CN114794271B - Industrial production method of cold-soluble black tea powder - Google Patents
Industrial production method of cold-soluble black tea powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114794271B CN114794271B CN202210560887.4A CN202210560887A CN114794271B CN 114794271 B CN114794271 B CN 114794271B CN 202210560887 A CN202210560887 A CN 202210560887A CN 114794271 B CN114794271 B CN 114794271B
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020344 instant tea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020965 cold beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019225 fermented tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/18—Extraction of water soluble tea constituents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/22—Drying or concentrating tea extract
- A23F3/28—Drying or concentrating tea extract by spraying into a gas stream
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial production method of cold-soluble black tea powder. Taking black tea as a raw material, extracting tea leaves to obtain tea juice, adding a precipitator, precipitating tea cheese, centrifuging to remove, charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH value of the feed liquid, placing into a vacuum tank, vacuumizing to remove redundant carbon dioxide gas, filtering to clarify the tea juice by using a ceramic membrane, desalting by using an electrodialysis membrane, concentrating by using a reverse osmosis membrane, and spray drying to obtain tea powder. The method uses a chemical method to prepare cold-soluble tea, is easy to control and operate, is easier to realize industrialization, and the obtained instant tea powder can be completely dissolved in cold water at about 10 ℃, and is clear and transparent; the total ash content of the product is below 5%, and completely meets the standard of cold-soluble tea. The obtained tea powder can be directly brewed and drunk, and can also be used as a raw material of tea beverage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tea finish machining, and particularly relates to a production and preparation process of cold-soluble tea powder.
Background
Black tea is a fully fermented tea which is prepared by taking proper fresh tea leaves of tea trees as raw materials and refining the tea through a series of processes of withering, rolling (cutting), fermenting, drying and the like. Black tea is mainly soaked in hot water for drinking, but is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and tea residues are treated later. The instant tea powder is prepared by taking tea leaves as raw materials, leaching the tea leaves by water, and then spray drying, and can be drunk by people only by simply brewing the tea leaves with water, so that the instant tea powder is time-saving, labor-saving and convenient to carry. The traditional instant tea powder is mainly prepared by hot water, but the pursuit of cold-soluble tea powder is gradually promoted in consideration of the desire of people for cold drinks and the requirements of tea drinks in summer. However, the tea juice obtained by extracting tea leaves is cold and muddy after being cooled, and is mainly formed by complexing and flocculating substances such as tea polyphenol and caffeine in the tea juice and protein pectin in the tea soup, so that cold-soluble tea is prepared, and particularly the industrial cold-soluble tea is difficult and heavy to prepare.
The preparation technology of cold-soluble tea powder is mainly prepared by low-temperature extraction, enzymolysis treatment of tea juice or low-temperature removal of tea cheese. However, the low-temperature extraction yield is low, the waste of tea is caused, the enzymolysis treatment cost is high, the requirement on the production condition is high, the tea cheese particles in the tea soup are fine, the tea cheese particles are suspended in the tea juice and are difficult to completely remove, the ultrafiltration membrane is used for filtering and removing, the difficulty is high, the temperature of the feed liquid is raised in the filtering process, the phenomenon of re-dissolving the tea cheese occurs, and the obtained tea powder can not meet the requirement of complete cold dissolution, so that the development of cold dissolution tea causes great resistance to industrial production, and the industrial production method of the cold dissolution tea powder for simplifying the production process is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of cold-soluble tea powder, which is characterized in that calcium or magnesium ions are added, fine tea cheese particles are rapidly aggregated in tea juice to enable tea cheese in the tea juice to be aggregated and precipitated, and the tea cheese is not easy to remove in a way of suspending small molecules in tea soup, multivalent ions in feed liquid are completely removed in a later stage by combining a carbon dioxide callback and electrodialysis desalination, so that the cold solubility of the product is prevented from being influenced. The method can effectively improve the capacity of industrial production, and the obtained product can be completely dissolved in cold water at about 10 ℃, and is clear and transparent; the total ash content of the obtained product is below 5%, completely meets the standard of cold-soluble tea, and meets the market requirement.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an industrial production method of cold-soluble black tea powder comprises the following steps:
a) Crushing tea leaves;
b) Feeding the crushed tea leaves into countercurrent circulation extraction equipment, and extracting to obtain tea juice;
c) Cooling the tea juice obtained in the step b), and adding a precipitating agent to precipitate tea cheese; the precipitant is calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or a mixture of the two; the pH of the tea juice is 9-11 after adding the precipitant;
d) Centrifuging the tea juice obtained in the step c) to remove sediment, and charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH value of the feed liquid so as to remove redundant ions; the pH value of the tea juice after the adjustment is controlled to be 4-5;
e) Placing the tea juice obtained in the step d) into a vacuum tank, and vacuumizing to remove redundant carbon dioxide gas;
f) Filtering the tea juice obtained in the step e) by using a ceramic membrane, desalting by using an electrodialysis membrane, concentrating by using a reverse osmosis membrane, sterilizing the tea juice obtained after removing part of ions, and spray-drying to obtain tea powder.
