of the dock; the W10, W11, W12 and W13 windlass are positioned on the dock wall of the dock, and are used for stranding the immersed tube of the dock chamber 20 out of the dock; the winches W5, W6, W7, W8 and W9 are positioned on the middle barrier wall, and the immersed tube of the east and west docking chambers is taken into account for being twisted and moved out of the dock; the remaining winches W14, W15, W16, W17, W18 and W19 are positioned at the periphery of the east-west breakwater or harbor basin and are used for transversely moving the immersed tube to a storage area or a secondary outfitting area after the immersed tube is stranded out of the dry dock.
Taking a dock room as an example, the embodiment is a method for simultaneously docking three immersed tubes, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a immersed tube:
three immersed tubes are prefabricated in two dock chambers of things in a dry dock respectively, wherein E2, E3 and E4 tube joints are prefabricated in the dock chamber 10, E1, E5 and E6 tube joints are prefabricated in the dock chamber 20, the three immersed tubes in the dock chamber 10 are temporarily moored, and high-strength cables are used for temporarily mooring the three immersed tubes on mooring posts of dock walls and middle barrier walls, so that the tube joints are stable in the follow-up leak detection and floating processes, mutual collision is avoided, and cables are timely tightened according to the loosening degree of the cables after floating;
s2, preparation before undocking:
filling water into the dock chamber 20 of the dry dock, carrying out leakage detection and floating on the E1, E5 and E6 pipe joints at the same time, and then opening a dock gate to communicate the dry dock with the open sea;
s3, carrying a cable by the first immersed tube E1:
the sinking pipe E1 positioned at the entrance of the dock chamber of the dry dock is used as a first sinking pipe, and two sides of the head end of the E1 are fixed with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction of the head end of the E1 and control of the left and right directions; the two sides of the tail end of the E1 pipe section are also fixed with the mooring ropes of the corresponding windlass so as to realize the control of the tail end of the E1 in the left-right direction;
as shown in fig. 4, the winches W16 and W17 on the breakwater opposite to the dock chamber 20 are fixed by the cable guide and crossed with the two sides of the head end of the E1, so as to pull the head end of the E1 pipe joint; the W6 winch on the middle barrier wall and the W13 winch on the dock wall control the left and right direction of the head end of E1; the winch cable of the middle barrier wall W7 and the dock wall W12 is a left-right direction control cable at the tail end of E1; the tail end of the E1 is provided with a high-strength cable which is connected with the head end of an E6 pipe joint positioned right behind the E1 pipe joint and is used as a brake cable;
s4, twisting and moving the first section of immersed tube E1:
shifting E1 by 200m to its tail end undocking through the cooperation of each hoist in step S3, as shown in FIG. 5; then replacing the cable, releasing the W13 and W6 winch cables, and carrying the W14 winch cable to the mooring post at the tail end of the E1 immersed tube, as shown in FIG. 6; each winch cooperatively shifts E1 by 55m and then stays at a position, as shown in FIG. 7; the W4 and W19 winch cables are carried to the mooring posts at the head end and the tail end of the immersed tube, and the W7 winch cable is released, as shown in figure 8; the winches cooperate to move the sinking pipe to the south for 96m and to move to the east for 118m for parking, and the winch ropes of W12 and W17 are timely released according to the rope angle in the process, as shown in figure 9; the cable replacement is to replace proper windlass at proper time according to the position of each windlass and the angle of the cable so as to continue twisting;
after E1 pipe joint is twisted and moved to the position shown in FIG. 9, the pipe joint is twisted and moved to a secondary outfitting area for secondary outfitting, and the specific twisting and moving steps are as follows:
s41, the E1 pipe joint is twisted and moved to the position of FIG. 9, the front end of the E1 pipe joint is opposite to a dock gate, the axis of the E1 pipe joint is vertical to the dock gate, the ship pipe connection is facilitated, firstly, the left end and the right end of the middle part of the E1 pipe joint are moored with mooring posts on breakwater at two sides respectively through high-strength cables, the left side of the E1 head end is connected with a W16 belt cable on a western breakwater, the right side of the E1 head end is connected with a W19 belt cable on the eastern breakwater, the left side and the right side of the head end are changed from a cross belt cable into a splayed belt cable form, and the preparation of ship pipe connection is made, as shown in FIG. 10;
s42, in the embodiment, the first pipe joint sinking ship 30 is a Jinping No. 3, as shown in FIG. 11, the Jinping No. 3 is close to one end of the E1 pipe joint, and the left and right sides of the Jinping No. 3 are connected with mooring posts on the left and right sides of the middle part of the E1 through high-strength cables to carry out traction and left and right direction control on the head end of the Jinping No. 3;
