CN114800038B - Tool detector - Google Patents

Tool detector Download PDF

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CN114800038B
CN114800038B CN202110126083.9A CN202110126083A CN114800038B CN 114800038 B CN114800038 B CN 114800038B CN 202110126083 A CN202110126083 A CN 202110126083A CN 114800038 B CN114800038 B CN 114800038B
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tool
coordinate
coordinates
axis
automatic controller
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CN114800038A (en
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刘建宏
蔡佳融
柯佩岑
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Leiying Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种刀具检测器,主要由一直角三角座与一自动控制器所构成;该直角三角座以一光源以射出一主光线再入射至一平面镜,该平面镜产生一反射线入射至一象限传感器以产生一受光面积;该自动控制器做为刀长与刀径量测,该控制装置首先以该标准棒建立一标准值,其后再次驱动一未加工刀具建立一初始值,同时,驱动一加工刀具建立一测量值,该自动控制器对该初始值与该测量值进行一误差分析即可得到该加工刀具的一刀长与/或一刀径的一差分,以做为一加工刀具的刀长与刀径量测、该旋转轴与三线性轴其热变量的三维共同量测与补偿。

The present invention relates to a tool detector, which is mainly composed of a right-angle triangle and an automatic controller; the right-angle triangle uses a light source to emit a main light beam which is then incident on a plane mirror, and the plane mirror generates a reflected light beam which is incident on a quadrant sensor to generate a light receiving area; the automatic controller is used for tool length and tool diameter measurement, and the control device first establishes a standard value with the standard rod, and then drives an unprocessed tool to establish an initial value again, and at the same time, drives a processed tool to establish a measurement value, and the automatic controller performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measurement value to obtain a difference between a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the processed tool, so as to measure the tool length and tool diameter of the processed tool, and to measure and compensate the three-dimensional thermal variables of the rotary axis and three linear axes.

Description

刀具检测器Tool detector

技术领域Technical Field

本发明涉及刀具检测器领域,具体是指一种能提供该主光线与该反射线在该测量空间与该复向量空间具有均匀性和稳定性,且其易于调整及校正刀具检测器。The present invention relates to the field of tool detectors, and in particular to a tool detector which can provide the main light and the reflected light with uniformity and stability in the measurement space and the complex vector space, and is easy to adjust and calibrate.

背景技术Background technique

现有的测量机器上物体的位置的光测量装置和方法如中国公告第CN1202403C号专利案,其主要构成特征为:一光源,用于产生光束;一检测器,用于接收所述光束并在光束被遮挡时产生信号;其中,检测器用于:在从光源发射并入射到检测器上的光束被遮挡时产生检测信号;在产生第一检测信号时提供第一时间间隔;提供第二时间间隔,其中该第二时间间隔小于所述第一时间间隔并且出现在所述第一时间间隔的结尾;并且如果在第二时间间隔内在检测器内出现另一检测信号时,发出一输出信号。Existing optical measuring devices and methods for measuring the position of an object on a machine, such as the Chinese patent case CN1202403C, have the following main structural features: a light source for generating a light beam; a detector for receiving the light beam and generating a signal when the light beam is blocked; wherein the detector is used to: generate a detection signal when the light beam emitted from the light source and incident on the detector is blocked; provide a first time interval when generating a first detection signal; provide a second time interval, wherein the second time interval is less than the first time interval and appears at the end of the first time interval; and if another detection signal appears in the detector within the second time interval, send an output signal.

关于刀具检测器的相关现有技术,如公告第CN101751001A、CN102029554A、CN102672534A、CN104191310A、CN104907889A、CN109202535A、CN110666590A、CN111001829A、CN205799098U、DE102007006306A1、EP2340914A1、EP2340914A1、JP2010162686A、JP2011143488A、JPH0550362A、JPH05162049A、JPH05245743A、JPS6294209A、TW534976B、TW200810872A、TW201002469A、TW201028242A、TW201416165A、TW201531391A、TW201831262、TWI283616、TWI291395、TWI387507、TWI473681、TWI476066、TWI548500、TWM515928、US6496273B1、US2008069434A1、WO0138822A1号的问题,在本发明的系统架构简单,能使刀具在转动的状态下进行测量以及精确侦测刀具的磨耗及损坏情形,相当实用化。Related prior art about tool detectors, such as announcements CN101751001A, CN102029554A, CN102672534A, CN104191310A, CN104907889A, CN109202535A, CN110666590A, CN111001829A, CN205799098U, DE102007006306A1, EP2340914A1, EP2340914A1, JP2010162686A, JP2011143488A, JPH0550362A, JPH05162049A, JPH05245743A, JPS629420 9A, TW534976B, TW200810872A, TW201002469A, TW201028242A, TW201416165A, TW201531391A, TW201831262, TWI283616, TWI291395, TWI387507, TWI473681, TWI476066, TWI548500, TWM515928, US6496273B1, US2008069434A1, WO0138822A1. The system architecture of the present invention is simple, and the tool can be measured while rotating and the wear and damage of the tool can be accurately detected, which is quite practical.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的即在于提供一种比传统量刀器具有更多功能、更可再现、更小型、更有效率、更精确、稳定及可尺寸化的刀具检测器。The object of the present invention is to provide a tool detector which is more functional, more reproducible, smaller, more efficient, more accurate, stable and scalable than conventional tool measuring devices.

本发明的目的为在于提供一种减少保养、减少功率的使用和加工平台面积的刀具检测器。An object of the present invention is to provide a tool detector which reduces maintenance, power usage and machining platform area.

可达成上述发明目的刀具检测器,包括有:The tool detector that can achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention includes:

一直角三角座,为设置有一第一角位置、一第二角位置以及一第三角位置,该第一角位置设置一光源以射出一主光线再入射至该第二角位置设置的一平面镜,该平面镜产生一反射线入射至该第三角位置一象限传感器其对称中心的一坐标原点以产生一受光面积,该象限传感器采用对角线法布置,即将该象限传感器的坐标轴相对于该坐标原点旋转一倾角设置于该第三角位置;A right angle triangle is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, a light source is provided at the first angle position to emit a main light beam which is incident on a plane mirror provided at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflected light beam which is incident on a coordinate origin of a symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position to generate a light receiving area, the quadrant sensor is arranged by a diagonal method, that is, the coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated by an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin and is provided at the third angle position;

一自动控制器,包含一保存型公用变量与一校正装置,首先该控制装置驱动一标准棒于该象限传感器形成有一阴影面积,并以该阴影面积在该主光线的一测量空间以多维度方向进行投影定义一基准坐标,以该阴影面积在该反射线的一复向量空间以多维度方向进行投影定义一位置坐标,同时使该自动控制器将该基准坐标与该位置坐标相互正交投影于该直角三角座的斜边构成转换为一相交零点的一立体坐标,其后该控制装置以一时间间隔重复驱动该标准棒至该基准坐标与该位置坐标即可得N+1个该立体坐标,并以N+1个该立体坐标作为该数控工具机的一热变量的量测。An automatic controller includes a storage type common variable and a calibration device. First, the control device drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on the quadrant sensor, and defines a reference coordinate by projecting the shadow area in a measurement space of the main light in multi-dimensional directions, and defines a position coordinate by projecting the shadow area in a complex vector space of the reflection line in multi-dimensional directions. At the same time, the automatic controller projects the reference coordinate and the position coordinate orthogonally onto the hypotenuse of the right triangle to form a three-dimensional coordinate with an intersection zero point. Thereafter, the control device repeatedly drives the standard rod to the reference coordinate and the position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates, and uses the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates as a measurement of a thermal variable of the CNC machine tool.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为本发明刀具检测器的顶面立体示意图。FIG. 1 is a top perspective schematic diagram of a tool detector of the present invention.

图2为该刀具检测器其光路的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the tool detector.

图3A与图3B为该象限传感器的示意图。3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the quadrant sensor.

图4为该刀具检测器的系统流程图。FIG4 is a system flow chart of the tool detector.

图5为该标准棒的示意图。FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the standard rod.

图6为该未加工刀具的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the unprocessed tool.

图7为该象限传感器与该保存型公用变量其光讯号的传输流程图。FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the transmission of optical signals between the quadrant sensor and the storage-type common variable.

图8为该自动控制器的处理流程图。FIG8 is a process flow chart of the automatic controller.

图9与图10为该主光线其X轴基准点定义的示意图。FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the X-axis reference point of the principal ray.

图11至图13为该主光线其Y轴基准点定义的示意图。11 to 13 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the principal ray.

图14与图15为该主光线其Z轴基准点定义的示意图。FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the principal ray.

图16与图17为该反射线其Y轴基准点定义的示意图。FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line.

图18至图20为该反射线其X轴基准点定义的示意图。18 to 20 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the X-axis reference point of the reflection line.

图21与图22为该反射线其Z轴基准点定义的示意图。FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line.

图23与图24为该热变量其基准点或该相交零点定义的示意图。FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 are schematic diagrams showing the definition of the reference point or the intersection zero point of the thermal variable.

