CN114799031B - Production process and application of forging for tire mold - Google Patents
Production process and application of forging for tire mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN114799031B CN114799031B CN202210416442.9A CN202210416442A CN114799031B CN 114799031 B CN114799031 B CN 114799031B CN 202210416442 A CN202210416442 A CN 202210416442A CN 114799031 B CN114799031 B CN 114799031B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/76—Making machine elements elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups
- B21K1/761—Making machine elements elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups rings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0239—Lubricating
- B21B45/0242—Lubricants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process and application of a forging piece for a tire mold; belongs to the field of forging production technology; the method comprises the following steps: providing raw materials, and carrying out surface pretreatment on the raw materials; and (3) blanking: cutting the pretreated raw material into blanks, and performing diffusion annealing treatment; cogging process: upsetting, drawing out, punching and horse reaming are carried out on the annealed blank to obtain a blank; ring grinding process: grinding the blank to obtain a workpiece; machining: machining and heat treating the workpiece to obtain a forging; the surfaces of a blank and a die used in the cogging process and the ring rolling process are coated with an oil-based graphite lubricant; the organic graphite lubricant comprises a modified silane coupling agent a of triisopropoxysilane modified by 4-acyl-18-crown ether. The forging has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high precision, flat upper and lower surfaces and no warpage, and can be widely applied to tire molds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forging production processes, and particularly relates to a production process and application of a forging for a tire mold.
Background
In a rubber tire forming die, a sliding block is used for carrying pattern blocks and transmitting die sleeve power in the opening and closing process of the die, and a casting is adopted in the traditional process, but the part has higher performance requirements, high strength and wear resistance, so that the part is changed into a forging at present. At present, the traditional processing mode of the slider forging is mainly to firstly process the initial forging by using a forging die, then cut the initial forging into a shape similar to the appearance of a product and then finish the initial forging, and the mode has the defects of large cutting allowance, material waste and high processing cost.
The prior art discloses a forging method of an annular GH105 superalloy forging, as disclosed in publication No. CN 103706740A, which comprises the following steps: performing sheathing treatment on the blank; heating the blank wrapped with the sheath; after heating, taking down the sheath, and punching the blank; cooling the blank, and cutting and arc chamfering the surface of an inner hole of the blank; blowing sand and polishing the surface of the blank; performing sheathing treatment on the blank; heating the blank wrapped by the sheath; after the heating process is finished, taking down the sheath, alternately carrying out the reaming of the bars and the flat end surfaces on the blank, and carrying out the reaming of the bars for every two times and carrying out the flat end surfaces for one time until the size of the blank reaches the set size range of the blank; performing sheath treatment on the blank, and then heating the blank wrapped with the sheath; and after the heating process is finished, taking down the sheath, and rolling the blank until the forging is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging piece which has excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high precision, flat upper and lower surfaces and no warpage, and can be widely applied to tire molds.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a forging production process comprises the following steps:
providing raw materials, and carrying out surface pretreatment on the raw materials;
and (3) blanking: cutting the pretreated raw material into blanks, and performing diffusion annealing treatment;
cogging process: upsetting, drawing out, punching and horse reaming are carried out on the annealed blank to obtain a blank;
ring grinding process: grinding the blank to obtain a workpiece;
machining: machining and heat treating the workpiece to obtain a forging;
wherein, the surface of the mould used in the cogging process and the ring rolling process is coated with an oil-based graphite lubricant;
the organic graphite lubricant comprises a modified silane coupling agent a of triisopropoxysilane modified by 4-acyl-18-crown ether.
