CN114798665A - Ecological planting method and treatment equipment for agaricus bisporus - Google Patents
Ecological planting method and treatment equipment for agaricus bisporus Download PDFInfo
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- CN114798665A CN114798665A CN202210211801.7A CN202210211801A CN114798665A CN 114798665 A CN114798665 A CN 114798665A CN 202210211801 A CN202210211801 A CN 202210211801A CN 114798665 A CN114798665 A CN 114798665A
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241000222519 Agaricus bisporus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000027734 detection of oxygen Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010259 detection of temperature stimulus Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological planting method and processing equipment for agaricus bisporus, relates to the technical field of agaricus bisporus planting processing equipment, solves the problem of improper mushroom root processing in the prior art, and comprises cleaning equipment, wherein the cleaning equipment comprises a screen frame, threaded rods are rotatably arranged at the top and the bottom of two sides of the screen frame, a linkage piece is arranged between the two threaded rods on one side, driving motors are arranged at the outer ends of two sides of the screen frame, the output ends of the two driving motors are fixed with the threaded rods through couplers, and cleaning components are arranged at the outer sides of the two threaded rods on the surface and the back of the screen frame. Meanwhile, the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agaricus bisporus planting and processing equipment, in particular to an ecological agaricus bisporus planting method and processing equipment.
Background
Agaricus bisporus, a typical straw-rotting edible fungus, is cultivated in a culture medium that cannot be separated from grasses (straw, wheat straw, corn stalk, etc.) as a main provider of carbon, and livestock manure as a nitrogen provider required for its growth.
At present, when the agaricus bisporus is planted, a plurality of planting methods are optimized to improve the yield and the quality of the agaricus bisporus, but waste materials and mushroom roots generated in the production process are generally directly discarded, and according to knowledge, 130 tons of mushroom roots discarded in one day by a large-scale planting plant are directly treated as garbage, so that the environment is polluted, and resources are wasted, and therefore, the ecological planting method and the ecological processing equipment for the agaricus bisporus are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological planting method and an ecological planting device for agaricus bisporus, which can treat the root of the agaricus bisporus to improve the utilization efficiency and reduce pollution, and solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the ecological planting method of the agaricus bisporus comprises the following steps:
s1, treating raw materials, mixing dried excrement with mushroom waste, vinasse and gypsum to ensure uniform mixing, grabbing two bags of straw stalks and placing the straw stalks on an automatic straw soaking machine, soaking the wheat straw in nutrient water by the automatic straw soaking machine, unpacking, stacking and fermenting the wheat straw after the wheat straw absorbs sufficient water to break a waxy layer on the surface of the wheat straw, depositing and storing rainwater and production wastewater in a plant area in a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is connected with aeration equipment, air is introduced into the wastewater to prevent the anaerobic fermentation of the wastewater, and beneficial microorganisms required by fermentation are accumulated in the wastewater;
s2, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the pre-wetted straws and a nitrogen source through mixing equipment, adding nutrient water and an ammonium sulfate solution which are rich in beneficial microorganisms in the mixing process, and then putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a ventilation system, and air is fed into the mixed stockpile through the fermentation tank to ensure aerobic fermentation of the stockpile;
s3, transferring the material to a bin, namely transferring the material to the bin for three times by one rotation, two rotations and three rotations, so as to uniformly mix the piled materials and supplement water;
s4, fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises primary fermentation, secondary fermentation and tertiary fermentation;
s5, fruiting, after three times of fermentation, placing the piled materials in a mushroom house for fruiting management;
s6, waste treatment, fermentation of the waste materials after mushroom harvesting, stirring of the waste materials, stacking in a field, detection of temperature and oxygen change, guarantee of the temperature being above 60 ℃ and turning when the oxygen is lower than 6%, uniform mixing of the waste materials and guarantee of sufficient oxygen mixed in the stack. After four times of pile turning (7d), the waste is completely humified to form a substrate for cultivating vegetables and flowers;
and S7, mushroom root treatment, namely collecting the mushroom roots, cleaning the mushroom roots through designed cleaning equipment, and then crushing the mushroom roots for manufacturing the bio-fertilizer.