图25为该标准棒的一标准值建立的示意图。FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of a standard value for the standard rod.

图26为该未加工刀具的一初始值建立的示意图。FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of an initial value of the unprocessed tool.

图27为该标准棒进行垂直位移触发以设定标准径向量的示意图。FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the standard rod being triggered by vertical displacement to set the standard radial amount.

图28与图29为该标准棒进行圆周运动触发以设定标准轴向量的示意图。FIG. 28 and FIG. 29 are schematic diagrams showing the standard rod being triggered by circular motion to set the standard axial amount.

图30为该未加工刀具进行垂直位移触发以设定原点坐标、工作坐标与刀具径向量的示意图。FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the vertical displacement triggering of the unprocessed tool to set the origin coordinates, working coordinates and tool radial amount.

图31与图32为该未加工刀具进行圆周运动触发以设定刀具轴向量的示意图。FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 are schematic diagrams showing the circular motion triggering of the unprocessed tool to set the tool axial amount.

图33至图36为该加工刀具的一测量值建立的示意图。33 to 36 are schematic diagrams showing the establishment of a measurement value of the machining tool.

图37为热变量进行量测的直接量测式功能的示意图。FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram of a direct measurement function for measuring thermal variables.

图38为热变量进行量测的触发式功能的示意图。FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a trigger function for measuring thermal variables.

图39至图41为旋转轴与立柱倾角量测式量测后显示于象限传感器的示意图。39 to 41 are schematic diagrams of the quadrant sensor after the rotation axis and column inclination angle measurement is measured.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 直角三角座1 Right triangle

11 第一角位置11 First angular position

12第二角位置12 Second angular position

13第三角位置13 Third corner position

14立体坐标14 Stereo Coordinates

15电流转换电压电路15 Current conversion voltage circuit

16低通滤波器16 Low pass filter

17反向放大器17 Reverse Amplifier

2 光源2 Light Source

21 主光线21 Main Ray

22测量空间22 Measurement Space

23基准坐标23 Reference coordinates

3 平面镜3. Plane mirror

31 反射线31 Reflection Line

32复向量空间32 Complex vector space

33位置坐标33 Location coordinates

4 象限传感器4-quadrant sensor

41 坐标原点41 Coordinate origin

42受光面积42 Light receiving area

43分角线43-point angle line

44光电传感器44 Photoelectric Sensor

5 自动控制器5 Automatic controller

51 保存型公用变量51 Saved public variables

52校正装置52 calibration device

53模拟数字转换器53Analog-to-digital converter

54 电源电路54 Power Circuit

6 标准棒6 Standard rods

61 阴影面积61 Shaded area

62标准轴向量62 standard axis vectors

63标准径向量63 standard radial quantity

64基线64 Baseline

65 中心点65 Center Point

7 未加工刀具7 Unprocessed tools

71 有效横断面积71 Effective cross-sectional area

72刀具轴向量72 Tool axis vector

73刀具径向量73 Tool Radial Quantity

74原点坐标74 origin coordinates

75 工作坐标75 working coordinates

8 数控工具机8 CNC machine tools

81 控制装置81 Control device

9 加工刀具9 Processing tools

91 有效面积91 Effective Area

92磨耗轴向量92 Wear axis vector

93磨耗径向量93 Radial wear

94轴向差分94 axial differential

95径向差分95 radial differential

具体实施方式Detailed ways

请参阅图1至图8,本发明所提供的的至少一刀具检测器为设置在具备至少一旋转轴、三线性轴以及一控制装置81的一数控工具机8(numerical control machine tool)的一床台上的任一位置、或该床台上的一对角点(diagonal point)位置、或该床台上的对角矩阵(diagonal matrix)位置,主要包括有:一直角三角座1(right triangle seat)以及一自动控制器5(automatic controller)所构成;Referring to FIGS. 1 to 8 , at least one tool detector provided by the present invention is arranged at any position on a bed of a numerical control machine tool 8 having at least one rotary axis, three linear axes and a control device 81, or at a diagonal point position on the bed, or at a diagonal matrix position on the bed, and mainly comprises: a right triangle seat 1 and an automatic controller 5;

该直角三角座1为设置有一第一角位置11(first angular position)、一第二角位置12(second angular position)以及一第三角位置13(third angular position),该第一角位置11设置一光源2(light source)以射出一主光线21(chief ray)再入射至该第二角位置12设置的一平面镜3(plane mirror),该平面镜3产生一反射线31(reflectionline)入射至该第三角位置13一象限传感器4(quadrant detectors)其对称中心(centerof symmetry)的一坐标原点41(origin of coordinate)以产生一受光面积42(receivingarea),该象限传感器4采用对角线法(diagonal method)布置,即将该象限传感器4的坐标轴或一分角线43相对于该坐标原点41逆时针(或顺时针)旋转一倾角设置于该第三角位置13;其中,该象限传感器4由一片、或二片、或四片面积相同且光电性质相同的一光电传感器44(photoelectric sensor)所组成的。其中,该平面镜3为一分光镜(beam splitter)、或一反射镜(reflecting mirror)。其中,反射线31另能为一折光线(broken ray)、或另为一折射线(refracted ray)。The right-angled triangle 1 is provided with a first angular position 11, a second angular position 12 and a third angular position 13. The first angular position 11 is provided with a light source 2 to emit a chief ray 21 which is incident on a plane mirror 3 provided on the second angular position 12. The plane mirror 3 generates a reflection line 31 which is incident on a quadrant detector 4 on the third angular position 13. The quadrant detector 4 uses a diagonal method to generate a light receiving area 42. The method is to arrange the coordinate axis or the angle dividing line 43 of the quadrant sensor 4 counterclockwise (or clockwise) at an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin 41 and set it at the third angle position 13; wherein the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of one, two, or four photoelectric sensors 44 (photoelectric sensor) with the same area and the same photoelectric properties. wherein the plane mirror 3 is a beam splitter or a reflecting mirror. wherein the reflected line 31 can also be a broken ray or a refracted ray.

如图3与图4所示,该直角三角座1的该象限传感器4为一共阳电路,需要包含一电流转换电压电路15,以将该受光面积42的电流讯号转换为电压讯号,并增加电路中的电容性以达成一低通滤波器16(lowpass filter)与一反向放大器17(reversing amplifier),该低通滤波器16能进行控制电压讯号的快速变化与稳定化,将输出的电压讯号进行放大处理后输入至该自动控制器5的一模拟数字转换器53,并由一电源电路54供应该自动控制器5的电源,使该自动控制器5自动执行该模拟数字转换器53的输入程序,以进行所需要量测功能的计算。As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the quadrant sensor 4 of the right triangle 1 is a common anode circuit, which needs to include a current-to-voltage conversion circuit 15 to convert the current signal of the light-receiving area 42 into a voltage signal, and increase the capacitance in the circuit to achieve a low-pass filter 16 and a reversing amplifier 17. The low-pass filter 16 can control the rapid change and stabilization of the voltage signal, and amplify the output voltage signal and input it to an analog-to-digital converter 53 of the automatic controller 5. A power circuit 54 supplies power to the automatic controller 5, so that the automatic controller 5 automatically executes the input program of the analog-to-digital converter 53 to perform the calculation of the required measurement function.

该自动控制器5包含一保存型公用变量51(conserved common variable)与一校正装置52(correcting unit),首先该控制装置81驱动该标准棒6于该象限传感器4形成有一阴影面积61(shading area),并以该阴影面积61在该主光线21的一测量空间22(measurement space)以多维度方向(multidimensional direction)在该测量空间22的该主光线21上进行投影(projection)定义一基准坐标23(reference coordinates),以该阴影面积61在该反射线31的一复向量空间32(complex vector space)以多维度方向在该复向量空间32的该反射线31上进行投影定义一位置坐标33(position coordinate),同时使该自动控制器5将该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33相互正交投影(rectangular projection)于该直角三角座1的斜边构成转换为一相交零点(crossing zero)的一立体坐标14(spacecoordinates),其后该控制装置81以一时间间隔(time interval)重复驱动该标准棒6至该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33即可得N+1个该立体坐标14、N+2个该立体坐标14、N+3个该立体坐标14,并以N+1个该立体坐标14、N+2个该立体坐标14、N+3个该立体坐标14的作为该数控工具机8的一热变量(thermal variable)多次量测的值;The automatic controller 5 includes a conserved common variable 51 and a correcting unit 52. First, the control device 81 drives the standard rod 6 to form a shading area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4, and uses the shading area 61 to project on the principal ray 21 of the measurement space 22 of the principal ray 21 in a multidimensional direction to define a reference coordinate 23. The shading area 61 is projected on the reflection line 31 of the complex vector space 32 of the reflection line 31 in a multidimensional direction to define a position coordinate 33. At the same time, the automatic controller 5 orthogonally projects the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 on the hypotenuse of the right triangle 1 to form a three-dimensional coordinate 14 with a crossing zero point. Then, the control device 81 performs a time interval. interval) repeatedly drives the standard rod 6 to the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14 are used as the values of a thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 for multiple measurements;

