CN114800038B - Tool detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tool detector, which is mainly composed of a right-angle triangle and an automatic controller; the right-angle triangle uses a light source to emit a main light beam which is then incident on a plane mirror, and the plane mirror generates a reflected light beam which is incident on a quadrant sensor to generate a light receiving area; the automatic controller is used for tool length and tool diameter measurement, and the control device first establishes a standard value with the standard rod, and then drives an unprocessed tool to establish an initial value again, and at the same time, drives a processed tool to establish a measurement value, and the automatic controller performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measurement value to obtain a difference between a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the processed tool, so as to measure the tool length and tool diameter of the processed tool, and to measure and compensate the three-dimensional thermal variables of the rotary axis and three linear axes.

Description

Tool detector

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of tool detectors, and in particular to a tool detector which can provide the main light and the reflected light with uniformity and stability in the measurement space and the complex vector space, and is easy to adjust and calibrate.

Background technique

Existing optical measuring devices and methods for measuring the position of an object on a machine, such as the Chinese patent case CN1202403C, have the following main structural features: a light source for generating a light beam; a detector for receiving the light beam and generating a signal when the light beam is blocked; wherein the detector is used to: generate a detection signal when the light beam emitted from the light source and incident on the detector is blocked; provide a first time interval when generating a first detection signal; provide a second time interval, wherein the second time interval is less than the first time interval and appears at the end of the first time interval; and if another detection signal appears in the detector within the second time interval, send an output signal.

Related prior art about tool detectors, such as announcements CN101751001A, CN102029554A, CN102672534A, CN104191310A, CN104907889A, CN109202535A, CN110666590A, CN111001829A, CN205799098U, DE102007006306A1, EP2340914A1, EP2340914A1, JP2010162686A, JP2011143488A, JPH0550362A, JPH05162049A, JPH05245743A, JPS629420 9A, TW534976B, TW200810872A, TW201002469A, TW201028242A, TW201416165A, TW201531391A, TW201831262, TWI283616, TWI291395, TWI387507, TWI473681, TWI476066, TWI548500, TWM515928, US6496273B1, US2008069434A1, WO0138822A1. The system architecture of the present invention is simple, and the tool can be measured while rotating and the wear and damage of the tool can be accurately detected, which is quite practical.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a tool detector which is more functional, more reproducible, smaller, more efficient, more accurate, stable and scalable than conventional tool measuring devices.

An object of the present invention is to provide a tool detector which reduces maintenance, power usage and machining platform area.

The tool detector that can achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention includes:

A right angle triangle is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, a light source is provided at the first angle position to emit a main light beam which is incident on a plane mirror provided at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflected light beam which is incident on a coordinate origin of a symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position to generate a light receiving area, the quadrant sensor is arranged by a diagonal method, that is, the coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated by an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin and is provided at the third angle position;

An automatic controller includes a storage type common variable and a calibration device. First, the control device drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on the quadrant sensor, and defines a reference coordinate by projecting the shadow area in a measurement space of the main light in multi-dimensional directions, and defines a position coordinate by projecting the shadow area in a complex vector space of the reflection line in multi-dimensional directions. At the same time, the automatic controller projects the reference coordinate and the position coordinate orthogonally onto the hypotenuse of the right triangle to form a three-dimensional coordinate with an intersection zero point. Thereafter, the control device repeatedly drives the standard rod to the reference coordinate and the position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates, and uses the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates as a measurement of a thermal variable of the CNC machine tool.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a top perspective schematic diagram of a tool detector of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the tool detector.

3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the quadrant sensor.

FIG4 is a system flow chart of the tool detector.

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the standard rod.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the unprocessed tool.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the transmission of optical signals between the quadrant sensor and the storage-type common variable.

FIG8 is a process flow chart of the automatic controller.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the X-axis reference point of the principal ray.

11 to 13 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the principal ray.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the principal ray.

FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line.

18 to 20 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the X-axis reference point of the reflection line.

FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line.

FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the reference point or the intersection zero point of the thermal variable.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of a standard value for the standard rod.

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of an initial value of the unprocessed tool.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the standard rod being triggered by vertical displacement to set the standard radial amount.

FIG. 28 and FIG. 29 are schematic diagrams showing the standard rod being triggered by circular motion to set the standard axial amount.

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the vertical displacement triggering of the unprocessed tool to set the origin coordinates, working coordinates and tool radial amount.

FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 are schematic diagrams showing the circular motion triggering of the unprocessed tool to set the tool axial amount.

33 to 36 are schematic diagrams showing the establishment of a measurement value of the machining tool.

FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram of a direct measurement function for measuring thermal variables.

FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a trigger function for measuring thermal variables.

39 to 41 are schematic diagrams of the quadrant sensor after the rotation axis and column inclination angle measurement is measured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 Right triangle

11 First angular position

12 Second angular position

13 Third corner position

14 Stereo Coordinates

15 Current conversion voltage circuit

16 Low pass filter

17 Reverse Amplifier

2 Light Source

21 Main Ray

22 Measurement Space

23 Reference coordinates

3. Plane mirror

31 Reflection Line

32 Complex vector space

33 Location coordinates

4-quadrant sensor

41 Coordinate origin

42 Light receiving area

43-point angle line

44 Photoelectric Sensor

5 Automatic controller

51 Saved public variables

52 calibration device

53Analog-to-digital converter

54 Power Circuit

6 Standard rods

61 Shaded area

62 standard axis vectors

63 standard radial quantity

64 Baseline

65 Center Point

7 Unprocessed tools

71 Effective cross-sectional area

72 Tool axis vector

73 Tool Radial Quantity

74 origin coordinates

75 working coordinates

8 CNC machine tools

81 Control device

9 Processing tools

91 Effective Area

92 Wear axis vector

93 Radial wear

94 axial differential

95 radial differential

Detailed ways

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 8 , at least one tool detector provided by the present invention is arranged at any position on a bed of a numerical control machine tool 8 having at least one rotary axis, three linear axes and a control device 81, or at a diagonal point position on the bed, or at a diagonal matrix position on the bed, and mainly comprises: a right triangle seat 1 and an automatic controller 5;

The right-angled triangle 1 is provided with a first angular position 11, a second angular position 12 and a third angular position 13. The first angular position 11 is provided with a light source 2 to emit a chief ray 21 which is incident on a plane mirror 3 provided on the second angular position 12. The plane mirror 3 generates a reflection line 31 which is incident on a quadrant detector 4 on the third angular position 13. The quadrant detector 4 uses a diagonal method to generate a light receiving area 42. The method is to arrange the coordinate axis or the angle dividing line 43 of the quadrant sensor 4 counterclockwise (or clockwise) at an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin 41 and set it at the third angle position 13; wherein the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of one, two, or four photoelectric sensors 44 (photoelectric sensor) with the same area and the same photoelectric properties. wherein the plane mirror 3 is a beam splitter or a reflecting mirror. wherein the reflected line 31 can also be a broken ray or a refracted ray.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the quadrant sensor 4 of the right triangle 1 is a common anode circuit, which needs to include a current-to-voltage conversion circuit 15 to convert the current signal of the light-receiving area 42 into a voltage signal, and increase the capacitance in the circuit to achieve a low-pass filter 16 and a reversing amplifier 17. The low-pass filter 16 can control the rapid change and stabilization of the voltage signal, and amplify the output voltage signal and input it to an analog-to-digital converter 53 of the automatic controller 5. A power circuit 54 supplies power to the automatic controller 5, so that the automatic controller 5 automatically executes the input program of the analog-to-digital converter 53 to perform the calculation of the required measurement function.

The automatic controller 5 includes a conserved common variable 51 and a correcting unit 52. First, the control device 81 drives the standard rod 6 to form a shading area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4, and uses the shading area 61 to project on the principal ray 21 of the measurement space 22 of the principal ray 21 in a multidimensional direction to define a reference coordinate 23. The shading area 61 is projected on the reflection line 31 of the complex vector space 32 of the reflection line 31 in a multidimensional direction to define a position coordinate 33. At the same time, the automatic controller 5 orthogonally projects the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 on the hypotenuse of the right triangle 1 to form a three-dimensional coordinate 14 with a crossing zero point. Then, the control device 81 performs a time interval. interval) repeatedly drives the standard rod 6 to the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14 are used as the values of a thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 for multiple measurements;

