CN114804962B - Novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114804962B CN114804962B CN202210359830.8A CN202210359830A CN114804962B CN 114804962 B CN114804962 B CN 114804962B CN 202210359830 A CN202210359830 A CN 202210359830A CN 114804962 B CN114804962 B CN 114804962B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel compound fertilizer anti-caking agent and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the compound fertilizer anti-caking agent is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of straw powder, 30-80 parts of modified attapulgite, 10-30 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 2-8 parts of surfactant: wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 300-500 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 500-800 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 800-1000 meshes. The novel anti-caking agent for the compound fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared by taking straw powder as a main raw material, adding modified attapulgite, adding a small amount of hydrophobic white carbon black and a surfactant, and has the advantages of less caking of the compound fertilizer within 60 days and good anti-caking effect; and the anti-caking property is good within the temperature range of 15-55 ℃, and the high temperature resistance is relatively good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-caking agent preparation, and particularly relates to a novel anti-caking agent for a compound fertilizer, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and fertilizers used in agricultural production activities are various in types and large in amount. Compound fertilizers generally refer to products containing two or more of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide, and the moisture absorption, dissolution, and caking properties of compound fertilizers are more troublesome in actual production and storage processes than those of a single fertilizer because the critical relative humidity of a compound fertilizer is less than that of any one of its components; and the existence of substances such as urea, ammonium nitrate and the like in the compound fertilizer causes high solubility of fertilizer salt, and further causes the compound fertilizer to be more easily agglomerated compared with a single fertilizer.
In the prior art, the fertilizer anti-caking agent can be divided into inert powder, inorganic salt, hydrophobic substances, surfactant, compound agent and the like according to raw material. Whatever the anticaking agent, it should have the following characteristics: stable performance, no influence on the quality of the fertilizer, easy use, controllable cost and the like. Patent document CN106380321A describes an anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer, which is composed of vegetable oil, stearic acid, surfactant, benzoyl peroxide, etc., and is mainly a hydrophobic substance, and the anti-caking performance at high temperature is significantly insufficient; patent document CN105801244A discloses an anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer comprising surfactant, fatty acid, and waste oil, and the use temperature is 14 to 36 ℃; patent document CN105294313A provides an anti-caking agent using low grade talc as a main raw material, and the anti-caking time is 50 days. Therefore, in the prior art, the anti-caking agent for the compound fertilizer has the defects of poor anti-caking effect at high temperature or short overall anti-caking time effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein straw powder is used as a main raw material, a compact inert layer can be formed by adding hydrophobic white carbon black with a specific particle size and modified attapulgite, the raw material is easy to obtain, the preparation process is convenient, the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer is good, the aging is long, and the anti-caking performance at high temperature (15-55 ℃) is good.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of straw powder, 30-80 parts of modified attapulgite, 10-30 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 2-8 parts of surfactant:
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 300-500 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 500-800 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 800-1000 meshes.
The invention further adopts a preferable technical scheme that the composition is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 160-180 parts of straw powder, 40-60 parts of modified attapulgite, 15-25 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 3-7 parts of surfactant.
The invention further adopts a preferable technical scheme that the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 165-175 parts of straw powder, 45-55 parts of modified attapulgite, 15-25 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 3-7 parts of surfactant.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the straw powder is selected from one or more of soybean, peanut, wheat, rape and cotton.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 100: 3-8, weighing the attapulgite and the sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, and calcining at 800-850 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain the catalyst.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant is one or two selected from a silane coupling agent and stearic acid.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silane coupling agent is KH-550.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-caking agent for the compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
Meanwhile, the invention also claims the application of the anti-caking agent in the anti-caking of the compound fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The novel anti-caking agent for the compound fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared by taking straw powder as a main raw material, adding modified attapulgite, adding a small amount of hydrophobic white carbon black and a surfactant, and has the advantages of less caking of the compound fertilizer within 60 days and good anti-caking effect; and the anti-caking property is good within the temperature range of 15-55 ℃, and the high temperature resistance is relatively good.
