CN114784510B - 一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法 - Google Patents

一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法 Download PDF

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CN114784510B
CN114784510B CN202210391714.4A CN202210391714A CN114784510B CN 114784510 B CN114784510 B CN 114784510B CN 202210391714 A CN202210391714 A CN 202210391714A CN 114784510 B CN114784510 B CN 114784510B
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CN114784510A (zh
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曾浩
张廷义
郭成林
梅轲
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Chongqing University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法,其特征在于:(1)相控阵天线由N个阵元构成,选择第0个阵元作为参考,其接收信号可以表示为x0(t),其余N‑1个阵元接收信号为xi(t),其中i=1,...,N‑1;(2)对于第i个阵元,通过一个锁相环结构,调整信号xi(t)的相位,使其输出为yi(t),实现信号yi(t)与参考阵元接收信号x0(t)的相位对齐;(3)把参考阵元信号x0(t)和所有锁相环输出信号yi(t)叠加,构成相控阵天线输出信号本发明简化了相控阵设计,可以应用到相控阵天线设计领域。

Description

一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到接收相控阵天线设计领域,具体涉及到一种基于锁相环的接收相控阵天线移相控制方法。
技术背景
传统接收相控阵天线的移相控制是通过对波束指向角度信息获取,然后按照阵元接收信号相位差产生移相控制信号。这样的方法一方面需要专门设备获取估计信号来向,从而确定波束指向信息,另一方面,需要对射频通道的幅相不一致性进行校正。采用锁相环原理来设计移相控制器,可以完全取消上述两个要求,简化相控阵天线设计。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:相控阵天线设计中,波束指向角度获取困难和射频通道校正方法困难。
解决该技术问题的方案是一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法,其特征在于:
(1)相控阵天线由N个阵元构成,阵元间距为载波波长一半,阵列可以是均匀线阵,也可以是均匀平面阵列;选择第0个阵元作为参考,其接收信号可以表示为x0(t),其余N-1个阵元接收信号为xi(t),其中i=1,...,N-1;
(2)对于第i个阵元,通过一个锁相环结构,调整信号xi(t)的相位,使其输出为yi(t),实现信号yi(t)与参考阵元接收信号x0(t)的相位对齐;锁相环具体结构为:
①锁相环有鉴相器,环路滤波器,移相控制器,移相器四个部分组成,鉴相器的输入为参考信号x0(t)和移相器输出yi(t),鉴相器输出作为环路滤波器输入,环路滤波器输出作为移相控制器输入,移相控制器输出和第i个阵元接收信号xi(t)作为移相器输入,移相器输出为yi(t)既是鉴相器一个输入,也是整个锁相环输出;
②根据锁相环基本原理,设计鉴相器、环路滤波器;
③移相控制器输入是环路滤波器输出电压,输出是一个M比特的控制字,M的值由移相器的控制位比特数决定;控制字的数值范围是[0,2M-1]区间内整数;
④移相器为数字移相器,通过M比特控制字,使得对输入信号xi(t)产生0-360°范围内相位移动;M越大,相移精度越高;
(3)把参考阵元信号x0(t)和所有锁相环输出信号yi(t)叠加,构成相控阵天线输出信号
本发明的有益效果是相控阵天线设计中,解决了波束指向角度获取和射频通道校正困难两个技术问题。本发明可以应用到接收相控阵天线设计领域。
附图说明
图1是相控阵系统结构框图;
图2是锁相环结构框图。
具体实施方式
对任意方向入射的目标信号,可以在未经过校正的阵列中快速完成目标信号的移相合成。具体实现步骤为:
(1)相控阵天线由N个阵元构成,阵元间距为载波波长一半,阵列可以是均匀线阵,也可以是均匀平面阵列;如图1,选择第0个阵元作为参考,其接收信号可以表示为x0(t),其余N-1个阵元接收信号为xi(t),其中i=1,...,N-1;
(2)如图2,对于第i个阵元,通过一个锁相环结构,调整信号xi(t)的相位,使其输出为yi(t),实现信号yi(t)与参考阵元接收信号x0(t)的相位对齐;锁相环具体结构为:
①锁相环有鉴相器,环路滤波器,移相控制器,移相器四个部分组成,鉴相器的输入为参考信号x0(t)和移相器输出yi(t),鉴相器输出作为环路滤波器输入,环路滤波器输出作为移相控制器输入,移相控制器输出和第i个阵元接收信号xi(t)作为移相器输入,移相器输出为yi(t)既是鉴相器一个输入,也是整个锁相环输出;
②根据锁相环基本原理,设计鉴相器、环路滤波器;
③移相控制器输入是环路滤波器输出电压,输出是一个M比特的控制字,M的值由移相器的控制位比特数决定;控制字的数值范围是[0,2M-1]区间内整数;
④移相器为数字移相器,通过M比特控制字,使得对输入信号xi(t)产生0-360°范围内相位移动;M越大,相移精度越高;
(3)把参考阵元信号x0(t)和所有锁相环输出信号yi(t)叠加,构成相控阵天线输出信号
本发明的有益效果是相控阵天线设计中,无需进行波束指向角度获取和射频通道校正,简化了天线设计。本发明可以应用到接收相控阵天线设计领域。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于锁相环的相控阵移相控制方法,其特征在于:
(1)相控阵天线由N个阵元构成,阵元间距为载波波长一半,阵列可以是均匀线阵,也可以是均匀平面阵列;选择第0个阵元作为参考,其接收信号可以表示为x0(t),其余N-1个阵元接收信号为xi(t),其中i=1,...,N-1;
(2)对于第i个阵元,通过一个锁相环结构,调整信号xi(t)的相位,使其输出为yi(t),实现信号yi(t)与参考阵元接收信号x0(t)的相位对齐;锁相环具体结构为:
①锁相环由鉴相器,环路滤波器,移相控制器,移相器四个部分组成,鉴相器的输入为参考信号x0(t)和移相器输出yi(t),鉴相器输出作为环路滤波器输入,环路滤波器输出作为移相控制器输入,移相控制器输出和第i个阵元接收信号xi(t)作为移相器输入,移相器输出为yi(t)既是鉴相器一个输入,也是整个锁相环输出;
②根据锁相环基本原理,设计鉴相器、环路滤波器;
③移相控制器输入是环路滤波器输出电压,输出是一个M比特的控制字,M的值由移相器的控制位比特数决定;控制字的数值范围是[0,2M-1]区间内整数;
④移相器为数字移相器,通过M比特控制字,使得对输入信号xi(t)产生0-360°范围内相位移动;M越大,相移精度越高;
(3)把参考阵元信号x0(t)和所有锁相环输出信号yi(t)叠加,构成相控阵天线输出信号
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