Next, the automatic controller 5 uses a center point 65 of a datum line 64 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in a multi-dimensional direction with the standard rod 6 and forms the shadow area 61 by projection. A standard axis vector 62 and a standard radial amount 63 are respectively established at the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 and input into the automatic controller 5 to establish a calibration curve. The standard axis vector 62, the standard radial amount 63 and the calibration curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a standard value for subsequent measurement and comparison. Thereafter, the control device 81 drives an unfinished tool 7 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 for measurement, and an effective cross-sectional area 71 is used as the effective cross-sectional area 72. The reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 are respectively used to establish a tool axis vector 72, a tool radial quantity 73 and an origin coordinate 74, and the tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the section curve are respectively input into the automatic controller 5 to establish a section curve. The tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the section curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as an initial value (original value) for subsequent measurement and comparison. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value to obtain a relative difference, and the relative difference includes an axial relative difference and/or a radial relative difference. The relative difference obtains a tool length and a tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7 (as shown in FIG. 8 );

At the same time, when the unprocessed tool 7 starts processing for a period of time, tool wear or tool failure will occur. Since a processing tool 9 is the same tool as the unprocessed tool 7, when the control device 81 drives the processing tool 9 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 during the processing and forms an effective area 91 on the quadrant sensor 4, the automatic controller 5 inputs the effective area 91 and measures a changed wear axis vector 92 and/or a wear radial amount 93 to establish a wear curve. The wear axis vector 92, the wear radial amount 93 and the wear curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a measured value. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measured value to obtain an aspect ratio, an aspect ratio and/or a deviation ratio. The aspect ratio or the offset ratio is used to obtain a difference in the tool length and/or tool diameter of the machining tool 9, and the difference includes an axial difference 94 and/or a radial difference 95. The axial difference 94 is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the zero offset of the working coordinate 75 of the machining tool 9, and the radial difference 95 is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the tool radius compensation or offset error compensation of the machining tool 9, so as to measure the tool length and tool diameter of the machining tool 9, and measure and compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes in three dimensions.

The tool detector can be integrated with the CNC machine tool 8. The tool detector must be connected to the automatic controller 5 of various measurement program functions, and the purpose is to perform integrated computation with the control device 81 of the CNC machine tool 8. The automatic controller 5 can write a special program for the control device 81 on the CNC machine tool 8 to automatically measure the tool length and tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7 and the processed tool 9, measure and compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes, and automatically compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes. In order to make it easy for users to get started, the automatic controller 5 is connected to a connecting line (or a network) to achieve remote development and operation. Before using the tool detector for measurement, the reference coordinates 23 to be measured (as shown in the process of Figures 9 to 15) and the position coordinates 33 (as shown in the process of Figures 16 to 22) must be set. On the three-axis (or five-axis) CNC machine tool 8, the standard rod 6 is used to search for the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 in a multi-dimensional direction to obtain: (a) the standard axis vector, the standard radial quantity and the standard value of the standard rod; (b) the tool axis vector, the tool radial quantity, the origin coordinates, the working coordinates 75 and the initial value of the unprocessed tool; (c) the wear axis vector, the wear radial quantity and the measured value of the processed tool.

The light source 2 uses a two-dimensional parallel transmission arrangement to emit the main light 21 and generate the reflected light 31 in the right triangle 1 to be incident on the quadrant sensor 4. This arrangement allows the light source 2 to provide a smaller collimated light beam or a larger collimated light beam of the main light 21 and the reflected light 31. The spot size matched with the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 can be adjusted according to the size of the effective cross-sectional area 71 projected by the main light 21 and the reflected light 31 on the unprocessed tool 7. Therefore, the light source 2 can be effectively utilized and can provide accurate measurement of the light intensity of the light receiving area 42 and the shadow area 61 of the illumination area intensity in the multiple photoelectric sensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4. Furthermore, the automatic controller 5 includes a laser driving circuit, and the adjustment of the light spot size of the light receiving area 42 can also be controlled by the laser driving circuit. The laser driving circuit enables the light source 2 to have a suitable operating wavelength and intensity control, and can provide a good quality of the main light ray 21 and the reflected light ray 31, so that the main light ray 21 and the reflected light ray 31 have uniformity and stability in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, and are easy to adjust and calibrate.

The laser driving circuit can be used to control the main light 21 and the reflected light 31 to have a moderately divergent soft focus point to meet the angular power distribution condition of the Gaussian beam, that is, to allow a plurality of shadow areas 61 of the standard rod 6 (such as: (a) the shadow area 61 of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (b) a left relative position and a right relative position of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) are horizontally displaced to a left shadow area and a right shadow area of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (c) an upper relative position of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point (or an upper shadow area of the Y-axis reference point) or the effective cross-sectional area 71 of the unprocessed tool 7 to overlap within the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 given by the main light 21 and the reflected light 31.