(2) The novel anti-caking agent for the compound fertilizer is different from the clay mineral which is directly applied in the past, and the attapulgite used in the invention is modified by high-temperature melting, so that the inherent layered structure of the attapulgite is destroyed, and the structure of the attapulgite is biased to be nondeterministic; on the other hand, the specific surface area of the attapulgite is further improved by the alkaline high-temperature melting treatment, and the subsequent composite use is facilitated.
(3) In the novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers, the used surfactant can be well adsorbed on the surfaces of compound fertilizer particles, so that the hydrophobicity of the fertilizer is improved; the straw powder contains substances such as fibers and sugar, and the like, wherein the hydroxyl and other groups can be well compatible with the surfactant to form a hydrophobic inert layer main body; the hydrophobic white carbon black can further improve the hydrophobicity of the system; after the modified attapulgite is modified, the water insolubility and the hydrophobic property of the modified attapulgite are retained, and the effect of improving the hydrophobicity of a system is also achieved.
(4) In the novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer provided by the invention, the mesh numbers of the straw powder, the modified attapulgite and the hydrophobic white carbon black are sequentially increased, and the novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer has the advantages that: straw powder with large amount and large particle size forms a main inert layer, modified attapulgite with large surface area can fully bond hydrophobic white carbon black with small particle size under the action of a surfactant when fully filling layered pores of the straw powder to further compact the inert layer, so that the inert layer becomes more compact, and the substances with three specific particle sizes act synergistically to improve the hydrophobic effect jointly and greatly improve the anti-caking property of the compound fertilizer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly illustrated, the present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the following examples.
Unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials used in the present invention are purchased from the market.
Example 1
A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 165g of straw powder, 45g of modified attapulgite, 18g of hydrophobic white carbon black and 4g of surfactant;
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 400 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 600 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 800 meshes.
As a further optimization in the technical scheme of this embodiment, the straw powder is cotton straw, and the straw can be used after being dried and crushed to a corresponding mesh number, and the above treatments are all the prior art, and the treatment process thereof is not specifically described in this embodiment.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the preparation of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 100: and 4, weighing the attapulgite and the sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, and calcining at 820 ℃ for 2h to obtain the catalyst.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the surfactant is composed of the silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in a mass ratio of 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer anti-caking agent, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
Example 2
A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 170g of straw powder, 50g of modified attapulgite, 20g of hydrophobic white carbon black and 5g of surfactant;
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 500 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 700 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 900 meshes.
As a further optimization in the technical scheme of this embodiment, the straw powder is peanut straw, and the straw can be used after being dried and crushed to a corresponding mesh number, and the above treatments are all the prior art, and the treatment process thereof is not specifically described in this embodiment.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the preparation of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 100:5 weighing attapulgite and sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, and calcining at 830 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the product.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the surfactant is composed of the silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in a mass ratio of 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer anti-caking agent, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
Example 3
A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 175g of straw powder, 55g of modified attapulgite, 22g of hydrophobic white carbon black and 6g of surfactant;
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 500 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 800 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 1000 meshes.
As a further preference in the technical scheme of this embodiment, the straw powder is soybean straw, and the straw can be used after being dried and crushed to a corresponding mesh number, and the above treatments are all prior art, and no specific description is made on the treatment process in this embodiment.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the preparation of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 100:6 weighing attapulgite and sodium hydroxide, mixing uniformly, and calcining at 840 ℃ for 1h to obtain the product.
As a further preference in the technical solution of this embodiment, the surfactant is composed of the silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in a mass ratio of 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer anti-caking agent, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
Comparative example 1
A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 165g of straw powder, 45g of attapulgite, 18g of hydrophobic white carbon black and 4g of surfactant;
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 400 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 600 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 800 meshes.
As a further preference in the technical scheme of the comparative example, the straw powder is cotton straw, the straw can be used after being dried and crushed to a corresponding mesh number, the above treatments are all the prior art, and the treatment process is not specifically described in the comparative example.
As further optimization in the technical scheme of the comparative example, the surfactant consists of the silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in the mass ratio of 1.