Preferably, the precipitant is required to be dissolved into an emulsion with a mass fraction of 5-10% before use, and then the tea juice obtained in step b) is added, and the solution cannot be directly added to cause temperature rise of the solution, so that the tea cheese is dissolved back.
Preferably, the sedimentation time in step c) is 30-60min.
Preferably, the temperature of the tea juice obtained in step b) in step c) is controlled to be 5-25 ℃ after the temperature is reduced. The heat exchanger is recommended preferentially for cooling the feed liquid.
Preferably, the centrifuge used for centrifugation in step d) is one of a disk or a tripod centrifuge.
Preferably, the pH value is regulated in a sealed pressure-resistant tank, the temperature of the regulated pH value is not more than 20 ℃ (the temperature is too high, which is not beneficial to dissolving carbon dioxide into the feed liquid), the pressure is controlled to be 2-4 times of the atmospheric pressure when the carbon dioxide is inflated, and after the inflation is finished, the pressure is kept still for 10-30min, so that the redundant calcium and magnesium are completely settled.
Preferably, in the step f, the pore diameter of the ceramic membrane is selected to be 100-200nm, salt ions are removed by the electrodialysis membrane, the desalination is stopped after the total ash content of the final tea powder is less than 5%, and the concentration of the tea juice is stopped after the concentration of the reverse osmosis membrane is more than 30%.
Preferably, the vacuum degree used for vacuumizing and removing carbon dioxide in the step e) is between-30 Pa and-50 Pa, and the degassing time is 5-20min.
Preferably, the temperature of the circulating countercurrent extraction in the step b) is controlled at 60-90 ℃, the feeding amount is controlled at 200-300kg per hour, the water adding amount is controlled at 3-5t per hour, the extraction time is controlled at 30-50min, and the required water is deionized water.
Preferably, the black tea material in step a) comprises one or more of Yunnan black tea, qimen black tea and Zhengshan black tea, and the granularity of the crushed black tea is controlled to be 30-60 meshes.
The invention aims to solve the problem that cold-dissolved tea powder is not easy to realize industrialized production, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is particularly selected as a precipitant because the calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is slightly dissolved in a solution, calcium ions or magnesium ions are not excessively introduced, later removal is difficult, most of calcium and magnesium salts are insoluble, excessive calcium ions and magnesium ions are easy to remove, the calcium ions and magnesium ions are introduced to continuously combine tea cheese in tea juice into larger molecules for flocculation, and the tea cheese can be removed after precipitation and centrifugation. The method is simple, convenient and fast to operate and suitable for industrial production.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme lie in:
1. the method uses calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide to gather and precipitate the produced tea cheese, is convenient to remove, and reduces the pressure of directly using ceramic membrane to filter and remove the tea cheese in industrial production;
2. the calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is used as a precipitator, so that the later treatment is convenient, the calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is slightly dissolved in the solution, calcium ions and magnesium ions are not excessively introduced, the later treatment is difficult to remove, the calcium and magnesium salts are insoluble, and the excessive calcium ions and magnesium ions are easy to remove;
3. the later carbon dioxide callback combines with electrodialysis membrane desalination to thoroughly remove multivalent ions in tea soup, avoid the reformation of later tea cheese, ensure that tea powder can be completely dissolved in water at 10 ℃, and break through the convention that the tea powder can only be brewed by hot water;
4. the chemical method is used for removing tea cheese, so that the process is more stable, is easier to control than an enzymatic method, has lower requirements on production precision, has simple and smooth production flow, and is more suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a graph comparing the cold dissolution effect of the tea powder of the present invention.
