CN114797290B - Step array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system - Google Patents
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- CN114797290B CN114797290B CN202210355797.1A CN202210355797A CN114797290B CN 114797290 B CN114797290 B CN 114797290B CN 202210355797 A CN202210355797 A CN 202210355797A CN 114797290 B CN114797290 B CN 114797290B
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011044 inertial separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog gathering system, wherein a cascade array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust fog collecting device are arranged in a system flow channel, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is positioned at the upstream of the dust fog collecting device, a plurality of groups of vortex elements are arranged in the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator, and the sizes of two adjacent groups of vortex elements in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged in groups along the main flow direction of the system flow channel. The invention utilizes the principle of longitudinal vortex, small particles rotate along with the vortex in the same longitudinal vortex, large particles axially move, and the speed slippage among particles with different sizes improves the aggregation probability among particles, so that the overall size of the particles is gradually increased along the flow direction, the directions of the longitudinal vortex flow adjacent side by side are consistent, the collision probability among small particles rotating along with the vortex is improved, and the size of the particles is also gradually increased along the flow direction. The cascade array longitudinal vortex is used for maintaining high collision aggregation probability among particles, so that the cascade array longitudinal vortex adapts to the inertial separation requirement of a downstream dust and mist removing device, and the aim of high-efficiency dust and mist removing is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial dust removal (fog), in particular to a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system and a design method.
Background
The dust (fog) is required in various occasions in the industrial field, so that the purposes of resource recovery and regeneration and environmental protection are achieved. For example, water mist collection in a cooling tower, fine particle pollutant filtration in power plant flue gas treatment, dust recovery generated by metallurgy and mechanical processing, salt mist aerosol filtration in a marine vessel air intake system, and the like.
The basic principle of the dust (mist) removing device comprises inertia interception and electrostatic adsorption, and the two mechanisms enable the existing dust (mist) removing device to have higher filtering capability on large particles above a micron level, but have weak inertia effect, strong airflow follow-up performance, small charge quantity and lower filtering efficiency for submicron or nanometer level particles, and far do not meet the requirements of collection and emission.
The basic approach to solve the problem of difficulty in filtering out small particles is to agglomerate the small particles into large particles. The current adopted aggregation mode is turbulent aggregation and charged aggregation, wherein the charged aggregation utilizes opposite charges to absorb to collide particles, the aggregation efficiency is higher, but additional electric energy input is needed, the energy consumption is higher, the turbulent aggregation utilizes the turbulent diffusion effect in a flow field to realize the collision of the particles, and the aggregation has certain randomness and has low aggregation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the cascade array longitudinal vortex dust and fog converging system, which can change vortex flow from disorder to controllable, can greatly improve particle converging efficiency without additional electric energy input, and achieves the purposes of high efficiency and low consumption of a converging dust (fog) removing system.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog gathering system is characterized in that a cascade array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust fog collecting device are arranged in a system flow channel, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is positioned at the upstream of the dust fog collecting device, a plurality of groups of vortex elements are arranged in the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator, and the sizes of the vortex elements in two adjacent vortex element groups in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged in groups along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Furthermore, the vortex elements in each group of vortex elements are arranged in an array, the size, the strength and the direction of the longitudinal vortex induced by two adjacent vortex element groups in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are the same, and the tracks of small inertial particles which rotate along with the vortex in the adjacent longitudinal vortex are intersected.
Preferably, the vortex elements are inclined lugs, and the spreading dimension and the protruding dimension of each inclined lug in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel along the flow channel wall surface of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Preferably, the vortex elements are groove structures, and the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Preferably, the vortex elements are spiral slices, and the blade width or attack angle of each spiral slice in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel gradually expands along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Further, the vortex element is arranged on the wall surface of the system flow channel.
Furthermore, the system flow channel is internally provided with a channel type grille, and the vortex element is arranged on the inner wall surface of the grille.
Further, the dust and mist collecting device is provided with a particle collecting structure, and the structural density of the particle collecting structure is matched with the particle size distribution of the outlet of the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator.
