CN113355383A - Comprehensive utilization and processing method of spirulina - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization and processing method of spirulina Download PDFInfo
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- CN113355383A CN113355383A CN202110626355.1A CN202110626355A CN113355383A CN 113355383 A CN113355383 A CN 113355383A CN 202110626355 A CN202110626355 A CN 202110626355A CN 113355383 A CN113355383 A CN 113355383A
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive utilization and processing method of spirulina, which belongs to the technical field of food processing, and comprises the steps of spirulina pretreatment, extraction and separation, wherein primary extract is subjected to compound enzymolysis to prepare phycocyanin peptide, spirulina residues are subjected to compound enzymolysis to prepare spirulina protein peptide, and ultrafiltration concentrated solution is subjected to refining and impurity removal to prepare spirulina polysaccharide; according to the method, molecular weight division of protein and polysaccharide is realized by an enzymolysis mode, meanwhile, by utilizing distribution difference of phycocyanin and spirulina protein in cell tissues, soluble phycocyanin is dissolved out by a crushing and extracting mode to realize separation of phycocyanin in an extracting solution and protein in a cell wall, and then two products of phycocyanin peptide and spirulina protein peptide are obtained by respectively carrying out enzymolysis on the extracting solution and spirulina residues; the method avoids the use of organic reagents, simplifies the extraction steps of the comprehensive utilization of the spirulina products, and improves the comprehensive utilization value of the spirulina resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for comprehensively utilizing, extracting and processing polysaccharide, phycocyanin peptide and phycosomatic protein peptide in spirulina step by step, belonging to the technical field of food processing.
Background
The spirulina is a spiral prokaryotic alga of Oscillatoriaceae of Cyanophyceae, has protein content of 60-70%, also contains phycocyanin, polysaccharide, carotene, vitamins and other various nutrient elements, and is the best food for human in 21 st century recommended by food and agriculture organization and world health organization of the United nations. The first global spirulina yield in China is about 9000 tons every year, which accounts for more than 60% of the global market, but the spirulina yield is still at the downstream in the spirulina industry chain, a systematic comprehensive utilization and processing technology is lacked, and a product system with high added value is not formed.
At present, except for direct pressing into spirulina tablets and filling capsules, the processing mode of spirulina mainly takes phycocyanin extraction as a main component, but the traditional processing method does not realize the refinement and high-valued comprehensive utilization of raw material resources of spirulina. The spirulina protein is hydrolyzed into small molecular active peptide, the flavor of the spirulina protein can be improved, the taste and the digestion absorption utilization rate of the spirulina protein are improved, the activity of the spirulina protein in the aspects of oxidation resistance, immune regulation and the like is improved, and the effects of the spirulina protein in the aspects of oxidation resistance, tumor resistance and the like can be further improved after the spirulina protein is subjected to enzymolysis treatment. At present, the research on the preparation of spirulina protein peptide is more, and a plurality of patents such as a preparation method of novel spirulina powder with small molecular active peptide, an industrial production method for obtaining spirulina antioxidant oligopeptide through high-concentration two-step enzymolysis, a spirulina polypeptide extraction process, spirulina active peptide, a composition and a preparation method relate to a preparation process of protein peptide with spirulina as a raw material, but the preparation processes are direct enzymolysis with the spirulina raw material as a substrate, and the spirulina protein peptide is prepared through the steps of concentrating, purifying, drying and the like of an enzymolysis product, so that the research on the overall comprehensive utilization technology of the spirulina raw material is lacked. A method for extracting various active substances from spirulina and application thereof provide a method for extracting various active substances from spirulina, and phycocyanin, protein, gamma linolenic acid, spirulina polysaccharide, selenoprotein, chlorophyll, carotene and other effective substances are obtained by fractional precipitation separation, but the operation steps are complicated and are not suitable for industrial application; a method for classifying the bioactive substances in spirulina includes such steps as extracting phycocyanin peptide, supercritical carbon dioxide extracting to obtain glycolipid, baking residual algae dregs to obtain coarse spirulina protein and polyose, and classifying the spirulina. The above-mentioned integrated methods all involve the use of organic solvents, not only increase the production cost, have higher requirements for production conditions too, make it have limitations in the actual production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spirulina comprehensive utilization processing method with strong operability. The method aims at three main components of spirulina polysaccharide, phycocyanin, phycobiont protein and the like, and adopts the modes of step-by-step separation, directional enzymolysis and molecular weight grading to realize the separation, extraction and preparation of the three components, so as to respectively obtain three products of spirulina polysaccharide, phycocyanin peptide and phycobiont protein peptide, and furthest realize the utilization of effective components in the spirulina raw material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a comprehensive utilization and processing method of spirulina specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating, extracting and separating spirulina: before extraction, the spirulina needs to be subjected to swelling and wall breaking treatment to enable soluble matters in cells to be dissolved out, the temperature is controlled to be lower than 50 ℃ in the whole process, and after homogenization, solid-liquid separation is carried out on the materials to obtain primary extracting solution and spirulina residues 1. The extract is used as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide for later use, and the algae residue is used as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide for later use.