Preferably, the primary fermentation in step S3 is set up with four stages according to fermentation temperature, microorganism, and physicochemical reaction settings;
a first stage: beneficial microorganisms are accumulated, heat is accumulated, and the expected temperature is 65 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
two stages: accumulating and accumulating beneficial microorganisms, and promoting the temperature rise of the stockpile, wherein the expected temperature is 70 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
three stages: promoting the temperature of the stack to rise, wherein the expected temperature is 75 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
and a fourth stage: caramelization reaction, maillard reaction, with a desired temperature of 80 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting the ventilation time according to the change of oxygen and the temperature rising speed;
the secondary fermentation in step S3 sets six stages:
keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile consistent through a temperature equalizing stage;
a first stage: keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile for 15 hours after the internal temperature of the stockpile is consistent;
two stages: entering a temperature rise stage at a rate of 1.2/h;
three stages: when the material temperature reaches 57 ℃, entering a pasteurization stage;
the fourth stage: keeping the temperature at 58 ℃ in the pasteurization stage for 8h to kill harmful pathogenic bacteria;
and a fifth stage: entering a cooling stage, and cooling to 52 ℃;
six stages: and (4) entering a culture stage, keeping for 64 hours, finishing secondary fermentation, cooling and sowing, and entering a tertiary fermentation stage.
Preferably, including the cleaning device in step S7, the cleaning device includes the screen cloth frame, screen cloth frame both sides top and bottom are all rotated and are installed the threaded rod, and two of one side install the linkage between the threaded rod, driving motor is all installed to screen cloth frame both sides outer end, and two the driving motor output all through the shaft coupling with the threaded rod is fixed, is located two at screen cloth frame surface and the back the clean subassembly is all installed in the threaded rod outside.
Preferably, the cleaning assembly comprises a movable plate sleeved with two threads on the outer side of the threaded rod, cleaning sleeves are sleeved on the outer sides of two ends of the movable plate, shaking pieces are installed at two ends of the movable plate, and the shaking pieces drive the cleaning sleeves to move in a reciprocating mode, so that the mushroom roots are cleaned.
Preferably, clean cover includes upper cover and lower cover, upper cover and lower cover all slip to cup joint in the movable plate outside, just the upper cover bottom is fixed with the inserted bar, the inserted bar with the lower cover slides to peg graft, just lower cover bottom equidistance is fixed with a plurality of brushes, two it has the connecting rod to slide to peg graft between the upper cover in the clean cover, just connecting rod outside cover has the spring, and the clean cover through the design can be effectual cleans the mushroom root, realizes the cleanness to earth above it.
Preferably, the shaking piece comprises a connecting shaft which is inserted into one end of the moving plate in a sliding mode, a shaking gear is fixed at the bottom of the connecting shaft, a tooth row plate meshed with the shaking gear is fixed on the surface of the screen frame, a cam which is abutted against the outer side of the upper sleeve is fixed at the top of the connecting shaft, reciprocating pushing of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is achieved through the shaking piece, and therefore friction wiping of the mushroom roots is achieved, and soil is effectively removed.
Preferably, the linkage piece is including fixing two the drive gear in the threaded rod outside, screen frame one end corresponds threaded rod position department and opens there is the mounting groove, and two drive gear is located in the mounting groove, the linkage gear is installed to the mounting groove internal rotation, just linkage gear and two drive gear intermeshing makes two threaded rods can synchronous rotation through the linkage piece of design.
Preferably, the screen frame outside is the rectangle distribution and is fixed with the connecting seat, conveniently to the lift removal of screen frame.