Further, the size of the vortex element of the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is determined by adopting the following steps:
A. according to the definition of Stokes number (St) which measures the flow follow-up of particulate matter:
wherein ρ is p For the density of the particles themselves, U is the air flow velocity, d p For particle size, mu is aerodynamic viscosity, L is turbulent element scale, the physical meaning of St number is the ratio of particle relaxation time to flow characteristic time, the smaller St number is, the stronger the particle following property is, the easier the particle follows vortex, the larger St number is, the weaker the particle following property is, and the sliding between the particle and vortex is easy to generate;
B. according to the definition of St number, the vortex element dimensions are determined as follows:
C. after obtaining the particle size distribution in the dust-laden mist air stream, let st=0.1 i, where i=1 to n, calculate the required for each size class of particles to swirl with the vortexElement dimension L a,i Wherein i=1 to n, L a,i A rotating scale corresponding to the size level of the nth grade particles;
D. let st=2, calculate the element dimension L required to produce a velocity slip between the maximum dimension level n-stage particles and the longitudinal vortex b，n ，L b，n Is the maximum sliding scale;
E. the 1 st stage vortex element is dimensioned as a rotating dimension L corresponding to the 1 st stage particle size class a，1 The level 2 vortex elements are dimensioned to correspond to the level 2 particle size class of the spinning dimension La，2 The (n-1) -th stage vortex element is dimensioned as a swirl dimension L corresponding to the n-1 stage particle size class a，(n-1) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ensuring that the maximum swirl dimension is less than the maximum slip dimension, i.e. ensuring L a,i,max ＜L b，n I.e. when the swirl dimension of a certain level of particles is larger than the slip dimension of the largest level of particles, the dimension of the swirl element is not increased any more.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
as the dust laden mist stream passes through the vortex elements, a series of longitudinal vortices are formed. In the same longitudinal vortex, small particles rotate along with the vortex, large particles axially move, and the speed slippage among particles with different sizes improves the aggregation probability among the particles, so that the overall size of the particles is gradually increased along the flow direction. The longitudinal vortex flow directions adjacent side by side are consistent, the collision probability among small particles which are rotated along with the vortex is improved, and the particle size is gradually increased along the flow direction. The size of the vortex element is gradually enlarged, so that longitudinal vortex with larger size and strength is formed, and partial particles always keep to swirl along with the vortex, namely, the high collision aggregation probability among the particles is maintained by the longitudinal vortex of the cascade array. The particles flowing out of the longitudinal vortex generator have large enough size, adapt to the inertial separation requirement of a downstream dust and mist removing device, and achieve the aim of high-efficiency dust and mist removing.
1. In the single longitudinal vortex, obvious track intersection and speed slippage are generated between small particles and large particles, so that the collision coalescence probability between the large particles and the small particles is improved; the directions of adjacent longitudinal vortices in the expanding direction are the same, the tracks are intersected, small particles are rotated to continuously collide, and the coalescence efficiency among the small particles is improved; by progressively expanding the vortex elements in groups along the main flow direction of the system flow channel;
2. the longitudinal vortex size strength is expanded in a controllable amplitude along the main flow direction, is suitable for vortex-following rotation of the large particles, and repeatedly realizes the collision coalescence strengthening mechanism;
3. the longitudinal vortex remarkably enlarges the travelling distance of the particles in the space with the flow-limiting channel, prolongs the residence time of the particles, and improves the collision coalescence probability by indirect connection;
4. the particle size of the particles at the outlet of the array longitudinal vortex generator generally grows to be more than the micron level, so that the filtering efficiency of the downstream dust and mist collecting device is greatly improved, the structural density of the dust and mist collecting device can be reduced, the aerodynamic resistance is reduced, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment employing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a single wall tab placement of the single pass grid of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a four stage tab arrangement of the single pass of the grill of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the size of a mist droplet population that is coalesced according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of coalescence enhancement of different sized particles within a single longitudinal vortex in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the mechanism of coalescence enhancement of small particles of the same size class between spanwise adjacent longitudinal vortices in the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a four-stage tab group 2, a three-stage tab group 3, a two-stage tab group 4, a one-stage tab group 5, a grid shell 6, a flange 7, a single channel 8, an upstream tab 9, an initial large particle 10, a large particle track 11, small particles 12, a converging large particle 13, a longitudinal vortex 14, a downstream tab 15 and adjacent tabs in the same group.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only those features which are relevant to the invention, and orientation and reference (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) may be used solely to aid in the description of the features in the drawings. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescence system shown in fig. 1 to 3 is designed corresponding to the mist drop group shown in fig. 4.
