CN114793811A - Method for cultivating high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton new variety by combining perennial roots with indication characters - Google Patents
Method for cultivating high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton new variety by combining perennial roots with indication characters Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating a new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety by combining perennial roots with indication traits, which comprises the steps of obtaining a single plant A177 with excellent mutation traits (disease resistance and strong boll formation), continuously storing and utilizing the perennial root greenhouse overwintering technology, avoiding screening a single plant with higher similarity to a multi-time hybrid female parent A177 from a second-generation hybrid segregation population by an indication trait auxiliary method (short fruit branches/normal fruit branches), and finally successfully combining the early-maturing, strong boll formation and disease resistance of the A177 with the insect resistance and excellent traits of FZ141 to obtain a new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety Hunan cotton 38.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cotton variety breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton new variety by combining perennial roots and indication characters.
Background
"the fundamental path of agriculture is mechanization". In recent years, with the reduction of rural labor force and the increase of labor cost, the demand of cotton areas in Yangtze river drainage basins on mechanical production of cotton is increasingly improved, and the cultivation of early-maturing cotton varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting is urgent. However, hybrid cotton is cultivated and planted in the cotton area of the Yangtze river valley for a long time, so that the genetic relationship of cotton germplasm resources in the area is relatively close, the single character is excellent, the comprehensive character is poor, and the breeding requirements of high-quality, multi-resistance and early-maturing cotton varieties cannot be met.
The creation and utilization of novel germplasm resources with breeding value is one of effective ways for solving the problem of genetic resource shortage of early-maturing cotton breeding in the cotton area of Yangtze river basin. Artificial mutagenesis is a method of inducing mutations in plants under artificially controlled conditions. By using the method, a large number of variant types can be obtained in a short time. However, the variant types are often unstable (cannot be stably inherited), and some excellent mutant traits are often lost after being planted for 1-2 generations and are difficult to be effectively utilized. Therefore, the method combines the perennial root and the indication character auxiliary method to utilize the excellent mutation character generated by artificial mutagenesis so as to cultivate a new variety of high-quality, multi-resistance and early-maturing cotton.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for cultivating a new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety by combining perennial roots and indication characters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for cultivating a new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety by combining perennial roots with indication characters comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining a single plant A177 which is early-maturing, short in fruit branches, strong in boll forming property and disease-resistant through a mutagen EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate), and enabling perennial roots to live through winter in a greenhouse;
(2) adopting A177 as a female parent, taking an insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch cotton line FZ141 as a male parent for hybridization, carrying out first-filial generation mixed harvest, screening insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to hybridize with A177 as a female parent through insect-resistant identification and single plant fiber detection of the second-filial generation separation population;
(3) then, first filial generation is mixed, the second filial generation separation population screens normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to be hybridized with A177 as female parents, wherein the first filial generation and the second filial generation are both subjected to insect-resistant identification and screening; the second generation of hybrids was subjected to fiber detection and screening to obtain { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ142) F 2 ]F 2 }F 1 ；
(4) Then F 1 Six times of flower sealing and selfing, synchronously carrying out early maturity identification and screening from selfing first generation to selfing seventh generation, identifying and screening insect resistance, screening disease-resistant and verticillium wilt disease mixed disease nursery, detecting and screening fiber, and finally selecting high-quality, multi-resistance and early-maturing cotton new product Xiang cotton 38 from filial generation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention adopts artificial mutagenesis to obtain excellent mutation traits (strong disease resistance and boll formation), continuously stores and utilizes the perennial root greenhouse overwintering technology, avoids screening single plants with higher similarity to a multi-time hybrid female parent A177 from a second-generation separation population by an indication trait auxiliary method (short fruit branches/normal fruit branches), and finally successfully combines the early maturing and boll formation of the A177 with strong disease resistance and insect resistance and excellent traits of FZ141 to obtain a new high-quality, multi-resistant and early maturing cotton variety Hunan cotton 38 (the growth period is 103.4 days, the yield per mu of lint cotton is 86.82 kg, the average length of the upper half part is 29.82 mm, the breaking ratio strength is 34.88CN/tex, the micronaired value is 4.8, the wilt disease resistance Index (IR) is 8.5, the average resistance level of the wilt disease, the wilt disease resistance Index (IR) is 29.2, and the average resistance level disease resistance level of the wilt disease resistance is resistant).