Preferably, the movable plate both ends symmetry is opened there are a plurality of slashes, and is a plurality of all slide in the slash and peg graft and have the carriage release lever fixed mutually with lower cover inner wall, through the slash and the mutually supporting of carriage release lever of design for the lower cover can be along slash pushing down when movable plate horizontal migration, realizes the pressing effect to the mushroom root.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by optimizing the mushroom planting mode, after the mushroom planting is finished, the waste is fermented again, and meanwhile, the mushroom roots are recycled to prepare the biological fertilizer, so that the effect of improving soil brought by recycling the waste can be achieved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cleaning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cleaning apparatus of the present invention in partial cross-section;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at B;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cleaning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5 at C;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the cleaning sleeve and the movable plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection between the movable rod and the bezel.
In the figure: 1-cleaning equipment; 2-screen frame; 3-a threaded rod; 4-a linkage; 5-driving a motor; 6-a cleaning component; 7-moving the plate; 8-cleaning sleeve; 9-shaking piece; 10-sleeving; 11-lower sleeve; 12-a plunger; 13-a brush; 14-a connecting rod; 15-a spring; 16-a connecting shaft; 17-a wobble gear; 18-tooth row plate; 19-a cam; 20-a drive gear; 21-mounting grooves; 22-a linkage gear; 23-a connecting seat; 24-bevel connection; 25-moving the rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The ecological planting method of the agaricus bisporus comprises the following steps:
s1, treating raw materials, mixing dried excrement with mushroom waste, vinasse and gypsum to ensure uniform mixing, grabbing two bags of straw stalks and placing the straw stalks on an automatic straw soaking machine, soaking the wheat straw in nutrient water by the automatic straw soaking machine, unpacking, stacking and fermenting the wheat straw after the wheat straw absorbs sufficient water to break a waxy layer on the surface of the wheat straw, depositing and storing rainwater and production wastewater in a plant area in a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is connected with aeration equipment, air is introduced into the wastewater to prevent the anaerobic fermentation of the wastewater, and beneficial microorganisms required by fermentation are accumulated in the wastewater;
s2, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the pre-wetted straws and a nitrogen source through mixing equipment, adding nutrient water and an ammonium sulfate solution which are rich in beneficial microorganisms in the mixing process, and then putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a ventilation system, and air is fed into the mixed stockpile through the fermentation tank to ensure aerobic fermentation of the stockpile;
s3, transferring the material to a bin, namely transferring the material to the bin for three times by one rotation, two rotations and three rotations, so as to uniformly mix the piled materials and supplement water;
s4, fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises primary fermentation, secondary fermentation and tertiary fermentation;
s5, fruiting, after three times of fermentation, placing the piled materials in a mushroom house for fruiting management;
s6, waste material treatment, namely fermenting the waste material after mushroom harvesting, stirring the waste material, stacking the waste material in a field, detecting temperature and oxygen change, ensuring that the temperature reaches above 60 ℃, turning the stack when the oxygen is lower than 6%, uniformly mixing the waste material, and ensuring that the stack is mixed with sufficient oxygen. After four times of pile turning (7d), the waste is completely humified to form a substrate for cultivating vegetables and flowers;
s7, mushroom root treatment, namely collecting mushroom roots, cleaning the mushroom roots through designed cleaning equipment 1, and then crushing the mushroom roots for manufacturing bio-fertilizer;
it should be noted that: setting four stages for the primary fermentation in the step S3 according to the fermentation temperature, the microorganism and the physical and chemical reaction;
a first stage: beneficial microorganisms are accumulated, heat is accumulated, and the expected temperature is 65 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
two stages: accumulating and accumulating beneficial microorganisms, and promoting the temperature of the piled materials to rise to the expected temperature of 70 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
three stages: promoting the temperature of the stockpile to rise to 75 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
the fourth stage: caramelization reaction, maillard reaction, with a desired temperature of 80 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: according to the change of oxygen and the temperature rising speed, the ventilation time is adjusted.