其次,该自动控制器5接续该标准棒6以一基线64(datum line)的一中心点65(center point)以多维度方向对准该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33并以投影形成该阴影面积61各自于该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33各自建立一标准轴向量62以及一标准径向量63并输入该自动控制器5以建立一校准曲线(calibration curve),将该标准轴向量62、该标准径向量63以及该校准曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为往后量测与比较依据的一标准值(standard value),其后该控制装置81再次驱动一未加工刀具7(unfinishedtool)以一工作坐标75对准该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33进行量测,并以一有效横断面积71(effective cross sectional area)各自于该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33各自建立一刀具轴向量72、一刀具径向量73以及一原点坐标74并输入该自动控制器5以建立一截面曲线(section curve),将该刀具轴向量72、该刀具径向量73、该原点坐标74、该工作坐标75以及该截面曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为往后量测与比较依据的一初始值(original value),该自动控制器5对该标准值与该初始值进行一误差分析(erroranalysis)即可得到一相对差(relative difference),该相对差包含一轴向相对差与/或一径向相对差,该相对差即得到该未加工刀具7的一刀长与一刀径(如图8所示);Next, the automatic controller 5 uses a center point 65 of a datum line 64 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in a multi-dimensional direction with the standard rod 6 and forms the shadow area 61 by projection. A standard axis vector 62 and a standard radial amount 63 are respectively established at the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 and input into the automatic controller 5 to establish a calibration curve. The standard axis vector 62, the standard radial amount 63 and the calibration curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a standard value for subsequent measurement and comparison. Thereafter, the control device 81 drives an unfinished tool 7 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 for measurement, and an effective cross-sectional area 71 is used as the effective cross-sectional area 72. The reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 are respectively used to establish a tool axis vector 72, a tool radial quantity 73 and an origin coordinate 74, and the tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the section curve are respectively input into the automatic controller 5 to establish a section curve. The tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the section curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as an initial value (original value) for subsequent measurement and comparison. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value to obtain a relative difference, and the relative difference includes an axial relative difference and/or a radial relative difference. The relative difference obtains a tool length and a tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7 (as shown in FIG. 8 );

同时,当该未加工刀具7开始加工一段时间后会形成刀具磨耗(tool wear)或形成刀具损坏(tool failure),因一加工刀具9与该未加工刀具7为相同一把刀具,当该控制装置81于加工过程中定时(timing)驱动该加工刀具9以一工作坐标75对准该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33并于该象限传感器4形成一有效面积91(effective area),其后,使该自动控制器5输入该有效面积91则各自测得变动后的一磨耗轴向量92与/或一磨耗径向量93以建立一磨耗曲线(tractrix curve),将该磨耗轴向量92、该磨耗径向量93以及该磨耗曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为一测量值(measured value),该自动控制器5对该初始值与该测量值进行一误差分析即可得到一长宽比(aspect ratio)、一长宽比与/或一偏移比(deviation ratio),该长宽比或该偏移比即得到该加工刀具9的一刀长与/或一刀径的一差分(difference),该差分包含一轴向差分94与/或一径向差分95,该轴向差分94由该校正装置52传输至该控制装置81重新设定该加工刀具9其该工作坐标75的零点补偿(zerooffset),该径向差分95由该校正装置52传输至该控制装置81重新设定该加工刀具9的刀具半径补偿或偏移(tool radius compensation or offset)的误差补偿(errorcompensation),以做为一加工刀具9的刀长与刀径量测、该旋转轴与三线性轴其热变量的三维共同量测与补偿。At the same time, when the unprocessed tool 7 starts processing for a period of time, tool wear or tool failure will occur. Since a processing tool 9 is the same tool as the unprocessed tool 7, when the control device 81 drives the processing tool 9 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 during the processing and forms an effective area 91 on the quadrant sensor 4, the automatic controller 5 inputs the effective area 91 and measures a changed wear axis vector 92 and/or a wear radial amount 93 to establish a wear curve. The wear axis vector 92, the wear radial amount 93 and the wear curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a measured value. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measured value to obtain an aspect ratio, an aspect ratio and/or a deviation ratio. The aspect ratio or the offset ratio is used to obtain a difference in the tool length and/or tool diameter of the machining tool 9, and the difference includes an axial difference 94 and/or a radial difference 95. The axial difference 94 is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the zero offset of the working coordinate 75 of the machining tool 9, and the radial difference 95 is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the tool radius compensation or offset error compensation of the machining tool 9, so as to measure the tool length and tool diameter of the machining tool 9, and measure and compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes in three dimensions.

该刀具检测器能与该数控工具机8进行上整合控制(integrated control),该刀具检测器必须连接(connect)各种量测程序功能的该自动控制器5,目的与该数控工具机8搭载的该控制装置81做整合计算(integrated computation),该自动控制器5能撰写该数控工具机8上该控制装置81自动进行该未加工刀具7与该加工刀具9的刀长与刀径量测、该旋转轴与三线性轴其热变量的量测与补偿的专用程序、自动进行该旋转轴与三线性轴其热变量的补偿。为了让使用者容易上手,该自动控制器5与一联机(connecting line)(或一网络(network))进行连接,达到可以远程开发与操作。使用该刀具检测器量测前必须要设定所要量测的该基准坐标23(如图9至图15的流程)与该位置坐标33(如图16至图22的流程),在三轴(或五轴)的该数控工具机8上,使用该标准棒6以多维度方向寻找该刀具检测器于该测量空间22与该复向量空间32的该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33以取得(obtain):(a)该标准棒的该标准轴向量、该标准径向量以及该标准值;(b)该未加工刀具的该刀具轴向量、该刀具径向量、该原点坐标、该工作坐标75以及该初始值;(c)该加工刀具的该磨耗轴向量、该磨耗径向量以及测量值。The tool detector can be integrated with the CNC machine tool 8. The tool detector must be connected to the automatic controller 5 of various measurement program functions, and the purpose is to perform integrated computation with the control device 81 of the CNC machine tool 8. The automatic controller 5 can write a special program for the control device 81 on the CNC machine tool 8 to automatically measure the tool length and tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7 and the processed tool 9, measure and compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes, and automatically compensate the thermal variables of the rotary axis and the three linear axes. In order to make it easy for users to get started, the automatic controller 5 is connected to a connecting line (or a network) to achieve remote development and operation. Before using the tool detector for measurement, the reference coordinates 23 to be measured (as shown in the process of Figures 9 to 15) and the position coordinates 33 (as shown in the process of Figures 16 to 22) must be set. On the three-axis (or five-axis) CNC machine tool 8, the standard rod 6 is used to search for the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 in a multi-dimensional direction to obtain: (a) the standard axis vector, the standard radial quantity and the standard value of the standard rod; (b) the tool axis vector, the tool radial quantity, the origin coordinates, the working coordinates 75 and the initial value of the unprocessed tool; (c) the wear axis vector, the wear radial quantity and the measured value of the processed tool.

该光源2使用二维并行传输(two-dimensional parallel transmission)的排列在该直角三角座1内射出该主光线21与产生该反射线31以入射至该象限传感器4内,此排列可让该光源2提供一较小准直光束(collimater light beam)或一较大准直光束的该主光线21与该反射线31,其可依据该未加工刀具7被该主光线21与该反射线31投影出该有效横断面积71的大小,而作为该象限传感器4的该受光面积42所搭配的光点大小(spot size)调整,因此该光源2可有效被利用,并可提供该象限传感器4的多个光电传感器44内照射区域强度的该受光面积42与该阴影面积61的受光强度精确量测。更进一步而言,该自动控制器5包含设置一雷射驱动电路,该受光面积42的光点大小调整也可由该雷射驱动电路控制,该雷射驱动电路使该光源2具有合适的工作波长(operation wavelength)及强度控制,可提供一好的该主光线21与该反射线31的品质、使该主光线21与该反射线31在该测量空间22与该复向量空间32具有均匀性和稳定性,且其易于调整及校正。The light source 2 uses a two-dimensional parallel transmission arrangement to emit the main light 21 and generate the reflected light 31 in the right triangle 1 to be incident on the quadrant sensor 4. This arrangement allows the light source 2 to provide a smaller collimated light beam or a larger collimated light beam of the main light 21 and the reflected light 31. The spot size matched with the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 can be adjusted according to the size of the effective cross-sectional area 71 projected by the main light 21 and the reflected light 31 on the unprocessed tool 7. Therefore, the light source 2 can be effectively utilized and can provide accurate measurement of the light intensity of the light receiving area 42 and the shadow area 61 of the illumination area intensity in the multiple photoelectric sensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4. Furthermore, the automatic controller 5 includes a laser driving circuit, and the adjustment of the light spot size of the light receiving area 42 can also be controlled by the laser driving circuit. The laser driving circuit enables the light source 2 to have a suitable operating wavelength and intensity control, and can provide a good quality of the main light ray 21 and the reflected light ray 31, so that the main light ray 21 and the reflected light ray 31 have uniformity and stability in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, and are easy to adjust and calibrate.

