CN114775531B - Ecological seepage-proof bank slope structure of upper reservoir of pumped storage power station and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological seepage-proof bank slope structure of upper reservoir of pumped storage power station and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological seepage-proof bank slope structure of a water-pumped storage power station upper reservoir and a construction method thereof. The gravel-doped clay layer comprises a clay material and a gravel material which are mixed according to a set proportion, and the leveling adhesive layer is cement mortar paved on the gravel-doped clay layer. The lower ends of the steel bars are embedded in the asphalt concrete panel layer, and the upper ends of the steel bars extend into the vegetation soil layer. The soil material of the vegetation soil layer is clay, and amphibious plants are planted on the ecological herbal layer. The invention effectively improves the seepage-proofing capacity of the reservoir bank on the pumped storage power station by utilizing the excellent seepage-proofing performance of the clay and the excellent seepage-proofing performance and deformability of the asphalt concrete panel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an ecological seepage-proofing bank slope structure of a water storage power station upper reservoir and a construction method thereof.
Background
The territory of China is wide, and the water resources are quite rich. However, with the continuous development of social economy, the continuous development and utilization of hydropower resources in recent years have less reservoir site with excellent natural geological conditions, and the difficulty of engineering construction is also increased. However, under the influence of policies such as relatively deficient natural oil gas resources, up-to-standard carbon neutralization and the like in China, the development of environment-friendly energy sources and the remodeling of environment-friendly energy sources have important safety significance. On the basis of hydroelectric ecological energy, the development of the pumped storage power station is an effective way for achieving the standard of carbon neutralization.
Because of the unique working property of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station, the pumped storage power station pumps water to the upper reservoir for energy storage at night with smaller power demand; when the demand for electric power is high in daytime, the water is discharged from the upper reservoir to generate electricity. The reservoir bank on the pumped storage power station is frequently lifted by the water level, a dry-wet circulation environment is formed, and the reservoir bank is easy to deteriorate and deform to generate cracks under the dry-wet circulation environment, so that the reservoir bank water seepage problem is serious. The problem of reservoir bank water seepage in a dry-wet circulation environment is solved reasonably and effectively.
At present, a plurality of research results are available for the reservoir bank seepage prevention treatment. The concrete panel, the polyethylene impermeable film and the clay are adopted in three materials and a combination mode thereof, but certain problems exist. The three materials have certain seepage prevention effect on seepage prevention of reservoir banks, but the problems that the reservoirs on pumped storage power stations are more prone to cracking and water seepage in dry and wet circulation environments are not considered.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a bank slope structure that can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological impermeable bank slope structure of a water-storage power station upper reservoir and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the ecological seepage-proof bank slope structure of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station comprises a broken stone cushion layer, a gravel-doped clay layer, a leveling adhesive layer, an asphalt concrete panel layer, a vegetation soil layer and an ecological herbal layer which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of the bank slope surface from inside to outside.
The gravel-doped clay layer comprises a clay material and a gravel material which are mixed according to a set proportion, and the leveling adhesive layer is cement mortar paved on the gravel-doped clay layer.
The lower ends of the steel bars are embedded in the asphalt concrete panel layer, and the upper ends of the steel bars extend into the vegetation soil layer.
The soil material of the vegetation soil layer is clay, and amphibious plants are planted on the ecological herbal layer.
Further, the maximum grain size of the crushed stone material of the crushed stone cushion layer is less than or equal to 120mm, and the maximum grain size of the gravel material of the gravel-doped clay layer is less than or equal to 120mm.
Further, the surface of ecological herbaceous layer tiling has polyethylene hexagon net.
The construction method of the ecological impermeable bank slope structure of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station comprises the following steps:
1) And (3) construction of the crushed stone cushion layer: paving the crushed stone material on the water facing side of the bank slope surface, leveling, and rolling the paved crushed stone.
2) Construction of the gravel-doped clay layer: mixing and blending the clay material and the gravel material according to a set proportion to obtain gravel-doped clay, and then spreading the gravel-doped clay on a gravel cushion layer and carrying out layered rolling.
3) Construction of the leveling adhesive layer: paving cement mortar on the gravel-doped clay layer, and rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness.
4) Construction of the asphalt concrete panel layer: and installing a plurality of steel bars at corresponding positions, paving asphalt concrete mixture, and rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness, wherein a plurality of steel bars extend out of the paving layer.
