CN110831713A - Low-pressure mold filling method and device adopting electromagnetic stirring technology - Google Patents
Low-pressure mold filling method and device adopting electromagnetic stirring technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110831713A CN110831713A CN201980003368.4A CN201980003368A CN110831713A CN 110831713 A CN110831713 A CN 110831713A CN 201980003368 A CN201980003368 A CN 201980003368A CN 110831713 A CN110831713 A CN 110831713A
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- metal melt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-pressure mold filling method and device adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology, wherein the device comprises a crucible furnace and a liquid lifting pipe, a furnace cover is arranged on the crucible furnace, a sealed cavity is formed inside the crucible furnace, the top of the sealed cavity is communicated to the bottom of a cavity to be filled through the liquid lifting pipe, an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged beside the liquid lifting pipe, and a pressurized gas inlet is arranged in the crucible furnace. Pressurizing the metal melt in the crucible furnace to enable the metal melt to rise through the liquid lifting pipe, and enabling the metal melt to stably enter the cavity under the mold filling pressure until the whole cavity is completely filled; the method is characterized in that: the temperature of the metal melt passing through the liquid lifting pipe is 30-60% of the range of the liquidus temperature plus the solidification temperature of the metal or alloy; and electromagnetically stirring the metal melt while the metal melt flows through the riser tube. The invention breaks up the generated dendrite by electromagnetic stirring, adds new crystal nucleus and refines the crystal grain structure, thereby not only adopting lower pouring temperature, but also improving the mechanical property of the casting, reducing the air suction and shrinkage of the casting and improving the quality of the casting and the utilization rate of metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-pressure casting method, in particular to a mold filling method in low-pressure die casting, and particularly relates to a low-pressure mold filling method adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology.
Background
Low pressure casting is a method in which liquid metal is filled into a cavity from bottom to top along a riser tube under the action of pressure against gravity and other resistance forces, and a casting is obtained under pressure. The pressure used is low, and the pressure in the mold filling stage is generally 20-70 kPa, so the method is called low-pressure casting. The low-pressure casting has the advantages of convenient adjustment of pouring pressure and speed, stable mold filling, convenient realization of sequential solidification, high utilization rate of molten metal and the like.
The technological process of low-pressure casting includes liquid raising stage, mold filling stage and solidification and crystallization stage. In the filling phase, the fluidity of the liquid metal must be ensured in order to prevent the occurrence of under-pour defects. When the temperature of the metal drops to the vicinity of the liquidus line, dendrites are generated in the molten metal, which affects the fluidity of the molten metal. Therefore, in the prior art, the fluidity of the molten metal is ensured by increasing the temperature of the molten metal, theoretically, the pouring temperature needs to be at least 20-30 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature, and in the actual casting production process, the pouring temperature is generally higher than the alloy liquidus temperature by more than 100 ℃ by taking the factors such as the casting structure, the casting process, the equipment and the like into consideration, and the casting cannot be formed because the cavity cannot be filled with the molten metal at the too low pouring temperature. This solution has the following drawbacks: (1) the casting is easy to have air hole defects due to the higher pouring temperature; (2) the higher pouring temperature increases the total shrinkage of metal, so that the phenomena of gas absorption increase and serious oxidation are caused, and simultaneously, a riser is required to be added for feeding to reduce the metal utilization rate of a casting; (3) the liquid metal is solidified to produce coarse crystal grains and fewer crystal nuclei, so that the mechanical properties of the casting are influenced.
Therefore, an improvement of the existing low-pressure filling method will help to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-pressure mold filling method adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology, so as to improve the quality of castings, improve the mechanical properties of the castings and improve the yield of the castings. Another object of the present invention is to provide a low pressure charging apparatus for carrying out the method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a low-pressure mold filling method adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology is characterized in that a metal melt in a crucible furnace is pressurized, so that the metal melt rises through a liquid lifting pipe, and the metal melt stably enters a mold cavity under mold filling pressure until the whole mold cavity is completely filled; the temperature of the metal melt passing through the riser tube is 30-60% of the range of the liquidus temperature plus the solidification temperature of the metal or alloy; and electromagnetically stirring the metal melt while the metal melt flows through the riser tube.
In the above technical solution, the width of the solidification temperature interval refers to a temperature difference between a liquidus line and a solidus line of the metal or the alloy.