The invention adopts the 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxy silane to prepare the modified silane coupling agent a, and takes the modified silane coupling agent a as a component of the oil-based graphite lubricant, so that the suspension property and the film forming property of the oil-based graphite lubricant are improved, the phenomenon of mucous membrane is prevented, the size of a blank is controlled, and further, the product with high precision, easily controlled size, flat upper and lower surfaces and no warpage is obtained, so that the production efficiency of the product is improved; meanwhile, the forging has excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and has longer service life, so that the forging has wide application in the field of tire molds.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material is one of a 35 iron-based material, a 45 iron-based material, a Q345 iron-based material, a 30CrMo iron-based material, a 6061 aluminum alloy, and a 5083 aluminum alloy.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material pretreatment steps are: the raw materials sequentially pass through degreasing, acid washing, water washing, alkali washing, water washing and ultrasonic rinsing to remove impurities on the surface of the raw materials.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the diffusion annealing conditions are: placing the blank into a heating furnace, raising the temperature to 520-580 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and air-cooling.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the cogging process steps are: forging the annealed blank, wherein the initial forging temperature is 430-460 ℃; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 420 ℃; then placing the blank on an upsetting die for pre-upsetting, chamfering and rounding, upsetting, punching by a punch, returning to the furnace for heat preservation and reaming by a horse frame, wherein the cogging forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.3, and preparing the blank.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the ring rolling process steps are: placing the blank in a ring rolling machine, and rolling the blank to a process size at a core roller feeding speed of 0.15-0.45 mm/s to obtain a workpiece, wherein the initial forging temperature of the ring rolling is 430-460 ℃; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 420 ℃, and the main rolling and the core roller used in the ring rolling process are preheated to 305-325 ℃ and are lubricated by an oil-based graphite lubricant.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the machining is: and cooling the workpiece to room temperature, machining the upper end surface and the lower end surface, then placing the workpiece into a heating furnace, heating to 410-430 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, then heating to 500-520 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and cooling to room temperature by air.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the forging is surface treated to form a corrosion resistant coating on the forging surface.
The invention also discloses a forging piece, which has higher mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high precision and easily controlled size, and has flat upper and lower surfaces and no warping product, so as to improve the production efficiency of the product.
The invention also discloses application of the forging piece in preparing a tire mold.
The modified silane coupling agent a is prepared by adopting the 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxy silane and is used as a component of the oil-based graphite lubricant, so that the suspension property and the film forming property of the oil-based graphite lubricant are improved, the phenomenon of mucous membrane is prevented, the size of a blank is controlled, and further, the product with high precision, easily controlled size, flat upper and lower surfaces and no warpage is obtained, and the production efficiency of the product is improved; meanwhile, the forging has excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and has longer service life, so that the forging has wide application in the field of tire molds. Therefore, the invention is a forging piece with excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high precision, flat upper and lower surfaces and no warpage, and can be widely applied to tire molds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of triisopropoxysilane, modified silane coupling agent a, modified silane coupling agent b and modified epoxy resin.
Detailed Description
The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the oil-based graphite lubricant further comprises nanographite, ethyl ricinoleate, boric acid, benzoquinone, antioxidants, 1-hydroxyethyl-2-organoimidazoline, chlorinated paraffin.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the modified silane coupling agent a is 2.5 to 5.5 parts by weight, the nano graphite is 0.15 to 0.35 part by weight, the ethyl ricinoleate is 1.5 to 3.5 parts by weight, the boric acid is 1.5 to 4.5 parts by weight, the benzoquinone is 1 to 2 parts by weight, the antioxidant is 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight, the 1-hydroxyethyl-2-organoimidazoline is 1.8 to 3.4 parts by weight, and the chlorinated paraffin is 14 to 18 parts by weight.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent a is: placing 4-acyl-18-crown ether and a solvent in a container, heating to react under the protection of nitrogen, adding a catalyst to perform stirring reaction, adding triisopropoxysilane, filtering while hot, cooling to room temperature, steaming in a rotary way, and separating a column layer to obtain the modified silane coupling agent a.
Further, in some embodiments of the invention, the 4-acyl-18-crown ether is 3.5 to 6.8 parts by weight, the solvent is 160 to 200 parts by weight, the catalyst is 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight, and the triisopropoxysilane is 2 to 4 parts by weight.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the solvent is at least one of toluene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran.