5) And (3) constructing a vegetation soil layer: and (3) paving the clay on the asphalt concrete panel layer, and layering and rolling, wherein the upper ends of the reinforcing steel bars are positioned in the rolled clay layer.
6) Construction of the ecological herbal layer: and (3) flatly laying the soil with the designed thickness on the vegetation soil layer, flatly laying the polyethylene hexagonal grid on the soil layer, and planting amphibious plants on the soil layer.
Further, step 3) is followed by a step of dehairing the paving layer.
The invention has the technical effects that the invention effectively improves the seepage-proofing capacity of the reservoir bank on the pumped storage power station by utilizing the excellent seepage-proofing performance of the clay soil and the excellent seepage-proofing performance and deformability of the asphalt concrete panel; meanwhile, the gravel-doped clay layer and the vegetation soil layer can be well adapted to the construction of the reservoir bank, the operability is high, and the construction quality and the seepage prevention effect of the whole structure are ensured; in addition, the amphibious plant is used for purifying water, the plant root system can better consolidate soil, meanwhile, the plant can well adjust the soil water content of the reservoir side slope, reduce soil cracking caused by dry and wet circulation, prevent reservoir water seepage and beautify the reservoir, and as long as the construction rolling compaction quality can be ensured, the structure is not easy to generate cracks and larger deformation, and the structural safety and durability can be ensured, so that the leakage problem caused by dry and wet circulation on the current reservoir of a pumped storage power station can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dam slope seepage-proofing structure of an upper reservoir;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gravel-doped clay layer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ecological herbal layer;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of an asphalt concrete panel layer to a vegetation soil layer.
In the figure: the stone cushion layer 1, the gravel-doped clay layer 2, the leveling adhesive layer 3, the asphalt concrete panel layer 4, the vegetation soil layer 5, the ecological herbal layer 6, the gravel material 7, the clay material 8, the polyethylene hexagonal grid 10, the amphibious plants 11 and the steel bars 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations are made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and all such substitutions and alterations are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses an ecological impermeable bank slope structure of a water storage power station upper reservoir, which comprises a gravel cushion layer 1, a gravel-doped clay layer 2, a leveling adhesive layer 3, an asphalt concrete panel layer 4, a vegetation soil layer 5 and an ecological herbal layer 6 which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of a bank slope surface from inside to outside.
The maximum grain diameter of the crushed stone material of the crushed stone cushion layer 1 is smaller than or equal to 120mm, the crushed stone cushion layer 1 is the most powerful bearing layer of the bank slope structure and is used for improving the bearing capacity of the whole bank slope, the settlement can be effectively reduced, in general, the bank slope can generate certain deformation after being subjected to dynamic load of water and dry and wet circulation, the settlement caused by corresponding change can be effectively reduced by the crushed stone cushion layer 1, and the harm caused by uneven settlement is better avoided. Meanwhile, drainage consolidation can be accelerated, and due to the fact that sand and stone have good water permeability, good drainage surface can be formed after the bank slope is molded and pressed, pore water pressure below the bank slope is rapidly dissipated, plastic damage of the bank slope soil is avoided, and strength of the bank slope is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the gravel-doped clay layer 2 includes a mixed clay material 8 and a gravel material 7 mixed according to a set proportion, the maximum particle size of the gravel material 7 of the gravel-doped clay layer 2 is less than or equal to 120mm, the gravel-doped clay layer 2 has an anti-seepage effect, and after the gravel is doped, the elasticity modulus of the gravel-doped clay is higher than that of the clay layer without the gravel, the compression resistance and the shear resistance are improved, the influence caused by uneven sedimentation can be well reduced, the upper structure is protected from being damaged, and the whole structure is safer and more stable. The gravel doped in the gravel doped clay layer 2 is composed of graded gravel, the particle size of the doped gravel should not be too large, and the gravel with the too large particle size should be deleted before construction. And the gravel-doped clay layer after the gravel doping should meet the seepage-proofing requirement of the engineering structure. And the construction should be carried out according to the total thickness of the gravel-doped clay layer, and the rolling quality is strictly controlled, and the technological measures which are favorable for uniform blending and avoiding particle separation are adopted.