In the preferred technical scheme, the temperature of the metal melt passing through the liquid lifting pipe is 50% of the temperature of the liquid phase line of the metal or alloy plus the width of the solidification temperature interval of the metal or alloy.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, through when the stalk is flowed through to the metal melt, carry out electromagnetic stirring to the metal melt, with lower metal pouring temperature cooperation, can guarantee the mobility of metal melt. Because the pouring temperature of the metal melt is kept near the liquidus, dendritic crystals can be generated in the metal liquid, and then the dendritic crystals are scattered through electromagnetic stirring, so that new crystal nuclei are added, crystal grains are refined, and the casting quality is improved; meanwhile, the low pouring temperature can reduce the air suction amount and shrinkage of the casting.
In the technical scheme, the electromagnetic stirring method comprises the steps that the coil of the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged on the periphery of the liquid lifting pipe, and the alternating current of the coil generates an alternating magnetic field to stir the metal melt in the liquid lifting pipe.
According to the preferred technical scheme, the metal melt is formed in the crucible furnace and directly enters the liquid lifting pipe without passing through a heat preservation device. The metal melt in the flowing state is treated by utilizing electromagnetic stirring, the heat preservation process in the prior art is not needed, and the treatment efficiency is higher.
In order to achieve another object of the present invention, there is provided a low-pressure filling apparatus using electromagnetic stirring technology, comprising: the crucible furnace is provided with a furnace cover, so that a sealed cavity is formed inside the crucible furnace, the top of the sealed cavity is communicated to the bottom of a cavity to be filled through a liquid lifting pipe, an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged beside the liquid lifting pipe, and a pressurized gas inlet is arranged in the crucible furnace.
In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic stirrer is disposed around the periphery of the lift tube.
According to a further technical scheme, the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a coil, and the coil is wrapped on the outer wall of the lift tube.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention overcomes the technical prejudice that the temperature of the metal melt should be increased to avoid generating dendrite when the low-pressure mold filling is considered in the prior art, creatively utilizes the electromagnetic stirring to scatter the generated dendrite, increases new crystal nucleus and refines the crystal grain structure, thereby not only adopting lower pouring temperature, but also improving the mechanical property of the casting and improving the quality of the casting;
2. the invention can reduce the pouring temperature, reduce the air suction amount and shrinkage of the casting, ensure the quality of the casting and improve the utilization rate of metal;
3. the invention carries out electromagnetic stirring treatment on the metal melt in the flowing state, does not need a heat preservation process and has high treatment efficiency;
4. the electromagnetic stirring system is arranged at the periphery of the liquid lifting pipe, so that the electromagnetic stirring system is not in contact with molten metal, has no pollution, and is simple in equipment and simple and convenient to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a cavity; 2. a riser tube; 3. an electromagnetic stirrer; 4. a furnace cover; 5. a crucible furnace.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device comprises a cavity 1, a riser tube 2, an electromagnetic stirrer 3, a furnace cover 4 and a crucible furnace 5 from top to bottom in sequence; the furnace cover 4 is used for sealing the crucible furnace 5, the upper part of the liquid lifting pipe 2 is matched with the cavity 1, and the electromagnetic stirrer 3 is placed around the liquid lifting pipe 2 and is used for electromagnetically stirring the metal liquid flowing through the liquid lifting pipe 2.
The electromagnetic stirrer 3 can adopt various forms in the prior art, and has the function of generating an alternating magnetic field after being powered on to stir the metal melt in the riser tube.
When pouring, the temperature of the metal melt is kept near the liquidus line, after the pouring is started, the metal liquid flows upwards from the crucible furnace 5 along the riser tube 2, and when passing through the electromagnetic stirrer 3, the metal liquid in the riser tube 2 is quickly stirred by the magnetic field, so that the purposes of promoting the internal flow of the metal liquid, refining crystal grains and improving the casting quality are achieved.
Because the pouring temperature is lower, dendrite can be generated in the molten metal, then the molten metal is electromagnetically stirred, the dendrite is scattered, new crystal nuclei are added, and crystal grains are refined; meanwhile, the air suction amount and the shrinkage of the casting are reduced, and the improvement of the quality of the casting is facilitated.
Claims (7)
1. A low-pressure mold filling method adopting an electromagnetic stirring technology is characterized in that a metal melt in a crucible furnace is pressurized, so that the metal melt rises through a liquid lifting pipe, and the metal melt stably enters a mold cavity under mold filling pressure until the whole mold cavity is completely filled; the method is characterized in that: the temperature of the metal melt passing through the riser tube is 30-60% of the range of the liquidus temperature plus the solidification temperature of the metal or alloy; and electromagnetically stirring the metal melt while the metal melt flows through the riser tube.