Still further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the modified silane coupling agent a is prepared by: 3.5 to 6.8 parts of 4-acyl-18-crown ether and 160 to 200 parts of solvent are placed in a container according to parts by weight, the temperature is raised to 50 to 60 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to react for 1 to 3 hours, then 0.1 to 0.4 part of karstedt catalyst is added to carry out stirring reaction, then 2 to 4 parts of triisopropoxy silane is slowly added to continue to react for 24 to 48 hours, impurities in the liquid are removed by suction filtration while the silane coupling agent is hot, the solution is cooled to room temperature, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and the column layer is separated, thus obtaining the modified silane coupling agent a.
In some embodiments of the present invention, there is also disclosed a method of preparing an oil-based graphite lubricant comprising: uniformly mixing 1.5-3.5 parts by weight of ethyl ricinoleate, 0.15-0.35 part by weight of nano graphite, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of antioxidant and 100-150 parts by weight of water, heating to 75-90 ℃ and stirring for 25-45 min, then adding 2.5-5.5 parts by weight of modified silane coupling agent a and stirring for 15-25 min, finally 14-18 parts by weight of chlorinated paraffin, 1.5-4.5 parts by weight of boric acid, 1-2 parts by weight of benzoquinone and 1.8-3.4 parts by weight of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-organoimidazoline, continuing stirring for 1.5-2.5 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified silane coupling agent.
According to the production process of the forging, the pretreatment steps of raw materials are as follows: placing the raw materials in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-4wt% for degreasing for 10-20 min at the temperature of 45-55 ℃, then washing for 1-3 min by a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 5-15wt%, washing for 4-8 min by normal-temperature tap water, washing for 2-5 min by a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 6-10wt%, ultrasonic washing for 3-6 min by normal-temperature tap water, finally placing the raw materials in a temperature of 55-75 ℃ for soaking for 3-6 min, and drying to obtain the pretreated raw materials.
According to the production process of the forging piece, the cogging process comprises the following steps: forging the annealed blank, wherein the initial forging temperature is 430-460 ℃; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 420 ℃; then placing the blank on an upsetting die for pre-upsetting, wherein the pressing speed of a flat anvil is 28-32 mm/s, preheating the contact surfaces of all upsetting tools and the blank to 260-280 ℃, chamfering, rounding, upsetting and punching by a punch to obtain a punched blank, cooling the punched blank to room temperature, heating to 430-460 ℃ in a heating furnace, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and performing horse-frame reaming by adopting a core rod preheated to 400-420 ℃, wherein the cogging forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.3, thus obtaining the blank.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the attached drawings:
example 1:
the preparation method of the oil-based graphite lubricant comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 2.5 parts by weight of ethyl ricinoleate, 0.15 part by weight of nano graphite, 0.75 part by weight of butyl hydroxy anisole and 120 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 30min, then adding 3.5 parts by weight of triisopropoxy silane and stirring for 20min, finally 15 parts by weight of chlorinated paraffin, 2.5 parts by weight of boric acid, 1.5 parts by weight of benzoquinone and 2.1 parts by weight of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-organic imidazoline, continuously stirring for 2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified polyurethane foam.
Example 2:
a method for preparing an oil-based graphite lubricant, unlike example 1, was to replace triisopropoxysilane with a modified silane coupling agent a.
Specifically, the preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent a in this embodiment is as follows: 4.8 parts of 4-acyl-18-crown ether and 180 parts of toluene are placed in a container according to parts by weight, the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours under the protection of nitrogen, then 0.2 part of karstedt catalyst is added for stirring reaction, then 3.1 parts of triisopropoxysilane is slowly added for continuous reaction for 48 hours, impurities in liquid are removed by suction filtration while the solution is hot, the solution is cooled to room temperature, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and the column layer is separated, thus obtaining the modified silane coupling agent a.