The fog drops are salt-containing water drops, and the density rho of the fog drops p ＝1100kg/m 3 The air flow speed is U=5m/s, and the air flow dynamic viscosity is 17.9x10 -6 Pa·s, the smallest size of the particulate matter is 5 μm, the largest size is 45 μm, and is classified into 9 size classes. In a 300mm by 300mm flow channel, a demisting system design was performed.
Based on the empirical data, st numbers are taken as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, …, 0.9 to calculate the corresponding L a 。
Let st=0.1, calculate L a,1 Obtaining L=4.244 mm, taking L a,1 4.3mm.
Let st=0.2, calculate L a,2 Obtaining L= 8.488mm, taking L a,2 8.5mm.
Let st=0.3, calculate L a,3 Obtaining L= 12.731mm, taking L a,3 Is 12.8mm.
Let st=0.4, calculate L a,4 Obtaining L= 16.975mm, taking L a,4 Is 17mm.
Let st=0.5, calculate L a,5 Obtaining L= 21.219mm, taking L a,5 21.3mm.
Let st=0.6, calculate L a,6 Obtaining L= 25.463mm, taking L a,6 25.5mm.
Let st=0.7, calculate L a,7 Obtaining L= 29.707mm, taking L a,7 30mm.
Let st=0.8, calculate L a,8 Obtaining L= 33.951mm, taking L a,8 34mm.
Let st=0.9, meterCalculate L a,9 Obtaining L= 38.194mm, taking L a,9 38.2mm.
Let st=2, calculate L b，9 Obtaining l= 17.284mm, i.e. L a，imax ＜L b，9 At this time, i takes 4.
So to L a，4 The dimensions of the swirl element are not increased until now.
A single channel 755mm by 55mm is taken, and 25 channels in total form a channel grid.
The flow core area in the general industrial pipeline is in a turbulent state, has a more remarkable spread velocity component, is favorable for interaction and coalescence among particles, but in a near-wall area, the flow has the characteristic of layering, and the spread velocity component is small, so that the interaction and coalescence among particles are not favorable. To further enhance particle coalescence in the core region of the channel, a channel grating may be provided in the flow channel, and vortex elements may be mounted on the inner wall surface of the grating. The denser the grid, the higher the degree of intensification of the particle coalescence.
Thus, according to the calculation, the following cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system is designed, and comprises a grid shell 5, wherein grids distributed in a 5*5 rectangular array are arranged in the grid shell 5, and a grid single channel 7 in 5*5 is separated in the grid shell 5. Four lug groups are distributed in each grid single channel 7, and are a primary lug group 4, a secondary lug group 3, a tertiary lug group 2 and a quaternary lug group 1 respectively.
The primary lug group 4, the secondary lug group 3, the tertiary lug group 2 and the quaternary lug group 1 are distributed in sequence along the main flow direction in the single channel 7. Wherein each lug in each lug group has the same structure and size and is fixed on the wall surface of the single channel 7. The tab sizes in two adjacent tab groups are gradually increased, so that the longitudinal vortex size and strength in the single channel 7 are gradually increased along the main flow direction, and the particle sizes which are gradually increased are conveniently adapted.