该雷射驱动电路其可用于控制该主光线21与该反射线31具适度发散的柔和聚焦点,以满足高斯光束的角功率分布条件,也即允许该标准棒6复数个阴影面积61(如:(a)该X轴基准点(或该Y轴基准点)的该阴影面积61、(b)该X轴基准点(或该Y轴基准点)其一左侧相对位置与一右侧相对位置进行水平位移至该X轴基准点(或该Y轴基准点)的一左侧阴影面积与一右侧阴影面积、(c)该X轴基准点(或该Y轴基准点)其一上侧相对位置进行垂直位移至该X轴基准点(或该Y轴基准点的一上侧阴影面积)或该未加工刀具7的该有效横断面积71重迭在该主光线21与该反射线31给定的该象限传感器4的该受光面积42内。The laser driving circuit can be used to control the main light 21 and the reflected light 31 to have a moderately divergent soft focus point to meet the angular power distribution condition of the Gaussian beam, that is, to allow a plurality of shadow areas 61 of the standard rod 6 (such as: (a) the shadow area 61 of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (b) a left relative position and a right relative position of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) are horizontally displaced to a left shadow area and a right shadow area of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (c) an upper relative position of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point (or an upper shadow area of the Y-axis reference point) or the effective cross-sectional area 71 of the unprocessed tool 7 to overlap within the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 given by the main light 21 and the reflected light 31.

本发明的该象限传感器4能由一片该光电传感器44所构成,该光电传感器44为以一质心坐标(center of mass coordinate)来接收该主光线21或该反射线31的光讯号以产生该受光面积42的总面积(total area);The quadrant sensor 4 of the present invention can be composed of a photoelectric sensor 44, and the photoelectric sensor 44 receives the optical signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflected light ray 31 with a center of mass coordinate to generate the total area of the light receiving area 42;

其二,本发明将该象限传感器4采用对角线法(diagonal method)布置,即将该象限传感器4的坐标轴相对于该坐标原点41逆时针旋转一倾角,该倾角较佳为5度至45度,较佳为大于10度、更佳为15度、特佳为30度、最佳为45度,以保持该反射线31垂直照射在该象限传感器4上,使具有至少一分角线43(bisector of an angle)的该象限传感器4接收该反射线31的光讯号使该坐标原点41产生该受光面积42,如图3A与图3B所示,该象限传感器4由二片(或四片)面积相同且光电性质相同的该光电传感器44所组成的,且各该光电传感器44之间形成至少一分角线43,各分角线43与一水平面之间再形成一倾角设置。本发明以四片面积相同的该光电传感器44做说明,其中A、B、C、D分别代表在第一象限、第二象限、第三象限与第四象限的该光电传感器44,也即,该光电传感器44以A、B、C、D四个象限(或四个区域)共同来接收该主光线21或该反射线31的光讯号以产生该受光面积42的总面积(totalarea),其中第一象限、第二象限、第三象限与第四象限四者的该受光面积42彼此相同,皆为该受光面积42的四分的一面积,以共同构成该受光面积42;Secondly, the present invention arranges the quadrant sensor 4 using a diagonal method, that is, the coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor 4 is rotated counterclockwise at an inclination angle relative to the coordinate origin 41, and the inclination angle is preferably 5 degrees to 45 degrees, preferably greater than 10 degrees, more preferably 15 degrees, particularly preferably 30 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees, so as to keep the reflection line 31 vertically irradiated on the quadrant sensor 4, so that the quadrant sensor 4 having at least one bisector 43 (bisector of an angle) receives the optical signal of the reflection line 31 so that the coordinate origin 41 generates the light receiving area 42, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of two (or four) photoelectric sensors 44 with the same area and the same photoelectric properties, and at least one bisector 43 is formed between each of the photoelectric sensors 44, and a diagonal setting is formed between each bisector 43 and a horizontal plane. The present invention is described using four photoelectric sensors 44 of the same area, wherein A, B, C, and D represent the photoelectric sensors 44 in the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant, respectively. That is, the photoelectric sensor 44 uses the four quadrants (or four regions) A, B, C, and D to receive the optical signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflected light ray 31 to generate the total area (total area) of the light receiving area 42, wherein the light receiving areas 42 of the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant are the same as each other, and are all one-fourth of the light receiving area 42, so as to jointly constitute the light receiving area 42;

此时,若该受光面积42落在该象限传感器4对称中心的该坐标原点41,则该光电传感器44四个象限输出的光电流(photoelectric current)信号峰值(peak value)完全相等,该受光面积42偏移量为零。若该受光面积42中心与该象限传感器4对称中心发生位移(displacement),该象限传感器4四个象限因光辐射量输出峰值不同的光电流信号。由于光电流很小,要对四个象限的该光电传感器44的输出信号以该反向放大器17进行放大处理。At this time, if the light receiving area 42 falls on the coordinate origin 41 at the symmetric center of the quadrant sensor 4, the peak values of the photoelectric current signals output by the four quadrants of the photoelectric sensor 44 are completely equal, and the offset of the light receiving area 42 is zero. If the center of the light receiving area 42 is displaced from the symmetric center of the quadrant sensor 4, the four quadrants of the quadrant sensor 4 output photoelectric current signals with different peak values due to the light radiation. Since the photocurrent is very small, the output signals of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the four quadrants need to be amplified by the reverse amplifier 17.

由图3A列举说明,本发明第一实施例就是利用A、B二个象限(或二个区域)的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42搭配使用该标准棒6于该象限传感器4形成有该阴影面积61来定义该刀具检测器于该测量空间22与该复向量空间32的该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33,以取得该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33的X轴、Y轴以及Z轴作为量测的该基准点。并且,该未加工刀具7于该测量空间22或该复向量空间32进行量测于A、B二个象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42形成该有效横断面积71,该受光面积42同时发生一面积缩小(reduction ofarea)的变化时,其后该自动控制器5对该标准值与该初始值进行一误差分析、或以一校正曲线、或以一数值计算(numerical calculation)进行计算被改变的A、B二个象限的各该光电传感器44的各该受光面积42被该有效横断面积71而使该受光面积42减少,即可得到A、B二个象限的各该光电传感器44形成电压变化(change of voltage)的一相对差。As illustrated in Figure 3A, the first embodiment of the present invention utilizes the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the two quadrants A and B (or two areas) in combination with the standard rod 6 to form the shadow area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4 to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the reference point for measurement. Furthermore, when the unprocessed tool 7 is measured in the measuring space 22 or the complex vector space 32, the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A and B quadrants forms the effective cross-sectional area 71, and the light receiving area 42 undergoes a reduction of area change at the same time, the automatic controller 5 then performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, or uses a calibration curve, or a numerical calculation to calculate that the light receiving area 42 of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the A and B quadrants that has been changed is reduced by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change (change of voltage) formed by each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the A and B quadrants.

由图3B列举说明,本发明第二实施例就是利用A、B、C、D四个象限中的A、B、D三个象限(或三个区域)的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42搭配使用该标准棒6于该象限传感器4形成有该阴影面积61来定义该刀具检测器于该测量空间22与该复向量空间32的该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33,以取得该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33的X轴、Y轴以及Z轴作为量测的该基准点。并且,该未加工刀具7于该测量空间22或该复向量空间32进行量测于A、B、D三个象限的该光电传感器44中的任一光电传感器44、或任二光电传感器44、或任三光电传感器44的该受光面积42形成该有效横断面积71,该受光面积42同时发生一面积缩小的变化时,其后该自动控制器5对该标准值与该初始值进行一误差分析、或以一校正曲线、或以一数值计算进行计算被改变的A、B、D三个象限的各该光电传感器44的各该受光面积42被该有效横断面积71而使该受光面积42减少,即可得到A、B、D三个象限的各该光电传感器44形成电压变化的一相对差。As illustrated in FIG. 3B , the second embodiment of the present invention utilizes the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in three quadrants (or three regions) of A, B, C, and D among the four quadrants A, B, C, and D, and uses the standard rod 6 to form the shadow area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4 to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the reference point for measurement. Furthermore, when the unprocessed tool 7 is measured in the measuring space 22 or the complex vector space 32, the light receiving area 42 of any one of the photoelectric sensors 44, or any two of the photoelectric sensors 44, or any three of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D forms the effective cross-sectional area 71, and the light receiving area 42 simultaneously undergoes a change in area reduction, the automatic controller 5 then performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, or uses a correction curve, or uses a numerical calculation to calculate that the light receiving area 42 of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D that has been changed is reduced by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change formed by each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D.