The leveling adhesive layer 3 is cement mortar paved on the gravel-doped clay layer 2, the leveling adhesive layer 3 is used as a cementing connection layer for connecting the asphalt concrete panel layer 4 and the gravel-doped clay layer 2, the engineering quality directly influences the seepage prevention effect, and the paving thickness is not less than 100mm. The main function of the leveling adhesive layer 3 is to ensure that the asphalt concrete panel and the underlying gravel-doped clay layer 2 can be well combined and create a good leveling surface for the paving construction of the asphalt concrete panel layer 4.
Referring to fig. 4, the lower ends of the plurality of reinforcing steel bars 13 are embedded in the asphalt concrete panel layer 4, and the upper ends extend into the vegetation soil layer 5.
The asphalt concrete panel layer 4 is used as the most powerful impermeable layer of the whole structure, has good impermeable property, crack resistance, stability and durability, and can ensure the safety performance of the whole structure to prevent the structure from cracking and permeating.
The soil material of the vegetation soil layer 5 is clay, and the vegetation soil layer 5 is a soil layer which is formed by clay and can be used for plant growth and has seepage-proofing performance. The clay itself has extremely small permeability coefficient, which is only 1X 10 -7 cm/s, is a good seepage-proofing material, and is convenient for local material taking, and the thickness is not less than 400mm. Meanwhile, the seepage path is lengthened to a certain extent, the hydraulic gradient is reduced, piping of the bank slope and the structure thereof is prevented, harm is avoided, and the safety of the structure is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, amphibious plants 11 are planted on the ecological herbal layer 6, and a polyethylene hexagonal grid 10 is paved on the surface of the ecological herbal layer 6. The connection surface of the ecological herbal layer 6 and the vegetation soil layer 5 at the lower part is natural soil suitable for plant growth, amphibious plants which can survive in water and land are planted in the natural soil, and the natural soil is rich in abundant microorganisms and can play a role in purifying water. The hexagonal net structure made of polyethylene material is paved on the water level, so that the soil is not washed away and lost due to frequent elevation of the water level of the reservoir. Therefore, the ecological herbal layer has good impact resistance and durability, and can also play a role in improving water quality and beautifying bank slopes.
In addition, the surface vegetation layer has heat insulation effect, sun-proof heat insulation and freeze protection in winter, and is an environment-friendly heat insulation layer with excellent performance. After the surface vegetation root system develops, the method is beneficial to the stability of the bank slope, prevents the soil body on the surface of the bank slope from losing water and soil under dry and wet circulation and rain wash, and protects the soil body on the surface of the bank slope.
It is worth to say that, for the present water storage power station upper reservoir bank seepage prevention technology, especially with roll clay as bank seepage prevention structure, traditional roll clay as seepage prevention structure has the weak shortcoming that whole shear strength is lower, the deformability is relatively poor, has directly influenced the impervious performance of overall structure and structural safety and durability. The asphalt concrete panel and clay combined structure is adopted in the embodiment, so that the impermeability of the structure is greatly enhanced, and the asphalt concrete panel has the characteristics of low cost and convenience in construction. Meanwhile, the ecological herbal layer is added on the basis, so that the ecological herbal layer not only accords with the ecological development concept, but also has a certain restoration effect on the water ecological environment of the region.
Therefore, the structure of the embodiment can effectively improve the seepage-proofing capacity of the reservoir bank on the pumped storage power station, and utilizes the excellent seepage-proofing performance of the clay soil and the excellent seepage-proofing performance and deformability of the asphalt concrete panel. Meanwhile, the gravel-doped clay layer and the vegetation soil layer can be well adapted to the construction of the reservoir bank, the operability is high, and the construction quality and the seepage prevention effect of the whole structure are ensured. Meanwhile, the amphibious plant is used for purifying water, the plant root system can better solidify soil, the plant can well adjust the water content of the soil on the side slope of the reservoir bank, reduce soil cracking caused by dry and wet circulation, prevent water seepage on the reservoir bank and beautify the reservoir bank, and the structure is not easy to crack and deform greatly as long as the construction rolling compaction quality can be ensured, and the structural safety and durability can be ensured. The structure can effectively cope with the leakage problem caused by dry and wet circulation in the current situation of the reservoir on the pumped storage power station.
