CN114800038B

CN114800038B - Tool detector

Info

Publication number: CN114800038B
Application number: CN202110126083.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘建宏; 蔡佳融; 柯佩岑
Original assignee: Leiying Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Leiying Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-29
Filing date: 2021-01-29
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-29
Also published as: CN114800038A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool detector, which mainly comprises a right-angle triangular base and an automatic controller; the right-angle triangle base uses a light source to emit a main light ray and then the main light ray is incident on a plane mirror, and the plane mirror generates a reflection line and then the reflection line is incident on a quadrant sensor to generate a light receiving area; the automatic controller is used for measuring the length and the diameter of the cutter, the control device firstly establishes a standard value by the standard rod, then drives a non-processing cutter again to establish an initial value, simultaneously drives a processing cutter to establish a measured value, and the automatic controller performs error analysis on the initial value and the measured value to obtain a difference between the length and/or the diameter of the processing cutter, so as to be used for measuring the length and the diameter of the processing cutter and measuring and compensating the thermal variables of the rotating shaft and the three-dimensional common measuring and compensating of the three-linear shaft.

Description

Tool detector

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tool detectors, in particular to a tool detector which can provide uniformity and stability of the main light ray and the reflection line in the measurement space and the complex vector space and is easy to adjust and correct.

Background

The existing optical measuring device and method for measuring the position of an object on a machine, such as the patent application CN1202403C, is mainly characterized in that: a light source for generating a light beam; a detector for receiving the light beam and generating a signal when the light beam is blocked; wherein the detector is for: generating a detection signal when a light beam emitted from the light source and incident on the detector is blocked; providing a first time interval when generating a first detection signal; providing a second time interval, wherein the second time interval is less than the first time interval and occurs at the end of the first time interval; and an output signal is issued if another detection signal is present in the detector during the second time interval.

Regarding related art of tool detectors, such as the problems of publication nos. CN101751001A, CN102029554A, CN102672534A, CN104191310A, CN104907889A, CN109202535A, CN110666590A, CN111001829A, CN205799098U, DE102007006306A1, EP2340914A1, EP2340914A1, JP2010162686A, JP2011143488A, JPH0550362A, JPH05162049A, JPH05245743A, JPS6294209A, TW534976B, TW200810872A, TW201002469A, TW201028242A, TW201416165A, TW201531391A, TW201831262, TWI283616, TWI291395, TWI387507, TWI473681, TWI476066, TWI548500, TWM515928, US6496273B1, US2008069434A1, WO0138822A1, the system architecture of the present invention is simple, and the tool can be measured in a rotating state and wear and damage of the tool can be accurately detected, which is quite practical.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool detector that is more versatile, reproducible, smaller, more efficient, more accurate, stable and scalable than conventional metrology tools.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool detector that reduces maintenance, reduces power usage and process floor area.

The tool detector capable of achieving the above object comprises:

the right-angle triangle seat is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, wherein the first angle position is provided with a light source for emitting a main light ray and then the main light ray is incident to a plane mirror arranged at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflection line which is incident to a coordinate origin of the symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position to generate a light receiving area, the quadrant sensor is arranged by adopting a diagonal method, namely, a coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated relative to the coordinate origin to be arranged at the third angle position;

an automatic controller is composed of a storage type common variable and a corrector, and is characterized by that said controller drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on said quadrant sensor, and uses said shadow area to project in a measuring space of said main ray in multi-dimensional direction to define a reference coordinate, and uses said shadow area to project in a complex vector space of said reflecting ray in multi-dimensional direction to define a position coordinate, at the same time makes said automatic controller to make said reference coordinate and said position coordinate orthogonally project on the hypotenuse of said rectangular triangle base to form a three-dimensional coordinate for converting it into an intersecting zero point, then said controller repeatedly drives said standard rod to said reference coordinate and said position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 said three-dimensional coordinates, and uses N+1 said three-dimensional coordinates as the measurement of a thermal variable of said digital control tool.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top perspective view of a tool detector of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the optical path of the tool detector.

Fig. 3A and 3B are schematic views of the quadrant sensor.

Fig. 4 is a system flow diagram of the tool detector.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the standard rod.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the green tool.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the transmission of optical signals between the quadrant sensor and the reserved common variable.

Fig. 8 is a process flow diagram of the automatic controller.

Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of the definition of the X-axis reference point of the chief ray.

Fig. 11 to 13 are schematic views of the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the chief ray.

Fig. 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams of the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the chief ray.

Fig. 16 and 17 are schematic diagrams of the definition of the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line.

Fig. 18 to 20 are schematic diagrams of the definition of the X-axis reference point of the reflection line.

Fig. 21 and 22 are schematic diagrams of the definition of the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line.

Fig. 23 and 24 are schematic diagrams of the thermal displacement with reference points or the intersection zero point definition.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a standard value setup for the standard rod.

Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of an initial value set up for the green tool.

FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of the standard rod performing vertical displacement triggering to set a standard diameter vector.

Fig. 28 and 29 are schematic diagrams of the standard rod performing circular motion triggering to set standard axis vectors.

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the vertical displacement triggering of the green tool to set the origin coordinates, working coordinates and tool radius vector.

Fig. 31 and 32 are schematic diagrams of the green tool performing circular motion triggering to set the tool axis vector.

Fig. 33 to 36 are schematic diagrams of a measurement setup of the machining tool.

FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram of a direct measurement function for measuring thermal variables.

FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a trigger function for measuring thermal quantities.