本发明不同于现有的该刀具检测器仅只有一侧,无法量测到与雷射光平行的轴向信息,该刀具检测器有射出该主光线21与产生该反射线31两侧的该测量空间22与该复向量空间32。在设定时,如图1、图5、图9至图24所示,需分别设定该主光线21作为量测基准的该基准坐标23、与该反射线31作为量测基准上的该位置坐标33,其定义方式如下:The present invention is different from the existing tool detector which has only one side and cannot measure the axial information parallel to the laser light. The tool detector has the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 on both sides of the main light ray 21 and the reflection line 31. When setting, as shown in Figures 1, 5, 9 to 24, the reference coordinates 23 of the main light ray 21 as the measurement reference and the position coordinates 33 of the reflection line 31 as the measurement reference need to be set respectively. The definition method is as follows:

步骤11,该主光线21其X轴基准点定义:如图9与图10所示,该数控工具机8为手动控制(manual control)或自动控制(automatic control)夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的底边(bottom edge)沿着多维度方向中的纵轴方向(longitudinal direction)以一渐进运动(progressive motion)和该主光线21的跨距中心(center of span)相对移动,使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮蔽(masking)与产生触发事件而缩小面积(reduction of area)而形成有一阴影面积61,且该阴影面积61的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,以定义该标准棒6以该基线64遮蔽该主光线21的该点线段的位置设定为该基准坐标23的一X轴基准点(X axis datum point)(或X轴中心点(X axis centre point)),同时该象限传感器4输出该X轴基准点的触发电压(triggervoltage)同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81。其中,该阴影面积61的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,为B象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一、加A象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为零、再加D象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一的总和;Step 11, defining the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21: As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , the CNC machine tool 8 is manually controlled or automatically controlled to clamp the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 moves relative to the center of span of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal direction in the multi-dimensional direction, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is masked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form a shadow area 61, and the area occupied by the shadow area 61 is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the standard rod 6 masks the principal light 21 with the baseline 64 as an X-axis datum point (or X-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the X-axis reference point synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81. The area occupied by the shadow area 61 as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, which is the sum of the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the B quadrant changing to half, the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to zero, and the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the D quadrant changing to half;

步骤12,该主光线21其Y轴基准点定义;如图11至图13所示,为该数控工具机8自动控制并夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的左边(left edge)与右边(right edge)沿着多维度方向中的横轴方向(transverse direction)以一渐进运动移至该主光线21的该X轴基准点其一左侧相对位置(left relative position)与一右侧相对位置(right relativeposition),使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮挡与产生触发事件而缩小面积而形成有一左侧阴影面积与一右侧阴影面积,且该左侧阴影面积与该右侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,以定义该左侧阴影面积与该右侧阴影面积遮蔽该主光线21的该点线段的位置设定为该基准坐标23的一Y轴基准点(Yaxis datum point)(或Y轴中心点(Y axis centre point)),同时该象限传感器4输出该Y轴基准点的触发电压同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81。其中,该左侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,为A象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一、加D象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为零、再加C象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一的总和。该右侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,为A象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一、加B象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为零、再加C象限的该光电传感器44的该受光面积42变化为二分之一的总和;Step 12, defining the Y-axis reference point of the principal light 21; as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 , the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the left edge and the right edge of the standard rod 6 are moved to a left relative position and a right relative position of the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the transverse direction in the multi-dimensional direction, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the area occupied by the left shadow area and the right shadow area as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the left shadow area and the right shadow area block the principal light 21 as a Y-axis reference point (or Y-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the Y-axis reference point synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81. Among them, the area occupied by the entire left-side shaded area is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the entire light-receiving area 42, which is the sum of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to one-half, the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the D quadrant changing to zero, and the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant changing to one-half. The area occupied by the entire right-side shaded area is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the entire light-receiving area 42, which is the sum of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the A quadrant changing to one-half, the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the B quadrant changing to zero, and the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant changing to one-half;

步骤13,该主光线21其Z轴基准点定义:如图14与图15所示,为该数控工具机8自动控制并夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的底边沿着多维度方向中的纵轴方向以一渐进运动移至该主光线21的该X轴基准点其一上侧相对位置(upper relative position)进行垂直位移(vertical displacement)至该X轴基准点,使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮挡与产生触发事件而缩小面积而形成有一上侧阴影面积,且该上侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,以定义该上侧阴影面积遮蔽该主光线21的该点线段的位置设定为该基准坐标23的一Z轴基准点(Z axis datum point)(或Z轴中心点(Z axis centre point)),同时该象限传感器4输出该Z轴基准点的触发电压同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81;其中,该上侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该阴影面积61;使该自动控制器5与该控制装置81设定完成该基准坐标23的X轴、Y轴以及Z轴的该基准点;Step 13, definition of the Z-axis reference point of the principal light 21: As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 , the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to an upper relative position of the X-axis reference point of the principal light 21 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis in the multi-dimensional direction, and is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area to form an upper shadow area, and the area occupied by the upper shadow area as a whole is equal to half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the upper shadow area blocks the principal light 21 as a Z-axis reference point (or Z-axis center point) of the reference coordinate 23. point), and the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the Z-axis reference point, which is synchronously written to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; wherein the area occupied by the entire upper shadow area is equal to the shadow area 61; so that the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81 complete the setting of the reference points of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinate 23;

步骤14,该反射线31其Y轴基准点定义:如图16与图17所示,其量测方式同步骤11,该数控工具机8为手动控制或自动控制夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的底边沿着多维度方向中的纵轴方向以一渐进运动移至该复向量空间32的该反射线31(或该反射线31的跨距中心),使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮挡与产生触发事件而缩小面积而形成有一阴影面积61,且该阴影面积61的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分的一,以定义该标准棒6以一基线64遮蔽该反射线31的该点线段的位置设定为该位置坐标33的一Y轴基准点(或Y轴中心点),同时该象限传感器4输出该Y轴基准点的触发电压同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81;Step 14, definition of the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the measurement method is the same as step 11, the CNC machine tool 8 is manually controlled or automatically controlled to clamp the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to the reflection line 31 (or the span center of the reflection line 31) in the complex vector space 32 along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction with a progressive motion, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, and the area is reduced to form a shadow area 61, and the area occupied by the shadow area 61 as a whole is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the standard rod 6 blocks the reflection line 31 with a baseline 64 as a Y-axis reference point (or Y-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the Y-axis reference point and synchronously writes it to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

步骤15,该反射线31其X轴基准点定义:如图18至图20所示,其量测方式同步骤12,为该数控工具机8自动控制并夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的左边与右边沿着多维度方向中的横轴方向以一渐进运动移至该反射线31的该Y轴基准点其一左侧相对位置与一右侧相对位置进行水平位移至该Y轴基准点,使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮挡与产生触发事件而缩小面积而形成有一左侧阴影面积与一右侧阴影面积,且该左侧阴影面积与该右侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分的一,以定义该左侧阴影面积与该右侧阴影面积遮挡该反射线31的该点线段的位置设定为该位置坐标33的一X轴基准点(或X轴中心点),同时该象限传感器4输出该X轴基准点的触发电压同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81;Step 15, definition of the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 , the measurement method is the same as step 12, that is, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the left and right sides of the standard rod 6 are moved to the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 in a progressive motion along the horizontal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, and a left relative position and a right relative position thereof are horizontally displaced to the Y-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, and the area is reduced to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the area occupied by the left shadow area and the right shadow area as a whole is equal to one half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the left shadow area and the right shadow area block the reflection line 31 as an X-axis reference point (or X-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the X-axis reference point and is synchronously written to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

步骤16,该反射线31其Z轴基准点定义:如图21与图22所示,其量测方式同步骤13,为该数控工具机8自动控制并夹持该标准棒6,使得该标准棒6的底边沿着多维度方向中的纵轴方向以一渐进运动移至该反射线31的该X轴基准点其一上侧相对位置进行垂直位移至该X轴基准点,使该象限传感器4的该受光面积42被该标准棒6遮挡与产生触发事件而缩小面积而形成有一上侧阴影面积,且该上侧阴影面积的整体所占的面积等于该受光面积42的整体所占面积的二分之一,以定义该上侧阴影面积遮挡该反射线31的该点线段的位置设定为该位置坐标33的一Z轴基准点(或Z轴中心点),同时该象限传感器4输出该Z轴基准点的触发电压同步撰写于该自动控制器5与该控制装置81;使该自动控制器5与该控制装置81设定完成该位置坐标33的X轴、Y轴以及Z轴的该基准点;Step 16, the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 is defined: as shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, the measurement method is the same as step 13, that is, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 is moved to the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, and the upper relative position is vertically displaced to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and a trigger event is generated, thereby reducing the area and forming an upper shadow area , and the area occupied by the upper shadow area as a whole is equal to one-half of the area occupied by the light receiving area 42 as a whole, so as to define the position of the point segment where the upper shadow area blocks the reflection line 31 as a Z-axis reference point (or Z-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and at the same time, the quadrant sensor 4 outputs a trigger voltage of the Z-axis reference point and synchronously writes it to the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; so that the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81 complete the setting of the reference points of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the position coordinate 33;

步骤17,该热变量其基准点(或该相交零点)定义:如图23与图24所示,该自动控制器5各以一垂直线(vertical line)正交于该主光线21的该基准坐标23与该反射线31的该位置坐标33,且各垂直线将该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33相互正交投影于该直角三角座1的斜边构成转换为该相交零点的该立体坐标14,并以该立体坐标14的作为该数控工具机8的热变量的量测基准点。Step 17, the reference point (or the intersection zero point) of the thermal variable is defined: as shown in Figures 23 and 24, the automatic controller 5 uses a vertical line to be orthogonal to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31, and each vertical line projects the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 orthogonally to each other on the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle 1 to form the three-dimensional coordinate 14 converted into the intersection zero point, and the three-dimensional coordinate 14 is used as the measurement reference point of the thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8.