Example 3:
a forging production process comprises the following steps:
providing 5083 aluminum alloy, placing the 5083 aluminum alloy in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 3.5wt% for degreasing for 15min at 50 ℃, then sequentially flushing with a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 12.5wt% for 3min, flushing with normal-temperature tap water for 6min, flushing with a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 10wt% for 4min, ultrasonically cleaning with normal-temperature tap water for 6min, finally placing the raw material in a temperature of 65 ℃ for soaking for 5min, and drying to obtain pretreated raw material;
and (3) blanking: cutting the pretreated raw materials into blanks by adopting an automatic cutting machine, placing the blanks into a heating furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain annealed blanks;
cogging process: forging the annealed blank, wherein the initial forging temperature is 450 ℃; the final forging temperature is 500 ℃; then placing the blank on an upsetting die for pre-upsetting, wherein the pressing speed of a flat anvil is 30mm/s, the contact surfaces between all upsetting tools and the blank are preheated to 270 ℃, chamfering and rounding, upsetting and punching to obtain a punched blank, cooling the punched blank to room temperature, heating the punched blank to 450 ℃ in a heating furnace for 2.5 hours, and carrying out horse frame reaming by adopting a core rod preheated to 420 ℃, wherein the cogging forging ratio is 3.5, thus obtaining a blank, and lubricating by adopting the oil-based graphite lubricant in the embodiment 1 during pre-upsetting, chamfering and rounding, upsetting, punching and horse frame reaming;
ring grinding process: placing the blank in a ring rolling machine, and rolling to a process size at a core roll feeding speed of 0.25mm/s to obtain a workpiece, wherein the initial forging temperature of the ring rolling is 430 ℃; the final forging temperature was 480 ℃, and the main rolling and core rollers used in the ring rolling process were preheated to 315 ℃ and lubricated with the oil-based graphite lubricant of example 1;
machining: and cooling the workpiece to room temperature, machining the upper end surface and the lower end surface, then placing the workpiece into a heating furnace, heating to 420 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, then heating to 510 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the workpiece.
Example 4:
a forging production process was different from example 3 in that the oil-based graphite lubricant in example 1 used in the cogging process and the ring rolling process was replaced with the oil-based graphite lubricant in example 2.
Example 5:
in the blanking process, the pretreated raw material is cut into blanks by an automatic cutting machine, and the blanks are placed in a heating furnace to be heated to 580 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, kept for 2 hours and cooled to room temperature by air, so that annealed blanks are obtained.
Example 6:
a forging production process, unlike example 4, in which the annealed blank was forged in a cogging process, wherein the initial forging temperature was 430 ℃; the final forging temperature is 480 ℃; then placing the blank on an upsetting die for pre-upsetting, wherein the pressing speed of a flat anvil is 32mm/s, preheating the contact surfaces of all upsetting tools and the blank to 275 ℃, chamfering, rounding, upsetting and punching to obtain a punched blank, cooling the punched blank to room temperature, heating to 440 ℃ in a heating furnace for 2h, and performing horse frame reaming by adopting a core rod preheated to 410 ℃, wherein the cogging forging ratio is 3.5, thus obtaining the blank.
Example 7:
unlike example 4, in the ring rolling process, the blank is placed in a ring rolling machine and rolled to a process size at a core roll feed speed of 0.3mm/s to obtain a workpiece, wherein the initial forging temperature of the ring rolling is 450 ℃; the final forging temperature was 500 ℃, and the main rolling and core rollers used in the ring rolling process were preheated to 325 ℃.
In order to optimize the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the forging surface, preferred measures taken include: the surface of the forging piece is coated with a modified epoxy resin coating prepared from modified epoxy resin of the modified silane coupling agent b, and the modified epoxy resin coating has excellent adhesive force and is better coated on the surface of the forging piece; the forging has excellent wear resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and can bear the influence of external factors so as to prolong the service life of the forging. The preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent b is the same as that of the modified silane coupling agent a. The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
stirring 12-18 parts by weight of modified silane coupling agent b and 6-10 parts by weight of epoxy resin at a speed of 100-150 r/min for reaction for 10-20 min, then adding 60-80 parts by weight of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane resin and 2.5-5.5 parts by weight of catalyst, and dispersing for 20-30 min under a high-speed dispersing machine to obtain emulsion; and immersing the prepared forging into emulsion for 15-30 min, and solidifying for 24-48 h at room temperature to obtain the forging.