In the cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog gathering system, the structural density of the dust fog collecting device depends on the particle size distribution of the outlet of the longitudinal vortex generator, and the dust fog collecting device can achieve higher dust fog collecting efficiency with lower structural density due to larger particle size after gathering and obvious inertia effect, so that the purposes of fully reducing flow resistance and reducing system energy consumption are achieved. For example, for a baffling vane type dust mist collection device, the vane spacing can be enlarged or the angle of refraction can be reduced corresponding to the gradually increased particles; for the axial-flow cyclone dust and mist collecting device, the thickness of the blade or the attack angle of the blade can be reduced; for a woven structure dust mist collection device, a smaller fabric wire diameter or a larger mesh size may be used.
Accordingly, in the present invention, the structure of the vortex element is not limited to the tab in the above embodiment, but may be a groove structure or a spiral piece. When the vortex element is designed into a groove structure, the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex element in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel. When the swirl element is designed as a spiral slice, the blade width or angle of attack of each spiral slice in the swirl element in the same flow direction of the system flow channel is gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel. The above design aims at increasing the longitudinal vortex dimension and strength of a single array (single channel) along the main flow direction, adapting to the increasing particle size.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (8)
1. A cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system, characterized in that: the system flow channel is internally provided with a cascade array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust and mist collecting device, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is positioned at the upstream of the dust and mist collecting device, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is internally provided with a plurality of groups of vortex elements, and the sizes of the vortex elements in two adjacent groups of vortex element groups in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged in groups along the main flow direction of the system flow channel;
the vortex elements in each group of vortex elements are arranged in an array, the size, the strength and the direction of longitudinal vortices induced by two adjacent vortex element groups in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are the same, and the tracks of small inertial particles which rotate along with the vortices in the adjacent longitudinal vortices are intersected.
2. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the vortex elements are inclined lugs, and the spreading dimension and the protruding dimension of each inclined lug in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel along the flow channel wall surface of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
3. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the vortex elements are groove structures, and the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
4. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the vortex elements are spiral sheets, and the blade width or attack angle of each spiral sheet in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel is gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
5. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the vortex element is arranged on the wall surface of the system flow channel.
6. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the system flow channel is internally provided with a channel type grille, and the vortex element is arranged on the inner wall surface of the grille.
7. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the dust and mist collecting device is provided with a particle collecting structure, and the structural density of the particle collecting structure is matched with the particle size distribution of the outlet of the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator.
8. The cascade array longitudinal vortex dust mist coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the size of the vortex element of the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is determined by the following steps:
A. according to the definition of Stokes number (St) which measures the flow follow-up of particulate matter:
wherein ρ is p For the density of the particles themselves, U is the air flow velocity, d p For particle size, mu is aerodynamic viscosity, L is turbulent element scale, the physical meaning of St number is the ratio of particle relaxation time to flow characteristic time, the smaller St number is, the stronger the particle following property is, the easier the particle follows vortex, the larger St number is, the weaker the particle following property is, and the sliding between the particle and vortex is easy to generate;
B. according to the definition of St number, the vortex element dimensions are determined as follows:
C. after obtaining the particle size distribution in the dust-laden mist airflow, st=0.1i, where i=1 to n, the element dimension L required by each size class of particles to swirl is calculated a,i Wherein i=1 to n, L a,i A rotating scale corresponding to the size level of the nth grade particles;
D. let st=2, calculate the element dimension L required to produce a velocity slip between the maximum dimension level n-stage particles and the longitudinal vortex b，n ，L b，n Is the maximum sliding scale;
E. the 1 st stage vortex element is dimensioned as a rotating dimension L corresponding to the 1 st stage particle size class a，1 The level 2 vortex elements are dimensioned to correspond to the level 2 particle size class of the spinning dimension La，2 The (n-1) -th stage vortex element is dimensioned as a swirl dimension L corresponding to the n-1 stage particle size class a，(n-1) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ensuring that the maximum swirl dimension is less than the maximum slip dimension, i.e. ensuring L a,i,max ＜L b，n I.e. when the swirl dimension of a certain level of particles is larger than the slip dimension of the largest level of particles, the dimension of the swirl element is not increased any more.
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