使用该标准棒6于该测量空间22得到的该基准坐标23,再于该复向量空间32得到该位置坐标33后;可执行下列步骤:After obtaining the reference coordinates 23 in the measurement space 22 using the standard rod 6 and obtaining the position coordinates 33 in the complex vector space 32, the following steps may be performed:

步骤21,该标准棒6的一标准值建立:如图25、图27至图29所示,该自动控制器5先自行设定该标准棒6的一标准径向量63与该中心点65,其后,使该自动控制器5驱动该标准棒6的该中心点65以一渐进运动移至该直角三角座1的该基准坐标23(或该位置坐标33)其一上侧相对位置进行垂直位移触发与一圆周运动(circular motion)触发,并通过该阴影面积61的左侧、右侧以及底侧触发该坐标原点41以产生一标准轴向量62(X轴断面宽度(section width)与Y轴断面宽度)与一标准径向量63(Z轴断面高度(section height)),其后该自动控制器5输入该标准轴向量62与该标准径向量63相对于该基准坐标23(或该位置坐标33)建立一校准曲线,将该标准轴向量62、该标准径向量63以及该校准曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为往后量测与比较依据的一标准值;Step 21, establishing a standard value of the standard rod 6: As shown in FIGS. 25, 27 to 29, the automatic controller 5 first automatically sets a standard radial value 63 and the center point 65 of the standard rod 6, and then drives the center point 65 of the standard rod 6 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the right triangle seat 1 in a progressive motion, and performs vertical displacement triggering and circular motion triggering at an upper relative position thereof, and triggers the coordinate origin 41 through the left, right and bottom sides of the shaded area 61 to generate a standard axis vector 62 (X-axis section width and Y-axis section width) and a standard radial value 63 (Z-axis section height). height), then the automatic controller 5 inputs the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63 to establish a calibration curve relative to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), and stores the standard axis vector 62, the standard radial quantity 63 and the calibration curve in the storage type public variable 51 as a standard value for subsequent measurement and comparison;

步骤22,该未加工刀具7的一初始值建立:如图26、图30至图32所示,该自动控制器5先自行设定一未加工刀具7的一原点坐标74与一工作坐标75,其后,使该自动控制器5驱动该未加工刀具7的该工作坐标75以一渐进运动移至该直角三角座1的该基准坐标23(或该位置坐标33)其一上侧相对位置进行垂直位移触发(如图27所示)与该圆周运动触发(如图29与图30所示),并通过该有效横断面积71的左侧、右侧以及底侧触发该坐标原点41以产生一刀具轴向量72(X轴断面宽度与Y轴断面宽度)与一刀具径向量73(Z轴断面高度,其后该自动控制器5输入该刀具轴向量72与该刀具径向量73相对于该基准坐标23(或该位置坐标33)建立一截面曲线,将该刀具轴向量72、该刀具径向量73、该原点坐标74、该工作坐标75以及该截面曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为往后量测与比较依据的一初始值,该自动控制器5对该标准值与该初始值进行一误差分析即可得到一相对差,因该标准棒6的标准轴向量62和该标准径向量63为已知固定值,亦即使该刀具轴向量72和该刀具径向量73再与该标准轴向量62和该标准径向量63比较,比较后得到的该相对差可推算量测该未加工刀具7的一刀长与一刀径,并将该刀长与该刀径的信息更新于该保存型公用变量51中;Step 22, establishing an initial value of the unprocessed tool 7: as shown in FIGS. 26, 30 to 32, the automatic controller 5 first automatically sets an origin coordinate 74 and a working coordinate 75 of the unprocessed tool 7, and then drives the working coordinate 75 of the unprocessed tool 7 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the right-angled triangle seat 1 in a progressive motion, and performs vertical displacement triggering (as shown in FIG. 27) and circular motion triggering (as shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30) on an upper relative position thereof, and triggers the coordinate origin 41 through the left side, right side and bottom side of the effective cross-sectional area 71 to generate a tool axis vector 72 (X-axis section width and Y-axis section width) and a tool radial amount 73 (Z-axis section height, and then the automatic controller 5 inputs the tool axis vector 72 and The tool radial quantity 73 establishes a cross-sectional curve relative to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), and the tool axis vector 72, the tool radial quantity 73, the origin coordinate 74, the working coordinate 75 and the cross-sectional curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as an initial value for subsequent measurement and comparison. The automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value to obtain a relative difference. Since the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63 of the standard rod 6 are known fixed values, even if the tool axis vector 72 and the tool radial quantity 73 are compared with the standard axis vector 62 and the standard radial quantity 63, the relative difference obtained after the comparison can be used to infer and measure a tool length and a tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7, and the information of the tool length and the tool diameter is updated in the storage type public variable 51;

步骤23,该加工刀具9的一测量值建立:如图33至图36所示,当一加工刀具9开始加工一段时间后会形成刀具磨耗或形成刀具损坏,因该加工刀具9与该未加工刀具7为相同一把刀具,当该控制装置81于加工过程中定时(timing)驱动该加工刀具9以一工作坐标75对准该基准坐标23与/或该位置坐标33并于该象限传感器4形成一有效面积91,其后,使该自动控制器5输入该有效面积91则各自测得变动后的一磨耗轴向量92与/或一磨耗径向量93以建立一磨耗曲线,将该磨耗轴向量92、该磨耗径向量93以及该磨耗曲线储存在该保存型公用变量51以作为一测量值,该自动控制器5对该初始值与该测量值进行一误差分析即可得到一长宽比、一长宽比与/或一偏移比,该长宽比或该偏移比即得到该加工刀具9的一刀长与/或一刀径的一差分,该差分包含一轴向差分94与/或一径向差分95,该差分由该校正装置52传输至该控制装置81重新设定该加工刀具9的该工作坐标75以进行刀具补偿(cutter compensation)与/或一刀具半径补偿或偏移。该加工刀具9的容许值可以是依照使用者自己加工需求的,设定一刀具断折的断面缩减率(percentage reduction ofarea)、一刀具磨耗(tool wear)的容许值,以及一刀具偏摆的径向偏转(radialdeflection)、偏摇(yawing)、负偏(negatively skewed)、高低偏差(deviation of thevertical)、径向偏差(radial deviation)、瞬间偏差(transient deviation)的容许值;若该校正装置52检测到该轴向差分94或该径向差分95超过使用者所设定的容许值,该自动控制器5会显示异警讯息,提醒用户此加工刀具9有断折或偏摆过大的现象发生,避免使用者再使用该加工刀具9进行加工造成加工精度不佳。Step 23, a measurement value of the processing tool 9 is established: as shown in FIGS. 33 to 36 , when a processing tool 9 starts processing for a period of time, tool wear or tool damage will occur. Since the processing tool 9 and the unprocessed tool 7 are the same tool, when the control device 81 drives the processing tool 9 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 with a working coordinate 75 during the processing and forms an effective area 91 in the quadrant sensor 4, the automatic controller 5 inputs the effective area 91 and respectively measures a wear axis vector 92 and/or a wear radial amount 92 after the change. 3 to establish a wear curve, the wear axis vector 92, the wear radial amount 93 and the wear curve are stored in the storage type public variable 51 as a measurement value, the automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measurement value to obtain an aspect ratio, an aspect ratio and/or an offset ratio, the aspect ratio or the offset ratio is a difference of a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the machining tool 9, the difference includes an axial difference 94 and/or a radial difference 95, the difference is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the working coordinate 75 of the machining tool 9 to perform cutter compensation and/or a tool radius compensation or offset. The allowable value of the machining tool 9 can be set according to the user's own machining requirements, such as a percentage reduction of area for tool breakage, an allowable value for tool wear, and an allowable value for radial deflection, yawing, negatively skewed, deviation of the vertical, radial deviation, and transient deviation of the tool runout. If the correction device 52 detects that the axial differential 94 or the radial differential 95 exceeds the allowable value set by the user, the automatic controller 5 will display an abnormal warning message to remind the user that the machining tool 9 is broken or has excessive runout, so as to prevent the user from using the machining tool 9 for machining again and causing poor machining accuracy.