Fig. 39 to 41 are schematic views of the sensor for measuring the inclination angle of the rotation axis and the column, and displaying the measured inclination angle in the quadrant sensor.

Drawings

1. Right-angle triangle base

11. First angular position

12 second angular position

13 third angular position

14 three-dimensional coordinates

15 current conversion voltage circuit

16 low pass filter

17 reverse amplifier

2. Light source

21. Chief ray

22 measurement space

23 reference coordinates

3. Plane mirror

31. Reflection line

Space of 32 complex vectors

33 position coordinates

4. Quadrant sensor

41. Origin of coordinates

42 light receiving area

43 dividing line

44 photoelectric sensor

5. Automatic controller

51. Preserving type public variable

52 correction device

53A/D converter

54. Power supply circuit

6. Standard bar

61. Shadow area

62 standard axis vector

63 standard diameter vector

64 baseline

65. Center point

7. Raw cutting tool

71. Effective cross-sectional area

72 axial extent of tool

73 tool diameter vector

74 origin coordinates

75. Working coordinates

8. Numerical control machine tool

81. Control device

9. Machining tool

91. Effective area of

92 abrasion axis vector

93 abrasion diameter vector

94 axial difference

95 radial differential

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the at least one tool detector provided by the present invention is disposed at any position on a table of a nc machine tool 8 (numerical control machine tool) having at least one rotation axis, a tri-linear axis and a control device 81, or a pair of corner points (corner points) on the table, or a diagonal matrix (diagonal matrix) on the table, and mainly comprises: a right-angle triangle base 1 (right triangle seat) and an automatic controller 5 (automatic controller);

the rectangular triangle base 1 is provided with a first angular position 11 (first angular position), a second angular position 12 (second angular position) and a third angular position 13 (third angular position), wherein the first angular position 11 is provided with a light source 2 (light source) to emit a main light ray 21 (light ray) and then incident on a plane mirror 3 (plane mirror) arranged at the second angular position 12, the plane mirror 3 generates a reflection line 31 (reflection line) to be incident on a coordinate origin 41 (origin of coordinate) of a symmetry center (center of symmetry) of a quadrant sensor 4 (quadrant detectors) at the third angular position 13 to generate a light receiving area 42 (receiving area), and the quadrant sensor 4 is arranged by adopting a diagonal method (diagonal method), i.e. a coordinate axis or a division line 43 of the quadrant sensor 4 is rotated counterclockwise (or clockwise) relative to the coordinate origin 41 by an inclination angle to be arranged at the third angular position 13; the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of one or two or four photosensors 44 (photoelectric sensor) having the same area and the same photoelectric property. The plane mirror 3 is a beam splitter (beam splitter), or a reflecting mirror (reflecting mirror). The reflection line 31 can be a refractive ray (refractive ray) or a refractive ray (refractive ray).

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the quadrant sensor 4 of the right triangle seat 1 is a common positive circuit, and needs to include a current conversion voltage circuit 15 to convert the current signal of the light receiving area 42 into a voltage signal, and add the capacitance in the circuit to achieve a low pass filter 16 (lowpass filter) and an inverting amplifier 17 (reversing amplifier), the low pass filter 16 can control the rapid change and stabilization of the voltage signal, amplify the output voltage signal and input the amplified signal to an analog-digital converter 53 of the automatic controller 5, and a power circuit 54 supplies the power to the automatic controller 5, so that the automatic controller 5 automatically executes the input procedure of the analog-digital converter 53 to perform the calculation of the required measurement function.

The automatic controller 5 comprises a preserving common variable 51 (conserved common variable) and a correction device 52 (correcting unit), firstly, the control device 81 drives the standard rod 6 to form a shadow area 61 (shading area) on the quadrant sensor 4, and projects (projection) a reference coordinate 23 (reference coordinates) on a measuring space 22 (measurement space) of the main light ray 21 in a multi-dimensional direction (multidimensional direction) in the shadow area 61 on the main light ray 21 of the measuring space 22, and projects a position coordinate 33 (position coordinate) on a complex vector space 32 (complex vector space) of the reflection line 31 in a multi-dimensional direction on the reflection line 31, and simultaneously, the automatic controller 5 projects (rectangular projection) the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 in a mutually orthogonal direction on the hypotenuse of the rectangular triangle base 1 to form a three-dimensional coordinate 14 (space coordinates) which is converted into an intersecting zero point (cross zero), and then the control device 81 repeatedly projects (time) on a complex vector space 32 (complex vector space) of the reflection line 31 in the multi-dimensional direction on the quadrant sensor 31 to form a three-dimensional coordinate 33 (position coordinate) of the three-dimensional coordinate 14N 1, and three-dimensional coordinates 14 n+14 coordinate 1 of the three-dimensional coordinate 1 and three-dimensional coordinate 14 n+14 of the three-dimensional coordinate 1;

Next, the automatic controller 5 is connected to the standard rod 6 to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in a multi-dimensional direction by a center point 65 (center point) of a base line 64 (datum line) and to project to form a standard axis vector 62 and a standard diameter vector 63 respectively corresponding to the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 and input the automatic controller 5 to establish a calibration curve (calibration curve), the standard axis vector 62, the standard diameter vector 63 and the calibration curve are stored in the stored common variable 51 as a standard value (standard value) of a reference for measurement and comparison afterwards, the control device 81 again drives an unprocessed tool 7 (unprocessed tool) to align the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in a working coordinate 75 and to establish an automatic axis vector 72, a tool vector 73 and an automatic tool vector 73 respectively corresponding to the reference coordinate 33 and input the standard value (standard value) and an initial value (standard value) of a relative error curve (reference value) of a reference for measurement and a standard error (standard value) of a reference curve (standard error) of a reference) 5 are respectively corresponding to the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in an effective cross-sectional area 71 (effective cross sectional area), the control device 81 again drives an unprocessed tool 7 (unprocessed tool) to measure the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 in a working coordinate 75, and an automatic error of a relative error of the standard value (standard value) is obtained by setting an initial value (standard value) of the standard value (standard value) and a standard value of the standard value (standard value) of a reference value (standard value) and a standard error) of a standard error (standard value) is obtained, the relative difference results in a tool length and a tool diameter of the raw tool 7 (as shown in fig. 8);