Wherein, the primary fermentation flow chart is as follows:
according to the characteristics, biological and chemical characteristics of each stage, the ventilation time and the ventilation period of the stockpile are adjusted to ensure the required oxygen content in the stockpile.
Wherein, the secondary fermentation in step S3 is provided with six stages:
keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile consistent through a temperature equalizing stage;
a first stage: keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile for 15 hours after the internal temperature of the stockpile is consistent;
two stages: entering a temperature rise stage at a rate of 1.2/h;
three stages: when the material temperature reaches 57 ℃, entering a pasteurization stage;
the fourth stage: keeping the temperature at 58 ℃ in the pasteurization stage for 8h to kill harmful pathogenic bacteria;
and a fifth stage: entering a cooling stage, and cooling to 52 ℃;
six stages: entering a culture stage, keeping for 64h, finishing secondary fermentation, cooling and sowing, and entering a tertiary fermentation stage;
wherein, the flow chart of the secondary fermentation is as follows:
the secondary fermentation temperature control chart is as follows:
it should be noted that: the temperature profile of the tertiary fermentation is as follows:
it should be noted that: according to the scheme, the temperature among all the processes is strictly controlled during each fermentation, so that the fermentation effect is better;
in addition, referring to fig. 1-3, in the cleaning device 1 shown in the drawings, the cleaning device 1 includes a screen frame 2, threaded rods 3 are rotatably mounted at the top and the bottom of both sides of the screen frame 2, a linkage member 4 is mounted between the two threaded rods 3 on one side, driving motors 5 are mounted at the outer ends of both sides of the screen frame 2, the output ends of the two driving motors 5 are fixed with the threaded rods 3 through couplers, and cleaning assemblies 6 are mounted at the outer sides of the two threaded rods 3 on the surface and the back of the screen frame 2;
it should be noted that: clean subassembly 6 through the design can satisfy the cleanness to the mushroom root, simultaneously, for the convenient position control to screen cloth frame 2, is the rectangle distribution in the screen cloth frame 2 outside and is fixed with connecting seat 23.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 4-7, the cleaning assembly 6 shown in the figure includes a moving plate 7 which is sleeved outside the two threaded rods 3 in a threaded manner, cleaning sleeves 8 are sleeved outside both ends of the moving plate 7, and shaking members 9 are mounted on both ends of the moving plate 7;
the cleaning sleeve 8 comprises an upper sleeve 10 and a lower sleeve 11, the upper sleeve 10 and the lower sleeve 11 are both sleeved on the outer side of the moving plate 7 in a sliding mode, an inserted rod 12 is fixed at the bottom of the upper sleeve 10, the inserted rod 12 is in sliding insertion connection with the lower sleeve 11, a plurality of brushes 13 are fixed at the bottom of the lower sleeve 11 at equal intervals, a connecting rod 14 is inserted between the upper sleeves 10 in the two cleaning sleeves 8 in a sliding mode, and a spring 15 is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rod 14;
it should be noted that: through shaking the shake of piece 9 to can drive the reciprocating motion of upper cover 10 and lower cover 11, realize wiping the mushroom root, the remaining earth in effectual getting rid of surface.
Referring to fig. 4, the shaking element 9 shown in the figure includes a connecting shaft 16 inserted into one end of the moving plate 7 in a sliding manner, a shaking gear 17 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting shaft 16, a tooth row plate 18 engaged with the shaking gear 17 is fixed on the surface of the screen frame 2, and a cam 19 abutting against the outer side of the upper sleeve 10 is fixed at the top of the connecting shaft 16;
it should be noted that: along with the movement of the moving plate 7, the shaking gear 17 always moves along the moving plate 7, so that the cam 19 is controlled to continuously rotate, the upper sleeve 10 is circularly pushed by the cam 19, the lower sleeve 11 and the brush 13 can continuously wipe the root of the mushroom, and soil is effectively removed.
