CN114797290A - Step array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system - Google Patents
Step array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114797290A CN114797290A CN202210355797.1A CN202210355797A CN114797290A CN 114797290 A CN114797290 A CN 114797290A CN 202210355797 A CN202210355797 A CN 202210355797A CN 114797290 A CN114797290 A CN 114797290A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011044 inertial separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
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Abstract
The invention provides a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system, wherein a cascade array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust fog collecting device are arranged in a system flow channel, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is positioned at the upstream of the dust fog collecting device, a plurality of groups of vortex elements are arranged in the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator, and the sizes of two adjacent groups of vortex elements in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel according to the groups. The invention utilizes the principle of longitudinal vortexes, small particles rotate along with the vortexes in the same longitudinal vortexes, large particles move axially, the speed slippage among the particles with different sizes improves the coalescence probability among the particles, the overall size of the particles is gradually increased along the flow direction, the directions of the parallel adjacent longitudinal vortexes are consistent, the collision probability among the small particles rotating along with the vortexes is improved, and the size of the particles is also gradually increased along the flow direction. The high collision coalescence probability among the particles is maintained by the longitudinal vortexes of the stepped array, the inertial separation requirement of a downstream dust and mist removing device is met, and the aim of efficiently removing dust and mist is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial dust (fog), in particular to a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog merging system and a design method.
Background
Various occasions in the industrial field face the requirements of dust removal (fog), and the purposes of resource recovery and regeneration and environmental protection are achieved. For example, water mist in a cooling tower is collected, fine particle pollutants in the flue gas treatment of a power plant are filtered, dust generated by metallurgy and machining is recovered, and salt mist aerosol in an air inlet system of a marine ship is filtered.
The basic principle of the dust (fog) removing device comprises inertia interception and electrostatic adsorption, and the two mechanisms enable the filtering capacity of the existing dust (fog) removing device to be higher for large particles above micron-sized particles, but for submicron or nanometer-sized particles, due to weak inertia effect, the airflow following property is strong, the electric charge is small, the filtering efficiency is lower, and the requirements of collection and discharge are far not met.
The basic approach to the problem of difficulty in filtering out small particles is to aggregate small particles into large particles. The current adopted coalescence mode is turbulent coalescence and charged coalescence, wherein the charged coalescence utilizes opposite charges to attract particles, the coalescence efficiency is higher, but additional electric energy input is needed, the energy consumption is higher, the turbulent coalescence utilizes the turbulent diffusion effect in a flow field to realize the collision of the particles, and the method has certain randomness and low coalescence efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog collecting system, which can change the disorder of the vortex into the controllability, can greatly improve the particle collecting efficiency without additional electric energy input, and achieves the purposes of high efficiency and low consumption of the collecting and dedusting (fog) system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog merging system is characterized in that a cascade array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust fog collecting device are arranged in a system flow channel, the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator is located at the upstream of the dust fog collecting device, a plurality of groups of vortex elements are arranged in the cascade array longitudinal vortex generator, and the sizes of the vortex elements in two adjacent groups of vortex elements in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel according to the groups.
Furthermore, the vortex elements in each group of vortex elements are arranged in an array, the size, strength and direction of longitudinal vortexes induced by two adjacent vortex element groups in the same flow direction of a system flow channel are the same, and the small inertia particle tracks rotating along with the vortexes in the adjacent longitudinal vortexes are intersected.
Preferably, the vortex elements are inclined lugs, and the spanwise dimension and the protruding dimension of each inclined lug in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel along the flow channel wall surface of the system flow channel gradually expand along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Preferably, the vortex elements are groove structures, and the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Preferably, the vortex elements are spiral pieces, and the blade width or the attack angle of each spiral piece in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel gradually enlarges along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
Furthermore, the vortex element is arranged on the wall surface of the system flow channel.
Furthermore, a channel type grid is arranged in the system flow channel, and the vortex element is arranged on the inner wall surface of the grid.
Furthermore, the dust and fog collecting device is provided with a particle collecting structure, and the structural density of the particle collecting structure is matched with the particle size distribution of the outlet of the longitudinal vortex generator of the step array.