Example 8:
the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin emulsion comprises the following steps:
16 parts by weight of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 7.5 parts by weight of E51 epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent: 188 g/mol) were reacted at a rate of 120r/min with stirring for 15min, and then 70 parts by weight of a hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane resin (available from Shandong Daiiyi chemical Co., ltd.) and 4.5 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate were added and dispersed for 25min in a high-speed dispersion machine to obtain an emulsion.
Example 9:
a method for producing a modified epoxy resin emulsion, unlike example 8, in which γ -aminopropyl triethoxysilane is replaced with a modified silane coupling agent b;
specifically, the preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent b in this embodiment is:
according to parts by weight, 5.3 parts of 2-isopropenyl phenylaniline and 200 parts of toluene are placed in a container, the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours under the protection of nitrogen, then 0.35 part of karstedt catalyst is added for stirring reaction, then 3.8 parts of triisopropoxy silane is slowly added for continuous reaction for 48 hours, impurities in liquid are removed by suction filtration when the mixture is hot, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and the column layer is separated, so that the modified silane coupling agent b is obtained.
Example 10:
a forging production process comprises the following steps: the forging prepared in example 3 was immersed in the modified epoxy resin emulsion of example 8 for 20min and cured at room temperature for 48h to obtain a forging.
Example 11:
a forging production process comprises the following steps: the forging prepared in example 3 was immersed in the modified epoxy resin emulsion of example 9 for emulsion treatment for 20min, and cured at room temperature for 48h, to obtain a forging.
Example 12:
a forging production process comprises the following steps: the forging prepared in example 4 was immersed in the modified epoxy resin emulsion of example 8 for emulsion treatment for 20min and cured at room temperature for 48h to obtain a forging.
Example 13:
a forging production process comprises the following steps: the forging prepared in example 4 was immersed in the modified epoxy resin emulsion of example 9 for emulsion treatment for 20min, and cured at room temperature for 48h, to obtain a forging.
Test example 1:
characterization by Infrared Spectroscopy
An infrared spectrogram of the substance IS tested by using a Nicolet IS50 model (Thermo Fisher company of America) infrared spectrometer, and the testing range IS 500-4000 cm -1 。
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of triisopropoxysilane, modified silane coupling agent a, modified silane coupling agent b and modified epoxy resin; curve a, b, c, d is the infrared spectra of triisopropoxysilane, modified silane coupling agent a, modified silane coupling agent b, and modified epoxy resin, respectively; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the modified silane coupling agent a was found to be 3005cm relative to triisopropoxysilane -1 The characteristic absorption peak appearing nearby is the flexible vibration of benzene ring; at 1660cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak appearing nearby is the stretching vibration of the amide bond, therefore, adopt 4-acyl-18-crown ether to modify triisopropoxy silane to prepare modified silane coupling agent a; modified silane coupling agent b is 3370cm -1 The characteristic peak which appears nearby is enhanced and is supposed to be the stretching vibration of N-H in the amino; at 3075cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak appearing nearby is the flexible vibration of benzene ring; at 1590cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak appearing nearby is the stretching vibration of C=C in the benzene ring, therefore, adopt 2-isopropenyl phenylamine modified triisopropoxy silane to prepare modified silane coupling agent b; modified epoxy resin at 1124cm -1 Stretching vibration of Si-O-C occurs nearby and at 915cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of the epoxy group does not appear nearby, so the modified epoxy resin is prepared by modifying the epoxy resin with the modified silane coupling agent b.