Meanwhile, when the unprocessed tool 7 starts to process for a period of time, tool wear (tool wear) or tool damage (tool failure) is formed, because a processing tool 9 is the same as the unprocessed tool 7, when the control device 81 drives the processing tool 9 to align with the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 at a working coordinate 75 during the process, and an effective area 91 (effective area) is formed in the quadrant sensor 4, then, the automatic controller 5 inputs an abrasion axis vector 92 and/or an abrasion diameter vector 93 after each change to establish a abrasion curve (tractrix curve), storing the wear axis vector 92, the wear diameter vector 93 and the wear curve in the stored common variable 51 as a measured value (measured value), the automatic controller 5 performing an error analysis on the initial value and the measured value to obtain an aspect ratio (aspect ratio), an aspect ratio and/or an offset ratio (offset ratio), the aspect ratio or the offset ratio obtaining a difference (difference) between a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the machining tool 9, the difference comprising an axial difference 94 and/or a radial difference 95, the axial difference 94 being transmitted by the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the zero offset (zero offset) of the working coordinate 75 of the machining tool 9, the radial difference 95 is transmitted from the correction device 52 to the control device 81 to reset the tool radius compensation or error compensation (error compensation) of the offset (tool radius compensation or offset) of the machining tool 9 as a three-dimensional co-measurement and compensation of the tool length and tool diameter measurements of the machining tool 9, the thermal variables of the rotating and tri-linear axes.

The tool detector can be integrated with the nc machine tool 8 (integrated control), the tool detector must be connected with the automatic controller 5 with various measuring program functions (connect), the purpose is to perform integrated calculation with the control device 81 mounted on the nc machine tool 8 (integrated computation), the automatic controller 5 can write the special program for automatically measuring the tool length and tool diameter of the unprocessed tool 7 and the processed tool 9, measuring and compensating the thermal variables of the rotating shaft and the three-wire shaft, and automatically compensating the thermal variables of the rotating shaft and the three-wire shaft on the nc machine tool 8. In order to make the user easily get on hand, the automatic controller 5 is connected to a connection line (or a network) so as to enable remote development and operation. The reference coordinates 23 (fig. 9-15) and the position coordinates 33 (fig. 16-22) of the tool detector must be set before measurement, and the standard axis vector, the standard diameter vector and the standard value of the standard rod are obtained (obtain) by searching the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 in a multi-dimensional direction on the three-axis (or five-axis) of the numerically controlled machine tool 8 by using the standard rod 6; (b) The tool axis vector, the tool diameter vector, the origin coordinates, the working coordinates 75, and the initial value of the raw tool; (c) The wear axis vector, the wear diameter vector, and measurements of the machining tool.

The light source 2 emits the chief ray 21 and generates the reflected ray 31 in the right triangle 1 using a two-dimensional parallel transmission (two-dimensional parallel transmission) arrangement for incidence into the quadrant sensor 4, which arrangement allows the light source 2 to provide a smaller collimated beam (collimater light beam) or a larger collimated beam of the chief ray 21 and the reflected ray 31, which is adjusted according to the size of the effective cross-sectional area 71 projected by the chief ray 21 and the reflected ray 31 by the raw tool 7 as the spot size (spot size) collocated with the light-receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, so that the light source 2 can be effectively utilized and precise measurement of the light-receiving areas 42 and 61 of the intensity of the illuminated areas in the plurality of photosensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4 can be provided. Furthermore, the automatic controller 5 includes a laser driving circuit, the spot size adjustment of the light receiving area 42 can be controlled by the laser driving circuit, the laser driving circuit enables the light source 2 to have proper working wavelength (operation wavelength) and intensity control, and can provide a good quality of the main light beam 21 and the reflected light beam 31, and enable the main light beam 21 and the reflected light beam 31 to have uniformity and stability in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, and the adjustment and correction are easy.

The laser driving circuit is used to control the soft focus point of the main beam 21 and the reflection beam 31 to have moderate divergence, so as to meet the angular power distribution condition of the gaussian beam, that is, to allow the plurality of shadow areas 61 of the standard rod 6 (e.g., (a) the shadow area 61 of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (b) the left shadow area and the right shadow area of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) whose left relative position and right relative position are horizontally shifted to the left shadow area and the right shadow area of the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point), (c) the X-axis reference point (or the Y-axis reference point) whose upper relative position is vertically shifted to the X-axis reference point (or the upper shadow area of the Y-axis reference point) or the effective cross-sectional area 71 of the unprocessed tool 7 to overlap within the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 given by the main beam 21 and the reflection beam 31.

