CN114774994B - Extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system - Google Patents
Extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114774994B CN114774994B CN202210440749.2A CN202210440749A CN114774994B CN 114774994 B CN114774994 B CN 114774994B CN 202210440749 A CN202210440749 A CN 202210440749A CN 114774994 B CN114774994 B CN 114774994B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
An extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system for tapping the extraction of rare earth metal liquid in an electrolytic furnace to an ingot box, comprising: the extraction cylinder is used for extracting rare earth metal liquid from the electrolytic furnace, discharging the rare earth metal liquid, injecting the rare earth metal liquid into the ingot box, and arranging a cavity in the interior of the extraction cylinder, wherein an inlet and an outlet are arranged at the bottom of the cavity; the suspension device is used for lifting and translating the extraction cylinder; and the air pump device is communicated with the cavity through an air pipeline and is used for controlling the pressure in the cavity. The extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping mode adopted by the invention ensures that the tapping amount of the rare earth metal is stable, and the extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping mode can be set according to the shape and the size of an ingot box, so that the extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping modes with different amounts can be satisfied; the invention does not adopt a conventional sensor, ensures the service life of the system through pressure control, and is suitable for automatic control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rare earth metal smelting, in particular to an extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system.
Background
Rare earth elements are the general names of 17 elements of lanthanide series, scandium and yttrium in the IIIB group of the periodic table, are commonly expressed by RE or REE, have unique optical, electrical, magnetic and other properties, and are important raw materials in the modern high and new technical field. The rare earth element-containing novel functional materials, electronic materials, optical materials, special alloys, organic metal compounds and the like are widely used in the high and new technical fields of electronic information, new energy, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, aerospace and the like. The Chinese rare earth mineral resources are rich, and good resource conditions are provided for developing the rare earth industry development.
Under the prior art, high-temperature molten metal in the rare earth electrolytic furnace is discharged through a siphon method, a ladle method, a crucible lifting method and other technological methods and is transferred into an ingot mould to be cast and cooled. The ladle-ladle method is a traditional tapping method, the rare earth metal liquid is ladled out by manually ladle by ladle, poured into an ingot casting mould for natural cooling, the ladle-ladle method has low efficiency, certain danger exists, and the ingot casting quality is unstable; the crucible lifting method is to take a crucible as a receiver and take the crucible out of the furnace as a whole, pour the crucible into an ingot casting mold for natural cooling, but the electrolytic reaction process is forced to be interrupted when the crucible is taken out of the furnace, the process continuity is not strong, and certain danger exists in operation; therefore, the siphoning tapping process is researched and developed, but the siphoning is difficult to accurately control the extraction amount of the high-temperature molten metal. According to the siphon principle, a section of vacuum exists in the siphon, the temperature of the rare earth metal liquid is high, and the rare earth metal liquid is difficult to accurately weigh and measure, so that the extraction amount can only be controlled by controlling the pressure value, the volume of the extraction cylinder and the shape, size and volume of the ingot casting box, a cavity in the ingot casting box is arranged according to the quality requirement of target metal, namely, the extraction amount of the metal liquid and the shape, size of the ingot casting are controlled by controlling the shape, size and size of the cavity, but in order to realize the siphon, the ingot casting box needs to be opened to maintain the pressure difference, when the set weight is reached, the rare earth metal liquid still remains in the siphon, and the residual metal liquid is difficult to accurately estimate, so that the extraction amount has deviation; more importantly, the melting points of the rare earth metal praseodymium and neodymium are above 900 ℃, so that the temperature of the joint of the sensors on the ingot box is higher than the normal working temperature environment of various sensors, and therefore the high-temperature molten rare earth metal liquid weight contained in the ingot box cannot be measured. At present, the control of the tapping mode of the rare earth metal adopted in the industry also depends on the visual observation mode of production operators, which also leads to the difficulty of quantitatively extracting and tapping the high-temperature molten rare earth metal liquid, the deviation of the consistency of the product quality is larger, and the operation safety has a certain danger.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems set forth in the background art, the present invention provides an extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system, and the present invention is further described below.