Test example 2:
oil-based graphite lubricant performance test
1. Suspension test
The suspension property of the lubricant is tested by a measuring cylinder method, the prepared lubricant is poured into a beaker and uniformly stirred by a glass rod, the lubricant is poured into a 50mL measuring cylinder until 50mL scale marks are positioned when the lubricant is uniformly dispersed in the beaker, the volume of sediment at the bottom of the measuring cylinder is observed and recorded after the measuring cylinder is stood for 48 hours, and the suspension rate is calculated according to the following formula:
suspension ratio (%) =v/50×100%
Wherein: v is the volume of the lower sediment of the measuring cylinder.
Table 1 suspension of oil-based graphite lubricants
| Sample preparation | Precipitation volume/mL | Suspension rate/% | Description of suspension Property |
| Example 1 | 46 | 92 | Good quality |
| Example 2 | 50 | 100 | Excellent and excellent properties |
As can be seen from table 1, the suspension ratio of the oil-based graphite lubricant in example 1 was 92%, while the suspension ratio of the oil-based graphite lubricant in example 2 was 100%, which is higher than that in example 1, indicating that the use of 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxysilane to prepare the modified silane coupling agent a as a component of the oil-based graphite lubricant improved the suspension properties of the oil-based graphite lubricant.
2. Film Forming test
Heating an aluminum plate with the thickness of 150mm multiplied by 100mm to 380 ℃, taking out, then smearing the lubricant in a brushing mode, putting back into a heating furnace for 5min, taking out, scraping the lubricant film by sand paper, and testing whether the film forming is firm or not to obtain the film forming condition of the lubricant.
Table 2 film forming properties of oil-based graphite lubricants
| Sample preparation | Film Forming Property |
| Example 1 | Film formation but with a small part falling off |
| Example 2 | Film formation and no falling off |
As can be seen from table 2, the oil-based graphite lubricant in example 2 has better film forming property, does not fall off after being scratched by sand paper, is firmly combined with the matrix, has better film forming property than that of example 1, and shows that the modified silane coupling agent a prepared by adopting the 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxy silane is used as a component of the oil-based graphite lubricant, improves the film forming property of the oil-based graphite lubricant, and can prevent the phenomenon of mucous membrane.
Test example 3:
modified epoxy resin coating adhesion test
Two 5083 aluminum alloys are respectively soaked in the modified epoxy resin emulsion in the embodiment 8 and the embodiment 9 for 20min, and are cured for 48h at room temperature to form a coating, the adhesive force of the coating is tested by a cross-hatch method (GB/T9286), and the shedding rate is calculated and treated.
TABLE 3 adhesion test results for modified epoxy coatings
| Sample preparation | Shedding rate/% |
| Example 8 | 3.5 |
| Example 9 | 1.7 |
As can be seen from table 3, the modified epoxy resin coating in example 9 has a falling rate lower than 1.8% and lower than example 8, which indicates that the modified silane coupling agent b is prepared by modifying triisopropyloxysilane with 2-isopropylphenylamine, and the modified epoxy resin is obtained by modifying epoxy resin, so that the interlayer adhesive force of the modified epoxy resin is improved, and the modified epoxy resin can be better coated on the surface of the substrate.
Test example 4:
forging performance test
1. Mechanical property test of forging
The test sample is prepared by adopting the GB/T228-2002 standard, the mechanical property of the test sample is tested on a CMT 5305 microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, the stretching rate is 2.5mm/min, three groups of experiments are parallel, and the 5083 aluminum alloy which is not subjected to any treatment is used as a control group.