The quadrant sensor 4 of the present invention can be composed of a piece of the photosensor 44, and the photosensor 44 receives the light signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflection line 31 with a centroid coordinate (center of mass coordinate) to generate a total area (total area) of the light receiving area 42;

secondly, the present invention arranges the quadrant sensor 4 by diagonal method (i.e. the coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor 4 is rotated counterclockwise by an inclination angle, preferably 5 degrees to 45 degrees, more preferably more than 10 degrees, still more preferably 15 degrees, particularly preferably 30 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees, relative to the origin of coordinates 41, so as to keep the reflection line 31 perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor 4, so that the quadrant sensor 4 having at least one minute angle line 43 (bisector of an angle) receives the optical signal of the reflection line 31 to generate the light receiving area 42 on the origin of coordinates 41, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the quadrant sensor 4 is composed of two (or four) pieces of the photo sensors 44 having the same area and the same photoelectric property, and at least one minute angle line 43 is formed between each photo sensor 44, and an inclination angle is formed between each minute angle line 43 and a horizontal plane. The present invention is described with four identical photo sensors 44, wherein A, B, C, D represents the photo sensors 44 in the first, second, third and fourth quadrants, respectively, that is, the photo sensors 44 receive the light signal of the main light ray 21 or the reflection line 31 in A, B, C, D four quadrants (or four areas) together to generate the total area (total area) of the light receiving area 42, wherein the light receiving areas 42 of the first, second, third and fourth quadrants are identical to each other and are a quarter area of the light receiving area 42 to jointly form the light receiving area 42;

At this time, if the light receiving area 42 falls on the origin 41 of coordinates of the symmetry center of the quadrant sensor 4, the peak value (peak value) of the photocurrent (photoelectric current) signals output from the four quadrants of the photosensor 44 is completely equal, and the offset of the light receiving area 42 is zero. If the center of the light receiving area 42 is shifted (displaced) from the center of symmetry of the quadrant sensor 4, the four quadrants of the quadrant sensor 4 output photocurrent signals with different peaks due to the light radiation amount. Since the photocurrent is small, the output signals of the photosensors 44 in the four quadrants are amplified by the inverting amplifier 17.

As illustrated in fig. 3A, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in two quadrants (or two areas) of A, B is utilized to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32 by forming the shadow area 61 on the quadrant sensor 4 by using the standard bar 6, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the measured reference points. Then, when the light receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 measured in the two quadrants A, B of the measuring space 22 or the complex vector space 32 of the raw tool 7 forms the effective cross-sectional area 71, and the light receiving area 42 is changed by an area reduction (reduction of area), the automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, calculates a correction curve by a correction curve or calculates a value calculation (numerical calculation) to change the standard value and the initial value, and the light receiving area 42 of each of the two quadrants A, B is reduced by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference of the voltage change (change of voltage) formed by each of the photoelectric sensors 44 in the two quadrants A, B.

As illustrated in fig. 3B, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in A, B, D three quadrants (or three areas) of the four quadrants A, B, C, D is used in combination with the shadow area 61 formed on the quadrant sensor 4 by the standard bar 6 to define the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 of the tool detector in the measurement space 22 and the complex vector space 32, so as to obtain the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the reference coordinates 23 and the position coordinates 33 as the measured reference points. Then, when the area of any one of the photosensors 44, or any two of the photosensors 44, or any three of the photosensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, D, or the area 42 of any one of the photosensors 44 is changed to form the effective cross-sectional area 71 in the measurement space 22 or the complex vector space 32, and the area of the photosensors 42 is simultaneously changed to be reduced, the automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the standard value and the initial value, calculates a correction curve, or calculates the changed area of each of the photosensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, D by a numerical calculation, and reduces the area of each of the photosensors 42 by the effective cross-sectional area 71, so as to obtain a relative difference of the voltage change of each of the photosensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, D.

Unlike the conventional tool detector, which has only one side and cannot measure the axial information parallel to the laser beam, the tool detector has the measuring space 22 and the complex vector space 32 which emit the main beam 21 and generate both sides of the reflection beam 31. In setting, as shown in fig. 1, 5, and 9 to 24, the reference coordinates 23 with the chief ray 21 as a measurement reference and the position coordinates 33 with the reflected ray 31 as a measurement reference are set as follows:

step 11, the X-axis reference point of the chief ray 21 defines: as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the nc machine tool 8 clamps the standard rod 6 by manual control (manual control) or automatic control (automatic control), so that the bottom edge (bottom edge) of the standard rod 6 moves relatively along the longitudinal axis direction (longitudinal direction) in the multi-dimensional direction with a progressive motion (progressive motion) and the center of span (center of span) of the chief ray 21, so that the area (reduction of area) of the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is reduced by the standard rod 6 to form a shadow area 61, and the total area occupied by the shadow area 61 is equal to one half of the total area occupied by the light receiving area 42, so as to define an X-axis reference point (X axis datum point) (or the center of X-axis point (X axis centre point)) of the reference coordinate 23 at which the standard rod 6 is set at the position of the point line segment of the chief ray 21, and the trigger voltage (trigger voltage trigger voltage) of the quadrant sensor 4 output the X-axis reference point is synchronized with the writing controller 5 and the writing controller 81. Wherein the total area occupied by the shadow area 61 is equal to one half of the total area occupied by the light receiving area 42, and is the sum of the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the B quadrant changing to one half, the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the a quadrant changing to zero, and the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the D quadrant changing to one half;