the left side and the right side of one end of the Jinping No. 3 far away from E1 are respectively connected with a winch to control the left direction and the right direction of the sinking ship tail end of the first pipe joint;
s43, twisting and moving the Jinping No. 3 in a direction close to the E1 until the cable is sleeved on the head end of the E1 pipe joint, wherein as shown in FIG. 12, the W19 and W16 winch cables need to be loosened and tensioned timely before and after the Jinping No. 3 is sleeved on the head end of the E1 pipe joint, so that the continuous twisting and moving of the Jinping No. 3 is avoided, and after the cable of the Jinping No. 3 is connected to the head end and the tail end mooring post of the E1 pipe joint, the cable is continuously twisted forwards until the Jinping No. 3 is sleeved on the tail end of the E1 pipe joint, as shown in FIG. 13;
s44, repeating the steps S42-S43, sleeving a second pipe joint sinking ship into the head end of the first pipe joint sinking ship, and completing ship pipe connection, wherein the second pipe joint sinking ship 40 is a Jinping No. 2 ship, as shown in fig. 14:
s45, twisting and moving the E1 pipe joint, the Jinping No. 3 and the Jinping No. 2 which are connected with the ship pipe in the step S44 to a mooring station of a secondary outfitting area through each winch and cable replacement in the middle process, wherein the mooring station is shown in fig. 15;
s5, mooring the first immersed tube in position:
e1 is stranded and moved to a secondary outfitting area, the head end and the tail end of an E1 pipe joint are moored to mooring posts positioned at the periphery of the E1 pipe joint, and Jinping No. 3 and Jinping No. 2 are moored to the mooring posts at the periphery of the E1 pipe joint, and winch ropes of the E1 pipe joint are released, so that E1 moorings to stay;
s6, carrying a cable by a second section of immersed tube E6:
taking the E6 pipe joint as a second immersed pipe for undocking, taking a mooring post from a W5 winch cable to the head end of the E6 pipe joint as a traction cable, taking a mooring post from a W7 winch cable to the head end of the E6 pipe joint as a left-right direction control cable, and taking a mooring post from a W9 winch cable to the tail end of the E6 pipe joint as a left-right direction control and braking cable, as shown in FIG. 16;
s7, twisting and moving a second section of immersed tube E6, and mooring in place:
releasing the E6 pipe joint mooring rope, twisting the E6 forwards for 30m residence, and adjusting the E5 pipe joint mooring rope to avoid influencing the winch rope at the tail end of the E6 immersed pipe, as shown in FIG. 17; the winches cooperatively move the immersed tube to a 200m residence position to reach the position of the original E1 pipe joint, as shown in figure 18; connecting the W7 and W12 winch cables to the E6 tail end mooring post, and connecting the W16 and W17 winch cables to the E6 head end mooring post, as shown in FIG. 19; the winches cooperate to twist the immersed tube by 100m, so as to release the winch ropes of W9 and W11, as shown in figure 20; the winches cooperate to continuously twist E6 forwards for 100m, and the winch ropes W13 and W6 are connected to the mooring post at the tail end of E6, as shown in figure 21; the winches cooperate to continuously twist E6 forwards for 30m, and the winch ropes of W12 and W7 are released, as shown in FIG. 22; the winches cooperate to twist the immersed tube by 122m to stay, as shown in figure 23; the winch ropes W4, W18, W14 and W15 are belted to the mooring posts at the head end and the tail end of the immersed tube, as shown in figure 24; the winches cooperate to winch the immersed tube 136m to the E6 pipe joint mooring storage position, as shown in FIG. 25; mooring the E6 pipe joint head and tail end mooring bollards to the peripheral mooring bollards in sequence, and releasing the winch ropes, wherein E6 is at the mooring position as shown in fig. 26.
The third section of immersed tube E5 is stranded, moved and moored in place, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the mooring ropes of the winches W10, W11, W12, W7 and W8 are belted to mooring posts at the head end and the tail end of the immersed tube, as shown in figure 27; releasing the Western mooring ropes of the E5 pipe joints, and enabling all winches to transversely move the E5 pipe joints by 60m to the original E6 pipe joint positions in a coordinated mode, wherein the position is shown in FIG. 28; repeating the twisting and mooring in-place process of the E6 pipe joint, carrying out the same twisting and mooring exchanging process of the E5 pipe joint, and twisting and moving the E5 pipe joint to a mooring storage area for mooring storage. As shown in fig. 29-30;
s8, repeating the steps, and sequentially twisting and moving the E4, E3 and E2 pipe joints in the dock room to a mooring storage area for mooring and parking, wherein different winch cables are replaced according to the position change of the immersed pipe in the twisting and moving process, so that twisting and moving control of the immersed pipe is realized.