Example 2:
The embodiment discloses a construction method of the ecological impermeable bank slope structure of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station based on the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
1) Construction of the gravel cushion layer 1: paving the crushed stone material on the water facing side of the bank slope surface, leveling, and rolling the paved crushed stone. Specifically, the gravel cushion layer 1 should adopt well-mixed and non-weathered gravel or broken stone, the maximum grain size is less than or equal to 120mm, and the cushion layer material should not contain impurities such as grass roots, garbage and the like. After the crushed stones are uniformly mixed according to the corresponding grading, the crushed stones are transported to a construction site from a material yard by adopting a transport tool, the crushed stones are paved by a land leveler, the flatness of a cushion layer is controlled in the paving process, the flatness is ensured, and the paved crushed stone cushion layer has no obvious segregation phenomenon. And then rolling the paved crushed stones to ensure rolling quality.
2) Construction of the gravel-doped clay layer 2: mixing and blending the clay material 8 and the gravel material 7 according to a set proportion to obtain gravel-doped clay, and then spreading the gravel-doped clay on the gravel cushion layer 1 and carrying out layered rolling. Specifically, the clay material 8 is obtained from a nearby earth yard, and the gravel material 7 is produced and supplied by a manual processing system according to grading, wherein the maximum particle size of the gravel is less than or equal to 120mm. After the preparation is completed, the gravel-doped clay is mixed and blended according to the corresponding proportion of the clay material 8 and the gravel material 7, so that the clay and the gravel in the gravel-doped clay are ensured to be uniformly mixed, and then the gravel-doped clay is transported to a construction site by a transport vehicle, the time of the transport process is kept not to be too long, and the clay and the gravel are ensured not to be obviously separated. Transporting the gravel-doped clay to a construction site, unloading by an occupation method, spreading the gravel-doped clay on a bank slope, and carrying out layered rolling on the gravel-doped clay by smooth surface rolling.
3) Construction of the leveling adhesive layer 3: paving cement mortar on the gravel-doped clay layer 2, rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness, and shaving the paving layer to ensure firm connection with the asphalt concrete panel layer 4. Wherein, cement mortar is poured into a paver to be paved and advanced.
4) Construction of the asphalt concrete panel layer 4: and installing a plurality of steel bars 13 at corresponding positions, paving asphalt concrete mixture, and rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness, wherein a plurality of steel bars 13 extend out of the paving layer. Specifically, the anti-sticking agent is sprayed in the vehicle before the asphalt concrete mixture is poured into the transportation vehicle, so that the asphalt mixture is prevented from adhering to the transportation vehicle in the transportation process. And the construction of the asphalt concrete panel layer has higher requirements on temperature, and heat loss and other sundries doping should be avoided in the transportation process. Before construction, the paver, the heater and other devices are ready, prefabricated reinforcing steel bars are placed according to the designed positions, then asphalt concrete mixture is poured into a receiving hopper of the paver and begins to be paved, asphalt concrete is rolled after a paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness, and rolling quality is required to be ensured in the rolling process. Attention is paid to the treatment at the reinforcing bars during rolling.
5) Construction of the vegetation soil layer 5: the clay is paved on the asphalt concrete panel layer 4 and rolled in layers, and the upper ends of the reinforcing steel bars 13 are positioned in the rolled clay layer. Specifically, the vegetation soil layer 5 is discharged by an occupation method and then is paved on the asphalt concrete panel layer, the positions of reinforcing steel bars are required to be assisted with manual leveling compaction during paving, then smooth grinding is adopted, clay is laminated and rolled according to a feeding and retreating method, and the upper layer segmentation position and the lower layer segmentation position are required to be staggered.
6) Construction of the ecological herbal layer 6: and (3) paving the soil with the designed thickness on the vegetation soil layer 5, paving the polyethylene hexagonal grid 10 on the soil layer, and planting amphibious plants 11 on the soil layer. Wherein, the soil used in the step is natural soil (farmland source soil) suitable for aquatic plant growth.
Example 3:
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses an ecological impermeable bank slope structure of a water storage power station upper reservoir, which comprises a gravel cushion layer 1, a gravel-doped clay layer 2, a leveling adhesive layer 3, an asphalt concrete panel layer 4, a vegetation soil layer 5 and an ecological herbal layer 6 which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of a bank slope surface from inside to outside.