The quadrant sensor 4 of the present invention can be composed of a photoelectric sensor 44, and the photoelectric sensor 44 receives the optical signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflected light ray 31 with a center of mass coordinate to generate the total area of the light receiving area 42;

Secondly, the present invention arranges the quadrant sensor 4 using a diagonal method, that is, the coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor 4 is rotated counterclockwise at an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin 41, and the inclination angle is preferably 5 degrees to 45 degrees, preferably greater than 10 degrees, more preferably 15 degrees, particularly preferably 30 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees, so as to keep the reflection line 31 vertically irradiated on the quadrant sensor 4, so that the quadrant sensor 4 having at least one bisector 43 (bisector of an angle) receives the optical signal of the reflection line 31 so that the coordinate origin 41 generates the light receiving area 42, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of two (or four) photoelectric sensors 44 with the same area and the same photoelectric properties, and at least one bisector 43 is formed between each of the photoelectric sensors 44, and a diagonal setting is formed between each bisector 43 and a horizontal plane. The present invention is described using four photoelectric sensors 44 of the same area, wherein A, B, C, and D represent the photoelectric sensors 44 in the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant, respectively. That is, the photoelectric sensor 44 uses the four quadrants (or four regions) A, B, C, and D to receive the optical signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflected light ray 31 to generate the total area (total area) of the light receiving area 42, wherein the light receiving areas 42 of the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant are the same as each other, and are all one-fourth of the light receiving area 42, so as to jointly constitute the light receiving area 42;

At this time, if the light receiving area 42 falls on the coordinate origin 41 at the symmetric center of the quadrant sensor 4, the peak values of the photoelectric current signals output by the four quadrants of the photoelectric sensor 44 are completely equal, and the offset of the light receiving area 42 is zero. If the center of the light receiving area 42 is displaced from the symmetric center of the quadrant sensor 4, the four quadrants of the quadrant sensor 4 output photoelectric current signals with different peak values due to the light radiation. Since the photocurrent is very small, the output signals of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the four quadrants need to be amplified by the reverse amplifier 17.

As illustrated in Figure 3A, the first embodiment of the present invention utilizes the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the two quadrants A and B (or two areas) in combination with the standard rod 6 to form the shadow area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4 to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the reference point for measurement. Furthermore, when the unprocessed tool 7 is measured in the measuring space 22 or the complex vector space 32, the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A and B quadrants forms the effective cross-sectional area 71, and the light receiving area 42 undergoes a reduction of area change at the same time, the automatic controller 5 then performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, or uses a calibration curve, or a numerical calculation to calculate that the light receiving area 42 of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the A and B quadrants that has been changed is reduced by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change (change of voltage) formed by each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the A and B quadrants.

As illustrated in FIG. 3B , the second embodiment of the present invention utilizes the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in three quadrants (or three regions) of A, B, C, and D among the four quadrants A, B, C, and D, and uses the standard rod 6 to form the shadow area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4 to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the reference point for measurement. Furthermore, when the unprocessed tool 7 is measured in the measuring space 22 or the complex vector space 32, the light receiving area 42 of any one of the photoelectric sensors 44, or any two of the photoelectric sensors 44, or any three of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D forms the effective cross-sectional area 71, and the light receiving area 42 simultaneously undergoes a change in area reduction, the automatic controller 5 then performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, or uses a correction curve, or uses a numerical calculation to calculate that the light receiving area 42 of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D that has been changed is reduced by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change formed by each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D.

The present invention is different from the existing tool detector which has only one side and cannot measure the axial information parallel to the laser light. The tool detector has the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 on both sides of the main light ray 21 and the reflection line 31. When setting, as shown in Figures 1, 5, 9 to 24, the reference coordinates 23 of the main light ray 21 as the measurement reference and the position coordinates 33 of the reflection line 31 as the measurement reference need to be set respectively. The definition method is as follows:

Step 11, defining the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21: As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , the CNC machine tool 8 is manually controlled or automatically controlled to clamp the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 moves relative to the center of span of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal direction in the multi-dimensional direction, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is masked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form a shadow area 61, and the area occupied by the shadow area 61 is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the standard rod 6 masks the principal light 21 with the baseline 64 as an X-axis datum point (or X-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the X-axis reference point synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81. The area occupied by the shadow area 61 as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, which is the sum of the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the B quadrant changing to half, the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to zero, and the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the D quadrant changing to half;

Step 12, defining the Y-axis reference point of the principal light 21; as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 , the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the left edge and the right edge of the standard rod 6 are moved to a left relative position and a right relative position of the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the transverse direction in the multi-dimensional direction, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the area occupied by the left shadow area and the right shadow area as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the left shadow area and the right shadow area block the principal light 21 as a Y-axis reference point (or Y-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the Y-axis reference point synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81. Among them, the area occupied by the entire left-side shaded area is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the entire light-receiving area 42, which is the sum of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to one-half, the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the D quadrant changing to zero, and the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant changing to one-half. The area occupied by the entire right-side shaded area is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the entire light-receiving area 42, which is the sum of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to one-half, the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the B quadrant changing to zero, and the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant changing to one-half;

Step 13, definition of the Z-axis reference point of the principal light 21: As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 , the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to an upper relative position of the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis in the multi-dimensional direction, and is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form an upper shadow area, and the area occupied by the upper shadow area as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the upper shadow area blocks the principal light 21 as a Z-axis reference point (or Z-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the Z-axis reference point, which is synchronously written to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; wherein the area occupied by the entire upper shadow area is equal to the shadow area 61; so that the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81 complete the setting of the reference points of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinate 23;

Step 14, definition of the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the measurement method is the same as step 11, the CNC machine tool 8 is manually controlled or automatically controlled to clamp the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to the reflection line 31 (or the span center of the reflection line 31) in the complex vector space 32 along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction with a progressive motion, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, and the area is reduced to form a shadow area 61, and the area occupied by the shadow area 61 as a whole is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the standard rod 6 blocks the reflection line 31 with a baseline 64 as a Y-axis reference point (or Y-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the Y-axis reference point and synchronously writes it to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

Step 15, definition of the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 , the measurement method is the same as step 12, that is, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the left and right sides of the standard rod 6 are moved to the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 in a progressive motion along the horizontal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, and a left relative position and a right relative position thereof are horizontally displaced to the Y-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, and the area is reduced to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the area occupied by the left shadow area and the right shadow area as a whole is equal to one half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the left shadow area and the right shadow area block the reflection line 31 as an X-axis reference point (or X-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the X-axis reference point and is synchronously written to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

Step 16, the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 is defined: as shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, the measurement method is the same as step 13, that is, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, and the upper relative position is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area and forming an upper shadow area , and the area occupied by the upper shadow area as a whole is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point segment where the upper shadow area blocks the reflection line 31 as a Z-axis reference point (or Z-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the Z-axis reference point and synchronously writes it to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; so that the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81 complete the setting of the reference points of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the position coordinate 33;

Step 17, the reference point (or the intersection zero point) of the thermal variable is defined: as shown in Figures 23 and 24, the automatic controller 5 uses a vertical line to be orthogonal to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31, and each vertical line projects the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 orthogonally to each other on the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle 1 to form the three-dimensional coordinate 14 converted into the intersection zero point, and the three-dimensional coordinate 14 is used as the measurement reference point of the thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8.

After obtaining the reference coordinates 23 in the measurement space 22 using the standard rod 6 and obtaining the position coordinates 33 in the complex vector space 32, the following steps may be performed:

Step 21, establishing a standard value of the standard rod 6: As shown in FIGS. 25, 27 to 29, the automatic controller 5 first automatically sets a standard radial value 63 and the center point 65 of the standard rod 6, and then drives the center point 65 of the standard rod 6 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the right triangle seat 1 in a progressive motion, and performs vertical displacement triggering and circular motion triggering at an upper relative position thereof, and triggers the coordinate origin 41 through the left, right and bottom sides of the shaded area 61 to generate a standard axis vector 62 (X-axis section width and Y-axis section width) and a standard radial value 63 (Z-axis section height). height), then the automatic controller 5 inputs the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63 to establish a calibration curve relative to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), and stores the standard axis vector 62, the standard radial quantity 63 and the calibration curve in the storage type public variable 51 as a standard value for subsequent measurement and comparison;