An extraction type rare earth metal siphoning tapping system for siphoning the extraction of rare earth metal liquid in an electrolytic furnace out of the furnace to an ingot box, comprising:
the extraction cylinder is used for extracting rare earth metal from the electrolytic furnace and injecting rare earth metal liquid into the ingot box, a cavity is arranged in the extraction cylinder, and an inlet and an outlet are arranged at the bottom of the cavity;
the suspension device is used for lifting and translating the extraction cylinder;
and the air pump device is communicated with the cavity through an air pipeline and is used for controlling the pressure in the cavity.
Further, the top of the cavity is provided with a section with a diameter reduced toward the top to form a necking, and the gas pipeline is communicated with the necking; the necking function is used for eliminating the air flow dead angle at the top of the cavity, guiding the air flow in and out, and eliminating the influence of pressure fluctuation of the air pump device, so that excessive extraction of rare earth metal liquid is avoided.
Further, when the rare earth metal liquid is extracted, the suspension device controls the extraction cylinder to descend to a first height, metal is extracted from the bottom inlet and outlet positions of the extraction cylinder and enters the extraction cylinder, and the metal liquid level in the cylinder is below the liquid level of the electrolytic furnace.
Further, the amount of raw materials added into the electrolytic furnace through the feed inlet of the electrolytic furnace maintains the liquid level to be stable at the second height; the purpose is to maintain the height difference between the first height and the second height unchanged, and the pressure difference in the cavity meets the requirement of extracting the rare earth metal liquid amount when the rare earth metal liquid is extracted each time.
Further, in the process that the extracting cylinder is lowered from the second height to the first height, the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity, and the pressure in the cavity is maintained to be slightly higher than the external hydraulic pressure; after reaching a predetermined first height, the air pump device stops injecting the protective air. The purpose is to avoid the electrolyte liquid from forming a section of liquid column height in the cavity under the hydraulic pressure.
Further, when the extracting cylinder descends to the second height, the suspension device enables the extracting cylinder to be static at the second height, and the air pump device continuously introduces inert protective gas into the cavity to discharge the gas in the cavity. The purpose is on the one hand to save inert shielding gas and on the other hand to avoid the adverse effect of air entering the electrolyte on the electrolysis process.
Optionally, when the extraction cylinder is at the first height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a first pressure value, and the cavity extracts the target amount under the first pressure value;
in the process that the extracting cylinder is lifted to the second height from the first height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be gradually adjusted to the second pressure value from the first pressure value, and the rare earth metal liquid amount in the cavity is maintained to be always in the target amount.
Optionally, when the extracting cylinder is at the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a third pressure value, and the amount of the rare earth metal liquid extracted by the cavity is larger than the target amount;
in the process that the extracting cylinder is lifted from the first height to the second height, the third pressure value is kept constant in the cavity;
when the extracting cylinder rises to the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a second pressure value, and the rare earth metal liquid in the cavity is reduced to a target amount.
The pressure value in the cavity only has two pressure values of the second pressure value and the third pressure value, and the control mode of the air pump device is easier to realize.
Further, in the process of injecting rare earth metal liquid into the ingot box by the extraction cylinder, the extraction cylinder slowly rises under the pulling of the suspension device, and an inlet and an outlet at the bottom of the extraction cylinder are always close to the rare earth metal liquid level in the ingot box; the method aims to prevent jet flow wrapping air during injection of molten metal from entering an ingot casting box, so that bubbles exist in a rare earth metal ingot obtained by cooling a subsequent ingot casting box and the crystallization quality of the rare earth metal ingot is disturbed.
Further, after injection is completed, a heat preservation cap is arranged at the top of the ingot box, so that the situation that the crystallization difference of the top is caused by the fact that the temperature drop is larger than that of the bottom when metal is crystallized and cast is avoided.
