CN114790116B - 一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN114790116B
CN114790116B CN202210419342.1A CN202210419342A CN114790116B CN 114790116 B CN114790116 B CN 114790116B CN 202210419342 A CN202210419342 A CN 202210419342A CN 114790116 B CN114790116 B CN 114790116B
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汪玲
柯希林
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Cheng Shun
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Abstract

本发明涉及医用材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法。所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝5～6份、氧化镁10～14份、二氧化锆50～60份、氮化硅晶须5～15份、氮化铝晶须15～25份、亲水性气相二氧化硅4～8份、六钛酸钾晶须5～10份、纳米银5～8份、无水乙醇100～140份、去离子水50～70份。本发明通过添加氮化硅晶须，氮化硅晶须可以有效降低义齿材料的导热系数，使用者不会因过热或过冷的食物而不适；通过加入亲水性气相二氧化硅，可以改善义齿材料的亲水性能，有助于唾液在义齿表面铺张成膜，降低咀嚼过程中引起的磨损。

Description

一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的提高，人们的饮食越来越丰富，如果口腔卫生方面稍不注意，就会危害牙齿，若牙齿损坏就需要进行补牙或植牙，利用烤瓷牙修补，但目前烤瓷牙材料制作的烤瓷牙容易破碎、开裂，使用寿命短。
目前，临床上对缺损牙齿进行全冠修复时，使用最多的是金属烤瓷冠，这种金属烤瓷冠是采用瓷粉经过高温烧结熔附于金属内冠表面而形成的全冠修复体，实现自然牙齿缺失时帮助人们咀嚼。全瓷义齿是指在牙根上做一个内冠，内冠是一层全瓷的透明支撑骨架，然后在它的外冠面烤上一层与天然牙色泽相近的瓷粉，最后粘结在牙齿上。全瓷义齿有效避免了金属过敏和牙龈黑线等问题的出现，降低对人体健康的副作用。但是，现有技术中，全瓷义齿使用过程中，容易造成崩裂，而且易对原有的基体牙根造成损伤，全瓷义齿的稳固性不佳。
基于上述情况，本发明提出了一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法，可有效解决以上问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿及其制作方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：金属的一氧化合物15～20份、二氧化锆50～60份、金属氮化物晶须15～25份、银制剂5～8份、乙醇100～140份、去离子水50～70份。
优选地，所述金属的一氧化合物包括氧化锌、氧化钇、氧化铝、氧化镁的其中一种或两种以上的组合。
优选地，所述金属氮化物晶须为氮化铝晶须。
优选地，所述银制剂为纳米银。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿的原料组成还包括氮化硅晶须。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿的原料组成还包括二氧化硅。
优选地，所述二氧化硅为亲水性气相二氧化硅。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿的原料组成还包括钛酸钾晶须。
优选地，所述钛酸钾晶须包括四钛酸钾晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、八钛酸钾晶须的其中一种或两种以上的组合。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝5～6份、氧化镁10～14份、二氧化锆50～60份、氮化硅晶须5～15份、氮化铝晶须15～25份、亲水性气相二氧化硅4～8份、六钛酸钾晶须5～10份、纳米银5～8份、无水乙醇100～140份、去离子水50～70份。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝5份、氧化镁10份、二氧化锆50份、氮化硅晶须5份、氮化铝晶须15份、亲水性气相二氧化硅4份、六钛酸钾晶须5份、纳米银5份、无水乙醇100份、去离子水50份。
优选地，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝6份、氧化镁14份、二氧化锆60份、氮化硅晶须15份、氮化铝晶须25份、亲水性气相二氧化硅8份、六钛酸钾晶须10份、纳米银8份、无水乙醇140份、去离子水70份。
本发明还提供一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿的制作方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨18～20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以500～600rpm搅拌30～40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨5～6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为35～40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为120～130MPa，保压时间为10～15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为4.5～5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1800～1850℃，保温15～20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明通过添加氮化硅晶须，氮化硅晶须可以有效降低义齿材料的导热系数，使用者不会因过热或过冷的食物而不适；通过加入亲水性气相二氧化硅，可以改善义齿材料的亲水性能，有助于唾液在义齿表面铺张成膜，降低咀嚼过程中引起的磨损；此外，通过加入六钛酸钾晶须，可分别与亲水性气相二氧化硅、氮化硅晶须进行协同机制，进一步降低义齿材料的导热系数以及改善义齿材料的亲水性能。
2.本发明原材料在国内充足，价格适宜，使其规模化生产没有太高的成本限制；同时，制作方法简单，总体生产成本不高，有利于工业的大规模生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
按表1称量具体原料，步骤制备步骤如下：
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨18h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以500rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨5h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为35MPa压制成型，随后以压力为120MPa，保压时间为15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为4.5MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1800℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
实施例2
按表1称量具体原料，步骤制备步骤如下：
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌30min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为10s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温15min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
实施例3
按表1称量具体原料，步骤制备步骤如下：
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
对比例1
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
对比例2
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化铝晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。。
对比例3
(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化铝晶须，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；
(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；
(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为15s；
(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
表1
物料种类 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例1 对比例2 对比例3
氧化铝 5 5 6 6 6 6
氧化镁 10 12 14 14 14 14
二氧化锆 50 55 60 60 60 60
氮化硅晶须 5 10 15 15 / /
氮化铝晶须 15 20 25 25 40 40
亲水性气相二氧化硅 4 6 8 / 8 /
六钛酸钾晶须 5 8 10 / / /
纳米银 5 6 8 8 8 8
乙醇 100 120 140 140 140 140
去离子水 50 60 70 70 70 70
实施例4性能评价测试
采用实施例1～3和对比例1～2制备所得的复合材料义齿进行硬度、弹性模量、断裂韧性、抗弯强度、导热系数、唾液接触角等测试。评价结果见表2。
表2性能评价结果
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿的制备方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷增强型复合材料义齿由以下重量份的原料组成：氧化铝6份、氧化镁14份、二氧化锆60份、氮化硅晶须15份、氮化铝晶须25份、亲水性气相二氧化硅8份、六钛酸钾晶须10份、纳米银8份、无水乙醇140份、去离子水70份；
包括如下步骤：(1)取氧化铝、氧化镁、氮化硅晶须、氮化铝晶须、六钛酸钾晶须、亲水性气相二氧化硅，加入去离子水进行球磨20h，得混合物A；(2)将二氧化锆和纳米银与无水乙醇以600rpm搅拌40min，得混合物B；(3)将混合物A与混合物B混合继续球磨6h，干燥、过筛，并以压力为40MPa压制成型，随后以压力为130MPa，保压时间为15s；(4)将压制成型后的产品放入气氛压力烧结炉中，在氮气气氛下进行烧结，其中烧结压力为5.0MPa，以200℃/min的升温速率升至1850℃，保温20min，再以150℃/min的速率降温，喷砂、预处理、真空无菌封装后即得。
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