The mushroom roots are cleaned and conveniently recovered; firstly, the personnel place screen frame 2 in a rectangular channel, then the injected water, pour the mushroom root into, later through shifting up of screen frame 1, move to with mushroom root contact position, then rethread driving motor 5's rotation, it rotates to drive threaded rod 3, effect through linkage 4, make a plurality of threaded rod 3 synchronous rotation, thereby control two clean 6 synchronous movement of subassembly, the effect of clean cover 8 of cooperation and shake piece 9, the realization is to the cleaning of screen frame 2 tow sides, the effectual cleaning is cleaned the mushroom root, get rid of earth.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, as further described in example 1, the linkage member 4 in the figure includes two driving gears 20 fixed on outer sides of the two threaded rods 3, a mounting groove 21 is formed at a position of one end of the screen frame 2 corresponding to the threaded rod 3, the two driving gears 20 are located in the mounting groove 21, a linkage gear 22 is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove 21, and the linkage gear 22 is engaged with the two driving gears 20;
it should be noted that: through the mutual meshing of the linkage gear 22 and the two driving gears 20, the rotation of one threaded rod 3 is realized, and the two threaded rods 3 are driven to synchronously rotate in the same direction.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, for further explanation of other embodiments, two ends of the moving plate 7 in the figure are symmetrically provided with a plurality of bevel openings 24, and moving rods 25 fixed to the inner wall of the lower sleeve 11 are inserted into the plurality of bevel openings 24 in a sliding manner;
it is worth noting that: when the lower housing 11 is moved in the horizontal direction by the upper housing 10, the horizontal movement of the lower housing 11 causes the moving rod 25 to move obliquely downward along the bevel 24, thereby controlling the brush 13 to be pressed downward, so that the root of the mushroom can be cleaned more effectively.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The ecological planting method of the agaricus bisporus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating raw materials, mixing dried excrement with mushroom waste, vinasse and gypsum to ensure uniform mixing, grabbing two bags of straw stalks and placing the straw stalks on an automatic straw soaking machine, soaking the wheat straw in nutrient water by the automatic straw soaking machine, unpacking, stacking and fermenting the wheat straw after the wheat straw absorbs sufficient water to break a waxy layer on the surface of the wheat straw, depositing and storing rainwater and production wastewater in a plant area in a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is connected with aeration equipment, air is introduced into the wastewater to prevent the anaerobic fermentation of the wastewater, and beneficial microorganisms required by fermentation are accumulated in the wastewater;
s2, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the pre-wetted straws and a nitrogen source through mixing equipment, adding nutrient water and an ammonium sulfate solution which are rich in beneficial microorganisms in the mixing process, and then putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a ventilation system, and air is fed into the mixed stockpile through the fermentation tank to ensure aerobic fermentation of the stockpile;
s3, transferring the material to a bin, namely transferring the material to the bin for three times by one rotation, two rotations and three rotations, so as to uniformly mix the piled materials and supplement water;
s4, fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises primary fermentation, secondary fermentation and tertiary fermentation;
s5, fruiting, after three times of fermentation, placing the piled materials in a mushroom house for fruiting management;
s6, waste treatment, fermentation of the waste materials after mushroom harvesting, stirring of the waste materials, stacking in a field, detection of temperature and oxygen change, guarantee of the temperature being above 60 ℃ and turning when the oxygen is lower than 6%, uniform mixing of the waste materials and guarantee of sufficient oxygen mixed in the stack. After four times of pile turning (7d), the waste is completely humified to form a substrate for cultivating vegetables and flowers;
and S7, mushroom root treatment, namely collecting the mushroom roots, cleaning the mushroom roots through designed cleaning equipment (1), and then crushing the mushroom roots for manufacturing the bio-fertilizer.
2. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: setting four stages for the primary fermentation in the step S3 according to the fermentation temperature, the microorganism and the physical and chemical reaction;
a first stage: beneficial microorganisms are accumulated, heat is accumulated, and the expected temperature is 65 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
two stages: accumulating and accumulating beneficial microorganisms, and promoting the temperature of the piled materials to rise to the expected temperature of 70 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
three stages: promoting the temperature of the stockpile to rise to 75 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
the fourth stage: caramelization reaction, maillard reaction, with a desired temperature of 80 ℃; the method for controlling the stacking temperature comprises the following steps: adjusting ventilation time according to oxygen change and temperature rising speed;
the secondary fermentation in step S3 sets six stages:
keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile consistent through a temperature equalizing stage;
a first stage: keeping the internal temperature of the stockpile for 15 hours after the internal temperature of the stockpile is consistent;
two stages: entering a temperature rise stage at a rate of 1.2/h;
three stages: when the material temperature reaches 57 ℃, entering a pasteurization stage;
the fourth stage: keeping the temperature at 58 ℃ in the pasteurization stage for 8h to kill harmful pathogenic bacteria;
and a fifth stage: entering a cooling stage, and cooling to 52 ℃;
six stages: and (4) entering a culture stage, keeping for 64 hours, finishing secondary fermentation, cooling and sowing, and entering a tertiary fermentation stage.
3. The agaricus bisporus treatment equipment is characterized in that: cleaning device (1) in step S7, cleaning device (1) includes screen frame (2), all rotate at screen frame (2) both sides top and bottom and install threaded rod (3), and two of one side install linkage (4) between threaded rod (3), driving motor (5) are all installed to screen frame (2) both sides outer end, and two driving motor (5) output all through the shaft coupling with threaded rod (3) are fixed, are located two at screen frame (2) surface and the back cleaning component (6) are all installed in threaded rod (3) outside.
4. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: clean subassembly (6) including the screw thread cup joint two movable plate (7) in threaded rod (3) outside, movable plate (7) both ends outside all overlaps has clean cover (8), just movable plate (7) both ends are all installed and are trembled piece (9).
5. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: clean cover (8) are including upper cover (10) and lower cover (11), upper cover (10) and lower cover (11) all slide to cup joint in the movable plate (7) outside, just upper cover (10) bottom is fixed with inserted bar (12), inserted bar (12) with lower cover (11) slip grafting, just lower cover (11) bottom equidistance is fixed with a plurality of brushes (13), two it has connecting rod (14) to slide to peg graft between upper cover (10) in clean cover (8), just connecting rod (14) outside cover has spring (15).
6. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 5, wherein: tremble move piece (9) including the slip peg graft with connecting axle (16) of movable plate (7) one end, connecting axle (16) bottom is fixed with tremble gear (17), just screen frame (2) fixed surface have with tremble gear (17) engaged with tooth row board (18), connecting axle (16) top be fixed with go up cam (19) that cover (10) outside offseted.
7. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: linkage (4) are including fixing two drive gear (20) in threaded rod (3) outside, the position department of the corresponding threaded rod (3) of screen frame (2) one end has opened mounting groove (21), and two drive gear (20) are located in mounting groove (21), linkage gear (22) are installed to mounting groove (21) internal rotation, just linkage gear (22) and two drive gear (20) intermeshing.
8. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the outer side of the screen frame (2) is fixed with connecting seats (23) in a rectangular distribution.
9. The agaricus bisporus processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein: a plurality of bevel mouths (24) are symmetrically formed at two ends of the moving plate (7), and moving rods (25) fixed with the inner wall of the lower sleeve (11) are inserted into the bevel mouths (24) in a sliding mode.
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| CN202210211801.7A CN114798665A (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Ecological planting method and treatment equipment for agaricus bisporus |
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| CN202210211801.7A CN114798665A (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Ecological planting method and treatment equipment for agaricus bisporus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116274291A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-06-23 | 杭州银江环保科技有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash washing equipment |
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