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the breeding method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
As shown in figure 1, the method for cultivating the new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety by combining the perennial root and the indication character comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining a single plant A177 which is early-maturing, short in fruit branches, strong in boll forming property and disease-resistant through a mutagen EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate), and enabling perennial roots to live through winter in a greenhouse;
(2) adopting A177 as a female parent, taking an insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch cotton line FZ141 as a male parent for hybridization, carrying out first-filial generation mixed harvest, screening insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to hybridize with A177 as a female parent through insect-resistant identification and single plant fiber detection of the second-filial generation separation population;
(3) then, first filial generation is mixed, the second filial generation separation population screens normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to be hybridized with A177 as female parents, wherein the first filial generation and the second filial generation are both subjected to insect-resistant identification and screening; the second generation of hybrids was subjected to fiber detection and screening to obtain { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ142) F 2 ]F 2 }F 1 ；
(4) Then F 1 Six times of flower sealing and selfing, synchronously carrying out early maturity identification and screening from selfing first generation to selfing seventh generation, identifying and screening insect resistance, screening disease-resistant and verticillium wilt disease mixed disease nursery, detecting and screening fiber, and finally selecting high-quality, multi-resistance and early-maturing cotton new product Xiang cotton 38 from filial generation.
The first embodiment.
In 2013, Hunan Hede, the optimal mutagenesis concentration of the cotton line 'Xiang A1' of premature, normal fruit branches and susceptible (withered and verticillium wilt) is determined by a mutagenic agent EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate) semilethal concentration determination test.
In 2014, Changde in Hunan province, 500 seeds of Hunan A1 were treated with 1.0% EMS for 1 hour, the treated seeds were cultivated in nutrition pots to obtain 209 cotton seedlings, which were then transplanted into a disease nursery with blight and verticillium wilt disease, and from which early-maturing, short fruit branches, strong bolling and disease-resistant individual plants of A177 were selected. Meanwhile, the 'A177' is taken as a female parent, and a transgenic insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch material FZ141 (Xiang hybrid cotton No. 13 selected line) is taken as a male parent for hybridization.
In 2014, winter, Hunan Changde, the 'A177' and perennial root are overwintering in a greenhouse.
Winter in 2014, Hainan triline, (A177 XFZ 141) F 1 Selfing and harvesting seeds in a mixed mode.
In 2015, Hunan Changde, using insect-resistant net house and PCR molecule to detect (A177 XFZ 141) F 2 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; collecting individual plant detection fiber, screening out individual plant (A177 XFZ 141) F with best quality and normal fruit branch 2-7 . Then is followed by"A177" as the parent, (A177 XFZ 141) F 2-7 Crossing as male parent.
Winter in 2015, Hainan III, using insect-resistant net chamber and PCR molecule for detection [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 1 And (3) insect resistance, eliminating single plants which are not insect-resistant, and harvesting seeds in a mixed mode.
In 2016, Hunan Changde, using insect-resistant Net Chamber and PCR molecule for detection of [ A177X (A177X FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; collecting individual test fiber, and screening out individual plant with optimal quality [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 . Subsequently, using "A177" as a parent, [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 Crossing as male parent.
2016 winter, Hainan three, using insect-resistant Net Chamber and PCR molecular assay { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 1 Insect resistance, eliminating single plant without insect resistance, sealing flower, selfing and mixing to harvest seeds.
In 2017, Hunan Changde, the disease detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F in a disease nursery with blight and verticillium wilt disease mixture was performed 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 2 Disease resistance, eliminating susceptible single plants; detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F with insect-resistant Net Chambers and PCR molecules 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 2 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; sealing flowers and selfing; collecting single plant detection fibers, eliminating the single plant with the fiber length of the upper half part less than 29mm, the fracture specific strength less than 30cN/tex and the micronaire value more than 5.0; the single plant with the growth period more than 120 days is eliminated.
2017, in winter, Hainan Sanya, using withered and verticillium wilt disease mixed disease nursery to detect { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 3 Disease resistance, eliminating susceptible single plants; detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F with insect-resistant Net Chambers and PCR molecules 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 3 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; sealing flowers and selfing; collecting single plant detection fibers, eliminating the single plant with the upper half fiber length less than 29mm, the breaking ratio strength less than 30cN/tex and the micronaire value more than 5.0; the single plant with the growth period more than 120 days is eliminated.