Step 22, establishing an initial value of the unprocessed tool 7: as shown in FIGS. 26, 30 to 32, the automatic controller 5 first automatically sets an origin coordinate 74 and a working coordinate 75 of the unprocessed tool 7, and then drives the working coordinate 75 of the unprocessed tool 7 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the right-angled triangle seat 1 in a progressive motion, and performs vertical displacement triggering (as shown in FIG. 27) and circular motion triggering (as shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30) on an upper relative position thereof, and triggers the coordinate origin 41 through the left side, right side and bottom side of the effective cross-sectional area 71 to generate a tool axis vector 72 (X-axis section width and Y-axis section width) and a tool radial amount 73 (Z-axis section height, and then the automatic controller 5 inputs the tool axis vector 72 and The tool radial quantity 73 establishes a cross-sectional curve relative to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), and the tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the cross-sectional curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as an initial value for subsequent measurement and comparison. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value to obtain a relative difference. Since the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63 of the standard rod 6 are known fixed values, even if the tool axis vector 72 and the tool radial quantity 73 are compared with the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63, the relative difference obtained after the comparison can be used to infer and measure a tool length and a tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7, and the information of the tool length and the tool diameter is updated in the storage type public variable 51;

Step 23, a measurement value of the processing tool 9 is established: as shown in FIGS. 33 to 36 , when a processing tool 9 starts processing for a period of time, tool wear or tool damage will occur. Since the processing tool 9 and the unprocessed tool 7 are the same tool, when the control device 81 drives the processing tool 9 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 during the processing and forms an effective area 91 in the quadrant sensor 4, the automatic controller 5 inputs the effective area 91 and respectively measures a wear axis vector 92 and/or a wear radial amount 92 after the change. 3 to establish a wear curve, the wear axis vector 92, the wear radial amount 93 and the wear curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a measurement value, the automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measurement value to obtain an aspect ratio, an aspect ratio and/or an offset ratio, the aspect ratio or the offset ratio is a difference of a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the machining tool 9, the difference includes an axial difference 94 and/or a radial difference 95, the difference is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the working coordinate 75 of the machining tool 9 to perform cutter compensation and/or a tool radius compensation or offset. The allowable value of the machining tool 9 can be set according to the user's own machining requirements, such as a percentage reduction of area for tool breakage, an allowable value for tool wear, and an allowable value for radial deflection, yawing, negatively skewed, deviation of the vertical, radial deviation, and transient deviation of the tool runout. If the correction device 52 detects that the axial differential 94 or the radial differential 95 exceeds the allowable value set by the user, the automatic controller 5 will display an abnormal warning message to remind the user that the machining tool 9 is broken or has excessive runout, so as to prevent the user from using the machining tool 9 for machining again and causing poor machining accuracy.

The characteristic of the measuring device of the present invention is that the measuring procedure of the thermal variables (hot deformation, thermal displacement) of the three linear axes on the CNC machine tool 8 can be performed simultaneously. During the measurement, at least one tool detector can be set at any quadrant angle position of the bed, or any two quadrant angle positions can be set in non-adjacent diagonal lines. The present invention is planned to have two functions: measuring type and triggering type:

Step 31, direct measurement function for measuring thermal variables: After the automatic controller 5 starts the developed direct measurement program, the CNC machine tool 8 will automatically change the tool to the standard rod 6 used for measuring thermal variables and start the measurement mode. As shown in FIG37 , the CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 to perform circular motion with the baseline 64 to trigger the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. At this time, the automatic controller 5 respectively records the initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the stereo coordinate 14 of the orthogonal projection of the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33. After recording the initial values Dx1 and Dy1, the CNC machine tool 8 rises to the highest point of the rotating axis and starts to rotate and warm up. After rotating for the first time (for example, five minutes), the CNC machine tool 8 performs the measurement procedure again and then turns on the measurement mode. The CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves to a thermal variable after thermal deformation (thermal deformation) or heat fluctuation (heat fluctuation) of the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33. After warming up, the automatic controller 5 respectively records the first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate 14. The difference between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal variable after the first warm-up time (for example, five minutes) in the X-axis direction; the difference between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal variable after the first warm-up time (for example, five minutes) in the Y-axis direction. The warm-up and measurement actions are repeated after the second time (for example, ten minutes). The automatic controller 5 records the second displacement values Dx3 and Dy3 of the three-dimensional coordinate 14 again. The difference between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal variable after the second warm-up time (for example, ten minutes) in the X-axis direction; the difference between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal variable after the second warm-up time (for example, ten minutes) in the Y-axis direction. The thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 is subsequently measured and obtained in this way. The automatic controller 5 of the present invention will record the measured values of the three-axis thermal variables to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14 (thermal variables measurement), N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and output the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14 to the control device 81 through a connecting line (or a network). The present invention will also develop corresponding software to record the values of the thermal variables multiple times and provide them to the manufacturer of the CNC machine tool 8 for use.