Referring to fig. 2, the gravel-doped clay layer 2 includes a clay material 8 and a gravel material 7 mixed in a predetermined ratio, and the leveling adhesive layer 3 is cement mortar laid on the gravel-doped clay layer 2.
Referring to fig. 4, the lower ends of the plurality of reinforcing steel bars 13 are embedded in the asphalt concrete panel layer 4, and the upper ends extend into the vegetation soil layer 5.
The soil material of the vegetation soil layer 5 is clay, and the ecological herbal layer 6 is planted with amphibious plants 11, as shown in fig. 3.
The ecological herbal layer is arranged on the water facing side of the bank slope, so that the seepage prevention effect can be achieved, and the local ecological environment can be effectively protected; hexagonal polyethylene grids are paved on the ecological herbal layer, so that water and soil loss can be effectively prevented; the asphalt concrete panel layer is connected with the vegetation soil layer through the reinforcing steel bars, so that the connection between the asphalt concrete panel layer and the rigid material is firm and flexible, and the deformation is reduced.
Example 5:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the maximum particle size of the crushed stone material of the crushed stone cushion layer 1 is less than or equal to 120mm, and the maximum particle size of the gravel material 7 of the gravel-doped clay layer 2 is less than or equal to 120mm.
Example 6:
The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the surface of the ecological herbal layer 6 is tiled with a polyethylene hexagonal grid 10.
Claims (5)
1. The ecological prevention of seepage bank slope structure of reservoir on the pumped storage power station, its characterized in that: the ecological pavement structure comprises a broken stone cushion layer (1), a gravel-doped clay layer (2), a leveling adhesive layer (3), an asphalt concrete panel layer (4), a vegetation soil layer (5) and an ecological herbal layer (6) which are sequentially arranged on the water facing side of a bank slope surface from inside to outside;
The gravel-doped clay layer (2) comprises a clay material (8) and a gravel material (7) which are mixed according to a set proportion, and the leveling adhesive layer (3) is cement mortar paved on the gravel-doped clay layer (2);
The lower ends of the steel bars (13) are embedded in the asphalt concrete panel layer (4), and the upper ends extend into the vegetation soil layer (5);
The soil material of the vegetation soil layer (5) is clay, and amphibious plants (11) are planted on the ecological herbal layer (6).
2. The pumped storage power station upper reservoir ecological impermeable bank slope structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the maximum grain size of the crushed stone material of the crushed stone cushion layer (1) is less than or equal to 120mm, and the maximum grain size of the gravel material (7) of the gravel-doped clay layer (2) is less than or equal to 120mm.
3. The pumped storage power station upper reservoir ecological impermeable bank slope structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the surface of the ecological herbal layer (6) is flatly paved with polyethylene hexagonal grids (10).
4. A construction method of an ecological impermeable bank slope structure of a water storage power station upper reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
1) Construction of the broken stone cushion layer (1): paving crushed stone materials on the water facing side of a bank slope surface, leveling, and rolling the paved crushed stone;
2) Construction of the gravel-doped clay layer (2): mixing and blending the clay material (8) and the gravel material (7) according to a set proportion to obtain gravel-doped clay, and then spreading the gravel-doped clay on the gravel cushion layer (1) and carrying out layered rolling;
3) Construction of the leveling adhesive layer (3): paving cement mortar on the gravel-doped clay layer (2), and rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness;
4) Construction of the asphalt concrete panel layer (4): installing a plurality of steel bars (13) at corresponding positions, paving asphalt concrete mixture, and rolling after the paving layer reaches the specified compactness and flatness, wherein a plurality of steel bars (13) extend out of the paving layer;
5) Construction of the vegetation soil layer (5): spreading clay on the asphalt concrete panel layer (4) and carrying out layered rolling, wherein the upper ends of a plurality of steel bars (13) are positioned in the rolled clay layer;
6) Construction of the ecological herbal layer (6): the soil with designed thickness is paved on the vegetation soil layer (5), then the polyethylene hexagonal grid (10) is paved on the soil layer, and amphibious plants (11) are planted on the soil layer.
5. The construction method of the ecological impermeable bank slope structure of the upper reservoir of the pumped storage power station, as set forth in claim 4, is characterized in that: step 3) is further followed by a step of dehairing the paving layer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114775531A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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