The invention also relates to a rare earth metal liquid extraction type siphon tapping method, which comprises the following steps:
the extraction cylinder descends to a second height, and the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder to discharge the gas in the cavity;
in the descending process of the extracting cylinder to the first height, the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity of the extracting cylinder;
at a first height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a first pressure value, and a target amount of rare earth metal liquid enters the cavity under the action of pressure difference to form a certain column height in the cavity;
in the process that the extracting cylinder is lifted from the second height to the first height, the air pump device enables the pressure in the cavity to be increased from the first pressure value to the second pressure value, and the height of the rare earth metal liquid in the cavity is kept constant;
the extraction cylinder moves to the upper part of the ingot box under the action of the suspension device, the air pump device fills inert protective gas into the cavity, and rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box through the continuously increased pressure of the gas in the cavity, so that the operation is repeated.
The invention also relates to another rare earth metal liquid extraction type siphon tapping method, which comprises the following steps:
the extraction cylinder descends to a second height, and the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder to discharge the gas in the cavity;
in the process that the extraction cylinder descends to the first height, the air pump device continuously introduces inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder;
at the first height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a third pressure value, and rare earth metal liquid with the pressure larger than the target amount enters the cavity under the action of pressure difference;
in the process that the extracting cylinder rises from the first height to the second height, the air pump device maintains the pressure in the cavity at a constant third pressure value, and the rare earth metal liquid in the cavity partially flows back to the receiver;
after the extraction cylinder reaches the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a second pressure value, and the target amount of rare earth metal liquid is reserved in the cavity;
the extraction cylinder moves to the upper part of the ingot box, the air pump device fills inert protective gas into the cavity, and rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box through the continuously increased pressure of the gas in the cavity, so that the operation is repeated.
Further, when the rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box, the extraction cylinder is lifted under the pulling of the suspension device, and the bottom inlet and outlet are maintained to be always close to the rare earth metal liquid level in the ingot box.
Further, after injection is completed, a heat preservation cap is arranged at the top of the ingot box.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the extraction type metal siphon tapping mode adopted by the invention ensures that the tapping amount of the rare earth metal is stable, and the extraction type metal siphon tapping mode can be set according to the change of the specification and the size of the ingot box, thereby meeting the extraction of different amounts; the invention does not adopt a conventional sensor, ensures the service life of the system through pressure control, and is suitable for automatic control.
Drawings
Fig. 1: the structure of the invention is schematically shown;
fig. 2: schematic structural diagram of electrolytic furnace;
in the figure: the device comprises an extraction cylinder 1, a cavity 101, an inlet and an outlet 102, a shrinkage 103, a suspension device 2, an air pump device 3, a receiver 4, an ingot casting box 5, an electrolytic furnace 6, a cathode 7, a feed inlet 8 and a thermal insulation cap 9.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
The utility model provides an extraction formula rare earth siphon tapping system, is through the extraction tapping volume of control pressure differential control rare earth metal, and the liquid metal in the receiver is extracted to the ingot casting incasement, including an extraction section of thick bamboo 1 that is used for extracting injection metal liquid, extraction section of thick bamboo 1 is connected on a suspension device 2, and suspension device 2 is used for going up and down to the established height with control extraction section of thick bamboo 1 and translating to the established position, extraction section of thick bamboo 1 embeds cavity 101, and cavity 101 bottom is provided with access 102 for from the interior extraction metal liquid of receiver and to the injection metal liquid in the ingot casting incasement, according to general knowledge, the temperature of rare earth metal liquid is above 900 ℃, extraction section of thick bamboo 1 adopts high temperature resistant and high titanium material of intensity. The top of the extraction cylinder 1 is connected to an air pump device 3 through an air pipeline, and the air pump device 3 is used for filling inert protective gas into a cavity of the extraction cylinder 1 or extracting the inert protective gas from the extraction cylinder 1 to form a target pressure difference with the outside of the extraction cylinder.