Wherein, the left graph is a cold dissolution effect graph of the tea powder, and the right graph is a cold dissolution effect graph of the conventional tea powder.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples:
example 1
a) Unpacking 2t Yunnan black tea leaves, and crushing into 40 meshes by a crusher.
b) Feeding crushed tea leaves of the Yunnan black tea into countercurrent circulation extraction equipment, wherein the temperature of circulation countercurrent extraction is controlled at 60 ℃; the feeding amount is controlled to be 200kg per hour; adding water 3t per hour; the extraction time is 30min. Extracting to obtain tea juice.
c) And (3) carrying out heat exchange on the extracted tea juice, cooling to 15 ℃, then adding calcium hydroxide, adjusting the pH of the tea juice to 9, standing and settling for 30min, and precipitating the tea cheese.
d) Centrifuging the precipitated feed liquid disc to remove the precipitate, pumping the tea juice into a vacuum tank, charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH of the feed liquid, controlling the pressure at 2 times of the atmospheric pressure when charging the carbon dioxide, and controlling the pH of the tea juice after charging to be 4.0. After the aeration is finished, keeping the pressure for standing for 10-30min, so that the redundant calcium is completely settled.
e) And (3) after removing the superfluous ions, feeding the tea juice into a vacuum tank, and vacuumizing to remove superfluous carbon dioxide gas. The vacuum degree used for vacuumizing and removing carbon dioxide is-30 Pa, and the degassing time is 5min.
f) Filtering the clarified tea juice by a ceramic membrane with a pore diameter of 100nm, desalting by an electrodialysis membrane until the ash content of the tea powder is 5%, concentrating by a reverse osmosis membrane to 30%, sterilizing the tea juice, and spray drying to obtain the tea powder. The obtained tea powder can be completely dissolved in cold water at about 10deg.C, and is clear and transparent; the total ash content of the product is 5%, which completely accords with the standard of cold-soluble tea powder.
Example 2
a) Unpacking 3t Zhengshan black tea leaves, and pulverizing to 60 mesh.
b) Feeding crushed Qimen black tea leaves into countercurrent circulating extraction equipment, wherein the temperature of circulating countercurrent extraction is controlled at 80 ℃; the feeding amount is controlled to be 250kg per hour; 4t of water is added per hour; the extraction time is 50min. Extracting to obtain tea juice.
c) And (3) carrying out heat exchange on the extracted tea juice, cooling to 5 ℃, then adding magnesium hydroxide, adjusting the pH of the tea juice to 11, standing and settling for 60min, and precipitating the tea cheese.
d) Centrifuging the precipitated feed liquid disc to remove the precipitate, pumping the tea juice into a vacuum tank, charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH of the feed liquid, controlling the pressure at 3 times of atmospheric pressure when charging carbon dioxide, and controlling the pH of the tea juice to be 4.5 after charging. After the aeration is finished, the pressure is kept still for 20min, so that the superfluous magnesium is completely settled.
e) And (3) after removing the superfluous ions, feeding the tea juice into a vacuum tank, and vacuumizing to remove superfluous carbon dioxide gas. The vacuum degree used for vacuumizing and removing carbon dioxide is-40 Pa, and the degassing time is 10min.
f) Filtering and clarifying tea juice by using a ceramic membrane with a pore diameter of 200nm, desalting by using an electrodialysis membrane until the ash content of tea powder is 4%, stopping concentrating by using a reverse osmosis membrane until the ash content of tea powder is 35%, sterilizing the tea juice, and spray drying to obtain the tea powder. The obtained tea powder can be completely dissolved in cold water at about 10deg.C, and is clear and transparent; the total ash content of the product is 4%, which completely accords with the standard of cold-soluble tea powder.