After the undocking work of the 3 sections of immersed tubes of the single dock chamber is sequentially completed, the dock gate caisson is operated reversely, after the dock gate is closed, the seawater in the dry dock is discharged through the dry dock drainage pump system, and the prefabrication work of immersed tubes in the next batch is carried out.
In the method for simultaneously undocking the immersed tubes, leak detection, floating and undocking are carried out on 3 immersed tubes, the control of angles in the process of undocking the immersed tubes by a winch, a mooring post and a cable guider is realized, the control of the immersed tube undocking process is satisfied, the number of prefabricated tube sections of a single dock chamber is comprehensively considered according to the actual sea area condition and the immersed tube body quantity, the sequential stranding out of the immersed tubes with multiple sections can be realized, the record of the most number of single-batch undocking immersed tubes in the current cross-sea immersed tube tunnel in China is created, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the engineering cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1-2, two dock chambers are arranged in the dry dock, each dock chamber is designed according to the amount of immersed tubes, three immersed tubes can be prefabricated, and the requirement that a plurality of immersed tubes are prefabricated at the same time is met. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of winches, cable guides and mooring posts for adjusting the immersed tube are respectively arranged on the dock walls around each dock chamber, a plurality of winches and mooring posts are respectively arranged on breakwaters at two sides of the mooring storage area, and different winch cables are required to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube in the process of winching so as to realize winching control of the immersed tube and ensure stable control of the process of winching the tube sections.
In step S1, after the immersed tube prefabrication is completed, a single dock chamber can be irrigated, and a plurality of immersed tubes in the dock chamber are subjected to leakage detection and floating at the same time. In the step S2, the dry dock is irrigated to the water level to submerge the pipe top of the immersed pipe for 20cm, the negative buoyancy is reduced by removing the ballast water in the multiple sections of immersed pipes to finish floating of the pipe joint, the dry dock is irrigated to be approximately flush with the open sea level, and then the dock gate is opened to enable the dry dock chamber to be communicated with the open sea.
The winch steel wire rope positioned on the breakwater is connected with a mooring post at the top of the immersed tube through a cable guider, the length and the angle of the steel wire rope are required to be paid attention to, the stable and controlled immersed tube twisting and moving process is ensured, and different winch cables are required to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube in the twisting and moving process, so that twisting and moving control of the immersed tube is realized, and the immersed tube is moored and stored until the immersed tube is twisted and moved to a immersed tube moored and stored area.
Because the size of the dock gate is limited, the head and tail axes of the pipe joints are strictly controlled when the immersed tube is twisted and moved through the dock gate, so that collision is avoided; observing the angle and the length of the winch cable at any time, and replacing the winch cable in time to ensure that the stranding process of the immersed tube is stable and controlled; the immersed tube is moored and stored at least at a safe distance of 5m, so that collision among tube joints is avoided; the tire fenders are arranged on the two sides of the dock gate, so that the immersed tube is prevented from colliding with the two sides of the dock gate; and a tire fender is arranged between the tire fender and the immersed tube of the mooring storage area, so that the immersed tube is prevented from collision.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a immersed tube:
prefabricating a plurality of sections of immersed tubes in a dry dock, and temporarily mooring the immersed tubes to prevent mutual collision;
s2, preparation before undocking:
the dry dock is irrigated, a plurality of immersed tubes are subjected to leakage detection and floating at the same time, and a dock gate is opened to enable a dock chamber of the dry dock to be communicated with the open sea;
s3, a first section of immersed tube is provided with a cable:
the immersed tube at the entrance of the dock chamber of the dry dock is used as a first immersed tube, and the two sides of the head end of the first immersed tube are fixed with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction and control of the left and right directions of the head end of the first immersed tube; the two sides of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube are also fixed with the mooring ropes of the corresponding windlass so as to realize the control of the left and right directions of the tail end of the first section of immersed tube;
s4, twisting and moving the first section of immersed tube:
the first section of immersed tube is twisted and moved to the tail end of the immersed tube to be undocked through the cooperation of each winch in the step S3, and then the proper winch is replaced in time according to the position of each winch and the angle of a mooring rope to continue twisting and moving until reaching a mooring storage area;
s5, mooring the first immersed tube in position:
after the first immersed tube is stranded to the mooring storage area, mooring the head end and the tail end of the first immersed tube to mooring posts positioned at the periphery of the first immersed tube in sequence, and releasing a winch cable of the first immersed tube, wherein the first immersed tube is moored and resided;
s6, a second section of immersed tube belt cable:
fixing two sides of the head end of the second section of immersed tube with corresponding winch cables so as to realize traction of the head end of the second section of immersed tube and control of the left-right direction; the two sides of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube are also fixed with the mooring ropes of the corresponding windlass so as to realize control and braking in the left-right direction of the tail end of the second section of immersed tube;
s7, twisting and moving the second section of immersed tube, and mooring in place:
the second section of immersed tube is twisted and moved to a temporary mooring position before the first section of immersed tube is undocked through the cooperation of each winch in the step S6, then a proper winch is replaced in time according to the position of each winch and the angle of a mooring rope, the second section of immersed tube is continuously twisted and moved until reaching a mooring storage area, the head end and the tail end of the second section of immersed tube are sequentially moored to mooring columns positioned at the periphery of the second section of immersed tube, the winch ropes of the second section of immersed tube are removed, and the second section of immersed tube is moored and resided;
s8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until all immersed tubes are stored in a mooring position in a mooring storage area;
at least one dock chamber is arranged in the dry dock, each dock chamber is designed according to the amount of the immersed tube body, at least two immersed tubes can be prefabricated, and the requirement of simultaneous prefabrication of a plurality of immersed tubes is met;
the four sides of each dock chamber are respectively provided with a plurality of winches, cable guides and mooring columns for adjusting the immersed tube winch, and the two sides of the mooring storage area are respectively provided with a plurality of winches and mooring columns, so that different winch cables need to be replaced according to the position change of the immersed tube in the winch moving process;
after the immersed tube prefabrication is completed, a single dock chamber can be irrigated, and a plurality of immersed tubes in the dock chamber are subjected to leak detection and floating at the same time;
and S4-S8, replacing different winch ropes according to the position change of the immersed tube so as to realize the winch movement control of the immersed tube until the immersed tube is winch moved to a submerged tube mooring storage area for mooring storage.
2. The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is performed by twisting the first immersed tube to a secondary outfitting area, and the specific steps are as follows:
s41, stranding the first immersed tube to a front end opposite dock gate, wherein the left end and the right end of the middle part of the first immersed tube are moored with mooring bollards on breakwater through high-strength cables respectively, the left side and the right side of the front end form a splayed belt cable form with corresponding windlass, and preparation for ship tube connection is achieved;
s42, connecting left and right sides of one end of the first pipe joint sinking ship close to the first pipe joint sinking pipe with a mooring post in the middle of the sinking pipe through a high-strength cable, and carrying out traction and left and right direction control on the head end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
one end of the first pipe section sinking ship far away from the first section sinking pipe; the left and right sides of the first pipe joint are respectively connected with a winch to control the left and right direction of the sinking ship tail end of the first pipe joint;
s43, the first pipe joint sinking ship is twisted and moved until being sleeved into the head end of the first pipe joint sinking ship, a cable of the first pipe joint sinking ship is connected to a mooring post at the head end and the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship, and then the first pipe joint sinking ship is twisted and moved forwards until being sleeved into the tail end of the first pipe joint sinking ship;
s44, repeating the steps S42-S43, sleeving the second pipe section sinking ship into the head end of the first pipe section sinking ship, and completing ship pipe connection;
s45, the first pipe section sinking ship and the second pipe section sinking ship which are connected through the ship pipe in the step S44 are twisted and moved to a mooring position of the secondary outfitting area through each winch and repeated cable replacement in the middle process.
3. The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the dry dock is irrigated to a water level to submerge the tube tops of the immersed tubes by 15-25cm, the floating of the tube joints is completed by removing ballast water in a plurality of sections of immersed tubes to reduce negative buoyancy, the irrigation is continued to be approximately flush with the open sea level, and then a dock gate is opened to communicate the dry dock chamber with the open sea.
4. A method of simultaneous de-docking of a plurality of immersed tubes according to claim 1, wherein the immersed tube is moored for storage at a safe distance of at least 5 m.
5. The method for simultaneously undocking a plurality of immersed tubes as in claim 4, wherein the docking gate is provided with tire fenders on both sides; and a tire fender is arranged between two adjacent immersed tubes in the mooring storage area, so that the immersed tubes are prevented from collision.
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| CN117306598B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-02-13 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Method for floating immersed tube in dry dock |
| CN118912270B (en) * | 2024-09-30 | 2025-01-28 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Inland river immersed tube cross-river transport system and short-distance transport method |
| CN118895793B (en) * | 2024-09-30 | 2025-02-07 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Synchronous leak detection method for multiple sections of large-section inland river immersed tube in small dry dock |
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