When extracting the rare earth metal liquid, the extracting cylinder 1 is lowered to the bottom under the action of the suspension device 2, the inlet and outlet 102 is immersed below the liquid level of the rare earth metal in the receiver 4, and then the air pump device 3 performs air extraction action, so that the pressure of the cavity in the extracting cylinder 1 is smaller than the external pressure, and the metal liquid enters the cavity from the inlet and outlet 102 under the action of pressure difference until the height of the metal liquid column in the cavity meets the pressure balance at the inlet and outlet. Further, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure of the rare earth metal liquid extracted from the cavity according to the shape, size and volume of the ingot box, thereby meeting the control of the volume ingot box with different shapes, sizes and volumes on the rare earth metal liquid extraction, and the control is easy and accurate. After extracting the rare earth metal liquid, the extracting cylinder 1 ascends and translates to the upper part of the ingot casting box 5 under the action of the suspension device 2, the air pump device 3 stops the air suction action and fills inert protective gas into the cavity, the rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot casting box under the action of dead weight and air pressure to complete the extracting action of the rare earth metal liquid, then the extracting cylinder resets under the action of the suspension device, and the ingot casting box is cooled.
The top of the cavity 101 in the extraction cylinder 1 is provided with a section with a diameter reduced towards the top to form a shrinkage 103, the air pipeline is connected with the shrinkage 103, the shrinkage is used for eliminating air flow dead angles at the top of the cavity and guiding air flow in and out, meanwhile, the influence of pressure fluctuation of the air pump device 3 is eliminated, excessive extraction of metal liquid is avoided, the air pump device 3 has fluctuation when maintaining the pressure in the cavity at a set value according to common sense, when the air pressure exceeds a range value, excessive rare earth metal liquid enters the shrinkage, the sectional area at the shrinkage is small, a small amount of excessive rare earth metal liquid generates higher liquid level at the shrinkage, and further the hydraulic pressure generated at an inlet and an outlet at the bottom of the cavity is rapidly increased to prevent the further extraction of the rare earth metal liquid, namely, the effect of avoiding the excessive extraction of the metal liquid is achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, in practice, the receiver 4 is located below the cathode 7 in the electrolytic furnace 6, the molten metal obtained by the reduction reaction on the cathode 7 falls into the lower receiver 4, the electrolytic furnace is filled with electrolyte, the upper part of the electrolytic furnace is provided with a feed inlet 8, and raw materials and electrolyte are continuously replenished into the electrolytic furnace through the feed inlet, so that the consumption caused by the extraction of the molten metal is replenished. In practice, the carrying area of the receiver 4 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the cathode, so that the rare earth metal liquid obtained at the cathode can fall into the receiver 4, and the purpose of the receiver 4 being larger than the cathode is that the process of lifting the extraction cylinder 1 does not collide with the cathode, or the cathode is preferably connected to a lifting device, and when the extraction cylinder 1 descends, the lifting device acts to move the cathode to the side to avoid the extraction cylinder 1.
When the extracting cylinder 1 extracts the rare earth metal liquid, the hanging device 2 moves the hanging extracting cylinder downwards, the inlet and the outlet at the bottom of the extracting cylinder are immersed below the liquid level of the rare earth metal liquid in the receiver, at this time, part of electrolyte is discharged from the extracting cylinder, and based on the condition that the extracting cylinder moves downwards to be in contact with the receiver, the condition is invisible, in this embodiment, the inlet and the outlet at the bottom of the extracting cylinder 1 are determined to be below the liquid level of the rare earth metal by controlling the hanging device 2 to be lowered to a first height, at this time, the power of the electrolytic furnace is set to be constant, namely, the rare earth metal liquid obtained by the receiving reaction in the receiver 4 is relatively quantitative in a set period, and the liquid level in the receiver 4 is higher than the first height in each extracting process can be ensured by controlling the extracting interval time and/or the extracting amount.