Step 32, trigger function of measuring thermal variables: As shown in FIG. 38 , after the automatic controller 5 starts the developed trigger measurement program, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6 used for measuring thermal variables, and starts the measurement mode. The CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected line 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. The main light ray 21 First, trigger in the Z-axis direction, and the automatic controller 5 records the Z-axis coordinate Z1 of the CNC machine tool 8, and then trigger from the left and right sides of the main light 21 respectively. The triggering positions on both sides allow the automatic controller 5 to calculate the Y-axis coordinate Yc; and the measurement mode of the reflection line 31 of the tool detector is the same. After triggering in the Z-axis direction of the reflection line 31, trigger from the left and right sides of the reflection line 31 respectively. The triggering positions allow the automatic controller 5 to calculate the X-axis coordinate Xc, and now the three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc1, Yc1, Z1) can be obtained. The CNC machine tool 8 rises to the highest point of the rotating axis and starts to rotate and warm up. After rotating for a first time (e.g., five minutes), the CNC machine tool 8 performs a measurement procedure for a second time (e.g., ten minutes), starts the measurement mode, and repeats the above-mentioned measurement action. The automatic controller 5 calculates the second three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc2, Yc2, Z2). The difference between Xc1 and Xc2, the difference between Yc1 and Yc2, and the difference between Z1 and Z2 are the thermal variables of the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis after the first time (e.g., five minutes) of warming up. Repeating this measurement action for a third time (e.g., fifteen minutes), the automatic controller 5 calculates the third three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc3, Yc3, Z3). The difference between Xc1 and Xc3, the difference between Yc1 and Yc3, and the difference between Z1 and Z3 are the thermal variables of the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis after the second time (e.g., ten minutes) of warming up. Subsequently, the thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 is obtained in this way. The CNC machine tool 8 can add the measurement of the thermal variable at any time during the measurement process of the standard rod 6, even if the automatic controller 5 outputs it to the control device 81 through the connection (or the network), so that the control device 81 can compensate for the current thermal variable error of the CNC machine tool 8 at any time.

The present invention can be applied to the measurement of the angle of inclination of the rotating axis and the column of the CNC machine tool 8. During the measurement, at least one tool detector can be set at any quadrant angle position of the bed, or any two quadrant angle positions can be set in a non-adjacent diagonal line, or a tool detector can be set at each quadrant angle position. The measurement program has the following functions:

Step 41, measuring the inclination angle of the rotating shaft and the column: after the automatic controller 5 starts the measuring mode, the CNC machine tool 8 will automatically change the tool to the standard rod 6, and the CNC machine tool 8 will sequentially move the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. The automatic controller 5 is used to obtain the light signal at a plurality of known angles between the plurality of photoelectric sensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4, and the light signal is processed to obtain the wear curve. At this time, the calibration device 52 will use a nonlinear regression algorithm to calculate the inclination angle of the standard rod 6 at the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 and the wear curve formed on the quadrant sensor 4 to obtain the angle of the wear curve. As shown in FIG39, when the rotating shaft head has no dip error, the automatic controller 5 will calculate VB-VD=0 in FIG39 and output it through the network connector. When there is a dip error, the wear curve (VB-VD) in FIG40 and the wear curve (VD-VA) in FIG41 will be output. Thereafter, the automatic controller 5 performs numerical calculations of the calibration curve and the wear curve to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D. When the automatic controller 5 performs the calculation, if the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant has a voltage change, the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant represents that the cutting fluid is measured.