The comparative example also provides a preparation method of the anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
Comparative example 2
A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 165g of straw powder, 45g of modified attapulgite, 18g of hydrophobic white carbon black and 4g of surfactant;
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 600 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 600 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 600 meshes.
As a further preference in the technical scheme of the comparative example, the straw powder is cotton straw, the straw can be used after being dried and crushed to a corresponding mesh number, the above treatments are all the prior art, and the treatment process is not specifically described in the comparative example.
As a further preference in the technical scheme of the present comparative example, the preparation of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of: according to the mass ratio of 100: and 4, weighing the attapulgite and the sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, and calcining at 820 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the catalyst.
As further optimization in the technical scheme of the comparative example, the surfactant comprises the silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in the mass ratio of 1.
The comparative example also provides a preparation method of the anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers, which comprises the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
The anti-caking agents prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are used for testing the anti-caking performance of the compound fertilizer, and the specific test method comprises the following steps:
dusting the anti-caking agent on the compound fertilizer by using a dusting machine, wherein the coating amount of dusting powder is 4kg of the anti-caking agent per ton of the compound fertilizer; wherein the compound fertilizer is potassium sulfate type (N: P) 2 O 5 ：K 2 O＝15：15：15)。Placing the prepared compound fertilizer containing the anti-caking agent for 2h under the conditions of 60 ℃ and 95% humidity, then placing the compound fertilizer in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 2h, vibrating and screening the dried compound fertilizer on a vibrating and screening machine for 15min (the testing conditions such as vibrating and screening frequency and the like among testing groups are the same), obtaining screen residue, and calculating to obtain the screen residue.
Caking rate J 1 (％)＝m 1 /m 0 *100；
Wherein m is 1 Is the weight of the residue on sieve, m 0 Is the original weight for the compound fertilizer test.
Meanwhile, the compound fertilizer containing the anti-caking agent is stored for 60 days in a closed way at the temperature of 55 ℃ (the humidity is the same as the natural environment without special treatment), the caking materials are weighed, the caking rate is calculated and is marked as J 2 。
The specific test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers has good anti-caking effect and can be stably stored for more than 60 days at the temperature of 55 ℃.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention by this means. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers is characterized by being prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 150 to 200 parts of straw powder, 30 to 80 parts of modified attapulgite, 10 to 30 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 2 to 8 parts of surfactant:
wherein the mesh number of the straw powder is 400 meshes; the mesh number of the modified attapulgite is 600 meshes; the mesh number of the hydrophobic white carbon black is 800 meshes;
wherein the surfactant consists of a silane coupling agent KH-550 and stearic acid in a mass ratio of 1;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 100: weighing the attapulgite and the sodium hydroxide from 3 to 8, uniformly mixing, and calcining at 800 to 850 ℃ for 1 to 2h to obtain the composite material;
the straw powder is selected from one or more of soybean, peanut and cotton.
2. The novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 160 to 180 parts of straw powder, 40 to 60 parts of modified attapulgite, 15 to 25 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 3 to 7 parts of surfactant.
3. The novel anti-caking agent for compound fertilizers as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following substances in parts by weight: 165-175 parts of straw powder, 45-55 parts of modified attapulgite, 15-25 parts of hydrophobic white carbon black and 3-7 parts of surfactant.
4. A preparation method of the compound fertilizer anti-caking agent described in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: respectively weighing straw powder, modified attapulgite and hydrophobic white carbon black, and then respectively grinding; and after grinding is finished, adding the materials into a surfactant, and uniformly mixing again to obtain the water-based paint.
5. Use of the anti-caking agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in anti-caking of compound fertilizers.
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| CN104291917A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Bentonite-based granular composite fertilizer anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104014299A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-03 | 武汉科技大学 | Particulate attapulgite adsorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105565991A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 广西大学 | Anti-blocking agent for fertilizer |
| CN108530160A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-14 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer anti-caking agents and preparation method and application |
| CN108424225B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2021-11-26 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Anti-caking agent for nitro fertilizer, preparation method and application |
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