It should be noted that, during the process of lowering the extraction cylinder to the first height, a part of electrolyte is discharged, that is, the extraction cylinder is subjected to the buoyancy action of the electrolyte, when the difference between the liquid level height in the receiver 4 and the height of the molten salt electrolyte is not large, the buoyancy and the hydraulic pressure of the molten salt electrolyte to the inlet and the outlet of the bottom of the extraction cylinder 1 are negligible, and under the condition of not being negligible, the situation needs to be considered, specifically:
the feed port 8 is controlled so that the amount of the raw materials and the electrolyte added into the electrolytic furnace satisfies the condition that the liquid level is stabilized at the second level, and the purpose is to maintain the difference between the first level and the second level constant, that is, the liquid pressure of the molten salt electrolyte liquid to the inlet and outlet at the bottom of the extraction cylinder 1 is constant, and the liquid pressure difference is considered in advance each time the rare earth metal liquid is extracted, so that the pressure difference in the cavity satisfies the requirement of extracting the metal liquid amount.
In the process that the extracting cylinder 1 descends from the second height to the first height, the air in the cavity is inert gas, at the moment, the air pump device 3 is in a closed state, namely, the inert gas in the cavity cannot escape to the outside, and the molten metal cannot enter the cavity until the inlet and the outlet are positioned below the liquid level in the receiver 4. In this embodiment, when the extracting cylinder 1 is lowered from the second height to the first height, the air pump device 3 continuously injects the inert shielding gas into the cavity, so as to maintain the pressure in the cavity higher than the external hydraulic pressure, avoid the electrolyte liquid from forming a section of liquid column height in the cavity under the hydraulic pressure, stop injecting the inert shielding gas by the air pump device 3 after reaching the predetermined first height, and start the pumping action to extract the molten metal.
When the extracting cylinder 1 descends to the second height, the suspension device 2 enables the extracting cylinder 1 to be static at the second height, the air pump device 3 continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity, the inert protective gas is saved as much as possible, the inert protective gas is not released before liquid in the electrolytic furnace is entered, but in practice, the protective gas is Ar which is low in cost and environment-friendly, the relative molecular mass of Ar and air is close, partial air is mixed into the cavity, the air in the cavity is discharged above the electrolyte liquid level, and adverse effects caused by the air entering the electrolyte to the electrolytic process are avoided, for example, anode (graphite is generally selected) combustion is caused.
After the extraction of the rare earth metal liquid is completed at the first height, the buoyancy of the extraction cylinder 1 is gradually reduced in the process from the first height to the second height under the pulling of the suspension device 2, and part of the rare earth metal liquid extracted in the extraction cylinder 1 flows back to the outside of the extraction cylinder from the inlet and the outlet under the action of pressure difference fluctuation. The invention provides two embodiments for error cancellation of the partially reflowed rare earth metal solution in view of the influence of the partially reflowed rare earth metal solution.
Example 1
When the extracting cylinder 1 is at a first height, namely the inlet and outlet at the bottom of the extracting cylinder 1 are below the liquid level in the receiver 4, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a first pressure value, and the liquid metal amount extracted by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavity under the first pressure value is the liquid metal amount required to be injected into the ingot box 5; then the extracting cylinder 1 is pulled by the suspension device 2 to rise from the first height to the second height, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure in the cavity at the second height, the second pressure is lower than the first pressure, and in the rising process of the extracting cylinder, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure in the cavity to continuously change from the first pressure to the second pressure, so that the pressure difference inside and outside the cavity is continuously increased to compensate the increase of the liquid column pressure difference in the cavity, and the purpose is to maintain the stability of the height of the rare earth metal liquid column in the cavity, namely the rare earth metal liquid amount is always stable.
Preferably, the extraction cylinder 1 is lifted from the first height to the second height at a constant speed by the pulling of the suspension device 2, and at the same time, the pressure difference in the cavity is increased in equal proportion by the action of the air pump device.