Step 42, trigger-type measurement of the inclination of the rotation axis and the column: The trigger-type measurement plan is used for measurement of a large gantry five-axis CNC machine tool. After the automatic controller 5 starts the measurement mode, the gantry five-axis CNC machine tool automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6. The gantry five-axis CNC machine tool sequentially moves the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31. The standard rod 6 also shields the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. At the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21, the tool reference point (TCP) of the A-axis of the gantry five-axis CNC machine tool rotates to perform a position analysis. When the automatic controller 5 obtains the optical signal and calculates that the inclination of this position is 0 degrees, it stops and records the position at this time. From this position and the position of the reference coordinate 23, the Y-axis inclination can be calculated. The position coordinate 33 is the same as the reference coordinate 23. The standard rod 6 moves to the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31, and the A axis swings slowly. When the automatic controller 5 calculates that the position angle is 0 degrees, it stops and records the position at this time. From this position and the position coordinate 33, the X axis angle can be calculated. The calculation method is the same as step 41.

In summary, the present invention is not only innovative in terms of spatial form, but also can enhance the above-mentioned multiple functions compared to the prior art. It should have fully met the statutory invention patent requirements of novelty and creativity. Therefore, I submit this application and sincerely request your office to approve this invention patent application to encourage inventions. I would be grateful.

In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is apparent that various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims (5)

1. A tool detector, the tool detector being provided on a bed of a numerical control machine tool having at least one rotary shaft, a tri-linear shaft, and a control device, comprising:

the right-angle triangle seat is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, wherein the first angle position is provided with a light source for emitting a main light ray and then the main light ray is incident to a plane mirror arranged at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflection line to be incident to a coordinate origin of the symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position so as to generate a light receiving area, and the quadrant sensor is arranged by adopting a diagonal method, namely, a coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated relative to the coordinate origin by an inclination angle to be arranged at the third angle position;

An automatic controller is composed of a storage type common variable and a correction unit, and is characterized by that the control unit drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on the quadrant sensor, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a measuring space of the main ray to define a reference coordinate, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a complex vector space of the reflecting ray to define a position coordinate, and at the same time makes the automatic controller to orthogonally project the reference coordinate and the position coordinate to the hypotenuse of the rectangular triangle base to form a three-dimensional coordinate for being converted into an intersecting zero point, and then the control unit repeatedly drives the standard rod to the reference coordinate and the position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates, and uses N+1 three-dimensional coordinates as the measurement of a thermal variable of the numerical control tool.

2. The tool detector of claim 1 wherein said standard bar aligns said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with a center point of a base line and establishes a standard axis vector and a standard diameter vector with each of said shadow areas and inputs said automatic controller to establish a standard value, after which said control means drives a raw tool again to align said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with an operating coordinate and measures them, and establishes a tool axis vector, a tool diameter vector and an origin coordinate with each of said position coordinates with an effective cross-sectional area and inputs said automatic controller to establish an initial value, said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said standard axis vector and said initial value to obtain a relative difference, said relative difference being a tool length of said raw tool and a tool diameter, at the same time, said raw tool forms a tool wear or forms a tool damage after a period of time begins to process, said raw tool and said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said initial value by a measured value and said error vector, said automatic controller performs an abrasion sensor to obtain a measured value when said measured value is said tool length of said tool is identical to said tool diameter vector and said initial value, the difference is transmitted to the control device by the correction device to reset the working coordinates of the processing tool or a tool radius compensation or offset to be used as the tool length and tool radius measurement and compensation of the processing tool.

3. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of two identical photoelectric sensors having identical areas and identical photoelectric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photoelectric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.

4. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of four identical photo-electric sensors having identical areas and identical photo-electric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photo-electric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.

5. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the nc machine sequentially moves the standard bar to trigger the standard bar to perform circular motion with a base line until the reference coordinates of the principal ray and the position coordinates of the reflection ray are reached, the standard bar shields the light receiving area of the quadrant sensor, moves with the base line until the standard bar coincides with the origin of coordinates, causes the automatic controller to record initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference coordinates and the position coordinates, respectively, records the initial values Dx1 and Dy1, and starts to rotate and warm up when the nc machine is lifted to the highest position of the rotation axis, and performs the measurement procedure again after the first time of rotation, and then starting a measurement mode, sequentially moving the numerical control machine tool to a thermal variable after thermal deformation or thermal movement of the reference coordinate and the position coordinate, wherein after the numerical control machine tool is warmed up, the automatic controller respectively records first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate, the difference value between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the X-axis direction, the difference value between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the Y-axis direction, the above-mentioned warming up and measurement actions are repeated once again after the second time, and the difference value between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the second time of the X-axis direction, and the difference value between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal variable after the warm up in the second time of the Y-axis direction.