(2) Preparing phycocyanin peptide from the primary extract through compound enzymolysis:
transferring the primary extract obtained by separation in the step (1) to an enzymolysis tank, adding 1-2 of alkaline protease, neutral protease and papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 50 ℃; the liquid after enzymolysis is microfiltered to remove macroscopic impurities, and then is ultrafiltered and concentrated by molecular weight cut-off of 8000, and the ultrafiltered and concentrated solution is used for subsequent extraction of spirulina maximaSugar raw material, ultrafiltration permeate is used as raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide; concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is 0.2mS cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; freeze drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain phycocyanin peptide;
(3) preparing spirulina protein peptide by compound enzymolysis of algae residue:
transferring the algae residue 1 obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 1-2 of alkaline protease, neutral protease and papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 60 ℃; filtering or centrifugally separating the materials after enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis liquid and algae residues 2, and drying the algae residues 2 to be used as feed raw materials; decolorizing the enzymolysis liquid by active carbon, performing microfiltration treatment to remove visible impurities, performing ultrafiltration concentration on the microfiltration feed liquid by the cut-off molecular weight of 8000, taking the ultrafiltration concentrated solution as a raw material for extracting spirulina polysaccharide subsequently, and taking the ultrafiltration permeate as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide; concentrating the treated feed liquid by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the electric conductivity of the permeate is 0.2 mS.cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; spray drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain spirulina protein peptide;
(4) refining and removing impurities from the ultrafiltration concentrated solution to prepare spirulina polysaccharide:
adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution in the steps (2) and (3) to adjust the pH value to 2-3, and filtering through diatomite to remove impurities; adjusting pH of the filtered feed liquid to 6-7, concentrating by nanofiltration to solid content of 10-12%, adding purified water, desalting until the conductivity of the permeate reaches 0.2mS cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; and (4) carrying out spray drying on the concentrated feed liquid to obtain the spirulina polysaccharide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. aiming at the main three functional components in the spirulina: phycocyanin, spirulina polysaccharide and spirulina protein, and the molecular weight division of the protein and the polysaccharide is realized by an enzymolysis mode, so that the separation preparation of the phycocyanin, the spirulina polysaccharide and the spirulina protein can be realized by an ultrafiltration separation mode, and the complicated modes of grading, precipitation and the like are avoided; meanwhile, the protein in the spirulina raw material is subjected to enzymolysis to obtain the small molecular weight protein peptide, so that the functionality, flavor and solubility of the product are improved, and the development of subsequent products is facilitated;
2. the method is different from the prior patent technology that the whole spirulina enzymolysis treatment is carried out, phycocyanin and protein in spirulina bodies are distinguished and utilized, the distribution difference of phycocyanin and protein in spirulina bodies in cell tissues is utilized, soluble phycocyanin is dissolved out by a crushing and extracting mode firstly, the separation of phycocyanin in extracting solution and protein in cell walls is realized, and then two products of phycocyanin peptide and spirulina protein peptide are obtained by respectively carrying out enzymolysis on the extracting solution and phycoresidues; the phycocyanin is extremely unstable at high temperature, the temperature of the whole process of the preparation of the phycocyanin peptide needs to be kept lower than 50 ℃, the prepared phycocyanin peptide still keeps the unique brilliant blue of the phycocyanin, the functions of the phycocyanin in the aspects of oxidation resistance and tumor resistance can be further improved through enzymolysis, and the product value is improved;
3. compared with other comprehensive utilization processes, the novel process avoids the use of organic reagents, simplifies the extraction steps of comprehensive utilization of the spirulina product, realizes the step-by-step separation and extraction of main functional substances in the spirulina raw material, has strong technical operability, is more favorable for realizing industrial conversion, and provides a feasible technical scheme for high-valued comprehensive utilization of the spirulina resources.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples
The comprehensive utilization and processing technology of the spirulina specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating, extracting and separating spirulina: before extraction, spirulina needs to be swelled and wall-broken to dissolve out soluble substances in cells as much as possible. Adding tap water or purified water 8-10 times the weight of spirulina raw material into a stainless steel enzymolysis tank, adding spirulina powder raw material while stirring, soaking for 2-3h under normal temperature stirring state to swell, then breaking wall for 1 time by a high-pressure homogenizer with homogenizing pressure of 15-30MPa, and adopting cooling measure in the treatment process to ensure that the temperature of the material liquid treated by the high-pressure homogenizer is lower than 50 ℃; after homogenizing, the material is subjected to solid-liquid separation by plate-and-frame filtration or horizontal spiral centrifuge centrifugation, the primary extract is used as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide for later use, and the algae residue 1 is used as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide for later use;
(2) preparing phycocyanin peptide from the primary extract through compound enzymolysis:
transferring the primary extract obtained by separation in the step (1) to an enzymolysis tank, adding alkaline protease and 1-2 of neutral protease and papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 50 ℃; carrying out microfiltration treatment on the feed liquid after enzymolysis to remove visible impurities, wherein the microfiltration can adopt a diatomite filter or ceramic membrane filtration equipment; then carrying out ultrafiltration concentration by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking an ultrafiltration concentrated solution as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking an ultrafiltration permeate as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide; concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is below 0.2 mS.cm < -1 >, stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; freeze drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain phycocyanin peptide;
(3) preparing spirulina protein peptide by compound enzymolysis of algae residue:
transferring the algae residue 1 obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 1-2 of alkaline protease, neutral protease or papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 60 ℃; filtering or centrifugally separating the materials after enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis liquid and algae residues 2, and drying the algae residues 2 to be used as feed raw materials; decolorizing the enzymolysis solution with active carbon, and performing microfiltration treatment to remove macroscopic impurities, wherein the microfiltration can adopt a diatomite filter or ceramic membrane filtration equipment; ultrafiltering and concentrating the microfiltered feed liquid by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking the ultrafiltered concentrated liquid as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking the ultrafiltered permeate liquid as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide; concentrating the treated feed liquid by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is below 0.2 mS.cm < -1 >, stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; spray drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain spirulina protein peptide;
(4) refining and removing impurities from the ultrafiltration concentrated solution to prepare spirulina polysaccharide:
adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution in the steps (2) and (3) to adjust the pH value to 2-3, and filtering through diatomite to remove impurities; adjusting the pH of the filtered feed liquid to 6-7, performing nanofiltration concentration to obtain a solid content of 10-12%, adding purified water, desalting until the conductivity of the permeate liquid is below 0.2mS cm-1, stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; and (4) carrying out spray drying on the concentrated feed liquid to obtain the spirulina polysaccharide.
Example 1: adding purified water with the weight 8 times that of the spirulina raw material in the step (1), soaking for 2 hours, homogenizing under the pressure of 15MPa, and filtering the materials by a plate frame to realize solid-liquid separation; adding alkaline protease in the step (2), wherein the addition amount of the alkaline protease is 1.0 percent of the mass of the raw material of the spirulina, filtering by adopting ceramic membrane filtering equipment, and concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate through nanofiltration until the solid content is 10 percent; adding alkaline protease and papain in the step (3), wherein the addition amounts of the alkaline protease and the papain are respectively 0.6 percent and 0.2 percent of the weight of the spirulina raw material, carrying out nanofiltration concentration by adopting ceramic membrane filtration equipment until the solid content is 10 percent; and (4) adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) to adjust the pH value to 2, adjusting the pH value of the filtered feed liquid to 6, and concentrating the nanofiltration concentrated solid content to 10%.