The embodiment relates to a rare earth metal liquid extraction type siphon tapping method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the extraction cylinder descends to a second height, and the air pump device continuously introduces inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder to discharge air in the cavity;
s2, the extraction cylinder is lowered to a first height, and the air pump device continuously introduces inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder in the lowering process, so that electrolyte is prevented from entering the cavity;
s3, at a first height, the air pump device pumps air from the cavity, the pressure in the cavity is at a first pressure value, a pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the cavity, a target amount of rare earth metal liquid enters the cavity under the action of the pressure difference, and a certain column height is formed in the cavity;
s4, continuously pumping air from a cavity of the extraction cylinder by the air pump device in the process that the extraction cylinder rises from the first height to the second height, and maintaining the height stability of rare earth metal liquid in the cavity by changing the pressure in the cavity from a first pressure value to a second pressure value;
s5, the extraction cylinder moves to the upper part of the ingot box under the action of the suspension device, the air pump device fills inert protective gas into the cavity, and rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box, so that the operation is repeated.
Example 2
When the extraction cylinder 1 is at the second height, namely, the state that the inlet and outlet at the bottom of the extraction cylinder 1 are below the liquid level in the receiver 4, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a third pressure value, and at the moment, the liquid amount extracted by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavity is larger than the target rare earth metal liquid amount required to be injected into the ingot casting box 5; then, in the process that the extracting cylinder 1 is lifted from the first height to the second height under the pulling of the suspension device 2, the third pressure value is kept constant in the cavity, the hydraulic pressure is continuously reduced, the rare earth metal liquid in the cavity of the extracting cylinder continuously flows outwards, and the rare earth metal liquid flows back to the receiver; when the extracting cylinder 1 rises to the second height, the air pump device 3 controls the pressure in the cavity to be at the second pressure value, and the rare earth metal liquid amount in the cavity is the target amount.
In this embodiment, only the second pressure value and the third pressure value exist in the pressure value in the cavity, and the control mode of the air pump device 3 is easier to realize.
The rare earth metal liquid extraction type siphon tapping method related to the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, the extraction cylinder descends to a second height, and the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder to discharge air in the cavity;
s2, the extraction cylinder is lowered to a first height, and the air pump device continuously introduces inert protective gas into the cavity of the extraction cylinder in the lowering process, so that electrolyte is prevented from entering the cavity;
s3, at the first height, the air pump device pumps air from the cavity, the pressure in the cavity is controlled to be at a third pressure value, and a target amount of molten metal enters the cavity under the action of pressure difference to form a certain column height in the cavity;
s4, in the process that the extracting cylinder rises from the second height to the first height, the air pump device maintains the pressure in the cavity at a constant third pressure value, and the molten metal in the cavity partially flows back to the receiver;
s5, after the extracting cylinder reaches a second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a second pressure value, and the amount of the metal liquid reserved in the cavity is the target amount;
s6, the extraction cylinder moves to the upper part of the ingot box under the action of the suspension device, the air pump device fills inert protective gas into the cavity, and rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box, so that the operation is repeated.
Further, when the extraction cylinder injects rare earth metal liquid into the ingot casting box from above the ingot casting box 5, the extraction cylinder gradually moves upwards under the pulling of the suspension device 2, specifically, before injection, the extraction cylinder is pulled by the suspension device 2, the bottom inlet and outlet of the extraction cylinder are close to the bottom of the ingot casting box 5, the rare earth metal liquid at the injection position directly falls into the bottom of the ingot casting box, in the continuous injection process, the extraction cylinder slowly rises under the pulling of the suspension device 2, and the inlet and outlet of the bottom of the extraction cylinder are always close to the rare earth metal liquid level in the ingot casting box, so that the jet flow in the process of preventing the injected rare earth metal liquid from being wrapped with air enters the ingot casting box, and bubbles exist in a metal ingot obtained by cooling the subsequent ingot casting box and the crystallization quality of the metal ingot is disturbed.
Namely, the rare earth metal liquid extraction type siphon tapping method further comprises the following steps:
when the rare earth metal liquid is injected into the ingot box, the extraction cylinder is lifted under the pulling of the suspension device, and the inlet and outlet at the bottom are maintained to be always close to the metal liquid level in the ingot box.