本发明量测装置的特点为可同时进行该数控工具机8上的三线性轴的该热变量(热变形(hot deformation)、热变位)的量测程序,量测时至少一刀具检测器能设置于该床台的任一象限角(quadrant angle)位置、或任二象限角位置以不相邻的对角线设置,而本发明规划会有量测式与触发式的两种功能:The characteristic of the measuring device of the present invention is that the measuring procedure of the thermal variables (hot deformation, thermal displacement) of the three linear axes on the CNC machine tool 8 can be performed simultaneously. During the measurement, at least one tool detector can be set at any quadrant angle position of the bed, or any two quadrant angle positions can be set in non-adjacent diagonal lines. The present invention is planned to have two functions: measuring type and triggering type:

步骤31,热变量的量测的直接量测式功能:该自动控制器5启动开发的直接量测式的量测程序后,该数控工具机8会自动换刀换成热变量进行量测所用的该标准棒6,并开启量测模式,如图37所示,该数控工具机8依序移动该标准棒6以该基线64进行圆周运动(circular motion)触发至该主光线21的该基准坐标23与该反射线31的该位置坐标33,该标准棒6并遮挡该象限传感器4的该受光面积42,以该基线64移动直到与该坐标原点41重合,此时,该自动控制器5分别记录下该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33相互正交投影的该立体坐标14的初始值Dx1与Dy1。纪录完初始值Dx1与Dy1,该数控工具机8上升至该旋转轴最高处开始旋转暖机,旋转第一时间(例如:五分钟)后,该数控工具机8再次进行量测程序,再开启量测模式,该数控工具机8依序移至该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33热变形(thermaldeformation)或热变动(heat fluctuation)后的一热变量,暖机后该自动控制器5分别记录该立体坐标14的第一次位移值Dx2与Dy2。Dx1与Dx2差值即为X轴方向第一时间(例如:五分钟)暖机后的该热变量;Dy1与Dy2差值即为Y轴方向第一时间(例如:五分钟)暖机后的该热变量,再于第二时间(例如:十分钟)后重复一次上述暖机与量测的动作,该自动控制器5再次记录该立体坐标14的第二次位移值Dx3与Dy3,Dx1与Dx3差值即为X轴方向第二时间(例如:十分钟)暖机后的该热变量;Dy1与Dy3差值即为Y轴方向第二时间(例如:十分钟)暖机后的该热变量,后续该数控工具机8的该热变量依此法继续量测获得。本发明的该自动控制器5将会记录三轴热变量的量测数值即可得N+1个该立体坐标14(热变数量测(thermalvariables measurement))、N+2个该立体坐标14、N+3个该立体坐标14,并通过一联机(connecting line)(或一网络(network))输出N+1个该立体坐标14、N+2个该立体坐标14、N+3个该立体坐标14至该控制装置81,本发明也将开发对应的软件纪录多次该热变量的数值,提供给该数控工具机8厂商使用。Step 31, direct measurement function for measuring thermal variables: After the automatic controller 5 starts the developed direct measurement program, the CNC machine tool 8 will automatically change the tool to the standard rod 6 used for measuring thermal variables and start the measurement mode. As shown in FIG37 , the CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 to perform circular motion with the baseline 64 to trigger the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. At this time, the automatic controller 5 respectively records the initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the stereo coordinate 14 of the orthogonal projection of the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33. After recording the initial values Dx1 and Dy1, the CNC machine tool 8 rises to the highest point of the rotating axis and starts to rotate and warm up. After rotating for the first time (for example, five minutes), the CNC machine tool 8 performs the measurement procedure again and then turns on the measurement mode. The CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves to a thermal variable after thermal deformation (thermal deformation) or heat fluctuation (heat fluctuation) of the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33. After warming up, the automatic controller 5 respectively records the first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate 14. The difference between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal variable after the first warm-up time (for example, five minutes) in the X-axis direction; the difference between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal variable after the first warm-up time (for example, five minutes) in the Y-axis direction. The warm-up and measurement actions are repeated after the second time (for example, ten minutes). The automatic controller 5 records the second displacement values Dx3 and Dy3 of the three-dimensional coordinate 14 again. The difference between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal variable after the second warm-up time (for example, ten minutes) in the X-axis direction; the difference between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal variable after the second warm-up time (for example, ten minutes) in the Y-axis direction. The thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 is subsequently measured and obtained in this way. The automatic controller 5 of the present invention will record the measured values of the three-axis thermal variables to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14 (thermal variables measurement), N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and output the N+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, N+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and N+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14 to the control device 81 through a connecting line (or a network). The present invention will also develop corresponding software to record the values of the thermal variables multiple times and provide them to the manufacturer of the CNC machine tool 8 for use.

步骤32,热变量的量测的触发式功能:如图38所示,该自动控制器5启动开发的触发式量测程序后,该数控工具机8会自动换刀换成热变量进行量测所用的该标准棒6,并开启量测模式,该数控工具机8依序移动该标准棒6以该基线64至该主光线21的该基准坐标23与该反射线31的该位置坐标33,该标准棒6并遮挡该象限传感器4的该受光面积42,以该基线64移动直到与该坐标原点41重合,该主光线21首先于Z轴方向进行触发,该自动控制器5纪录该数控工具机8的Z轴坐标Z1,再分别从该主光线21左右两侧进行触发,两侧触发位置可以让该自动控制器5计算得Y轴坐标Yc;而在该刀具检测器该反射线31的量测模式亦同,于该反射线31的Z轴方向触发后,分别再从该反射线31左右两侧进行触发两侧,触发位置可以让该自动控制器5计算得X轴坐标Xc,此时可得到该立体坐标14(Xc1,Yc1,Z1)。该数控工具机8上升至该旋转轴最高处开始旋转暖机,旋转第一时间(例如:五分钟)后,该数控工具机8再于第二时间(例如:十分钟)进行量测程序,开启量测模式,重复上述的量测动作,该自动控制器5计算得第二个该立体坐标14(Xc2,Yc2,Z2),Xc1与Xc2的差值、Yc1与Yc2的差值、Z1与Z2的差值分别为第一时间(例如:五分钟)暖机后的X轴、Y轴、Z轴的该热变量。持续于第三时间(例如:十五分钟)重复此量测动作,该自动控制器5计算得第三个该立体坐标14(Xc3,Yc3,Z3),Xc1与Xc3的差值、Yc1与Yc3的差值、Z1与Z3的差值分别为第二时间(例如:十分钟)暖机后的X轴、Y轴、Z轴的该热变量。后续该数控工具机8的该热变量依此法继续得到,该数控工具机8可随时于该标准棒6量测过程中并加上该热变量的量测,即使该自动控制器5通过该联机(或该网络)输出至该控制装置81,使该控制装置81可随时补偿该数控工具机8当下的该热变量误差。Step 32, trigger function of measuring thermal variables: As shown in FIG. 38 , after the automatic controller 5 starts the developed trigger measurement program, the CNC machine tool 8 automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6 used for measuring thermal variables, and starts the measurement mode. The CNC machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected line 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. The main light ray 21 First, trigger in the Z-axis direction, and the automatic controller 5 records the Z-axis coordinate Z1 of the CNC machine tool 8, and then trigger from the left and right sides of the main light 21 respectively. The triggering positions on both sides allow the automatic controller 5 to calculate the Y-axis coordinate Yc; and the measurement mode of the reflection line 31 of the tool detector is the same. After triggering in the Z-axis direction of the reflection line 31, trigger from the left and right sides of the reflection line 31 respectively. The triggering positions allow the automatic controller 5 to calculate the X-axis coordinate Xc, and now the three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc1, Yc1, Z1) can be obtained. The CNC machine tool 8 rises to the highest point of the rotating axis and starts to rotate and warm up. After rotating for a first time (e.g., five minutes), the CNC machine tool 8 performs a measurement procedure for a second time (e.g., ten minutes), starts the measurement mode, and repeats the above-mentioned measurement action. The automatic controller 5 calculates the second three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc2, Yc2, Z2). The difference between Xc1 and Xc2, the difference between Yc1 and Yc2, and the difference between Z1 and Z2 are the thermal variables of the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis after the first time (e.g., five minutes) of warming up. Repeating this measurement action for a third time (e.g., fifteen minutes), the automatic controller 5 calculates the third three-dimensional coordinate 14 (Xc3, Yc3, Z3). The difference between Xc1 and Xc3, the difference between Yc1 and Yc3, and the difference between Z1 and Z3 are the thermal variables of the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis after the second time (e.g., ten minutes) of warming up. Subsequently, the thermal variable of the CNC machine tool 8 is obtained in this way. The CNC machine tool 8 can add the measurement of the thermal variable at any time during the measurement process of the standard rod 6, even if the automatic controller 5 outputs it to the control device 81 through the connection (or the network), so that the control device 81 can compensate for the current thermal variable error of the CNC machine tool 8 at any time.