Step 12, defining the Y-axis datum point of the main light ray 21; as shown in fig. 11 to 13, for the nc machine tool 8 to automatically control and clamp the standard rod 6, the left (left edge) and right (right edge) of the standard rod 6 are moved to a left relative position (left relative position) and a right relative position (right relative position) of the X-axis reference point of the chief ray 21 along a transverse axis direction (transverse direction) in the multi-dimensional direction in a progressive motion, so that the area of the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is reduced by the standard rod 6 to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the area occupied by the left shadow area and the right shadow area is equal to one half of the area occupied by the whole of the light receiving area 42, so as to define the position of the point line segment of the left shadow area and the right shadow area that masks the chief ray 21 as a Y-axis reference point (Y axis datum point) (or a Y-axis center point (Y axis centre point)) of the reference coordinate 23, and the quadrant sensor 4 outputs the trigger voltage of the quadrant sensor 4 to the automatic trigger voltage synchronization controller 81 and the reference point 5. The total area of the left shadow area is equal to one half of the total area of the light receiving area 42, and is the sum of one half of the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the quadrant a, one half of the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the quadrant D, and one half of the light receiving area 42 of the photosensor 44 in the quadrant C. The total area of the right-side shadow area is equal to one half of the total area of the light-receiving area 42, and is the sum of one half of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the quadrant a, zero of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the quadrant B, and one half of the light-receiving area 42 of the photoelectric sensor 44 in the quadrant C;

Step 13, defining the Z-axis reference point of the chief ray 21: as shown in fig. 14 and 15, for the nc machine tool 8 to automatically control and clamp the standard rod 6, the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 moves to the X-axis reference point of the chief ray 21 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, and an upper relative position (upper relative position) of the X-axis reference point is vertically displaced (vertical displacement) to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and reduced in area due to the triggering event, and an upper shadow area is formed, and the total area occupied by the upper shadow area is equal to one half of the total area occupied by the light receiving area 42, so that the position of the point line segment where the upper shadow area shields the chief ray 21 is defined as a Z-axis reference point (Z axis datum point) (or Z-axis center point (Z axis centre point)) of the reference coordinate 23, and the triggering voltage of the Z-axis reference point output by the quadrant sensor 4 is synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; wherein the overall area of the upper shadow area is equal to the shadow area 61; setting the reference points of the X axis, Y axis and Z axis of the reference coordinates 23 by the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

Step 14, defining the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in fig. 16 and 17, the measurement method is the same as step 11, the nc machine tool 8 is manually controlled or automatically controlled to clamp the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 moves to the reflection line 31 (or the span center of the reflection line 31) of the complex vector space 32 in a progressive motion along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, so that the area of the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and reduced by generating a triggering event to form a shadow area 61, and the total area occupied by the shadow area 61 is equal to one half of the total area occupied by the shadow area 42, so as to define a Y-axis reference point (or Y-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33 where the standard rod 6 shields the point line segment of the reflection line 31 by a base line 64, and the triggering voltage of the Y-axis reference point output by the quadrant sensor 4 is synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

step 15, defining the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in fig. 18 to 20, the measurement method is the same as step 12, and the nc machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the left and right edges of the standard rod 6 move to the Y-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 in a progressive motion along the transverse axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction, the left and right relative positions thereof are horizontally displaced to the Y-axis reference point, the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is blocked by the standard rod 6 and reduced in area by generating a triggering event, so as to form a left shadow area and a right shadow area, and the overall occupied area of the left shadow area and the right shadow area is equal to one half of the overall occupied area of the light receiving area 42, so as to define the position of the point line segment of the left shadow area and the right shadow area blocking the reflection line 31 as an X-axis reference point (or X-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and the triggering voltage of the quadrant sensor 4 outputting the X-axis reference point is synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the controller 81;

Step 16, defining the Z-axis reference point of the reflection line 31: as shown in fig. 21 and 22, the measurement method is the same as step 13, and the nc machine tool 8 automatically controls and clamps the standard rod 6, so that the bottom edge of the standard rod 6 moves to the X-axis reference point of the reflection line 31 along the longitudinal axis direction in the multi-dimensional direction in a progressive motion, and the upper relative position of the X-axis reference point moves to the X-axis reference point, so that the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4 is covered by the standard rod 6 and reduced in area due to the triggering event, and an upper shadow area is formed, and the total area occupied by the upper shadow area is equal to one half of the total area occupied by the light receiving area 42, so as to define the position of the point line segment where the upper shadow area covers the reflection line 31 as a Z-axis reference point (or a Z-axis center point) of the position coordinate 33, and the triggering voltage output by the quadrant sensor 4 is synchronously written in the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81; setting the reference points of the X axis, Y axis and Z axis of the position coordinates 33 by the automatic controller 5 and the control device 81;

step 17, defining a datum point (or the crossing zero point) of the thermal quantity: as shown in fig. 23 and 24, the automatic controller 5 is orthogonal to the reference coordinate 23 of the chief ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected ray 31 by a vertical line (vertical line), and each vertical line projects the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33 orthogonally to each other on the hypotenuse of the rectangular triangle base 1 to form the three-dimensional coordinate 14 converted into the intersecting zero point, and uses the three-dimensional coordinate 14 as a measurement reference point of the thermal variable of the nc machine tool 8.