Example 3
a) Unpacking 3t Qimen black tea leaves, and crushing into 50 meshes by a crusher.
b) Feeding crushed Qimen black tea leaves into countercurrent circulating extraction equipment, wherein the temperature of circulating countercurrent extraction is controlled at 70 ℃; the feeding amount is controlled at 300kg per hour; adding water in an amount of 5t per hour; the extraction time is 40min. Extracting to obtain tea juice.
c) Cooling the extracted tea juice to 25 ℃ through heat exchange, and then adding calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide 1:1 (mass ratio) mixing precipitant, regulating pH of tea juice to 10, standing and settling for 45min, and precipitating tea cheese;
d) Centrifuging the precipitated feed liquid disc to remove the precipitate, pumping the tea juice into a vacuum tank, charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH of the feed liquid, controlling the pressure at 4 times of atmospheric pressure when charging carbon dioxide, and controlling the pH of the tea juice to be 5 after charging. After the aeration is finished, the pressure is kept still for 30min, so that the superfluous calcium and magnesium are completely settled.
e) And (3) after removing the superfluous ions, feeding the tea juice into a vacuum tank, and vacuumizing to remove superfluous carbon dioxide gas. The vacuum degree used for vacuumizing and removing carbon dioxide is-50 Pa, and the degassing time is 20min.
f) Filtering to clarify tea juice with 150nm pore size ceramic membrane, desalting with electrodialysis membrane until ash content of tea powder is 3%, concentrating with reverse osmosis membrane to 35%, sterilizing tea juice, and spray drying to obtain tea powder. The obtained tea powder can be completely dissolved in cold water at about 10deg.C, and is clear and transparent; the total ash content of the product is 3%, which completely accords with the standard of cold-soluble tea powder.
The above embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not constitute any limitation of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An industrial production method of cold-soluble black tea powder is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a) Crushing tea leaves;
b) Feeding crushed tea leaves into countercurrent circulation extraction equipment, extracting to obtain tea juice, and controlling the temperature of circulation countercurrent extraction at 60-90 ℃;
c) Cooling the tea juice obtained in the step b) to 5-25 ℃, and adding a precipitating agent to precipitate tea cheese, wherein the precipitating agent is calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or a mixture of the calcium hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide; the pH of the tea juice is 9-11 after adding the precipitant, and the precipitant needs to be dissolved into emulsion with the mass fraction of 5-10% for 30-60min before using;
d) Centrifuging the tea juice obtained in the step c) to remove sediment, and charging carbon dioxide to adjust the pH value of the feed liquid; the pH value of the tea juice after the adjustment is controlled to be 4-5, the adjustment is carried out in a sealed pressure-resistant tank, the temperature of the adjustment pH value is not more than 20 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 2-4 times of the atmospheric pressure when the carbon dioxide is inflated, and the pressure is kept to stand for 10-30min after the inflation is finished, so that redundant calcium and magnesium ions are completely settled;
e) Placing the tea juice obtained in the step d) into a vacuum tank, and vacuumizing to remove redundant carbon dioxide gas;
f) And e) filtering the tea juice obtained in the step e) by using a ceramic membrane, desalting by using an electrodialysis membrane, concentrating by using a reverse osmosis membrane, and spray drying to obtain tea powder, wherein the pore diameter selected by the ceramic membrane is 100-200nm, and the electrodialysis membrane removes salt ions, so that the total ash content of the final tea powder is ensured to be less than 5%, then the desalting is stopped, and the reverse osmosis membrane is concentrated until the tea juice concentration is more than 30%.
2. A process for the industrial production of cold-soluble black tea powder according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge used in step d) is one of a disk or a tripod centrifuge.
3. An industrial process for the production of cold-soluble black tea powder according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum degree used for evacuating and removing carbon dioxide in step e) is between-30 Pa and-50 Pa and the degassing time is between 5 and 20 minutes.
4. An industrial process for producing cold-soluble black tea powder according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water added is controlled to be 200-300 kg/hr, the amount of water added is controlled to be 3-5 t/hr, the extraction time is controlled to be 30-50min, and the water is deionized water.
5. An industrial process for producing cold-soluble black tea powder according to claim 1, wherein the black tea material in step a) comprises one or more of black tea of the genus black, black tea of the family black, and the genus zhengshan, and the particle size of the crushed black tea is controlled to 30-60 mesh.
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| CN1118659A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1996-03-20 | 卡夫食品有限公司 | Enzymatic calrification of tea extracts |
| CN1318311A (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2001-10-24 | 广东华城食品有限公司 | Cold water soluble acid-resisting instant red tea powder and its production process |
| CN101518291A (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2009-09-02 | 南京融点食品科技有限公司 | Preparation method for instant tea |
| CN112155107A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-01 | 杭州茗宝生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of low-caffeine instant black tea |
| CN112568303A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-30 | 杭州凯洁膜分离技术有限公司 | Instant tea preparation process based on microfiltration-reverse osmosis technology |
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