(1) Pretreating, extracting and separating spirulina: adding 160kg of purified water of the weight of the spirulina raw material into a stainless steel enzymolysis tank, adding 20kg of spirulina powder raw material while stirring, soaking for 2h under a normal temperature stirring state to swell the spirulina powder raw material, then performing wall breaking for 1 time through a high-pressure homogenizer with the homogenization pressure of 15MPa, and adopting a cooling measure in the treatment process to ensure that the temperature of the material liquid treated by the high-pressure homogenizer is lower than 50 ℃; performing plate-and-frame filtration on the homogenized material to realize solid-liquid separation, wherein the primary extract is used as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide for later use, and the algae residue 1 is used as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide for later use;
(2) preparing phycocyanin peptide from the primary extract through compound enzymolysis:
transferring the primary extract obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 0.2kg of alkaline protease into the primary extract, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3 hours at 50 ℃; after enzymolysis, the feed liquid is treated by ceramic membrane filtration equipment to remove visible impurities; then carrying out ultrafiltration concentration by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking an ultrafiltration concentrated solution as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking an ultrafiltration permeate as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide; concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is below 0.2 mS.cm < -1 >, stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating till the weight of the feed liquid is 48kg and the solid content of the feed liquid is 10.24%; concentrating, freeze drying to obtain phycocyanin peptide 4.65kg, and product molecular weight less than 5000; (ii) a
(3) Preparing spirulina protein peptide by compound enzymolysis of algae residue:
transferring the algae residue 1 obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 0.12kg of alkaline protease and 0.06kg of papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 60 ℃; filtering and separating the materials after enzymolysis by using a plate frame to obtain enzymolysis liquid and algae residues 2, and drying the algae residues 2 to be used as feed raw materials; decolorizing the enzymolysis liquid by active carbon, and treating by ceramic membrane equipment to remove visible impurities; ultrafiltering and concentrating the microfiltered feed liquid by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking the ultrafiltered concentrated liquid as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking the ultrafiltered permeate liquid as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide; concentrating the treated feed liquid by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is 0.2 mS.cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuing to concentrate the feed liquid to 38kg, wherein the solid content is 10.5%; concentrating, spray drying to obtain Spirulina protein peptide 3.3kg, and making the product molecular weight less than 5000; (ii) a
(4) Refining and removing impurities from the ultrafiltration concentrated solution to prepare spirulina polysaccharide:
adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution in the steps (2) and (3) to adjust the pH value to 2, and filtering through diatomite to remove impurities; adjusting pH of the filtered feed liquid to 6, concentrating by nanofiltration to solid content of about 10%, adding purified water, desalting until the conductivity of the permeate reaches 0.2mS cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuing to concentrate the feed liquid to 20.2kg and the solid content to 5.2%; the concentrated feed liquid is spray dried to obtain 0.95kg of spirulina polysaccharide.
Example 2: adding purified water with the weight 10 times that of the spirulina raw material in the step (1), soaking for 3 hours, homogenizing under the pressure of 30MPa, and performing solid-liquid separation on the material by using a horizontal screw centrifuge; aiming at the step (2), adding neutral protease and papain, wherein the addition amount of the neutral protease is 1.0 percent of the mass of the spirulina raw material, the addition amount of the papain is 0.4 percent of the mass of the spirulina raw material, filtering by adopting a ceramic membrane filtering device, and concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate through nanofiltration until the solid content is 10 percent; adding neutral protease in the step (3), wherein the addition amount of the neutral protease is 0.6 percent of the weight of the raw material of the spirulina, performing nanofiltration concentration by adopting a diatomite filter until the solid content is 12 percent; and (4) adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution obtained in the step (4) to adjust the pH value to 3, adjusting the pH value of the filtered feed liquid to 7, and concentrating the nanofiltration concentrated solid content to 12%.
(1) Pretreating, extracting and separating spirulina raw materials: adding 1000kg of purified water into a stainless steel enzymolysis tank, adding 100kg of spirulina powder while stirring, soaking for 3h at normal temperature under stirring to swell, breaking the wall of the material by a high-pressure homogenizer for 1 time, wherein the homogenization pressure is 30MPa, and a cooling measure is adopted in the treatment process to ensure that the temperature of the material liquid treated by the high-pressure homogenizer is lower than 50 ℃; after homogenizing, the material is subjected to solid-liquid separation by horizontal spiral centrifugation, the primary extract is used as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide for later use, and the algae residue 1 is used as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide for later use;
(2) preparing phycocyanin peptide from the primary extract through compound enzymolysis:
transferring the primary extract obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 1kg of neutral protease and 0.4kg of papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 50 ℃; after enzymolysis, the feed liquid is treated by a diatomite filter to remove visible impurities; then carrying out ultrafiltration concentration by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking an ultrafiltration concentrated solution as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking an ultrafiltration permeate as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide; concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate by nanofiltration till the solid content is 12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is 0.2 mS.cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuing concentrating until the weight of the feed liquid is 220kg and the solid content of the feed liquid is 12.1%; freeze drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain 24.5kg of phycocyanin peptide, wherein the molecular weight of the product is less than 5000;
(3) preparing spirulina protein peptide by compound enzymolysis of algae residue:
transferring the algae residue 1 obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 0.6kg of neutral protease into the algae residue, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 60 ℃; after enzymolysis, centrifugally separating the material by using a horizontal screw to obtain enzymolysis liquid and algae residues 2, and drying the algae residues 2 to be used as feed raw materials; decolorizing the enzymolysis liquid with active carbon, and treating with diatomite filter to remove visible impurities; ultrafiltering and concentrating the microfiltered feed liquid by molecular weight cut-off 8000, taking the ultrafiltered concentrated liquid as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and taking the ultrafiltered permeate liquid as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide; concentrating the treated feed liquid by nanofiltration till the solid content is 12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is 0.2 mS.cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuing to concentrate the feed liquid to 178kg, wherein the solid content is 11.8%; the concentrated feed liquid is sprayed and dried to obtain 18.8kg of spirulina protein peptide, and the molecular weight of the product is less than 5000; (ii) a
(4) Refining and removing impurities from the ultrafiltration concentrated solution to prepare spirulina polysaccharide:
adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution in the steps (2) and (3) to adjust the pH value to 3, and filtering through diatomite to remove impurities; adjusting pH of the filtered feed liquid to 7, concentrating by nanofiltration to solid content of about 12%, adding purified water, desalting to obtain permeate with conductivity of 0.2mS cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuing to concentrate 74.5kg of feed liquid with the solid content of 10.5%; the concentrated feed liquid is spray-dried to obtain 5.8kg of spirulina polysaccharide.
Claims (1)
1. A comprehensive utilization and processing method of spirulina is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreating, extracting and separating spirulina: before extraction, the spirulina needs to be subjected to swelling and wall breaking treatment to enable soluble matters in cells to be dissolved out, the temperature is controlled to be lower than 50 ℃ in the whole process, and solid-liquid separation is carried out on the homogenized materials to obtain an extracting solution and spirulina residues 1;
(2) preparing phycocyanin peptide from the primary extract through compound enzymolysis:
transferring the primary extract obtained by separation in the step (1) to an enzymolysis tank, adding 1-2 of alkaline protease, neutral protease or papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 50 ℃; carrying out microfiltration treatment on the feed liquid after enzymolysis to remove visible impurities, and then carrying out ultrafiltration concentration by the cut-off molecular weight of 8000, wherein the ultrafiltration concentrated solution is used as a raw material for subsequently extracting spirulina polysaccharide, and the ultrafiltration permeate is used as a raw material for preparing phycocyanin peptide; concentrating the ultrafiltration permeate by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the conductivity of the permeate is 0.2mS cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; freeze drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain phycocyanin peptide;
(3) preparing spirulina protein peptide by compound enzymolysis of algae residue:
transferring the algae residue 1 obtained by separation in the step (1) into an enzymolysis tank, adding 1-2 of alkaline protease, neutral protease or papain, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3h at 60 ℃; filtering or centrifugally separating the materials after enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis liquid and algae residues 2, and drying the algae residues 2 to be used as feed raw materials; decolorizing the enzymolysis liquid by active carbon, performing microfiltration treatment to remove visible impurities, performing ultrafiltration concentration on the microfiltration feed liquid by the cut-off molecular weight of 8000, taking the ultrafiltration concentrated solution as a raw material for extracting spirulina polysaccharide subsequently, and taking the ultrafiltration permeate as a raw material for preparing spirulina protein peptide; concentrating the treated feed liquid by nanofiltration till the solid content is 10-12%, adding purified water for desalting till the electric conductivity of the permeate is 0.2 mS.cm-1Stopping desalting, and continuously concentrating the solid content of the feed liquid to 10-12%; spray drying the concentrated feed liquid to obtain spirulina protein peptide;
(4) refining and removing impurities from the ultrafiltration concentrated solution to prepare spirulina polysaccharide:
adding hydrochloric acid into the ultrafiltration concentrated solution in the steps (2) and (3) to adjust the pH value to 2-3, and filtering with diatomite to remove impurities; adjusting pH of the filtered feed liquid to 6-7, concentrating by nanofiltration to solid content of 10-12%, adding purified water, desalting until the conductivity of the permeate reaches 0.2mS cm-1Thereafter, desalting is stopped and the solids of the feed solution are concentrated continuouslyThe content is 10-12%; and (4) carrying out spray drying on the concentrated feed liquid to obtain the spirulina polysaccharide.
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| CN113684237A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-23 | 吴伟 | Preparation method of spirulina small-molecule peptide with immunoregulatory activity |
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