本发明能应用于该数控工具机8的该旋转轴与立柱倾角(angle of inclination)量测,量测时至少一刀具检测器能设置于该床台的任一象限角(quadrant angle)位置、或任二象限角位置以不相邻的对角线设置、或每一象限角位置各设置一刀具检测器,其量测程序会有以下功能:The present invention can be applied to the measurement of the angle of inclination of the rotating axis and the column of the CNC machine tool 8. During the measurement, at least one tool detector can be set at any quadrant angle position of the bed, or any two quadrant angle positions can be set in a non-adjacent diagonal line, or a tool detector can be set at each quadrant angle position. The measurement program has the following functions:

步骤41,旋转轴与立柱倾角量测式量测:该自动控制器5启动量测模式后,该数控工具机8会自动换刀换成该标准棒6,该数控工具机8依序移动该标准棒6以该基线64至该主光线21的该基准坐标23与该反射线31的该位置坐标33,该标准棒6并遮挡该象限传感器4的该受光面积42,以该基线64移动直到与该坐标原点41重合,在该象限传感器4的多个光电传感器44之间的多数个已知角度处使用该自动控制器5来获取该光讯号同时处理该光讯号以获得该磨耗曲线,此时该校正装置52会以该校准曲线使用一非线性回归算法计算出该标准棒6位于该基准坐标23与该位置坐标33的倾角且形成于该象限传感器4的该磨耗曲线,以获取该磨耗曲线的角度。如图39所示,当该旋转轴头无倾角误差(dip error)时,则该自动控制器5会计算出图39的VB-VD=0并透过网络接头输出,当有倾角误差时则会输出如图40的(VB-VD)的磨耗曲线与图41的(VD-VA)的磨耗曲线的结果。其后该自动控制器5进行该校正曲线与该磨耗曲线的数值计算(numerical calculation),即可得到A、B、D三个象限的各该光电传感器44形成电压变化(change of voltage)的一相对差。其中,该自动控制器5进行在进行计算时,如C象限的该光电传感器44有电压变化,则C象限的该光电传感器44代表量测到切削液。Step 41, measuring the inclination angle of the rotating shaft and the column: after the automatic controller 5 starts the measuring mode, the CNC machine tool 8 will automatically change the tool to the standard rod 6, and the CNC machine tool 8 will sequentially move the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected light ray 31. The standard rod 6 also blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. The automatic controller 5 is used to obtain the light signal at a plurality of known angles between the plurality of photoelectric sensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4, and the light signal is processed to obtain the wear curve. At this time, the calibration device 52 will use a nonlinear regression algorithm to calculate the inclination angle of the standard rod 6 at the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 and the wear curve formed on the quadrant sensor 4 to obtain the angle of the wear curve. As shown in FIG39, when the rotating shaft head has no dip error, the automatic controller 5 will calculate VB-VD=0 in FIG39 and output it through the network connector. When there is a dip error, the wear curve (VB-VD) in FIG40 and the wear curve (VD-VA) in FIG41 will be output. Thereafter, the automatic controller 5 performs numerical calculations of the calibration curve and the wear curve to obtain a relative difference in the voltage change of each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, and D. When the automatic controller 5 performs the calculation, if the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant has a voltage change, the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant represents that the cutting fluid is measured.

步骤42,旋转轴与立柱倾角触发式量测:触发式的量测规划使用于大型龙门五轴数控工具机量测,该自动控制器5启动量测模式后,该龙门五轴数控工具机会自动换刀换成该标准棒6,该龙门五轴数控工具机依序移动该标准棒6以该基线64至该主光线21的该基准坐标23与该反射线31的该位置坐标33,该标准棒6并遮蔽该象限传感器4的该受光面积42,以该基线64移动直到与该坐标原点41重合,在该主光线21的该基准坐标23,龙门五轴数控工具机的A轴做角度的工具参照点(TCP)旋转转动以进行一位置分析(positionanalysis),当该自动控制器5获取该光讯号同时计算此位置倾角为0度时便停止并记录此时的位置(position),从此位置与该基准坐标23位置,可以推算出Y轴倾角。该位置坐标33同该基准坐标23,该标准棒6移动至该反射线31的该位置坐标33,A轴做缓慢的摆动(swing),当该自动控制器5计算此位置倾角为0度时便停止并记录此时的位置,从此位置与该位置坐标33位置,可以推算出X轴倾角。其计算方式如同步骤41。Step 42, trigger-type measurement of the inclination of the rotation axis and the column: The trigger-type measurement plan is used for measurement of a large gantry five-axis CNC machine tool. After the automatic controller 5 starts the measurement mode, the gantry five-axis CNC machine tool automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6. The gantry five-axis CNC machine tool sequentially moves the standard rod 6 with the baseline 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31. The standard rod 6 also shields the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 and moves with the baseline 64 until it coincides with the coordinate origin 41. At the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21, the tool reference point (TCP) of the A-axis of the gantry five-axis CNC machine tool rotates to perform a position analysis. When the automatic controller 5 obtains the optical signal and calculates that the inclination of this position is 0 degrees, it stops and records the position at this time. From this position and the position of the reference coordinate 23, the Y-axis inclination can be calculated. The position coordinate 33 is the same as the reference coordinate 23. The standard rod 6 moves to the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31, and the A axis swings slowly. When the automatic controller 5 calculates that the position angle is 0 degrees, it stops and records the position at this time. From this position and the position coordinate 33, the X axis angle can be calculated. The calculation method is the same as step 41.

综上所述,本发明不但在空间型态上确属创新,并能较现有技术增进上述多项功能,应已充分符合新颖性及创造性的法定发明专利要件,因此提出申请,恳请贵局核准本件发明专利申请案,以励发明,至感德便。In summary, the present invention is not only innovative in terms of spatial form, but also can enhance the above-mentioned multiple functions compared to the prior art. It should have fully met the statutory invention patent requirements of novelty and creativity. Therefore, I submit this application and sincerely request your office to approve this invention patent application to encourage inventions. I would be grateful.

在此说明书中,本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是,很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此,说明书和附图应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is apparent that various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims (5)

1. A tool detector, the tool detector being provided on a bed of a numerical control machine tool having at least one rotary shaft, a tri-linear shaft, and a control device, comprising:
the right-angle triangle seat is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, wherein the first angle position is provided with a light source for emitting a main light ray and then the main light ray is incident to a plane mirror arranged at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflection line to be incident to a coordinate origin of the symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position so as to generate a light receiving area, and the quadrant sensor is arranged by adopting a diagonal method, namely, a coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated relative to the coordinate origin by an inclination angle to be arranged at the third angle position;
An automatic controller is composed of a storage type common variable and a correction unit, and is characterized by that the control unit drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on the quadrant sensor, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a measuring space of the main ray to define a reference coordinate, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a complex vector space of the reflecting ray to define a position coordinate, and at the same time makes the automatic controller to orthogonally project the reference coordinate and the position coordinate to the hypotenuse of the rectangular triangle base to form a three-dimensional coordinate for being converted into an intersecting zero point, and then the control unit repeatedly drives the standard rod to the reference coordinate and the position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates, and uses N+1 three-dimensional coordinates as the measurement of a thermal variable of the numerical control tool.
2. The tool detector of claim 1 wherein said standard bar aligns said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with a center point of a base line and establishes a standard axis vector and a standard diameter vector with each of said shadow areas and inputs said automatic controller to establish a standard value, after which said control means drives a raw tool again to align said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with an operating coordinate and measures them, and establishes a tool axis vector, a tool diameter vector and an origin coordinate with each of said position coordinates with an effective cross-sectional area and inputs said automatic controller to establish an initial value, said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said standard axis vector and said initial value to obtain a relative difference, said relative difference being a tool length of said raw tool and a tool diameter, at the same time, said raw tool forms a tool wear or forms a tool damage after a period of time begins to process, said raw tool and said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said initial value by a measured value and said error vector, said automatic controller performs an abrasion sensor to obtain a measured value when said measured value is said tool length of said tool is identical to said tool diameter vector and said initial value, the difference is transmitted to the control device by the correction device to reset the working coordinates of the processing tool or a tool radius compensation or offset to be used as the tool length and tool radius measurement and compensation of the processing tool.
3. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of two identical photoelectric sensors having identical areas and identical photoelectric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photoelectric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.
4. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of four identical photo-electric sensors having identical areas and identical photo-electric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photo-electric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.
5. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the nc machine sequentially moves the standard bar to trigger the standard bar to perform circular motion with a base line until the reference coordinates of the principal ray and the position coordinates of the reflection ray are reached, the standard bar shields the light receiving area of the quadrant sensor, moves with the base line until the standard bar coincides with the origin of coordinates, causes the automatic controller to record initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference coordinates and the position coordinates, respectively, records the initial values Dx1 and Dy1, and starts to rotate and warm up when the nc machine is lifted to the highest position of the rotation axis, and performs the measurement procedure again after the first time of rotation, and then starting a measurement mode, sequentially moving the numerical control machine tool to a thermal variable after thermal deformation or thermal movement of the reference coordinate and the position coordinate, wherein after the numerical control machine tool is warmed up, the automatic controller respectively records first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate, the difference value between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the X-axis direction, the difference value between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the Y-axis direction, the above-mentioned warming up and measurement actions are repeated once again after the second time, and the difference value between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the second time of the X-axis direction, and the difference value between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal variable after the warm up in the second time of the Y-axis direction.
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