2. The low-pressure filling method adopting the electromagnetic stirring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the metal melt passing through the riser tube is 50% of the liquidus temperature plus the width of the solidification temperature interval of the metal or alloy.
3. The low-pressure filling method adopting the electromagnetic stirring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic stirring method is that the coil of the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged on the periphery of the liquid lifting pipe, and the alternating current of the coil generates an alternating magnetic field to stir the metal melt in the liquid lifting pipe.
4. The low-pressure filling method adopting the electromagnetic stirring technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: forming metal melt in the crucible furnace, and directly entering the liquid lifting pipe without passing through a heat preservation device.
5. The utility model provides an adopt electromagnetic stirring technique's low pressure to fill type device which characterized in that: the crucible furnace is provided with a furnace cover, so that a sealed cavity is formed inside the crucible furnace, the top of the sealed cavity is communicated to the bottom of a cavity to be filled through a liquid lifting pipe, an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged beside the liquid lifting pipe, and a pressurized gas inlet is arranged in the crucible furnace.
6. The low-pressure filling device adopting the electromagnetic stirring technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the electromagnetic stirrer is arranged around the periphery of the lift tube.
7. The low-pressure filling device adopting the electromagnetic stirring technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a coil, and the coil is wrapped on the outer wall of the riser tube.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/094953 WO2021003627A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Low-pressure mold-filling method and apparatus using electromagnetic stirring technique |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110831713A true CN110831713A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201980003368.4A Pending CN110831713A (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Low-pressure mold filling method and device adopting electromagnetic stirring technology |
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| CN (1) | CN110831713A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021003627A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113579203A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-02 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Micro-solid forming process and device |
| WO2022127431A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | 大连交通大学 | Differential-pressure antigravity filling and solidifying device under action of external field and process method |
| CN115007839A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-06 | 浙江大学 | Semi-solid rheoforming low-pressure casting method |
| CN116748475A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Metal structure uniform refining method and device based on frozen sand mold energy-saving casting |
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| WO2005065866A1 (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2005-07-21 | Han-Jung Lee | Method and apparatus for manufacturing forming material with spherical structure |
| CN105583396A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-05-18 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Low-pressure casting one-step method for manufacturing semi-solid light alloy castings |
| WO2016093328A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | 謙三 高橋 | Molten metal quality improving type low pressure casting method and device, molten metal quality improving type squeeze casting method and device, continuous casting method and continuous casting device with molten metal quality improving device, and casting method and casting device |
| CN106513598A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-03-22 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Continuous electromagnetic stirring device and technology for semisolid rheological forming alloy slurry for aluminum hub |
| CN109909478A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-21 | 镇江市吉玛铸造科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of gradient composites brake disc |
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2019
- 2019-07-05 WO PCT/CN2019/094953 patent/WO2021003627A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-07-05 CN CN201980003368.4A patent/CN110831713A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005065866A1 (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2005-07-21 | Han-Jung Lee | Method and apparatus for manufacturing forming material with spherical structure |
| WO2016093328A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | 謙三 高橋 | Molten metal quality improving type low pressure casting method and device, molten metal quality improving type squeeze casting method and device, continuous casting method and continuous casting device with molten metal quality improving device, and casting method and casting device |
| CN105583396A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-05-18 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Low-pressure casting one-step method for manufacturing semi-solid light alloy castings |
| CN106513598A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-03-22 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Continuous electromagnetic stirring device and technology for semisolid rheological forming alloy slurry for aluminum hub |
| CN109909478A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-21 | 镇江市吉玛铸造科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of gradient composites brake disc |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022127431A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | 大连交通大学 | Differential-pressure antigravity filling and solidifying device under action of external field and process method |
| CN113579203A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-02 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Micro-solid forming process and device |
| WO2022257400A1 (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-12-15 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Micro-solid-state molding method and apparatus |
| CN115007839A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-06 | 浙江大学 | Semi-solid rheoforming low-pressure casting method |
| CN116748475A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Metal structure uniform refining method and device based on frozen sand mold energy-saving casting |
| CN116748475B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Metal structure uniform refining method and device based on frozen sand mold energy-saving casting |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2021003627A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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