The standard rod 6 is used for obtaining the reference coordinate 23 in the measurement space 22, and the complex vector space 32 is used for obtaining the position coordinate 33; the following steps may be performed:

step 21, a standard value of the standard rod 6 is established: as shown in fig. 25, 27-29, the automatic controller 5 first sets a standard diameter vector 63 and the center point 65 of the standard rod 6 by itself, then causes the automatic controller 5 to drive the center point 65 of the standard rod 6 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the rectangular triangle base 1 with a progressive motion, performs vertical displacement triggering and circular motion (circle motion) triggering, and triggers the origin 41 of coordinates through the left side, the right side and the bottom side of the shadow area 61 to generate a standard axis vector 62 (section width) and a Y axis section width) and a standard axis vector 63 (section height) and then the automatic controller 5 inputs the standard axis vector 62 and the standard axis vector 63 to establish a calibration curve with respect to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), and stores the standard axis vector 62, the standard axis vector 63 and the calibration curve in the saved common axis vector 51 as a standard value for comparison with a later measurement standard value;

Step 22, an initial value of the raw tool 7 is established: as shown in fig. 26, 30 to 32, the automatic controller 5 first sets an origin coordinate 74 and a working coordinate 75 of a raw tool 7 by itself, then causes the automatic controller 5 to drive the working coordinate 75 of the raw tool 7 to move to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33) of the rectangular triangle stand 1 with a progressive motion, performs vertical displacement triggering (as shown in fig. 27) and the circular motion triggering (as shown in fig. 29 and 30) at an upper side relative position thereof, and activates the coordinate origin 41 by triggering the origin 41 on the left side, the right side and the bottom of the effective cross-sectional area 71 to generate a tool axis vector 72 (X-axis cross-sectional width and Y-axis cross-sectional width) and a tool diameter vector 73 (Z-axis cross-sectional height), then causes the automatic controller 5 to input a cross-sectional curve of the tool axis vector 72 and the tool diameter vector 73 with respect to the reference coordinate 23 (or the position coordinate 33), stores the origin coordinate vector 74, the working coordinate 75 and the cross-sectional curve in the stored type coordinate curve as a standard error value of the standard error vector 62, and a standard error value of the tool axis vector 62 can be obtained by comparing the tool axis vector 72 with the standard error vector 62, and a standard error value of the standard error of the known value of the tool vector 62 can be obtained, and the standard error of the tool vector is compared with the standard error vector 62 is calculated by the standard error vector and the standard error vector is compared with the standard value of the tool axis vector 7, and updating the information of the cutter length and the cutter diameter in the saved common variable 51;

Step 23, a measured value of the machining tool 9 is established: as shown in fig. 33 to 36, when a machining tool 9 starts to machine for a period of time, tool wear or tool damage is generated, because the machining tool 9 and the unmachined tool 7 are the same tool, when the control device 81 drives the machining tool 9 to align with the reference coordinate 23 and/or the position coordinate 33 at a working coordinate 75 and form an effective area 91 in the quadrant sensor 4, then, the automatic controller 5 inputs the effective area 91 to respectively measure a wear axis vector 92 and/or a wear diameter vector 93 after changing to establish a wear curve, the wear axis vector 92, the wear diameter vector 93 and the wear curve are stored in the stored common variable 51 as a measured value, the automatic controller 5 performs an error analysis on the initial value and the measured value to obtain an aspect ratio, an aspect ratio and/or an offset ratio, the aspect ratio or the offset ratio obtains a difference of a tool length and/or a tool diameter of the machining tool 9, the difference comprises an axial difference 94 and/or a difference of a radial difference 95 and the tool diameter is transferred from the correction device 52 to the working coordinate compensation device 389 or the tool compensation device 3875 to perform a machining operation (the correction device or the tool 389). The tolerance of the machining tool 9 can be set according to the user's own machining requirement, such as a tool fracture reduction rate (percentage reduction of area), a tool wear tolerance, and a tool yaw radial deflection (radial deflection), yaw, negative yaw (negatively skewed), high-low deviation (deviation of the vertical), radial deviation (radial displacement), and instantaneous deviation (transient deviation); if the correction device 52 detects that the axial difference 94 or the radial difference 95 exceeds the allowable value set by the user, the automatic controller 5 will display a warning message to remind the user that the machining tool 9 has fracture or too large deflection, so as to avoid poor machining precision caused by the user using the machining tool 9 to perform machining.

The present invention is characterized in that the present invention can simultaneously perform the measurement procedure of the thermal deformation (thermal deformation) of the three linear axes on the nc machine tool 8, and at least one tool detector can be disposed at any quadrant angle (quad angle) position or any two quadrant angle positions of the table during measurement, and the present invention is configured with two functions of measurement and triggering:

step 31, direct measurement function of heat measurement: after the automatic controller 5 starts the developed direct measurement program, the nc machine tool 8 automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6 for measuring the thermal quantity, and starts the measurement mode, as shown in fig. 37, the nc machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 to perform a circular motion (circular motion) with the base line 64 to trigger the reference coordinate 23 of the chief ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected ray 31, the standard rod 6 shields the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, and moves with the base line 64 until the reference rod coincides with the origin of coordinates 41, and at this time, the automatic controller 5 records initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the three-dimensional coordinates 14 projected orthogonally to the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33, respectively. After the initial values Dx1 and Dy1 are recorded, the nc machine tool 8 is raised to the highest position of the rotation axis to start to rotate and warm up, after a first time (for example, five minutes), the nc machine tool 8 performs a measurement procedure again, and then starts a measurement mode, the nc machine tool 8 sequentially moves to a thermal variable after thermal deformation (thermal deformation) or thermal fluctuation (heat fluctuation) of the reference coordinate 23 and the position coordinate 33, and after the warm-up, the automatic controller 5 records the first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate 14, respectively. The difference between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal quantity after warming up in the X-axis direction at the first time (for example, five minutes); the difference between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal quantity after the warm-up in the first time (for example, five minutes) in the Y-axis direction, and the warm-up and measurement are repeated once again after the second time (for example, ten minutes), and the automatic controller 5 records the second displacement values Dx3 and Dy3 of the three-dimensional coordinates 14 again, and the difference between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal quantity after the warm-up in the X-axis direction for the second time (for example, ten minutes); the difference between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal deformation after warm-up for the second time (for example, ten minutes) in the Y-axis direction, and the thermal deformation of the numerical control machine tool 8 is measured continuously according to the method. The automatic controller 5 of the present invention will record the measured values of three-axis thermal variables to obtain n+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14 (thermal variables measurement), n+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, n+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14, and output n+1 three-dimensional coordinates 14, n+2 three-dimensional coordinates 14, n+3 three-dimensional coordinates 14 to the control device 81 through a connection line (or a network), and the present invention will also develop corresponding software to record the values of the thermal variables multiple times for the manufacturer of the numerical control machine tool 8.