Further, the size of the eddy current element of the step array longitudinal vortex generator is determined by the following steps:
A. according to the definition of stokes number (St) which can measure the follow-up of particulate matter gas flow:
where ρ is p Is the density of the particle itself, U is the air velocity, d p Is the size of the particlesMu is the dynamic viscosity of the airflow, L is the scale of the turbulence element, the physical meaning of St number is the ratio of the relaxation time of the particles to the flow characteristic time, the smaller St number is, the stronger the particle following property is, the more easily the particles can rotate along with the vortex, the larger St number is, the weaker the particle following property is, the more easily the particles can slide with the vortex;
B. by definition of the St number, the eddy current element dimensions are determined as follows:
C. after the particle size distribution in the dust-containing mist air flow is obtained, St is 0.1i, wherein i is 1-n, and the element size L required by the particles of each size grade to move along with the vortex is calculated a,i Wherein i is 1 to n, L a,i The rotating scale corresponding to the nth grade of particle size grade;
D. let St be 2, calculate the element dimension L required for the generation of speed slip between the maximum size class n grade particles and the longitudinal vortex b，n ，L b，n Is the maximum slip dimension;
E. the 1 st order vortex element is dimensioned to have a swirl dimension L corresponding to the 1 st order particle size order a，1 The 2 nd order vortex element is dimensioned to be a swirl dimension corresponding to the 2 nd order particle size order La，2 The (n-1) th order eddy current element is dimensioned to have a swirl dimension L corresponding to the particle size order of the n-1 order a，(n-1) (ii) a Ensuring that the maximum swirl dimension is less than the maximum slip dimension, i.e. ensuring L a,i,max ＜L b，n I.e. when the swirl dimension of a particle of a certain grade is larger than the slip dimension of the particle of the largest grade, the dimensions of the swirl element are not increased any more.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dust laden mist air stream forms a series of longitudinal vortices as it passes over the vortex elements. In the same longitudinal vortex, small particles rotate along with the vortex, large particles move axially, and the speed slippage among different particles improves the coalescence probability among the particles, so that the overall size of the particles is gradually increased along the flow direction. The directions of the longitudinal vortex flows which are adjacent side by side are consistent, the collision probability among small particles which rotate along with the vortex is improved, and the particle size is gradually increased along the flow direction. The vortex elements are gradually enlarged in size with the aim of forming longitudinal vortices of greater size and strength, so that part of the particles always remain swirling with the vortices, i.e. the longitudinal vortices maintain a high probability of collision coalescence among the particles in a stepped array. The particles flowing out of the longitudinal vortex generator have a large enough size to meet the requirement of inertial separation of a downstream dust and mist removing device, so that the aim of efficiently removing dust and mist is fulfilled.
1. In a single longitudinal vortex, obvious track crossing and speed slippage are generated between small particles and large particles, and the collision coalescence probability between the large particles and the small particles is improved; the directions of the spread adjacent longitudinal vortexes are the same, the tracks are intersected, the small particles are rotated to continuously collide, and the coalescence efficiency among the small particles is improved; by the vortex elements which are gradually enlarged in groups along the main flow direction of the system flow channel;
2. the size strength of the longitudinal vortex is expanded in a controllable range along the main flow direction, the longitudinal vortex is suitable for the rotation of the long and large particles along with the vortex, and the collision coalescence strengthening mechanism is repeatedly realized;
3. the longitudinal vortex obviously enlarges the traveling distance of the particles in the limited runner space, prolongs the detention time of the particles and indirectly improves the collision coalescence probability;
4. the particle size of the particles at the outlet of the longitudinal vortex generator of the array generally grows to be more than micron level, so that the filtering efficiency of the downstream dust and mist collecting device is greatly improved, the structural density of the dust and mist collecting device can be reduced, the aerodynamic resistance is reduced, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is an embodiment employing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the single channel, single wall tab placement of the grid of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the four-stage lug placement of the single channels of the grid of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the size distribution of the mist droplet clusters coalesced according to the example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the mechanism of coalescence enhancement of differently sized particles within a single longitudinal vortex in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of coalescence enhancement of small particles of the same size class between spanwise adjacent longitudinal vortices in the present invention.