In 2018, Hunan Changde, the disease garden with blight and verticillium wilt was used for detection { A177 ×, [ solution of Verticillium wilt ])A177×(A177×FZ141)F 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 4 Disease resistance, eliminating susceptible single plants; detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F with insect-resistant Net Chambers and PCR molecules 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 4 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; sealing flowers and selfing; collecting single plant detection fibers, eliminating the single plant with the upper half fiber length less than 29mm, the breaking ratio strength less than 30cN/tex and the micronaire value more than 5.0; the single plant with the growth period more than 120 days is eliminated.
2018, in winter, Hainan Sanya, detecting with withered and verticillium wilt disease mixed disease nursery { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 5 Disease resistance, eliminating susceptible single plants; detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F with insect-resistant Net Chambers and PCR molecules 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 5 Insect resistance, and eliminates single plants which are not insect-resistant; sealing flowers and selfing; collecting single plant detection fibers, eliminating the single plant with the upper half fiber length less than 29mm, the breaking ratio strength less than 30cN/tex and the micronaire value more than 5.0; the single plant with the growth period more than 120 days is eliminated.
In 2019, Hunan Changde, the disease detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F in a disease nursery with blight and verticillium wilt disease mixture was performed 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 6 Disease resistance, eliminating susceptible single plants; detection of { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F with insect-resistant Net Chambers and PCR molecules 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 6 Insect resistance, and eliminating non-insect-resistant single plants; sealing flowers and selfing; collecting single plant detection fiber, comparing the properties of each single plant, such as plant type, fiber quality, single plant boll formation, clothes score, single boll weight and the like, and obtaining stable and better comprehensive properties { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ141) F 2-7 ]F 2-38 }F 6 Genetically stable strain and named Xiang cotton 38.
The Chinese medicinal herb is planted in 5 regions such as Changding urban area, Changdhan longevity county, Changde \28583county, Yiyang Datong lake area, Yueyang Huarong county and the like in 2020, and the average performance is shown: the growth period is 103.4 days, the yield per mu of the ginned cotton is 86.82 kg, the average length of the upper half part is 29.82 mm, the breaking specific strength is 34.88CN/tex, the micronaire value is 4.8, the relative disease Index (IR) of the blight is 8.5, and the average resistance to the blight is resistant and disease-resistant; the relative disease of verticillium wilt refers to (IR) 29.2, and the average resistance of verticillium wilt is resistant to diseases.
Claims (1)
1. A method for cultivating a new high-quality multi-resistance early-maturing cotton variety by combining perennial roots and indication characters is characterized by being realized by the following specific aspects:
(1) obtaining a single plant A177 which is early-maturing, short in fruit branches, strong in boll forming property and disease-resistant through a mutagen EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate), and enabling perennial roots to live through winter in a greenhouse;
(2) adopting A177 as a female parent, taking an insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch cotton line FZ141 as a male parent for hybridization, carrying out first-filial generation mixed harvest, screening insect-resistant, high-quality and normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to hybridize with A177 as a female parent through insect-resistant identification and single plant fiber detection of the second-filial generation separation population;
(3) then, first filial generation is mixed and harvested, the second filial generation separation population screens normal fruit branch single plants as male parents to be hybridized with A177 as female parents, and the first filial generation and the second filial generation are subjected to insect-resistant identification and screening; the second generation of hybrids was subjected to fiber detection and screening to obtain { A177 × [ A177 × (A177 × FZ142) F 2 ]F 2 }F 1 ；
(4) Then F 1 Six times of flower sealing and selfing, synchronously carrying out early maturity identification and screening from selfing first generation to selfing seventh generation, identifying and screening insect resistance, screening disease-resistant and verticillium wilt disease mixed disease nursery, detecting and screening fiber, and finally selecting high-quality, multi-resistance and early-maturing cotton new product Xiang cotton 38 from filial generation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117044618A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-14 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | Method for cultivating new variety of early-maturing long-floss high-yield cotton suitable for high-density planting in Hunan |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102498879A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 湖北省种子集团有限公司 | Technical method for rapid asexual propagation and anti-enhancement of hybrid bollgard F1 |
| CN108235904A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of kind of precocity cotton variety is kept and process for preparing protospecies |
| CN109287425A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-01 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of Cotton Breeding Methods for improveing fiber quality |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498879A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 湖北省种子集团有限公司 | Technical method for rapid asexual propagation and anti-enhancement of hybrid bollgard F1 |
| CN108235904A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of kind of precocity cotton variety is kept and process for preparing protospecies |
| CN109287425A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-01 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of Cotton Breeding Methods for improveing fiber quality |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117044618A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-14 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | Method for cultivating new variety of early-maturing long-floss high-yield cotton suitable for high-density planting in Hunan |
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