Table 4 mechanical properties of forgings
| Sample preparation | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/% | Modulus of elasticity/MPa |
| Control group | 373 | 305 | 7.4 | 62 |
| Example 3 | 454 | 417 | 9.6 | 77 |
| Example 4 | 487 | 433 | 11.5 | 86 |
| Example 5 | 481 | 428 | 10.9 | 83 |
| Example 6 | 490 | 437 | 11.8 | 89 |
| Example 7 | 485 | 431 | 11.4 | 85 |
As can be seen from Table 4, in examples 3-7, the tensile strength of the forging is higher than 450MPa, the yield strength is higher than 415MPa, the elongation is higher than 9.5%, the elastic modulus is higher than 75MPa, which are both higher than those of the control group, which indicates that the mechanical properties of the forging are improved by heat treatment of 5083 aluminum alloy; the tensile strength, the yield strength, the elongation and the elastic modulus of the forgings in examples 4-7 are higher than 480MPa, the yield strength is higher than 425MPa, the elongation is higher than 10.5%, the elastic modulus is higher than 80MPa, and the tensile strength, the yield strength, the elongation and the elastic modulus of the forgings in comparative examples 3 and 4 are higher than those of example 3, which shows that the modified silane coupling agent a is prepared by adopting the 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxysilane and is used as a component of an oil-based graphite lubricant and used in the production process of the forgings, so that the lubrication effect is improved, the forgings are heated uniformly, the internal quality of the forgings can be ensured, and the mechanical property of the forgings can be improved.
2. Abrasion resistance test
According to GB/T1768-1989 standard, adopting QMH paint film abrasion tester to test, and under the condition of load of 15N and 350r/min, parallelly testing for 3 times, taking average value, and making abrasion mass ratio be W r (%) is expressed.
Table 5 wear resistance of forgings
| Sample preparation | W r (％) |
| Example 10 | 0.93 |
| Example 11 | 0.78 |
| Example 12 | 0.81 |
| Example 13 | 0.64 |
As can be seen from Table 5, the forging W in example 11 and example 13 r Values below 0.8%, comparative examples 10 and 11, examples 12 and 13, W of forgings in example 11 r The forging in example 13 has a W value lower than that of example 10 r The value is lower than that of example 12, which shows that the modified silane coupling agent b is prepared by modifying triisopropyloxy silane with 2-isopropenylphenylaniline, the modified epoxy resin is obtained by modifying the epoxy resin, and the modified epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the forging piece, so that the wear resistance of the forging piece is improved; in addition, comparative example 11 and example 13, W of forging in example 13 r The values are lower than those of example 11, which shows that the modified silane coupling agent a is prepared by adopting 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxy silane and is used as a component of the oil-based graphite lubricant to prepare a forging, and the surface of the forging is coated with the epoxy resin modified by the modified silane coupling agent b, so that the forging has better wear resistance.
3. Corrosion resistance test
The corrosion resistance of the forging is tested by adopting an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technology, and a platinum sheet is used as a counter electrodeAn Ag/AgCl (saturated KCl solution) electrode is used as a reference electrode, a forging coating sample is used as a working electrode (the exposed area is 10 cm) 2 ) The electrolyte solution was 5wt% NaCl solution and the test was performed on a model M273 potentiostat and model M5210 lock-in amplifier. The potential amplitude of the test condition is 25mV, the frequency scanning range is 10 5 ～10 -2 Hz, and fitting with related software. Before the experiment, the coated forging piece is punched, copper wires are welded on one corner of the forging piece, and the periphery and the back of the coated test piece are sealed by paraffin and rosin (1:1) before the corrosion experiment. The sealed test piece was immersed in a 5wt% NaCl solution at room temperature to conduct corrosion test. Soaking in the tested liquid for 30min to obtain stable open circuit potential, testing all coating samples at room temperature, and fitting the obtained data with Zsimpwin software to obtain impedance modulus (R c ) And capacitor (C) c ) Values.