Step 32, trigger function of measurement of thermal variables: as shown in fig. 38, after the automatic controller 5 starts the developed trigger type measuring program, the nc machine tool 8 automatically changes the tool to the standard bar 6 for measuring the thermal quantity, and starts the measuring mode, the nc machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard bar 6 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main beam 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflection beam 31, the standard bar 6 shields the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, moves the base beam 64 until the light receiving area coincides with the origin 41, the main beam 21 first triggers in the Z axis direction, the automatic controller 5 records the Z axis coordinate Z1 of the nc machine tool 8, and then triggers from the left and right sides of the main beam 21, and the two side triggering positions allow the automatic controller 5 to calculate the Y axis coordinate Yc; in the same manner as the measurement mode of the reflected line 31 of the tool detector, after the triggering of the reflected line 31 in the Z-axis direction, the triggering is performed from the left and right sides of the reflected line 31, respectively, and the triggering position can enable the automatic controller 5 to calculate the X-axis coordinate Xc, so as to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates 14 (Xc 1, yc1, Z1). The nc machine tool 8 is raised to the highest position of the rotation axis to start the rotation and warm-up, after a first time (for example, five minutes), the nc machine tool 8 performs a measurement procedure at a second time (for example, ten minutes), starts a measurement mode, repeats the measurement operation, and the automatic controller 5 calculates the second three-dimensional coordinates 14 (Xc 2, yc2, Z2), the difference between Xc1 and Xc2, the difference between Yc1 and Yc2, and the difference between Z1 and Z2, which are the thermal variables of the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis after the warm-up at the first time (for example, five minutes). The measurement is repeated for a third time (e.g., fifteen minutes), and the automatic controller 5 calculates the third three-dimensional coordinates 14 (Xc 3, yc3, Z3), the difference between Xc1 and Xc3, the difference between Yc1 and Yc3, and the difference between Z1 and Z3 as the thermal variables of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis after warming up for a second time (e.g., ten minutes). The subsequent thermal variable of the nc machine tool 8 is obtained by this method, and the nc machine tool 8 can add the thermal variable measurement to the standard rod 6 at any time during the measurement process, even if the automatic controller 5 outputs the thermal variable to the control device 81 through the online (or the network), so that the control device 81 can compensate the thermal variable error of the nc machine tool 8 at any time.

The present invention can be applied to the measurement of the inclination angle (angle of inclination) of the rotating shaft and the upright of the numerical control machine tool 8, and at least one tool detector can be arranged at any quadrant angle (quadrant angle) position of the bed, or any two quadrant angle positions are arranged in non-adjacent diagonal lines, or each quadrant angle position is provided with a tool detector, and the measurement procedure has the following functions:

step 41, measuring the inclination angle of the rotating shaft and the upright post: after the automatic controller 5 starts the measurement mode, the nc machine tool 8 automatically changes the tool to the standard rod 6, the nc machine tool 8 sequentially moves the standard rod 6 to the base line 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the chief ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflected ray 31, the standard rod 6 blocks the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, moves the base line 64 until it coincides with the origin 41 of coordinates, acquires the optical signal at a plurality of known angles between the plurality of photosensors 44 of the quadrant sensor 4 using the automatic controller 5 while processing the optical signal to obtain the wear curve, and the calibration device 52 calculates the inclination angle of the standard rod 6 between the base line 23 and the position coordinate 33 and the wear curve formed in the quadrant sensor 4 using a nonlinear regression algorithm with the calibration curve to acquire the angle of the wear curve. As shown in fig. 39, when the spindle head has no inclination angle error (dip error), the automatic controller 5 calculates VB-vd=0 of fig. 39 and outputs it through the network connector, and when there is an inclination angle error, outputs the results of the wear curve of (VB-VD) of fig. 40 and the wear curve of (VD-VA) of fig. 41. Thereafter, the automatic controller 5 performs a numerical calculation (numerical calculation) of the calibration curve and the wear curve, so as to obtain a relative difference between the voltage changes (change of voltage) formed by the photosensors 44 in the three quadrants A, B, D. When the automatic controller 5 performs calculation, if the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant has a voltage change, the photoelectric sensor 44 in the C quadrant measures the cutting fluid.