In the figure 1, a four-level convex plate group 2, a three-level convex plate group 3, a two-level convex plate group 4, a one-level convex plate group 5, a grating shell 6, a flange 7, a single channel 8, an upstream lug 9, an initial large particle 10, a large particle track 11, a small particle 12, a coalescence large particle 13, a longitudinal vortex 14, a downstream lug 15 and a same-group adjacent lug.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams illustrating the basic structure of the present invention only in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention, and directions and references (e.g., upper, lower, left, right, etc.) may be used only to help the description of the features in the drawings. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
The step array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system shown in fig. 1-3 is designed to correspond to the fog drop group shown in fig. 4.
The fog drops are salt-containing water drops, and the density of the fog drops is rho p ＝1100kg/m 3 The airflow speed is 5m/s, and the airflow dynamic viscosity is 17.9 multiplied by 10 -6 Pa · s, minimum particle size of 5 μm, maximum particle size of 45 μm, in 9 size classes. In the flow channel of 300mm multiplied by 300mm, the demisting system design is carried out.
From empirical data, the St numbers are respectively 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, …, and 0.9 to calculate the corresponding L a 。
Let St equal 0.1, calculate L a,1 Obtaining L as 4.244mm, and taking L a,1 Is 4.3 mm.
Let St equal 0.2, calculate L a,2 Obtaining L as 8.488mm a,2 Is 8.5 mm.
Let St equal0.3, calculate L a,3 Obtaining L as 12.731mm a,3 Is 12.8 mm.
Let St equal 0.4, calculate L a,4 Obtaining L as 16.975mm a,4 Is 17 mm.
Let St equal 0.5, calculate L a,5 Obtaining L as 21.219mm a,5 Is 21.3 mm.
Let St equal 0.6, calculate L a,6 Obtaining L as 25.463mm a,6 Is 25.5 mm.
Let St equal 0.7, calculate L a,7 Obtaining L as 29.707mm a,7 Is 30 mm.
Let St equal 0.8, calculate L a,8 Obtaining L as 33.951mm a,8 Is 34 mm.
Let St equal 0.9, calculate L a,9 Obtaining L as 38.194mm a,9 Is 38.2 mm.
Let St equal 2, calculate L b，9 L is 17.284mm, namely L a，imax ＜L b，9 When the value is zero, i is 4.
Therefore to L a，4 The dimensions of the eddy current elements are not increased any more.
A single channel is taken to be 755mm multiplied by 55mm, and 25 channels form a channel grid.
The core area of the flow in a general industrial pipeline is in a turbulent flow state, has a relatively obvious spanwise velocity component, is beneficial to the interaction and coalescence among particles, but in a near-wall area, the flow has the characteristic of layering, and the spanwise velocity component is small, so that the interaction and coalescence among particles are not beneficial. In order to further strengthen the particle coalescence in the channel core area, a channel type grating can be arranged in the flow channel, and a vortex element is arranged on the inner wall surface of the grating. The denser the grid, the higher the degree of strengthening of the particle coalescence.
Thus, according to the calculation, the cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog gathering system comprises a grating shell 5, gratings distributed in a 5 × 5 rectangular array are arranged in the grating shell 5, and grating single channels 7 which are 5 × 5 in a separating mode are arranged in the grating shell 5. Four groups of convex plate groups are distributed on each grating single channel 7, namely a first-stage convex plate group 4, a second-stage convex plate group 3, a third-stage convex plate group 2 and a fourth-stage convex plate group 1.
The first-stage convex plate group 4, the second-stage convex plate group 3, the third-stage convex plate group 2 and the fourth-stage convex plate group 1 are sequentially distributed along the main flow direction in the single channel 7. Wherein, the structure and the size of each lug in each lug group are the same and are fixed on the wall surface of the single channel 7. The sizes of the lugs in the two adjacent lug groups are gradually increased, so that the longitudinal vortex size and the strength in the single channel 7 are gradually increased along the main flow direction, and the gradually increased particle size is conveniently adapted.
In the cascade array longitudinal vortex dust fog merging system, the structural density of the dust fog collecting device depends on the particle size distribution of the outlet of the longitudinal vortex generator, and the merged particles have larger size and obvious inertia effect, so that the dust fog collecting device can achieve higher dust fog collecting efficiency by using lower structural density, and the purposes of fully reducing flow resistance and reducing system energy consumption are achieved. For example, for a baffling blade type dust and mist collecting device, the blade pitch can be enlarged or the deflection angle can be reduced corresponding to gradually increased particles; for the axial flow cyclone type dust and mist collecting device, the thickness of the blade or the attack angle of the blade can be reduced; for woven structure dust collection devices, smaller fabric wire diameters or larger mesh sizes may be used.