The method also comprises the following steps:
after the injection is finished, a thermal insulation cap 9 is arranged at the top of the ingot box, and the thermal insulation cap is used for avoiding the situation that the temperature drop at the top is larger than that at the bottom when metal is crystallized, so that the crystallization is poor.
The extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping mode adopted by the invention ensures that the tapping amount of the rare earth metal is stable, and the extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping mode can be set according to the shape, size and volume of the ingot box, so as to meet the extraction of different amounts; the invention does not adopt a conventional sensor, ensures the service life of the system through pressure control, and is suitable for automatic control.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An extraction type rare earth metal siphon tapping system for siphoning the extraction of rare earth metal liquid in an electrolytic furnace out of the furnace to an ingot box, which is characterized by comprising:
the extracting cylinder is used for extracting rare earth metal liquid from the electrolytic furnace and injecting the rare earth metal liquid into the ingot casting box, a cavity is arranged in the extracting cylinder, an inlet and an outlet are arranged at the bottom of the cavity, a section with a diameter reduced toward the top is arranged at the top of the cavity, a necking is formed, and the gas pipeline is communicated with the necking;
the suspension device is used for lifting and translating the extraction cylinder;
the air pump device is communicated with the cavity through an air pipeline and used for controlling the pressure in the cavity;
when the rare earth metal liquid is extracted, the suspension device controls the extracting cylinder to descend to a first height, and an inlet and an outlet at the bottom of the extracting cylinder are positioned below the liquid level of the rare earth metal;
the feed inlet of the electrolytic furnace adds raw materials or electrolyte into the electrolytic furnace to maintain the liquid level to be stable at the second height;
in the process that the extraction cylinder descends from the second height to the first height, the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity, and the pressure in the cavity is maintained to be higher than external hydraulic pressure; after reaching a preset first height, the air pump device stops injecting inert protective gas;
when the extracting cylinder descends to a second height, the suspension device enables the extracting cylinder to be static at the second height, the air pump device continuously injects inert protective gas into the cavity, and the gas in the cavity is discharged;
when the extraction cylinder is at a first height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a first pressure value, and the cavity extracts a target amount under the first pressure value; in the process that the extracting cylinder is lifted from the first height to the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be gradually adjusted from the first pressure value to the second pressure value, and the rare earth metal liquid amount in the cavity is maintained to be always at the target amount; or when the extracting cylinder is at the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at a third pressure value, the amount of the rare earth metal liquid extracted by the cavity is larger than the target amount, the third pressure value is kept constant in the cavity in the process that the extracting cylinder is lifted from the first height to the second height, and when the extracting cylinder is lifted to the second height, the air pump device controls the pressure in the cavity to be at the second pressure value, and the amount of the rare earth metal liquid in the cavity is reduced to the target amount;
in the process of injecting the rare earth metal liquid into the ingot box by the extraction cylinder, the extraction cylinder slowly rises under the pulling of the suspension device, and an inlet and an outlet at the bottom of the extraction cylinder are always close to the rare earth metal liquid level in the ingot box.
2. The extraction rare earth metal siphon tapping system according to claim 1, wherein: and the top of the ingot box is covered with a thermal insulation cap after casting is completed.
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| CN2471796Y (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-01-16 | 赣州有色冶金研究所 | Electrolytic tank siphon discharger for fluorine compounds molten rare earth salts |
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| CN112159995A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Siphon rare earth metal device and method for rare earth electrolytic tank |
| CN214088693U (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-08-31 | 包头市金为达稀土材料有限公司 | Static self-suction device |
| CN215517669U (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-01-14 | 包头市金为达稀土材料有限公司 | Rare earth metal tapping device |
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2022
- 2022-04-25 CN CN202210440749.2A patent/CN114774994B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2471796Y (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-01-16 | 赣州有色冶金研究所 | Electrolytic tank siphon discharger for fluorine compounds molten rare earth salts |
| CN203639585U (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-06-11 | 赣州三友稀土新材料有限公司 | Suction tube type discharging device for rear earth metal electrolytic furnace |
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