Step 42, the rotation axis and column tilt trigger measurement: the triggered measurement planning is used for measuring a large gantry five-axis numerical control machine tool, after the automatic controller 5 starts a measurement mode, the gantry five-axis numerical control machine tool can automatically change a tool into the standard rod 6, the gantry five-axis numerical control machine tool sequentially moves the standard rod 6 to the base line 64 to the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 and the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31, the standard rod 6 shields the light receiving area 42 of the quadrant sensor 4, moves to be coincident with the coordinate origin 41 by the base line 64, and rotates a tool reference point (TCP) which is used for making an angle on the A axis of the gantry five-axis numerical control machine tool at the reference coordinate 23 of the main light ray 21 to perform a position analysis (position analysis), and when the automatic controller 5 acquires the optical signal and calculates the position dip angle to be 0 degree, the position (position) is stopped and recorded at the moment, and the Y-axis dip angle can be calculated from the position and the reference coordinate 23 position. The position coordinate 33 is the same as the reference coordinate 23, the standard rod 6 moves to the position coordinate 33 of the reflection line 31, the a-axis swings slowly (swing), and when the automatic controller 5 calculates the position inclination angle to be 0 degree, the position is stopped and recorded, and the X-axis inclination angle can be calculated from the position and the position coordinate 33. The calculation is the same as in step 41.

In summary, the present invention is not only innovative in space but also has many functions as compared with the prior art, and thus, the present invention is fully in accordance with the legal requirements of the novel and inventive aspects, and therefore, the present invention is filed and the noble office is solicited to approve the present invention application to be invented.

In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent, however, that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Claims

1. A tool detector, the tool detector being provided on a bed of a numerical control machine tool having at least one rotary shaft, a tri-linear shaft, and a control device, comprising:

the right-angle triangle seat is provided with a first angle position, a second angle position and a third angle position, wherein the first angle position is provided with a light source for emitting a main light ray and then the main light ray is incident to a plane mirror arranged at the second angle position, the plane mirror generates a reflection line to be incident to a coordinate origin of the symmetry center of a quadrant sensor at the third angle position so as to generate a light receiving area, and the quadrant sensor is arranged by adopting a diagonal method, namely, a coordinate axis of the quadrant sensor is rotated relative to the coordinate origin by an inclination angle to be arranged at the third angle position;

An automatic controller is composed of a storage type common variable and a correction unit, and is characterized by that the control unit drives a standard rod to form a shadow area on the quadrant sensor, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a measuring space of the main ray to define a reference coordinate, and uses the shadow area to project in the multi-dimensional direction in a complex vector space of the reflecting ray to define a position coordinate, and at the same time makes the automatic controller to orthogonally project the reference coordinate and the position coordinate to the hypotenuse of the rectangular triangle base to form a three-dimensional coordinate for being converted into an intersecting zero point, and then the control unit repeatedly drives the standard rod to the reference coordinate and the position coordinate at a time interval to obtain N+1 three-dimensional coordinates, and uses N+1 three-dimensional coordinates as the measurement of a thermal variable of the numerical control tool.

2. The tool detector of claim 1 wherein said standard bar aligns said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with a center point of a base line and establishes a standard axis vector and a standard diameter vector with each of said shadow areas and inputs said automatic controller to establish a standard value, after which said control means drives a raw tool again to align said reference coordinates or said position coordinates with an operating coordinate and measures them, and establishes a tool axis vector, a tool diameter vector and an origin coordinate with each of said position coordinates with an effective cross-sectional area and inputs said automatic controller to establish an initial value, said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said standard axis vector and said initial value to obtain a relative difference, said relative difference being a tool length of said raw tool and a tool diameter, at the same time, said raw tool forms a tool wear or forms a tool damage after a period of time begins to process, said raw tool and said automatic controller performs an error analysis on each of said initial value by a measured value and said error vector, said automatic controller performs an abrasion sensor to obtain a measured value when said measured value is said tool length of said tool is identical to said tool diameter vector and said initial value, the difference is transmitted to the control device by the correction device to reset the working coordinates of the processing tool or a tool radius compensation or offset to be used as the tool length and tool radius measurement and compensation of the processing tool.

3. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of two identical photoelectric sensors having identical areas and identical photoelectric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photoelectric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.

4. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the coordinate axes of the quadrant sensor are rotated by an inclination angle relative to the origin of coordinates to keep the reflected line perpendicularly irradiated on the quadrant sensor, such that the quadrant sensor having at least one angular line receives the optical signal of the reflected line to generate the light receiving area of the origin of coordinates, the quadrant sensor is composed of four identical photo-electric sensors having identical areas and identical photo-electric properties, and at least one angular line is formed between each of the photo-electric sensors, and an inclination angle is formed between each angular line and a horizontal plane.

5. The tool detector of claim 1, wherein the nc machine sequentially moves the standard bar to trigger the standard bar to perform circular motion with a base line until the reference coordinates of the principal ray and the position coordinates of the reflection ray are reached, the standard bar shields the light receiving area of the quadrant sensor, moves with the base line until the standard bar coincides with the origin of coordinates, causes the automatic controller to record initial values Dx1 and Dy1 of the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference coordinates and the position coordinates, respectively, records the initial values Dx1 and Dy1, and starts to rotate and warm up when the nc machine is lifted to the highest position of the rotation axis, and performs the measurement procedure again after the first time of rotation, and then starting a measurement mode, sequentially moving the numerical control machine tool to a thermal variable after thermal deformation or thermal movement of the reference coordinate and the position coordinate, wherein after the numerical control machine tool is warmed up, the automatic controller respectively records first displacement values Dx2 and Dy2 of the three-dimensional coordinate, the difference value between Dx1 and Dx2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the X-axis direction, the difference value between Dy1 and Dy2 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the first time of the Y-axis direction, the above-mentioned warming up and measurement actions are repeated once again after the second time, and the difference value between Dx1 and Dx3 is the thermal variable after the three-dimensional coordinate is warmed up in the second time of the X-axis direction, and the difference value between Dy1 and Dy3 is the thermal variable after the warm up in the second time of the Y-axis direction.