Accordingly, in the present invention, the structure of the vortex elements is not limited to the above-mentioned protruding pieces, and may be a groove structure or a spiral piece. When the vortex element is designed to be a groove structure, the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex element in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel. When the vortex elements are designed as spiral pieces, the blade width or the attack angle of each spiral piece in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow passage is gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow passage. The above design aims to provide a single array (single channel) with progressively increasing longitudinal vortex size and intensity along the main flow direction, accommodating progressively increasing particle sizes.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A step array longitudinal vortex dust fog coalescence system is characterized in that: the system flow passage is internally provided with a step array longitudinal vortex generator and a dust fog collecting device, the step array longitudinal vortex generator is positioned at the upper stream of the dust fog collecting device, the step array longitudinal vortex generator is internally provided with a plurality of groups of vortex elements, and the sizes of the vortex elements in two adjacent groups of vortex elements in the plurality of groups of vortex elements are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow passage according to the groups.
2. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the vortex elements in each group of vortex elements are arranged in an array, the size, the strength and the direction of longitudinal vortexes induced by two adjacent vortex element groups in the same flow direction of a system flow channel are the same, and the small inertia particle tracks rotating along with vortexes in the adjacent longitudinal vortexes are intersected.
3. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 2, wherein: the vortex elements are inclined lugs, and the spanwise size and the protruding size of each inclined lug in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel along the wall surface of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
4. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 2, wherein: the vortex elements are groove structures, and the concave depth and the concave area of each groove structure in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel are gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
5. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 2, wherein: the vortex elements are spiral sheets, and the blade width or the attack angle of each spiral sheet in the vortex elements in the same flow direction of the system flow channel is gradually enlarged along the main flow direction of the system flow channel.
6. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the vortex element is arranged on the wall surface of the system flow channel.
7. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the system flow passage is internally provided with a channel type grating, and the vortex element is arranged on the inner wall surface of the grating.
8. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the dust fog collecting device is provided with a particle collecting structure, and the structure density of the particle collecting structure is matched with the particle size distribution of the outlet of the longitudinal vortex generator of the step array.
9. The cascade array longitudinal vortex fog coalescing system of claim 1, wherein: the size of the eddy current element of the step array longitudinal vortex generator is determined by the following steps:
A. according to the definition of stokes number (St) which can measure the follow-up of particulate matter gas flow:
where ρ is p Is the density of the particle itself, U is the air velocity, d p The particle size is, mu is the airflow dynamic viscosity, L is the size of the turbulence element, the physical meaning of St number is the ratio of the particle relaxation time to the flow characteristic time, the smaller St number is, the stronger the particle following property is, the more easily the particle follows the vortex, the larger St number is, the weaker the particle following property is, the more easily the particle slides with the vortex;
B. by definition of the St number, the eddy current element dimensions are determined as follows:
C. after the particle size distribution in the dust-containing mist air flow is obtained, St is 0.1i, wherein i is 1-n, and the element size L required by the particles of each size grade to move along with the vortex is calculated a,i Wherein i is 1 to n, L a,i The rotating scale corresponding to the nth grade of particle size grade;
D. let St equal 2, calculate the element dimension L required for generating speed slippage between the maximum size grade n grade particles and the longitudinal vortex b，n ，L b，n Is the maximum slip dimension;
E. the 1 st order vortex element is dimensioned to have a swirl dimension L corresponding to the 1 st order particle size order a，1 The 2 nd order vortex element is dimensioned to be a swirl dimension corresponding to the 2 nd order particle size order La，2 The (n-1) th order eddy current element is dimensioned to have a swirl dimension L corresponding to the particle size order of the n-1 order a，(n-1) (ii) a Ensuring that the maximum swirl dimension is less than the maximum slip dimension, i.e. ensuring L a,i,max ＜L b，n I.e. when the swirl dimension of a particle of a certain grade is larger than the slip dimension of the particle of the largest grade, the dimensions of the swirl element are not increased any more.
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