Table 6 impedance modulus and capacitance value of forgings
| Sample preparation | R c /(×10 3 Ω·cm 2 ) | C c /(×10 -10 F·cm -2 ) |
| Example 10 | 7.54 | 3.19 |
| Example 11 | 8.71 | 2.63 |
| Example 12 | 7.65 | 3.07 |
| Example 13 | 8.92 | 2.58 |
As can be seen from Table 6, the impedance modulus of the forgings in example 11 and example 13 is higher than 8.7X10 3 Ω·cm 2 Capacitance value is lower than 2.65X10 -10 F·cm -2 Comparing the impedance modulus of the forging in the embodiment 11 with that of the embodiment 11, the embodiment 12 and the embodiment 13, wherein the impedance modulus of the forging in the embodiment 11 is higher than that of the embodiment 10, the capacitance value is lower than that of the embodiment 10, the impedance modulus of the forging in the embodiment 13 is higher than that of the embodiment 12, and the capacitance value is lower than that of the embodiment 12, the modified silane coupling agent b prepared by adopting 2-isopropenylaniline to modify triisopropoxysilane is modified, the epoxy resin is modified to obtain modified epoxy resin, and the modified epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the forging, so that the corrosion resistance of the forging is improved; in comparative example 11 and example 13, the impedance modulus of the forging in example 13 is slightly higher than that in example 11, and the capacitance value is lower than that in example 11, which shows that the modified silane coupling agent a is prepared by adopting 4-acyl-18-crown ether modified triisopropoxy silane and is used as a component of an oil-based graphite lubricant to prepare the forging, and the surface of the forging is coated with the epoxy resin modified by the modified silane coupling agent b, so that the forging has better corrosion resistance.
Conventional operations in the operation steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, additions, substitutions and the like made within the principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forging production process comprises the following steps:
providing raw materials, and carrying out surface pretreatment on the raw materials;
and (3) blanking: cutting the pretreated raw material into blanks, and performing diffusion annealing treatment;
cogging process: upsetting, drawing out, punching and horse reaming are carried out on the annealed blank to obtain a blank;
ring grinding process: grinding the blank to obtain a workpiece;
machining: machining and heat treatment are carried out on the workpiece to obtain a forging;
the surfaces of blanks and molds used in the cogging process and the ring rolling process are coated with oil-based graphite lubricant;
the oil-based graphite lubricant comprises a modified silane coupling agent a of triisopropoxysilane modified by 4-acyl-18-crown ether;
the preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent a comprises the following steps: placing 4-acyl-18-crown ether and a solvent in a container, heating to react under the protection of nitrogen, adding a catalyst to perform stirring reaction, adding triisopropoxysilane, filtering while hot, cooling to room temperature, steaming in a rotary way, and separating a column layer to obtain the modified silane coupling agent a.
2. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material is one of a 35 iron-based material, a 45 iron-based material, a Q345 iron-based material, a 30CrMo iron-based material, a 6061 aluminum alloy and a 5083 aluminum alloy.
3. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment steps of the raw materials are as follows: the raw materials sequentially pass through degreasing, acid washing, water washing, alkali washing, water washing and ultrasonic rinsing to remove impurities on the surface of the raw materials.
4. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the diffusion annealing conditions are as follows: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, raising the temperature to 820-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and air-cooling.
5. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the cogging process comprises the following steps: forging the annealed blank, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1100-1250 ℃; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 720 ℃; then placing the blank on an upsetting die for pre-upsetting, chamfering and rounding, upsetting, punching by a punch, returning to the furnace for heat preservation and reaming by a horse frame, wherein the cogging forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.3, and preparing the blank.
6. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the ring grinding process comprises the following steps: the blank is placed in a ring rolling machine to be rolled to a process size at a core roller feeding speed of 0.15-0.45 mm/s, and a workpiece is manufactured, wherein the initial forging temperature of the ring rolling is 1150-1250 ℃; the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 750 ℃.
7. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the machining is as follows: and cooling the workpiece to room temperature, machining the upper end surface and the lower end surface, then placing the workpiece in a heating furnace, heating to 810-830 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, then heating to 900-920 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-3 h, discharging, quenching, cooling to below 300 ℃, then heating to 500-530 ℃ in a tempering furnace, preserving heat for 2-4 h, and then cooling to room temperature along with furnace air.
8. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: in the preparation method of the modified silane coupling agent a, 3.5-6.8 parts of 4 acyl 18 crown ether, 160-200 parts of solvent, 0.1-0.4 part of catalyst and 2-4 parts of triisopropoxysilane are calculated according to parts by weight.
9. The process for producing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: and carrying out surface treatment on the forging piece, and forming a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the forging piece.
10. Use of a forging as recited in claim 1 in the manufacture of a tire mold.
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